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Introduction. Parkes-Weber syndrome (PWS) is a complex and rare genetic disease of combined vascular malformations that primarily occur in the extremities and can involve the pelvic blood vessels. In extremely rare cases, the disease is manifested by endocranial and spinal involvement. The treatment of such patients represents a challenge for neurosurgical centers and requires a multidisciplinary approach. Case report. We present the case of a 46-year-old male patient admitted to the emergency department due to spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), moderate flaccid paraparesis, and urinary incontinence. The patient was previously diagnosed with PWS, while the genetic evaluation proved the RASA1 gene mutation. Furthermore, he experienced a spontaneous SAH and was hospitalized 26 years ago, while six years ago, he underwent a right nephrectomy due to multiple hilar aneurysms of the right renal artery and its branches. Digital subtraction angiography of the endocranium was performed, which detected no aneurysmal dilatations or arteriovenous malformations (AVM). The magnetic resonance imaging recorded spinal intradural AVM in the vertebral levels between T12 and L3, which completely filled the dural sac. After the conservative treatment, there was a significant improvement in the patient’s neurological and clinical condition. Conclusion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the only case report of a patient with PWS who had a spinal intradural AVM and spontaneous SAH without high-output heart failure and with a history of a previous nephrectomy.

Background/Aim. Several serious complications can accompany both spontaneous and post-traumatic sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) such as the development of intracranial hypertension, hydrocephalus, re-bleeding, cerebral hypoxia, cerebral vasospasm, impaired pituitary function, electrolyte imbalance, and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. Although there is a declining trend in mortality, the treatment of SAH and its complications represents a challenge even in imposing neurosurgical centers. The aim of the study was to compare some clinical characteristics and complications between spontaneous and post-traumatic SAH. Methods. The retrospective study included 138 patients treated at the Department of Neurosurgery from January 2018 to January 2023. There were 71 patients with spontaneous and 67 patients with post-traumatic SAH. Results. A predominance of spontaneous SAH in female and post-traumatic SAH in male patients (p < 0.001) was found. There was a statistically significant difference in the frequency of hydrocephalus between groups of spontaneous and post-traumatic SAH patients (p = 0.013). Cerebral vasospasm was significantly more prevalent in patients with spontaneous SAH (p < 0.001). A statistically significant association was also obtained between the thickness of the coagulum in these two groups (p < 0.001). Patients with spontaneous SAH were significantly more likely to have a negative T wave in E CG findings (p < 0.001). Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference regarding electrolyte imbalance in these two groups of patients with SAH. Conclusion. There were statistically significant differences between gender distribution, the frequency of abnormal ECG findings in the form of a negative T wave, greater coagulum thickness, vasospasm occurrence, and a higher rate of hydrocephalus in patients with spontaneous SAH compared to patients with post-traumatic SAH.

Food nanoemulsions are known as very effective and excellent carriers for both lipophilic and hydrophilic bioactive compounds (BCs) and have been successfully used for controlled delivery and protection of BCs during gastrointestinal digestion (GID). However, due to sensitive and fragile morphology, BCs-loaded nanoemulsions have different digestion pathways depending on their properties, food matrix properties, and applied models for testing their digestibility and BCs bioaccessibility. Thus, this review gives a critical review of the behavior of encapsulated BCs into food nanoemulsions during each phase of GID in different static and dynamic in vitro digestion models, as well as of the influence of nanoemulsion and food matrix properties on BCs bioaccessibility. In the last section, the toxicity and safety of BCs-loaded nanoemulsions evaluated on in vitro and in vivo GID models have also been discussed. Better knowledge of food nanoemulsions' behavior in different models of simulated GI conditions and within different nanoemulsion and food matrix types can help to standardize the protocol for their testing aiming for researchers to compare results and design BCs-loaded nanoemulsions with better performance and higher targeted BCs bioaccessibility. HIGHLIGHTS: Food nanoemulsions are effective and excellent carriers for bioactive compounds (BCs). Nanoemulsions are often subject to morphological and structural changes during digestion. BC-s loaded nanoemulsions have different digestion pathways in different digestion models. BC-s have different bioaccessibility in different nanoemulsion models. Food matrix can affect the bioaccessibility of BCs entrapped in nanoemulsions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein we describe the antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing potential of aqueous and polysaccharide extracts from three widely appreciated mushrooms: Agrocybe aegerita, Laetiporus sulphureus and Agaricus bisporus. Moreover, we present their detailed phenolic, polysaccharide and protein profiles and ATR-FTIR spectra. The study found that polysaccharide extracts (PEs) from mushrooms had higher total and β-glucan levels than aqueous extracts (AEs), with A. aegerita showing the highest content. L. sulphureus had a higher total protein content, and A. aegerita AE had the highest phenolic content. Our results indicate that all the tested extracts have high potential regarding their bioactive properties, with A. aegerita being the most promising one. Namely, the antibacterial activity assay showed that the development of the skin-infection-causing agent, Staphylococcus aureus, was inhibited with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 4.00 mg/mL and minimal bactericidal concentration of 8.00 mg/mL, while the results regarding wound healing showed that, over the course of 24 h, the A. aegerita extract actively promoted wound closure in the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line model. The anti-inflammatory activity results clearly showed that when we used S. aureus as an inflammation-inducing agent and the A. aegerita aqueous extract in treatment, IL-6 levels reduced to the level of 4.56 pg/mL. The obtained data suggest that the tested mushroom extracts may serve as a source of bioactive compounds, with potential applications in the cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical and food industries. Furthermore, potential skin preparations carefully crafted with mushroom extract may help restore the skin's barrier function, decrease the probability of staph infections and minimize skin irritation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On a global level and over a number of years, many researchers have been studying the effects of organic and conventional production methods on the chemical composition of plants and their products. The aim of this study was to determine the potential difference in the contents of several nutrients/phytochemicals in organically and conventionally produced buckwheat grains. Buckwheat was sown in 2016 at a site in Nova Varoš. The experimental plot covered a surface area of 1 ha. The contents of the following nutrients and phytochemicals in buckwheat grains were determined: proteins, pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids), soluble sugars, starch, free and bound polyphenols and flavonoids, and phytosterols. In addition, the antioxidant properties of the grains were assessed using the ABTS •+ ((2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) test (ability to inhibit ABTS •+ radical cations). There was no statistically significant difference in the contents of proteins, chlorophyll a and free phenols or in regard to the % of antioxidant capacity. On the other hand, two different production methods caused differences in the other chemical parameters. In organic grains, higher contents of carotenoids (6.998 µg g-1 dry matter (DM)), soluble sugar (6.48 mg 100 g-1 DM), starch (2.46 mg 100 g-1 DM), bound polyphenols (1034.3 mg (FAE) kg kg-1 DM), free flavonoids (1094.7 mg (QE) kg-1 DM) and bound flavonoids (1087.2 mg (QE) kg-1 DM) were detected, while in conventional buckwheat grains, there were higher levels of chlorophyll b (24.16 µg g-1 DM) and phytosterols (185.15 mg kg-1 DM). The study showed no clear influence of the production method on the examined parameters.

Introduction. Risk factors for thrombotic events in patients receiving treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma are not well known. Administration of some cytostatic medication, especially via central venous catheter, corticosteroids, and hyperlipidemia can present some of them. Case outline. A case of a 15-year-old boy that had been newly diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma is presented here. Chemotherapy according to vincristine, etoposide, prednisone, and doxorubicin (OEPA) protocol was introduced a month before headache and vomiting occurred, so subsequently, brain computer tomography was performed, and reviled laminar subdural pseudo-hemorrhage in the right occipital region. After performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) venous thrombosis of the posterior part of superior sagittal sinus, right transverses, and sigmoid sinus were presented. Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and anti-edematous therapy was immediately initiated. Two weeks later, the patient resumed the second cycle of chemotherapy combined with LMWH, as the previous symptoms of intracranial hypertension resolved. Two years later, MRI showed an almost complete resolution of the finding. The boy was in good clinical condition. Conclusion. Although administration of oral corticosteroids, could be rarely a risk factor per se for cerebral sinus venous thrombosis in Hodgkin lymphoma patients, it remains an important treatment option. Adequate and prompt diagnostics and therapy are mandatory in cases of wide intracranial venous thrombosis as the prevention of possible intracranial hypertension and even fatal outcome.

Introduction. In about one-third of the patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid bleeding, multiple intracranial aneurysms are confirmed. Risk factors such as female sex, smoking, hypertension, and age over 60 tend to be associated with multiple aneurysms. In this paper, we also discuss family predisposition and the treatment approach for multiple cerebral aneurysms. Case outline. Here, we present a case of a 64-year-old female patient, with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage that had nine intracranial aneurysms. The patient was treated for hypertension for a long time, excessive smoker, and two of her nearest members of the family died from intracranial bleeding. The patient was fully conscious, without any neurological impairment. Subarachnoid bleeding was diffuse and neither brain-computer tomography finding or digital subtraction angiography could not suggest the source or location of bleeding among nine presented aneurisms. Magnetic resonance imaging had to be done, and the T1W fast spin-echo sequence showed a 9 mm large ruptured an aneurysm at the basilar tip, after contrast application, beside others. Three days after the insult, endovascular embolization was done and two basilar aneurysms were excluded from the circulation, including the one that bled. Conclusion. The patient had the majority of risk factors for multiple intracranial aneurysms. Knowledge of the family predisposition of multiple intracranial aneurysms allowed us to make a proper diagnostics of a patient’s descendant and reveal a new patient.

The aim of this paper is to provide a new framework for the study of measures of noncompactness in generalized metric spaces. Firstly, we introduce the notion of w-measure of noncompactness on metric spaces with a w-distance and extend the diameter and Kuratowski functionals to this setting. At the end we give a characterization of metric completeness via our main results, providing a new answer to the open question mentioned by Arandjelović in his PhD thesis [2].

The aim of this study was to determine fatty acid and soluble sugar profiles of the grape seed flour originated from non-fermented dried pomace of international and autochthonous grape varieties in order to estimate their potential nutritional value. The grape seed flours were obtained from the grapes harvested in technological maturity. It has been shown that grape seed flours contained significant quantities of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), especially linoleic fatty acids, whose content ranged from 61.15 - 83.47 %. Oleic acid mostly contributed to the content of monounsaturated fatty acids, while the stearic acid was the most abundant saturated fatty acid (SFA). Among polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly ω-6 FAs, were the most represented. The tested grape seed flours had the high UFA/SFA ratio (3.63- 11.09), low atherogenicity (0.04-0.13) and thrombogenicity (0.16-0.47) indices. Fifteen different sugars were found in analysed samples with the total concentration ranging from 40588 to 91319 mg/kg seed with fructose and glucose as the most abundant. Principal component analysis based on the content of FAs and soluble sugars revealed unique composition of the seed flour of Prokupac variety. These findings indicate that the tested grape seed flours is a good source of nutritionally valuable FAs and sugars that can play an important role in the formulation of a new functional food products. [Projects of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. TR31069 and Grant no. OI172017]

The author deals with the consequences arising from the controversy of neoliberal concept and market fundamentalism. He presented the problem of coincidences and differences that have deeper repercussions on societies in transition and the world in general. He explored the controversies of neoliberalism related to the way it creates mechanisms of power, capital accumulation, propaganda, and the use of various means to keep the concept alive. He points to the rigid approach of the Brussels administration, which extends to all aspiring countries. Market fundamentalism and pathological consumption are the two sides of neoliberalism. A large number of countries in transition have run into even greater problems, after implementing the directives of the International Monetary Fund and listening to the advice of foreign experts. The economic power of developed countries and the authoritarian approach are not only the result of economics but also of ideology or geostrategy. Inequality is steadily deepening. Blank forms are spreading and are accepted in all cultures. The author points out that global homogenization through "non-places" and "non-things", with the help of "non-services", in fact, abstracts man by promoting the power of market fundamentalism. It is a kind of template for the totalitarianism of the New Age.

This paper presents an integrated environmental management plan for soil quality control in the city of Novi Sad in the Republic of Serbia. Considering the very favorable geographical position, Novi Sad is a city that interweaves important main roads, has population increase, as well as the rapid development of industry and agriculture. Due to these facts there is also increased pollution of air, water and soil, as well as generation of large waste amount. In addition to parks and devastated areas around the industrial zones, widespread agricultural activity in suburban areas is particularly sensitive to the soil quality and vice versa. In this study, the geographical position and geomorphological characteristics of the city area, as well as the leading ecological problems, were analyzed. Based on the given facts, an integrated monitoring of one of the environmental quality indicators, the soil quality was proposed. There was suggest the network of 15 sensors for measuring of pH value, humidity and soil temperature in the city area. Soil quality data obtained in this way in real time is very important for elimination or mitigation of potential undesirable consequences. Thanks to the rapid development of technology, the utilization of sensors network is increasingly being used in modern monitoring systems and is available for efficient and cost-effective solution of environmental problems.