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Oxidus gracilis (C.L. Koch, 1847) Figs 1���2 Fontaria gracilis C.L. Koch, 1847: 142. Fontaria gracilis ��� Koch C.L. 1863: 51, pl. 85, fg. 173. Oxidus gracilis ��� Cook 1911: 628. ��� Jeekel 1963a: 20; Jeekel 1968: 71. ��� Nguyen & Sierwald 2013: 1292. Orthomorpha (Kalorthomorpha) gracilis ��� Attems 1914: 196. Material examined JAPAN: 1 ♂, Central Ryukyus, Okinawa-jima Island, Onna-son, Onna, Camp Hansen training area at Gate 28, 20 m a.s.l., 26��29���44��� N, 127��51���36��� E, 31 Aug. 2010, leg. Z. Kors��s (IEBR-501); 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, Central Ryukyus, Okinawa-jima, Okuni rindo forest trail, 26��43���55��� N, 128��12���30��� E, 25 Sep. 2012, leg. Z. Kors��s (IEBR-H471); 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, Central Ryukyus, Okinawa-jima, Nago city, Makiya, Makiya-notaki waterfall, 26��37���44��� N, 128��02���42��� E, 100 m, 2 Sep. 2012, leg. Z. Kors��s (IEBR-H466). USA: 13 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, Florida, Columbia, Co., Ichetucknee St., PK, 3 May 1981 (IEBR-USA). SOUTH KOREA: 4 ♀♀ (IPE-Myr 001), 1 ♂, Geoje Island, 8 Aug. 1970, leg. K.Y. Paik (IPE-Myr 003); 7 ♀♀, Geoje Island, 7 Aug. 1970, leg. K.Y. Paik (IPE-Myr 002); 1 ♂, Jeollanam-do, Gwangju, 6 Oct. 1962, leg. S.C.Kim (IPE-Myr 004); 4 ♂♂, Songnisan National Park, 24 Jul. 1961, leg. G.Y. Baek (IPE- Myr 005); 1 ♂, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Cheongsong-gun, Hyeondong-myeon, Wolmae-ri, 18 Jul. 1966, leg. Kim Jae Ho (IPE-Myr 007); 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, leg. K.Y. Paik (IPE-Myr 009). TAIWAN: 1 ♂, Miaoli County, Taian Township, Kuanwu, SE ridge of Mt. Yemagan, 24��31���13��� N, 121��07���11��� E, 1925 m, secondary mixed forest, 20 Oct. 2009, leg. L. D��nyi and E. Laz��nyi (HNHM-T09-51); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Taichung County, Heping Township, Dasyueshan Forest Recreation Areas, 10 Shsuehshan Rd., 7 May 2003, leg. Shining Wu (IEBR-Myr 550); 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Miaoli County, Taian Township, Dalu Forest Rf., West Feeder, Guanwu lodge, 12 Aug. 2002, leg. Chen Chao Chun (IEBR- Myr 551). Diagnosis This species differs from its congeners in the gonopod femorite being strongly expanded distally, not cylindrically slender; postfemoral lamina l rectangular; spine z pointed tuberculiform; process h lamellar, slightly suberect, but bent upwards from midpart, serrated at distolateral part; both bases of process h and spine z clearly separated; mesal lobule of solenophore very well-developed, lamella-shaped, distinctly separated from tip of solenophore; tips of both mesal lobule and solenophore circularly emarginated. DNA For Oxidus gracilis, DNA data was collected for three genes (mitochondrial COI gene, nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA genes), but there is no data from the mitochondrial 16S rRNA. In this study, two fragments of COI and 16S were sequenced and deposited in GenBank (see Table 1). Distribution The species is widely distributed over the world, mainly in warm temperate regions, and associated with disturbed habitats (Nguyen & Sierwald 2013). Island records for the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan: Tanega-shima, Nakano-shima, Akuseki-jima, Takara-jima, Amami-O-shima, Okinoerabu-shima, Yoron-to, Okinawa-jima, Senaga-jima, Miyagi-jima, Iheya-jima, Izena-jima, Ie-jima, Kudaka-jima, Tsuken-jima, Yakabi-jima, Tokashiki-jima, Tonaki-jima, Aguni-jima, Kume-jima, Miyako-jima, Ikemajima, Ishigaki-jima, Iriomote-jima, Kohama-jima, Taketomi-jima, Aragusuku-jima, Hateruma-jima, Yonaguni-jima, Minami-Daito-jima., Published as part of Anh D. Nguyen, Zolt��n Kors��s, Kuem-Hee Jang & Ui-Wook Hwang, 2017, A revision and phylogenetic analysis of the millipede genus Oxidus Cook, 1911 (Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae), pp. 1-22 in European Journal of Taxonomy 293 on pages 6-8, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.293, http://zenodo.org/record/889857, {"references":["Koch C. L. 1847. System der Myriapoden mit den Verzeichnissen und Berichtigungen zu Deutschlands Crustaceen, Myriapoden und Arachniden. In: Panzer G. W. F. & Herrich-Schaffer A. (eds) Kritische Revision der Insectenfauna Deutschlands, III: 1 - 196. Bandchen, Regensburg.","Koch C. L. 1863. Die Myriapoden 2. Getreu nach der Natur abgebildet und beschrieben. Druck und Verlag von H. W. Schmidt, Halle.","Cook O. F. 1911. The hothouse milliped as a new genus. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 40 (1842): 625 - 631.","Jeekel C. A. W. 1963 a. Diplopoda of Guiana. Studies on the Fauna of Suriname and other Guyanas 4 (11): 1 - 157.","Jeekel C. A. W. 1968. On the Classifcation and Geographical Distribution of the Family Paradoxosomatidae (Diplopoda, Polydesmida). PhD Thesis, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.","Nguyen A. D. & Sierwald P. 2013. A worldwide catalog of the family Paradoxosomatidae Daday, 1889 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida). CheckList 9: 1132 - 1353.","Attems C. 1914. Die indo-australischen Myriopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 80 A (4): 1 - 398."]}

Pterygostegia anops Murakami & Kawasawa, 1976 Pterygostegia anops Murakami & Kawasawa 1976: 115 ���118, fig. 3. Diplopmaragna anops��� Shear 1990: 38. Pterygostegia anops��� Mikhaljova 2000: 176. Distribution. Japan (Shikoku Island: Ehim�� Prefecture, the boundary between Ehim�� and K��chi prefectures). Remarks. The species was originally described in Pterygostegia (Murakami & Kawasawa 1976), later transferred first to the genus Diplomaragna (Shear 1990), then it was returned to Pterygostegia (Mikhaljova 2000). This species is only known from its terra typica, i.e. Ehim�� Prefecture and the boundary between Ehim�� and K��chi prefectures, Japan. This cave inhabitant is the only species of the genus devoid of eyes., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V. & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2015, Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae of Japan, with description of a new species and the restoration of the combination Diplomaragna hokkaidensis (Verhoeff, 1939) (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnidae), pp. 569-576 in Zootaxa 3914 (5) on page 571, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/243277, {"references":["Murakami, Y. & Kawasawa, T. (1976) The cave millipeds of the genus Pterygostegia (Diplopoda, Diplomaragnidae). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Series A (Zoology), 2 (2), 109 - 122.","Shear, W. A. (1990) On the Central and East Asian milliped family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnoidea). American Museum Novitates, 2977, 1 - 40.","Mikhaljova, E. V. (2000) (for 1999) Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 8 (3), 153 - 181."]}

Tokyosoma inflatum (Verhoeff, 1942) Niponiothauma inflatum Verhoeff 1942: 205 ���206, figs 1���6. Niponiothauma inflatum ��� Miyosi 1959: 53, 128, pl. 12: figs 176 ��� 176 ''. Diplopmaragna inflata��� Shear 1990: 36. Tokyosoma inflatum��� Mikhaljova 2000: 178. Distribution. Japan (Kuringawa; Kyushu Island: Kumamoto Prefecture). Remarks. The species was originally described in Niponiothauma (Verhoeff 1942), later transferred to the genus Diplomaragna (Shear 1990), then to the genus Tokyosoma (Mikhaljova 2000). This species was described from Kuringawa, Japan. Shear (1990), however, suggested that this type locality is incorrect because it is impossible to find any information on that location on maps, and that T. inflatum originates from Kyushu Island where (in Kumamoto Prefecture) the additional specimens have been found., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V. & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2015, Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae of Japan, with description of a new species and the restoration of the combination Diplomaragna hokkaidensis (Verhoeff, 1939) (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnidae), pp. 569-576 in Zootaxa 3914 (5) on page 574, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/243277, {"references":["Verhoeff, K. W. (1942) Ascospermophoren aus Japan und uber neue japanische Diplopoden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 137, 201 - 217.","Miyosi, Y. (1959) Uber japanische Diplopoden. Arachnological Society of East Asia, Osaka, 223 pp. [in Japanese, with German summary]","Shear, W. A. (1990) On the Central and East Asian milliped family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnoidea). American Museum Novitates, 2977, 1 - 40.","Mikhaljova, E. V. (2000) (for 1999) Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 8 (3), 153 - 181."]}

Pterygostegia obliqua Murakami & Kawasawa, 1975 Pterygostegia obliqua Murakami & Kawasawa 1975: 192 ���195, fig. 1. Pterygostegia obliqua��� Murakami & Kawasawa 1976: 115; Mikhaljova 2000: 176. Diplopmaragna obliqua��� Shear 1990: 38. Distribution. Japan (Shikoku Island: K��chi Prefecture). Remarks. The species was originally described in Pterygostegia from caves of K��chi Prefecture, Shikoku Island, Japan (Murakami & Kawasawa 1975), later transferred to the genus Diplomaragna (Shear 1990), and then it was returned to Pterygostegia (Mikhaljova 2000). This cave inhabitant is only known from its terra typica., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V. & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2015, Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae of Japan, with description of a new species and the restoration of the combination Diplomaragna hokkaidensis (Verhoeff, 1939) (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnidae), pp. 569-576 in Zootaxa 3914 (5) on page 571, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/243277, {"references":["Murakami, Y. & Kawasawa, T. (1975) Two new cave millipeds from Kochi Prefecture, Southwest Japan. Annotationes zoologicae Japonenses, 48 (3), 191 - 197.","Murakami, Y. & Kawasawa, T. (1976) The cave millipeds of the genus Pterygostegia (Diplopoda, Diplomaragnidae). Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Series A (Zoology), 2 (2), 109 - 122.","Mikhaljova, E. V. (2000) (for 1999) Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 8 (3), 153 - 181.","Shear, W. A. (1990) On the Central and East Asian milliped family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnoidea). American Museum Novitates, 2977, 1 - 40."]}

Tokyosoma takakuwai Verhoeff, 1929 Tokyosoma takakuwai Verhoeff 1929: 1481; Verhoeff 1932: 515, pl. 6: figs 41���44. Tokyosoma takakuwai��� Takakuwa 1954: 129: figs 147���148; Miyosi 1958: 181; Miyosi 1959: 32, 53, 127, pl. 12: figs 175 ��� 175 '; Murakami 1971: 323 ���326, 325: fig. 6; Shinohara 1979: 33; Mikhaljova 2000: 178: figs 67���73. Diplopmaragna takakuwai ��� Shear 1990: 36; Nishikawa & Murakami 1991: 300. Distribution. Japan (islands: Shikoku: Ehim�� Prefecture; Honshu: Shiman��, Yamaguchi, Hyogo, Osaka, Kyoto, Shiga, Wakayama, Nara, Mie, Fukui, Nagano, Tokyo prefectures; Kyushu: Oita Prefecture; Hokkaido: Hiyama Sub-prefecture, Shiribeshi Sub-prefecture). Remarks. The species was originally described in Tokyosoma (Verhoeff 1929), later transferred to the genus Diplomaragna (Shear 1990), and then it was returned to Tokyosoma again (Mikhaljova 2000). Type locality of the species is in the vicinity of Imabari, Ehim�� Prefecture, Japan (see Murakami 1971)., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V. & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2015, Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae of Japan, with description of a new species and the restoration of the combination Diplomaragna hokkaidensis (Verhoeff, 1939) (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnidae), pp. 569-576 in Zootaxa 3914 (5) on page 574, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/243277, {"references":["Verhoeff, K. W. (1929) Diplopoda. In: Bronn, Klassen und Ordnungen des Tierreichs, 5 (1 - 13), Leipzig, pp. 1 - 2084.","Verhoeff, K. W. (1932) Diplopoden-Beitrage (124 Diplopoden-Aufsatz). Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 62, 469 - 524.","Takakuwa, Y. (1954) Diplopoden aus Japan und ihn angrenzenden Gebieten. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 241 pp.","Miyosi, Y. (1958) Beitrage zur Kenntnis japanischer Myriopoden 24. Aufsatz: Uber eine neue Gattung von Diplopoda. Zoological Magazine, 67 (6), 180 - 183.","Miyosi, Y. (1959) Uber japanische Diplopoden. Arachnological Society of East Asia, Osaka, 223 pp. [in Japanese, with German summary]","Murakami, Y. (1971) The fauna of the insular lava caves in West Japan X. Myriapoda. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, 14 (3), 311 - 332.","Shinohara, K. (1979) Myriapoda from the garden of Imperial Palace. Edaphologia, 19, 31 - 34. [in Japanese, English summary]","Mikhaljova, E. V. (2000) (for 1999) Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 8 (3), 153 - 181.","Shear, W. A. (1990) On the Central and East Asian milliped family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnoidea). American Museum Novitates, 2977, 1 - 40.","Nishikawa, Y. & Murakami, Y. (1991) Distributional records on Japanese millipedes (I). Faculty of Letters Review Otemon Gakuin University, 291 - 313. [in Japanese]"]}

Diplomaragna gracilipes (Verhoeff, 1914) Syntelopodeuma gracilipes Verhoeff 1914: 360 ���369, figs 10���14. Syntelopodeuma gracilipes��� Takakuwa 1954: 125 ���126, figs 142���144; Miyosi 1959: 53, 126, 219, pl. 12: figs 173, 173 '. Diplomaragna gracilipes ��� Shear 1990: 31 ���32, figs 83���87; 1999: 12; Mikhaljova 2000: 174. Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido Island),? Korea,? Taiwan. Remarks. The species was originally described in Syntelopodeuma from Hokkaido Island, Japan (Verhoeff 1914), and later transferred to the genus Diplomaragna (Shear 1990). The records of this species in Korea (Takakuwa & Takashima 1944, Takakuwa 1954) and in Taiwan (Wang 1958) seem dubious because of the geographic distances between the type locality and these records. More information on this can be found in the publication by Shear (1999)., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V. & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2015, Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae of Japan, with description of a new species and the restoration of the combination Diplomaragna hokkaidensis (Verhoeff, 1939) (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnidae), pp. 569-576 in Zootaxa 3914 (5) on page 570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/243277, {"references":["Verhoeff, K. W. (1914) Ascospermophora aus Japan (Uber Diplopoden 69. Aufsatz). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 43, 342 - 370.","Takakuwa, Y. (1954) Diplopoden aus Japan und ihn angrenzenden Gebieten. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 241 pp.","Miyosi, Y. (1959) Uber japanische Diplopoden. Arachnological Society of East Asia, Osaka, 223 pp. [in Japanese, with German summary]","Shear, W. A. (1990) On the Central and East Asian milliped family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnoidea). American Museum Novitates, 2977, 1 - 40.","Mikhaljova, E. V. (2000) (for 1999) Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 8 (3), 153 - 181.","Takakuwa, Y. & Takashima, H. (1944) Chilopods and diplopods known from Korea. Part II. Acta Arachnologica, 9 (1 / 2), 22 - 32. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 9.22","Wang, Y. H. M. (1958) Serica 1 i: On Diplopoda from Taiwan with a new strongylosomids. Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 11 (3 - 4), 340 - 344.","Shear, W. A. (1999) The milliped genus Diplomaragna confirmed for Taiwan, with the description of a new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnidae). Myriapodologica, 6 (2), 11 - 18."]}

Tokyosoma flexuosum sp. n. Figs 1���4, Map. Material examined. Holotype: 1 male (HNHM), Japan, Central Ryukyus, Okinawa Island, Katsuren Peninsula, next to White Beach, secondary forest, 26 �� 18 ��� 43 ��� N, 127 �� 53 ��� 59 ��� E, 60 m, 22 October 2010, leg. Z. Kors��s. Diagnosis. Differs from congeners mainly by the sinuous shape of the lateral coxal branch of the posterior gonopod, by the form of the posterior gonopod colpocoxite, which carries a lateral large spinous process, as well as in a flattened, concave, setose process of the coxa of male leg 10. Description. Male (Fig. 1). Length about 15 mm, width with paraterga about 1.5 mm. Coloration in alcohol pale grayish, with broad dark brown band along axial line. Paraterga light brown ventrally. Venter and lower portion of pleura pale. Collum, genae pale. Anterior portion of head light brown. Legs with marbled brown distal parts. Ocellaria black. Antennae dark brown. Body with 31 or 32 segments. The specimen is broken, thus it is impossible to accurately count the number of body segments, but it is most likely the true number is 32. Head covered with both relatively long and short setae. Eye patches composed of at least 24���26 ocelli. Collum semi-circular. Body width gradually increasing until somite 7, parallel-sided on somites 8���20 (21), thereafter gradually tapering. Beginning from somite 2, paraterga normally developed, rounded, increasingly less distinct towards hind part of body, strongly reduced on somite 27, absent from somites 28���31. Metazonital macrochaetae in a transverse row on somites 30���31, like an elongate (to different degrees) triangle on preceding somites. Macrochaetae in anterior and hindmost parts of body relatively long, pointed apically, but in middle and posterior parts of body short (excluding caudolateral macrochaetae) and blunt. Anterolateral macrochaetae in posterior part of body clubbed. Metazonites with two very low longitudinal projections placed along axial suture on each side and with a diagonally positioned projection on each paratergite. Leg pairs 3���7 not enlarged. Legs 3���5 without tarsal papillae. Legs 6���7 with a small group of funnel-shaped tarsal papillae apically near claw. Claws of pregonopodal legs at base dorsally with two small additional claws, and ventrally with a filament. Postgonopodal legs (including leg pairs 10 and 11) without tarsal papillae. Claws of postgonopodal legs (including leg pairs 10 and 11) at base dorsally with two small additional claws and ventrally with a long filament. Legs 10 and 11 with coxal glands. Coxa 10 caudoventrally with a flattened concave setose process (p) with an anteriad curved apex (Fig. 2). Trochanter 10 with a tiny ventral outgrowth setose apically. Coxa 11 with low ventral prominence. Trochanter 11 with a caudal setose process rounded apically. Anterior gonopod telopodite 1 -segmented, flagelliform, beset with cuticular spinules, its distal part positioned inside sheaths with elevated edges (Fig. 3). Telopodite base and distal part of coxosternum tightly attached to adjacent mesal portion of posterior gonopod. Posterior gonopod colpocoxites fused sub-basally. Colpocoxites distally with short processes (c) and, laterally, with large flat spinous processes (sp). Mesal sheath processes of posterior gonopod colpocoxites fused medially into a single cup-shaped low structure (ms) covered with pointed spinules. Lateral sheath processes of colpocoxites (lp) cup-shaped, low, carrying pointed spinules caudally. Posterior gonopod angiocoxite with a subconical globule, but without process in posterior view. Posterior gonopod coxal part with a long lateral flat branch (lb) curved mesally, laterally and mesally. Basal part of this branch fused with both colpocoxite and anterior angiocoxite. Angiocoxite depressed centrally in anterior view (Fig. 4), supplied with a long process (ap); distal portion of this process penetrating colpocoxite. Posterior gonopod telopodite 2 -segmented; femur short and thin. Female unknown. Name. The specific epithet refers to the sinuous lateral coxal branch of the posterior gonopod. Remarks. Tokyosoma flexuosum sp. n. is the first record of the family Diplomaragnidae on the entire Ryukyu Archipelago. Up to now, only one chordeumatid species, Nipponothrix yuwandake Shear & Tanabe, 1994, belonging to the family Metopidiotrichidae, was known from Amami-o-shima Island, Central Ryukyus (Nakamura & Kors��s 2010)., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V. & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2015, Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae of Japan, with description of a new species and the restoration of the combination Diplomaragna hokkaidensis (Verhoeff, 1939) (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnidae), pp. 569-576 in Zootaxa 3914 (5) on pages 571-574, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/243277, {"references":["Nakamura, Y. & Korsos, Z. (2010) Distribution and diversity of millipedes of the Ryukyu Archipelago, with the Senkaku and Daito Island Groups: A literature review (Arthropoda: Diplopoda). Acta Arachnologica, 59 (2), 73 - 86. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 59.73"]}

Diplomaragna tsurusakii Shear, 1990 Diplomaragna tsurusakii Shear 1990: 30 ���32, figs 79���82. Diplomaragna tsurusakii ��� Mikhaljova 2000: 175. Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido Island: Ishikari Sub-prefecture). Remarks. The species is only known from the original description from Hokkaido Island (Sapporo), Japan., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V. & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2015, Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae of Japan, with description of a new species and the restoration of the combination Diplomaragna hokkaidensis (Verhoeff, 1939) (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnidae), pp. 569-576 in Zootaxa 3914 (5) on page 570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3914.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/243277, {"references":["Shear, W. A. (1990) On the Central and East Asian milliped family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Diplomaragnoidea). American Museum Novitates, 2977, 1 - 40.","Mikhaljova, E. V. (2000) (for 1999) Review of the millipede family Diplomaragnidae (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida). Arthropoda Selecta, 8 (3), 153 - 181."]}

Amastigogonus Br��lemann, 1913 fossuliger Verhoeff, 1944 (pp. 43���44, Figs 6���8): Tasmania hardyi (Chamberlin, 1920): Tasmania (from Euethogonus hardyi, = A. nichollsii Verhoeff, 1944: Hoffman 1972: pp. 204���205, Figs 6���8) tasmanianus Br��lemann, 1913 (p. 153, Figs 32���37): Tasmania verreauxii (Gervais, 1847) (pp. 175���176): Tasmania (from Iulus verreauxi: Mauri��s et al. 2001: p. 585, Fig. 3) Apocoptogonus Jeekel, 2006 a fimbriatus Jeekel, 2006 a (pp. 71���72, Figs 7���8): New South Wales, Australia penicillatus Jeekel, 2006 a (pp. 68���71, Figs 1���6): New South Wales, Australia Atelomastix Attems, 1911 albanyensis Attems, 1911 (pp. 194���195, Figs 73���80): Western Australia (Edward & Harvey 2010: pp. 9���10, Figs 6, 48, 75, 76) anancita Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 10���11, Figs 49, 77, 78): Western Australia attemsi Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 11���12, Figs 50, 79, 80): Western Australia bamfordi Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 12���13, Figs 51, 81���82): Western Australia brennani Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 13��� 14, Figs 52, 83���84): Western Australia culleni Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 14���15, Figs 53, 85���86): Western Australia danksi Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 15���16, Figs 34���37, 54, 87���88): Western Australia dendritica Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 16���17, Figs 55, 89���91): Western Australia ellenae Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 17���18, Figs 56, 92���93): Western Australia flavognatha Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 18���19, Figs 57, 94���97): Western Australia francesae Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 19���21, Figs 58, 98���99): Western Australia gibsoni Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 21���22, Figs 59, 100���101): Western Australia grandis Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 22���23, Figs 60, 102���103): Western Australia juliannae Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 23���24, Figs 61, 104���105): Western Australia lengae Edward & Harvey, 2010 (p. 24, Figs 62, 106���107): Western Australia longbottomi Edward & Harvey, 2010 (p. 25, Figs 63, 108���109): Western Australia mainae Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 25���26, Figs 64, 110���111): Western Australia melindae Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 26���27, Figs 65, 112���113): Western Australia montana Edward & Harvey, 2010 (p. 28, Figs 1, 66, 114���115): Western Australia nigrescens Attems, 1911 (p. 195, Figs 81���84): Western Australia (Edward & Harvey 2010: (p. 29, Figs 10 ���22, 67, 116���119) poustiei Edward & Harvey, 2010 (p. 30, Figs 68, 120���121): Western Australia priona Edward & Harvey, 2010 (p. 31, Figs 69, 122���124): Western Australia psittacina Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 31���33, Figs 70, 125���127): Western Australia rubricephala Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 33���34, Figs 2, 23���33, 71, 128���129): Western Australia sarahae Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 34���35, Figs 72, 130���131): Western Australia solitaria Jeekel, 2009 (pp. 31���34, Figs 1���5): Victoria, Australia tigrina Edward & Harvey, 2010 (pp. 35���36, Figs 3, 73, 132���135): Western Australia tumula Edward & Harvey, 2010 (p. 37, Figs 74, 135���136): Western Australia Dimerogonus Attems, 1903 orophilus Attems, 1903 (p. 84, Pl. 7, Figs 1���6): New South Wales, South Australia? Dinocambala Attems, 1911 ingens Attems, 1911 (p. 190, Figs 66���72): Western Australia Eumastigonus Chamberlin, 1920 ater (Chamberlin, 1920): New Zealand (from Dimerogonus ater: Mauri��s 1983, p. 256) distinctior Chamberlin, 1920: New Zealand (Hoffman 1972: pp. 202���204, Figs 1���5; Mauri��s 1983: pp. 258���259, Fig. 23; Kors��s & Johns 2009: pp. 10���12, Figs 16���17, 23) hallelujah Kors��s & Johns, 2009 (pp. 12���14, Figs 25, 27���32): New Zealand hemmingseni Mauri��s, 1983 (pp. 259���261, Figs 24���26): New Zealand (Kors��s & Johns 2009, p. 12, Figs 18���21, 24) insulanus (Attems, 1903): New Zealand (from Dimerogonus insulanus: Hoffman 1972, = Dimerogonus kaorinus Chamberlin, 1920: Hoffman 1972: pp. 201���202; Mauri��s 1983: pp. 256���258, Figs 11 ���18; = Eumastigonus fasciatus Chamberlin, 1920: Mauri��s 1983: p. 258, Figs 19���22) kaorinus Chamberlin, 1920 (p. 162): New Zealand (Kors��s & Johns 2009: pp. 8���10, Figs 4���15, 22) maior Chamberlin, 1920: New Zealand parvus Chamberlin, 1920: New Zealand waitahae Kors��s & Johns, 2009 (pp. 14���23, Figs 26, 33���49): New Zealand Iulomorpha Porat, 1872 asuturalis Schubart, 1966 (p. 186, Figs 176���180): South Africa celer Attems, 1928 (p. 319, Figs 251���253): South Africa cicur Attems, 1928 (p. 320, Figs 247���250): South Africa compacta Schubart, 1966 (p. 178, Figs 159���162): South Africa dutoiti Schubart, 1966 (p. 175, Figs 154���158): South Africa fortis Attems, 1928 (p. 317, Figs 239���242): South Africa hilaris Attems, 1928 (p. 317, Figs 254���255): South Africa ignava Attems, 1928 (pp. 317���318, Figs 265���268): South Africa kinbergi Porat, 1872 (pp. 13���14, Pl. 4, Figs 3���8): South Africa (= schultzei Attems, 1909: Attems 1928: pp. 315���316, Figs 236���238; Schubart 1966: p. 180, Figs 163���173) montana Schubart, 1966 (p. 188, Figs 181���186): South Africa pallida (Attems, 1928) (pp. 321���322, Figs 495���497): South Africa (from Hypochlorella pallida: Jeekel 1971) rudis Attems, 1928 (p. 321, Figs 272���274): South Africa tarda Attems, 1928 (p. 320, Figs 256���259): South Africa tristis Attems, 1928 (pp. 319���320, Figs 269���271): South Africa Merioproscelum Verhoeff, 1924 penicilligerum Verhoeff, 1924 (pp. 88���90, Figs 41, 44���49): Queensland, Australia Podykipus Attems, 1911 affinis Verhoeff, 1924 (pp. 91���93, Figs 43, 60���62): Western Australia collinus Attems, 1911 (p. 184, Figs 51���57): Western Australia leptoiuloides Attems, 1911 (p. 186, Figs 58���65): Western Australia Proscelomerion Verhoeff, 1924 serratum Verhoeff, 1924 (p. 90���91, Figs 42, 50���54): Queensland, Australia, Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n & Read, Helen J., 2012, Redescription of Zinagon chilensis (Silvestri, 1903) from Chile, with a species list of Iulomorphidae from the Southern Hemisphere (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Epinannolenidea), pp. 39-48 in Zootaxa 3493 on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282448, {"references":["Brolemann, H. W. (1913) The Myriapoda in the Australian Museum. Part 2: The Diplopoda. Records of the Australian Museum, 10, 77 - 158.","Verhoeff, K. W. (1944) Zur Kenntnis der Cambaliden und uber einige neue australische Formen derselben. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 145, 27 - 45.","Chamberlin, R. V. (1920) The Myriapoda of the Australian region. Bulletin Museum Comparative Zoology, Harvard, 64, 1 - 269.","Hoffman, R. L. (1972) On the identity of three genera of cambaloid millipeds from the Australian region (Spirostreptida). Psyche, Cambridge, USA 79 (3), 200 - 208.","Gervais, P. (1847) Myriapodes. In: Walckenaer, C. A. (Ed.) Histoire naturelle des insectes Apteres. Vol. 4, 1 - 623.","Mauries J. - P., Golovatch, S. I. & Hoffman, R. L. (2001) On type material and identity of several Iulus species described by Paul Gervais, in the collection of the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Spirobolida). Zoosystema, 23 (3), 579 - 589.","Jeekel, C. A. W. (2006 a) Millipedes from Australia, 17: A new genus and two new species of Cambalidae from New South Wales (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida). Myriapod Memoranda, 8, 65 - 73.","Attems, C. (1911) Myriopoda exkl. Scolopendridae. In Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna Sudwest- Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger sudwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 3 (6), 145 - 204.","Edward, K. L. & Harvey, M. S. (2010) A review of the Australian millipede genus Atelomastix (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Iulomorphidae). Zootaxa, 2371, 1 - 63.","Jeekel, C. A. W. (2009) Millipedes from Australia, 24: Iulomorphidae from Victoria, with the description of two new species (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida). Myriapod Memoranda, 11, 31 - 41.","Attems, C. (1903) Beitrage zur Myriopodenkunde. II. Reisebeute der Herren Dr. Michaelsen, Dr. Plate, Dr. Burger und Dr. Schauinsland. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 18 (1), 79 - 92.","Mauries, J. - P. (1983) Cambalides nouveaux et peu connus d'Asie, d'Amerique et d'Oceanie. I. Cambalidae et Cambalopsidae (Myriapoda, Diplopoda). Bulletin du Museum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, 4 e serie, Section A, Zoologie, 5 (1), 247 - 276.","Korsos, Z. & Johns, P. M. (2009) Introduction to the taxonomy of Iulomorphidae of New Zealand, with description of two new species of Eumastigonus Chamberlin, 1920 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Epinannolenidea). Zootaxa, 2065, 1 - 24.","Porat, C. O. (1872) Myriopoda Africae australis, in Museo Regio Holmiensi asservata. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps- Akademiens Forhandlingar, Stockholm 29 (5), 3 - 46.","Schubart, O. (1966) Diplopoda III: Pselaphognatha, Opisthospermophora, Colobognatha. In: Hanstrom, B. & Brinck, P. (Eds.), South African animal life. Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951. Swedish Natural Science Research Council, Stockholm 12, 9 - 227.","Attems, C. (1928) The Myriopoda of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 26, 1 - 431.","Attems, C. (1909) Die Myriopoden der Vega-Expedition. Arkiv for Zoologi, 5 (3), 1 - 84.","Jeekel, C. A. W. (1971) Nomenclator generum et familiarum Diplopodorum: A list of the genus and family-group names in the class Diplopoda from the 10 th edition of Linnaeus, 1758, to the end of 1957. Monografieen van de Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging, 5, 1 - 412.","Verhoeff, K. W. (1924) Results of Dr E. Mjoberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia, 1910 - 1913. 34. Myriapoda: Diplopoda. Arkiv for Zoologi, 16 (5), 1 - 142."]}

Samichus Attems, 1911 attemsii Verhoeff, 1944 (pp. 44���45, Figs 13 ���19): Western Australia decoratus Attems, 1911 (p. 198, Figs 85���91): Western Australia Stenjulomorpha Schubart, 1966 (was considered as a subgenus of Iulomorpha by Jeekel 1971, 2004, but as a full genus by Hamer 1998, and Shelley et al. 2000) concors (Attems, 1928) (p. 318, Figs 260���264): South Africa (from Iulomorpha concors: Schubart 1966) rixosa (Attems, 1928) (p. 318���319, Figs 243���246): South Africa (from Iulomorpha rixosa: Schubart 1966) panda Schubart, 1966 (p. 192, Figs 187���190): South Africa penicillata Schubart, 1966 (p. 194, Figs 191���194): South Africa Thaumaceratopus Verhoeff, 1924 cervinus Verhoeff, 1924 (pp. 86���87, Figs 40, 55���58): Queensland, Australia elongatus Verhoeff, 1924 (pp. 87���88, Fig. 59): Queensland, Australia Victoriocambala Verhoeff, 1944 bidentata Jeekel, 2009 (pp. 35���38, Figs 6���9): Victoria, Australia buffalensis Verhoeff, 1944 (pp. 42���43, Figs 9���12): Victoria, Australia (Jeekel 2009: pp. 38���40, Figs 10���13) Zinagon Chamberlin, 1957 chilensis (Silvestri, 1903): Chile (from Iulomorpha chinensis: Jeekel 2004, = Nannolene nigrescens Attems, 1903: Silvestri 1904, 1905, Chamberlin 1957, = Dimerogonus chilensis: Silvestri 1904, 1905, = Zinagon osorno Chamberlin, 1957 syn. n.), Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n & Read, Helen J., 2012, Redescription of Zinagon chilensis (Silvestri, 1903) from Chile, with a species list of Iulomorphidae from the Southern Hemisphere (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Epinannolenidea), pp. 39-48 in Zootaxa 3493 on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282448, {"references":["Attems, C. (1911) Myriopoda exkl. Scolopendridae. In Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna Sudwest- Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger sudwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 3 (6), 145 - 204.","Verhoeff, K. W. (1944) Zur Kenntnis der Cambaliden und uber einige neue australische Formen derselben. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 145, 27 - 45.","Schubart, O. (1966) Diplopoda III: Pselaphognatha, Opisthospermophora, Colobognatha. In: Hanstrom, B. & Brinck, P. (Eds.), South African animal life. Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951. Swedish Natural Science Research Council, Stockholm 12, 9 - 227.","Jeekel, C. A. W. (1971) Nomenclator generum et familiarum Diplopodorum: A list of the genus and family-group names in the class Diplopoda from the 10 th edition of Linnaeus, 1758, to the end of 1957. Monografieen van de Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging, 5, 1 - 412.","Jeekel, C. A. W. (2004) A bibliographic catalogue of the \" Cambaloidea \" (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida). Myriapod Memoranda, 7, 43 - 109.","Hamer, M. L. (1998) A checklist of the Southern African millipedes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda). Annals of the Natal Museum, 39, 11 - 82.","Attems, C. (1928) The Myriopoda of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 26, 1 - 431.","Verhoeff, K. W. (1924) Results of Dr E. Mjoberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia, 1910 - 1913. 34. Myriapoda: Diplopoda. Arkiv for Zoologi, 16 (5), 1 - 142.","Jeekel, C. A. W. (2009) Millipedes from Australia, 24: Iulomorphidae from Victoria, with the description of two new species (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida). Myriapod Memoranda, 11, 31 - 41.","Chamberlin, R. V. (1957) The Diplopoda of the Lund University and California Academy of Sciences expeditions. Lunds Universitets Arsskrift, Ny Foljd, 53 (8), 1 - 44.","Silvestri, F. (1903) Note diplopodologiche. Bollettino del musei di zoologia e di anatomia comparata della Reale Universita di Torino, 18 (433), 1 - 21.","Attems, C. (1903) Beitrage zur Myriopodenkunde. II. Reisebeute der Herren Dr. Michaelsen, Dr. Plate, Dr. Burger und Dr. Schauinsland. Zoologischer Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, 18 (1), 79 - 92.","Silvestri, F. (1904) Myriopoda. Fauna Hawaiensis, 3, 323 - 338.","Silvestri, F. (1905) Myriapoda. Fauna Chilensis. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, Supplementum, 6 (3), 716 - 772."]}

Megaphyllum projectum projectum Verhoeff, 1894 Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff, 1894 c: 323 ���324, no figures. Brachyiulus austriacus Latz. ssp. projectus: Verhoeff 1896, Figs 27���28. Brachyiulus projectus: Verhoeff 1897: 111 ���112. Brachyiulus projectus var. alticolus Verhoeff, 1897: 112, Fig. III. Brachyiulus projectus alticolus: Verhoeff 1907: 303, 305, Figs 10���12. Brachyiulus projectus dioritanus Verhoeff, 1907: 303, 305, Figs 5���8. Chromatoiulus projectus projectus: Attems 1929 a: 331. Chromatoiulus projectus dioritanus: Strasser 1971 b: 345; Ceuca 1992: 424. Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) projectus: Attems 1940: 306, Fig. 6; Strasser 1966 a: 210 Brachyiulus projectus kochi Verhoeff, 1907: 302, 304, Figs 3, 9 partim. Megaphyllum projectum: Hoffman 1980: 104; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Distribution in the Balkans. Slovenia: Lower Carniolan (Dolenjska) hillside and Gorjanci Mt. (Strasser 1966 a). World distribution. This subspecies can be found in Austria (type locality in Graz) (Schm��lzer��� Falkenberg 1975), North Croatia (Attems 1929 a), Germany (Reip & Lindner 2007), Hungary (Loksa 1984), Romania (Crişan 1999), Slovakia (Mock 2001). Remarks. Nominotypical subspecies of Megaphyllum projectum, the type species of the genus. Its taxonomic status was recently clarified by Laz��nyi & Kors��s (2011)., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1894 c) Beitrage zur Anatomie und Systematik der Iuliden. Verhandlungen der zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 44, 137 - 162.","Verhoeff, C. (1896) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. IV. Aufsatz: Uber Diplopoden Tirols, der Ostalpen und anderer Gegenden Europas, nebst vergleichend-morphologischen und biologischen Mittheilungen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 62 (3), 187 - 242.","Verhoeff, C. (1897) 1. Beitrage zur vergleichenden Morphologie, Gattungs- und Artsystematik der Diplopoden, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung derjenigen Siebenburgens. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 20, 97 - 125.","Verhoeff, C. (1907) Uber Diplopoden 6. (26.) Aufsatz: Tausendfuβler aus Brandenburg und andere Formen aus Ostdeutschland und Osterreich - Ungarn. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 3, 291 - 337.","Attems, C. (1929 a) Die Myriopodenfauna von Albanien und Jugoslavien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 56, 269 - 356.","Strasser, K. (1971 b) Uber Diplopoden Jugoslawiens. Senckenbergiana biologica, 52 (3 / 5) 313 - 345.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Strasser, K. (1966 a) Die Diplopoden Sloweniens. Poro c ila - Acta Carsologica, 4,159 - 220.","Hoffman, R. L. (1980) Classification of the Diplopoda. Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, 237 pp.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Schmolzer - Falkenberg, U. (1975) Myriapoda, Diplopoda. Catalogus Faunae Austriae XI. b, 1 - 29.","Reip, H. S. & Lindner, E. N. (2007) Diplopoden und Chilopoden aus dem Frankenwald (Freistaat Bayern / Deutschland). - Ergebnisse einer Exkursion im Fruhjahr 2005 (Chilopoda, Diplopoda). Schubartiana, 2, 29 - 38.","Loksa, I. (1984) Ikerszelvenyesek - Diplopoda. In: Moczar, L. (Ed.), Allathatarozo. Tankonyvkiado Budapest, pp. 148 - 160.","Crisan, D. (1999) Diplopode de pe Valea Ariesului. Studia Universitatis Babe s - Bolyai, Biologia, 44 (1 - 2), 53 - 59.","Mock, A. (2001) Millipedes of the Slovak Republic. Myriapodologica Czecho - Slovaca, 1, 25 - 38.","Lazanyi, E. & Korsos, Z. (2011) Revision of the Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff species complex (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae). Zootaxa, 2864, 43 - 56."]}

Megaphyllum rossicum strandschanum (Verhoeff, 1937) Brachyiulus (Byzantorhopalum) strandschanus Verhoeff, 1937: 109. Brachyiulus strandschanus: Lang 1958: 35. Chromatoiulus (Donbrachyiulus) strandschanus: Attems 1940: 307. Chromatoiulus strandschanus: Strasser 1966 b: 330, 382. C hromatoiulus (Donbrachyiulus) rossicus strandschanus: Strasser 1969: 159���161, Figs 29���31. Chromatoiulus rossicus strandschanus: Strasser 1973: 444, 465; 1976: 617; Ceuca 1992: 425. Megaphyllum rossicum strandschanum: Stoev 2004 c: 216; Vagalinski & Stoev 2007: 51. Megaphyllum rossicum: Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. NMNH: Greece: 13, 1��, Samothraki Island, v. Paleopolis, 0���100m, 21.V. 1984, leg. P. Beron, det. J.���P. Mauri��s ��� 480 ���. Distribution in the Balkans. Bulgaria: Kardzhali, Strandzha Mts. (unspecified type locality), Tsarevo (Michurin), Southeast Bulgaria (Vagalinski & Stoev 2007); Greece: Thrace: 20km W from Alexandroupolis (Strasser 1976). World distribution. This subspecies can be found only in Bulgaria and Greece, while the nominotypical subspecies lives in Ukraine (Golovatch 1990) and Russia with the river Dnieper as a supposed western borderline (Prisnyi 2001). Remarks. It occurs from sea level to ca. 300m a.s.l. First Megaphyllum (and millipede) record on Samothraki Island, fitting well with the ���Thracian��� distribution., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1937) Uber Diplopoden aus Bulgarien, gesammelt von Dr. I. Buresch und seinen Mitarbeitern. 4. Aufsatz. Mitteilungen aus den Koniglichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Instituten in Sofia, 10, 93 - 120.","Lang, J. (1958) Diplopoda collected by Dr. M. Kunst in Bulgaria. Vestnik ceskoslovenske spolecnosti Zoologicke, 22 (1), 34 - 44.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Strasser, K. (1966 b) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici, 23 (12), 325 - 386.","Strasser, K. (1969) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens, II. Annales Zoologici, 27 (7), 133 - 168.","Strasser, K. (1973) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens, III. Annales zoologici, 30 (15), 411 - 470.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Stoev, P. (2004 c) The myriapods (Chilopoda, Diplopoda) of the Eastern Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece). In: Beron, P. & Popov, A. (Eds.) Biodiversity of Bulgaria 2. Biodiversity of eastern Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece). Pensoft & National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, pp. 207 - 220.","Vagalinski, B. & Stoev P. (2007) An annotated catalogue of the millipede order Julida (Diplopoda) in Bulgaria. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 18, 35 - 63.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Strasser, K. (1976) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands II. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 83 (3), 579 - 645.","Golovatch, S. I. (1990) On the distriburion and faunogenesis of Crimean millipedes (Diplopoda). In.: Minelli, A. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 7 th International Congress of Myriapodology, E. J. Brill, Leiden, New York, Kobenhavn, Koln, pp. 361 - 366.","Prisnyi, A. V. (2001) A review of the millipede fauna of the south of the Middle - Russian Upland, Russia (Diplopoda). Arthropoda Selecta, 10 (4), 297 - 305."]}

Megaphyllum glossulifer (Schubart, 1934) Chromatoiulus glossulifer Schubart, 1934: 45 ���46, Fig. 11. Chromatoiulus (Phauloiulus) glossulifer: Attems 1940: 307. Chromatoiulus glossulifer: Strasser 1966 b: 330, 381; 1973: 443, 459 ��� 460; Ceuca 1992: 425. Megaphyllum glossulifer: Beron 1999: 15; Deltshev et al. 2000 a: appendix 4, p. 10, appendix 5, p. 3, appendix 6, p. 2.; 2000 b: appendix 4, p. 9, appendix 5, p. 3, appendix 6, p. 5.; Vagalinski & Stoev 2007: 49; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. NMNH: Bulgaria: 333, 6����, 5 juv., Stara Planina Mts., Ribaritsa region, Vezhen Hut, spruce forest, under bark and stones, 1630m, 0 1.08. 1995, leg. P. Stoev, det. P. Stoev; 233, 5����, 1 juv., Pamporovo ski resort, 12 km N Smolyan, 1850 m a.s.l., fir forest, under bark, leg. P. Beron, 24.07. 1991, det. BV. Distribution in the Balkans. Bulgaria: Stara Planina Mts., Central Balkan National Park; Rila Mts., Musala Hut (type locality), Granchar Peak, Rila National Park (Vagalinski & Stoev 2007). World distribution. Known only from Bulgaria, from the higher parts of Rila and Stara Planina Mts. Remarks. Not a strictly alpine species but occupying subalpine and alpine habitats, known only from the highest parts of Rila, Stara Planina and Rhodopi Mts. (Beron 1999). However, individuals from these three areas show no differences either in their morphology or in gonopod details., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Schubart, O. (1934) Uber einige von Dr. Rensch in Bulgarien gesammelte Diplopoden. Mitteilungen aus den Koniglichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Instituten in Sofia, 7, 36 - 50.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Strasser, K. (1966 b) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici, 23 (12), 325 - 386.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Beron, P. (1999) Biodiversity of the high mountain terrestrial fauna in Bulgaria. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 10, 13 - 33.","Vagalinski, B. & Stoev P. (2007) An annotated catalogue of the millipede order Julida (Diplopoda) in Bulgaria. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 18, 35 - 63.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)"]}

Megaphyllum (Cyphobrachyiulus) digitatum Laz��nyi & Kors��s sp. n. Figs 69���83 Holotype (HNHM): 1 3 (in head and four parts), Greece, 2009 / 59, Arkadia county, Aroania Mts., Zarelia, spruce forest and grassland SE of the village, 1310m, N 37 �� 55.386 ��� E 22 �� 14.191 ���, 0 7.04. 2009, leg. LD, JK & DM. Diagnosis. Species of the subgenus Cyphobrachyiulus as defined by Verhoeff (1903) and Strasser (1974). It shares the following similarities with M. euphorbiarum and M. argolicum, the most similar species: having a distinct hump on the second leg-pair���s coxa and basically the same structure for the promere and opisthomere. Differs FIGURES 53���63. Megaphyllum danyii Laz��nyi & Kors��s sp. n. from Greece, the Peloponnese, Elliniko, male holotype. (53) Antenna and (54) gnathochilarium (scale bars: 0.5mm); (55) first leg-pair, anterior view (scale bar: 0.1mm); (55) telson, ventrolateral view; (57) second leg-pair, caudal view (setae omitted); penis from (58) lateral and (59) caudal views; (60) left pleurotergum of the 7 th body ring, ventro-lateral view (scale bar: 0.25mm); (61) left, anterior walking leg from the 24 th body ring (seate omitted); (62) both in situ gonopods, caudal view; (63) right in situ gonopods, mesal view (scale bars for the line drawings: 0.2mm). Abbreviations: ca: canal, cm: coarse margin on promere, f: femur, fl: flagellum, g: groove, gr: setose groove; pf: postfemur, ll: left lamella, lp: lateral process, ly: layer, r: riffle, rl: right lamella, scp: caudal process of the solenomere, t: tibia, P: promere. from M. euphorbiarum and M. argolicum by being larger (body length of adult males 29.9mm versus 21���22.3mm (M. euphorbiarum) and 22.5���25.2mm (M. argolicum) height 1.9mm versus 1.4���1.75mm (M. euphorbiarum) and 1.8mm (M. argolicum)); being darker as adult males are dark below ozopore level; having finger-like projections on the promere and having longer proximal process and longer, more curved distal process on the opisthomere. The promere is bent in the same way for M. digitatum and M. euphorbiarum versus M. argolicum as the promere of the latter is not bent along its lateral margin. Etymology. Named after a unique gonopod feature for the genus: medial margin of promere with a row of finger-like projections. Description. Measurements: adult male in stadium XI, body ring number 49 + 1 +T, length 29.9mm, height 1.9mm, ocelli R 42 +L 41. Antennal articles and gnathochilarium as shown on Figs 69 and 70. Two frontal, four supralabral and 21 labral bristles present. Colour: blackish brown with two bright dot-lines dorsally. Sculpture: collum laterally with 2���3 vague striae, metazonites densely striated, posterior margin with long setae, openings of repugnatorial glands white, immediately behind suture. Telson: anal valves full with long setae, preanal process long, pointed, setose, subanal sclae triangle, pointed, setose (Fig. 71). Male sexual characters: mandibles with protruding lobe; first leg-pair forming a simple hook with no protrusions (Fig. 72); second leg-pair with two simple pads on postfemur and tibia (pf and t on Fig 73), hump on the coxa present (c and h on Fig. 73); penis stout, apically slightly tapering, with an apical opening (o on Figs 74���76); pleurotergum on the 7 th body ring protruding like a simple shovel (Fig. 77); walking legs with three simple pads on femur, postfemur and tibia (f, pf and t on Fig. 78). Gonopods (Figs 79���83): promere (Fig. 82 and P on Figs 79���81) bent, with finger-like projections (fs on Figs 79���82) on the second third of mesal margin, basally with a short, oblique ridge (r on Fig. 81���82). Flagellum long, thin (fl on Figs 81���82); opisthomere with two apical processes, both emerging and directed caudally, reaching almost to the same height. Proximal process (p p on Figs 79���81 and 83) pointing slightly in mesal direction, distal (caudalmost) process (p d on Figs 79���81 and 83) bent anteriorly. Opisthomere is a bit shorter than promere. The opisthomere is located into a groove formed by the promere���s ridge (g on Fig. 81���82) facing it with a specially surfaced hump on the opisthomere���s anterior surface (h on Fig. 83). Females unknown. Remarks. The type locality of the holotype lays close (in a straight line) to the new collecting localites of M. euphorbiarum, but at a different elevation and in a completely different habitat. Although only one male of the new species was found, we do not consider it as an aberration of M. euphorbiarum nor of M. argolicum, because all diagnostic characters are symmetrical on both sides, involving more gonopod parts. It cannot be individual variation either, because the difference from con(sub)generic species is as remarkable as the interspecific variation., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on pages 34-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1903) Uber Diplopoden. 3. Aufsatz: Zur vergleichenden Morphologie der Juliden-Gonopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 69 (1), 183 - 196.","Strasser, K. (1974) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 81 (1), 219 - 300."]}

Megaphyllum sapphicum (Strasser, 1976) Chromatoiulus sapphicus Strasser, 1976: 618 ���619, Figs 60���62. Chromatoiulus sapphicus: Ceuca 1992: 425. Megaphyllum sapphicum: Enghoff & Kime 2009. Distribution in the Balkans. Greece: Lesvos Island, Profitis Ilias (4km S from Agiasos), 600��� 930m.; Agia Marina (type localities) (Strasser 1976). World distribution. Endemic to the island of Lesvos, Greece. Remarks. No new data available since its original description. The only Megaphyllum species on the island., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Strasser, K. (1976) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands II. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 83 (3), 579 - 645.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)"]}

Megaphyllum euphorbiarum (Verhoeff, 1900) Brachyiulus (Cyphobrachyiulus) euphorbiarum Verhoeff, 1900: 192 ���193, Figs 8���9. Chromatoiulus (Diaxylus) euphorbiarum: Attems 1940: 307. Chromatoiulus (Cyphobrachyiulus) euphorbiarum: Strasser 1967: 286; 1974: 276���277, 290. Chromatoiulus euphorbiarum: Strasser 1976: 613; Ceuca 1992: 425. Megaphyllum euphorbiarum: Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. HNHM: Greece: 233, 4����, 2009 / 58, Arkadia county, Aroania Mts., Zarelia, rocky alpine grassland and limestone rocks under Mt. Nisi, 1600m, N 37 �� 56.543 ��� E 22 �� 14.067 ���, 0 7.04. 2009, leg. LD, JK & DM. Distribution in the Balkans. Greece: Arkadia, highland in Tripoli (type locality) (Verhoeff, 1900), Peloponnese, Lake Stymphalia, W���shore (Strasser 1974). World distribution. Endemic to the Peloponnese, Greece. Remarks. Based on the original description by Verhoeff (1900) and Strasser���s (1974) report, this is the third record of the species, fitting well into its previously defined, high-altitude distribution., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1900) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. XII. Aufsatz: Ueber Diplopoden aus Griechenland. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 13 (2), 172 - 204.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Strasser, K. (1967) Uber Diplopoden Griechenlands, einiger agais - Inseln und Zyperns. Senckiana biologica, 48 (4), 269 - 293.","Strasser, K. (1976) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands II. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 83 (3), 579 - 645.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Strasser, K. (1974) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 81 (1), 219 - 300."]}

Megaphyllum dentatum (Verhoeff, 1898) Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) dentatus Verhoeff, 1898: 156, Figs 22���23. Brachyiulus dentatus: Verhoeff 1899 b: 763; 1932: 493; 1937: 117. Chromatoioulus dentatus: Attems 1927: 233, Figs 308���310; 1929 a: 331; Strasser 1966 b: 330, 381; 1971 b: 330, 345; 1971 a: 41; Mr��ić 1985: 145; 1990: 96; Ceuca 1992: 425. Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) dentatus: Attems 1959: 305. Megaphyllum dentatum: Mr��ić 1993: 40; Ćurčić & Makarov 1997: 194; Mauri��s et al. 1997: 290; Makarov et al. 2004: 260; Vagalinski & Stoev 2007: 49; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. NHMW: Inv No. 8018, 533 [gonopods of one male as slide preparation], 9 ����, 1 juv., Ljubeten, oberer Buchenwald [��ar Planina, upper beech forest], 1906.6.0 6., leg. Attems, det. Attems. Distribution in the Balkans. Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trebeviċ (type locality), Banjaluka, Miljačkatal, Igman, Jezero, Žepče, Trebeviċ at Sarajevo and Travnik (Attems 1929 a); Bulgaria: East Rumelia (former region of Bulgaria) (Attems 1929 a); Republic of Macedonia: ��ar Planina Mt.: Ceripa��in Peak, Korab, Ljuboten, Jablanica Mt., Popova ��apka (Makarov et al. 2004); Montenegro: Durmitor Mt., Bosača, Crno Jezero Lake (Makarov et al. 2004); Serbia: ��ar Planina Mt., Ljuboten, South Serbia (Makarov et al. 2004). World distribution. Not found outside the Balkan Peninsula Remarks. The only Megaphyllum s. str. species with a special projection in the upper third of the promere, much lower than in M. transsylvanicum. Otherwise its opisthomere fits well with Megaphyllum s. str., resembling M. transsylvanicum by having a very long solenomere process, but as a whole more like M. carniolense and M. montivagum., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1898) Uber Diplopoden aus Bosnien, Herzegovina und Dalmatien. IV. Theil: Julidae; V. Enthaltend: Schlussel und Stammnbaum von Leptoiulus, sowie einige andere europaische Juliden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 64 (1), 119 - 160.","Verhoeff, C. (1899 b) Diplopodenfauna von Bosnien, Hercegovina und Dalmatien. Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen aus Bosnien und der Hercegovina, 6, 746 - 766.","Attems, C. (1927) Uber palaearktische Diplopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 92 (1 - 2), 1 - 256.","Strasser, K. (1966 b) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici, 23 (12), 325 - 386.","Mrsic, N. (1985) Contribution to the knowledge of Diplopods (Myriapoda) of Serbia. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgrade, Serie B, Sciences biologiques, 40, 143 - 168.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Attems, C. (1959) Die Myriopoden der Hohlen der Balkanhalbinsel. Nach dem Material der \" Biospeologica balcanica \". Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 63, 281 - 406.","Mrsic, N. (1993) The fauna of diplopods (Diplopoda) of Macedonia. Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti Razprave, 34, 19 - 44.","Curcic, B. P. M. & Makarov, S. E. (1997) Diversification and biogeographic features of millipedes in Serbia, Yugoslavia (Diplopoda). In: Enghoff, H. (Ed.) Many-legged animals - A collection of papers on Myriapoda and Onychophora, Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 51, pp. 191 - 198.","Mauries, J - P., Golovatch, S. I. & Stoev, P. (1997) The millipedes of Albania: recent data, new taxa; systematical, nomenclatural and faunistical review (Myiapoda, Diplopoda). Zoosystema, 19 (2 - 3), 255 - 292.","Makarov, S. E., Curcic, B. P. M., Tomic, V. T. & Legakis, A. (2004) The Diplopods of Serbia, Montenegro, and the Republic of Macedonia. Geokarta, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro, 440 pp.","Vagalinski, B. & Stoev P. (2007) An annotated catalogue of the millipede order Julida (Diplopoda) in Bulgaria. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 18, 35 - 63.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Attems, C. (1929 a) Die Myriopodenfauna von Albanien und Jugoslavien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 56, 269 - 356."]}

Megaphyllum hercules (Verhoeff, 1900) Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) unilineatus hercules Verhoeff, 1901 a: 97 ���98, Figs 18���20. Brachyiulus unilineatus hercules: Verhoeff 1932: 493; 1937: 107���108. Chromatoiulus unilineatus hercules: Attems 1927: 225 ���226, Figs 291���293; 1929 a: 332; Strasser 1966 b: 358 ���359, 381. Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) unilineatus hercules: Attems 1959: 305. Chromatoiulus hercules: Strasser 1967: 285; 1971 b: 345; 1974: 269 and 290; 1976: 608; Ceuca 1992: 425. Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) hercules: Strasser 1969: 159. Megaphyllum hercules: Golovatch 1992: 23; Golovatch & Kondeva 1992: 23; Mr��ić 1993: 40; Mauri��s et al. 1997: 277, 290; Ćurčić et al. 1999: 18 P; Deltshev et al. 2000 a: appendix 5, p. 3.; Stoev 2001: 105; 2003: 136; Stoev 2004 c: 215; Makarov et al. 2004: 261; Vagalinski & Stoev 2007: 49 ��� 50; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. MNB: ZSM: 12980: gonopods, 1 st and 2 nd leg-pair, syntype, slide preparation (Nr. 1258 Coll. Verhoeff), Karpenisi, Thessalien, 23.5. 1900., leg. Apfelbeck; HNHM: Bulgaria: 13, 2���� around Melnik, Nov. 1984., leg. L. Ronkay & Z. Kors��s; Greece: 233, 3����, 2007 / 31, Drama county, west Rodopi Mts., rocks above the Arkoudorema River, S of Prasinada, 181m, N 41 �� 18.584 ��� E 24 �� 30.396 ���, 0 1.04. 2007, leg. LD, ZE, ZF, JK & DM; 13, 2007/ 34, Kavala county, Lekanis Mts., rock mine 4km N of Zarkadia, 230m, N 41 ��02.109��� E 24 �� 37.941 ���, 0 2.04. 2007, leg. LD, ZE, ZF, JK & DM; 233 DL112, 2006/ 102, Ioannina county, Votonosi, stream 1km E of the village, 662m, N 39 �� 45 ��� 57.9 ��� E 21 ��05��� 50.3 ���, 13.05. 2006, leg. LD, JK & DM; 13, 2007/ 33, Kavala county, Lekanis Mts., rock mine above Kechrokambos, 670m, N 41 ��09.524��� E 24 �� 36.549 ���, 0 2.04. 2007, leg. LD, ZE, ZF, JK & DM; 13, 2007/ 7, Serres county, Orvilos Mts., forest brook 5km E of Angistrou, 370m, N 41 �� 23.578 ��� E 23 �� 28.659 ���, 30.03. 2007, leg. LD, ZE, ZF, JK & DM; 1 ��, 2007 / 36, Kavala county, Lekanis Mts., macchia above Zarkadia, 200m, N 41 ��01.400��� E 24 �� 38.507 ���, 0 2.04. 2007, leg. LD, ZE, ZF, JK & DM; 13, 2007/ 16, Drama county, Maara (Angitis) cave, emergent river and rocky macchia, 136m, N 41 �� 13.266 ��� E 23 �� 53.590 ���, 31.03. 2007, leg. LD, ZE, ZF, JK & DM; Republic of Macedonia: 13, 14 juv. DL211, 2006/ 34, Demir Kapija, Vardar River, gallery forest and dry grassland E of the city, 115m, N 41 �� 24 ��� 20.9 ��� E 22 �� 15 ��� 56.3 ���, 17.10. 2006, leg. LD, JK & DM; 13 DL213, 2006/ 36, Valandovsko Basin, Furka, macchia N of the village, 220m, N 41 �� 15 ���09.8��� E 22 �� 37 ��� 35.8 ���, 18.10. 2006, leg. LD, JK & DM; 433, 3���� DL201, 2006/ 23, Sum, spring lake, grassland and pine forest above the Ohrid Lake, 707m, N 41 �� 10 ��� 58.3 ��� E 20 �� 37 ��� 55.7 ���, 16.10. 2006, leg. LD, JK & DM.; NMNH: Albania: 13, 1��, Llogorase pass, under stones, 1025m, 11.05. 1995, leg. S. Golovatch. P. Stoev & B. Petrov, det. J.���P. Mauri��s, S. Golovatch & P. Stoev 1996; BV: Bulgaria: 2 ��, SW Bulgaria, Kresna Gorge, N of Kresna town, under stones, 20.05. 2011, leg. and det. BV; Greece: 33, 5�� Kavala Distr., Lekani Mt., Drimia Vill., 200m alt., leaf litter & under stones, 25.09. 2000, leg. P. Stoev, B. Petrov & S. Beshkov., det. B. Vagalniski; 23 Eastern Rhodopes Mts., Dadia, Distr. Soufli, Nomos Evros, Pinus brutia, 200m, 28.09. 2000, leg. B. Petrov, P. Stoev & S. Beshkov, det. B. Vagalniski; 93, 3�� Angitis Vill., Distr. Prosotzani, under stones, 28.09. 2002, leg. P. Beron, det. B. Vagalniski. Distribution in the Balkans. Albania: 4km S of Vlorё, Llogorasё Pass, Vlorё District, above Prenjas, Librazhd District, between Hotolisht and Librazhd, 13km N of Ersekё, Leskovik District, Komnik (= Kamenice), Kor��ё District (Mauri��s et al. 1997); Bulgaria: Stara Planina Mts., Central Balkan National Park, Rhodopes Mts.: Asenova Fortress, Kardzhali, Asenovgrad, Slashten, Hadzhidimovo; Rila Mts.: near Pastra, Rila National Park, Rila Monastery Natural Park; Melnik, Sveti Iliya Hill near Kalimantsi, Konyavska Planina Mt., near Haskovo, Mesta Valley, Momina Klisura Gorge, Dolna Koznitsa, Sandanski, Strumyani, P. Yavorov Railway Station (Vagalinski & Stoev 2007); Greece: Central Greece, near Anomusinitza (type locality), Chalkidiki, west shore of the Volvi Lake, Petralona, Agia Anastasia Monastery, Asprovalta, Chalkidiki, Rentina outflow by Stavros, valley of Pini��s by Tsagesi, Vermio Mt. in Kavala, West Macedonia, Olympos, Epirus, Ioannina, Karias, Elati, Tristenon, Ligiades, Konitsa, Aristi, Anemorachi, Votonosson, Katara, East Macedonia and Thrace, Rentina, around Alexandroupolis���Makri, Central Greece, Epirus, Pindos, Thessalia (Strasser 1974, 1976); Republic of Macedonia: Golem Grad, near Prespa, Dojran Lake, Karadojranski Potok, ��ar Planina Mt., Ljuboten, Treska, Vodno, near, Skopje (Makarov et al. 2004). World distribution. Present also in Ukraine, on the Crimean Peninsula (Golovatch 1990). Remarks. Distributed between 180���2100m a.s.l., in diverse habitats from anthropogenic habitats to montane forests. Verhoeff described M. hercules as a subspecies of M. unilineatum on the basis of a single adult male and numerous females and juveniles (Verhoeff 1901 a). In 1967 Strasser elevated M. u. hercules to species level, and discussed the differences between M. unilineatum, M. hercules and M. rhodopinum (Strasser 1967). For M. hercules, Strasser gave the following characters: dorsally a longitudinal red dot-line, or rarely a reddish continuous line; length of adult males 29���39mm (sometimes 44mm), females can reach 55mm; promere wide, medially pointed; opisthomere���s posterior process wide, rounded, ending somewhat lower than the apical processes. Based on investigation of our material we would add the following modifications: colour of the dorsal (dot-) line can vary from yellow to red; about one-third of the investigated adult males were above 39mm (43���47mm); the opisthomere has a distinct feature, a basal, caudo-mesal swelling, which was also observed by Verhoeff (1901 a) and Attems (1927)., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1900) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. XII. Aufsatz: Ueber Diplopoden aus Griechenland. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 13 (2), 172 - 204.","Verhoeff, C. (1901 a) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. XVII. Aufsatz: Diplopoden aus dem Mittelmeergebiet. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 67 (1), 79 - 102.","Verhoeff, C. (1932) Diplopoden-Beitrage (124. Diplopoden-Aufsatz). Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 62 (5 - 6), 469 - 524.","Attems, C. (1927) Uber palaearktische Diplopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 92 (1 - 2), 1 - 256.","Strasser, K. (1966 b) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici, 23 (12), 325 - 386.","Attems, C. (1959) Die Myriopoden der Hohlen der Balkanhalbinsel. Nach dem Material der \" Biospeologica balcanica \". Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 63, 281 - 406.","Strasser, K. (1967) Uber Diplopoden Griechenlands, einiger agais - Inseln und Zyperns. Senckiana biologica, 48 (4), 269 - 293.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Strasser, K. (1969) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens, II. Annales Zoologici, 27 (7), 133 - 168.","Golovatch, S. I. & Kondeva, E. A. (1992) Contribution to the millipede fauna of Bulgaria (Diplopoda). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 44, 19 - 26.","Mrsic, N. (1993) The fauna of diplopods (Diplopoda) of Macedonia. Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti Razprave, 34, 19 - 44.","Mauries, J - P., Golovatch, S. I. & Stoev, P. (1997) The millipedes of Albania: recent data, new taxa; systematical, nomenclatural and faunistical review (Myiapoda, Diplopoda). Zoosystema, 19 (2 - 3), 255 - 292.","Curcic, B. P. M., Makarov, S. E., Stojovska, E. A. & Stancovic - Jovanovic, S. V. (1999) Some remarks on the millipede fauna of Macedonia. Archives of Biological Sciences, 51 (1), 17 P - 18 P.","Stoev, P. (2001) Myriapoda (Chilopoda, Diplopoda) of Kresna Gorge (SW Bulgaria). In: Beron, Petar (Ed.) Biodiversity of Kresna Gorge. [Bioraznoobrazie na kresnenskiia prolom.] National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, pp. 103 - 107.","Stoev, P. (2004 c) The myriapods (Chilopoda, Diplopoda) of the Eastern Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece). In: Beron, P. & Popov, A. (Eds.) Biodiversity of Bulgaria 2. Biodiversity of eastern Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece). Pensoft & National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, pp. 207 - 220.","Makarov, S. E., Curcic, B. P. M., Tomic, V. T. & Legakis, A. (2004) The Diplopods of Serbia, Montenegro, and the Republic of Macedonia. Geokarta, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro, 440 pp.","Vagalinski, B. & Stoev P. (2007) An annotated catalogue of the millipede order Julida (Diplopoda) in Bulgaria. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 18, 35 - 63.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Strasser, K. (1974) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 81 (1), 219 - 300.","Strasser, K. (1976) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands II. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 83 (3), 579 - 645.","Golovatch, S. I. (1990) On the distriburion and faunogenesis of Crimean millipedes (Diplopoda). In.: Minelli, A. (Ed.) Proceedings of the 7 th International Congress of Myriapodology, E. J. Brill, Leiden, New York, Kobenhavn, Koln, pp. 361 - 366."]}

Megaphyllum carniolense (Verhoeff, 1897) Brachyiulus carniolensis Verhoeff, 1897: 113 ���114, no figures. Brachyiulus austriacus carniolensis: Verhoeff 1896: Fig. 30. Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) monticola Verhoeff, 1898: 155 ���156, Fig. 24. syn. n. Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) monticola: Verhoeff 1899 b: 748, 763. Chromatoiulus monticola: Attems 1927: 234 ���235, Figs 313���314; 1929 a: 331; 1932: 9���10; Strasser 1966 a: 210; Ceuca 1992: 425. Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) monticola: Attems 1940: 306; 1959: 305. Chromatoiulus carniolensis: Attems 1949: 150; Strasser 1965: 14 and 17; 1966 a: 210; 1971 a: 41; 1971 b: 345; T��b��caru 1982: 17; Ceuca 1992: 425. Megaphyllum carniolense: Mr��ić 1990: 96; Mauri��s et al. 1997: 290; Makarov et al. 2004: 259 ���260; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Megaphyllum monticola: Makarov et al. 2004: 261; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. NHMW: monticola: gonopods, slide preparation, Grebeni, Albania, Penther; gonopods, slide preparation, Ostri Medvediac bei Plitvica; gonopods, slide preparation, Stolac, Attems; gonopods, slide preparation, Baba Djed bei Guiko, leg. Sturany; monticola-carniolensis: gonopods, slide preparation, Triglavsee; carniolensis: gonopods, slide preparation, St. Canzian (=Zirknitz, Slovenia), Attems; gonopods, slide preparation, Begova brdo, Ivan, Dobiasch; HNHM: Albania: 233, 1��, District of Tropojё (Rrethi i Tropjёs); Mts. Albanian Alps (Alpet Shqiptare, Bjeshkёt e Nemuna, Prokletije), W of town Bajram Curri (Kolgecaj), at the southern foot of mt. maja e Dhive (2333m); around shepherdman huts, 1846m a.s.l., 42.350300, 19.982130, 0 2.06. 2009, leg. Z. Barina & D. Pifk��; Montenegro: 13, 4����, 2008 / 72, Komovi Mts., Veru��a SE 7km on the road to Rikavačko Jezero [beech forest], 1442m, N 42 �� 37.133 ' E 19 �� 33.221 ', 13.10. 2008, leg. LD, ZF, JK & DM; 13, 1��, 2008 / 59, Bjelasica Mts., Biogradsko Jezero E 12km along the minor road to Berane [rocky grassland], 1927m, N 42 �� 53.360 ' E 19 �� 39.583 ', 11.10. 2008, leg. LD, ZF, JK & DM; 13, 2008/ 57, Bjelasica Mts., Biogradsko Jezero E 1km on the forest road to Berane [beech forest], 1193m, N 42 �� 54.126 ' E 19 �� 36.108 ', 11.10. 2008, leg. LD, ZF, JK & DM. Distribution in the Balkans. Albania: Grebeni, Tropojё, Albanian Alps, west of town Bajram Curri (Kolgecaj) Sjutari, Fu��a Rudnices, Ko��tica, Zljeb, Begovo Brdo (Attems 1929 a); Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trebevic, Plasa at Jablanica, Igman, Baba Planina, Baba Mt., Ivan Mt., Plasa, Bjela��nica Mt. (Attems 1929 a); Croatia: Lika, Gorski kotar: Crni Lug (Strasser 1965); Montenegro: Visitor Mt., Greben, near Plav, Ko��tica, Žleb Mt., near Rožaje, Durmitor Mt., Crno Jezero Lake, near Ledena Peċina Cave, ��avnik, Savin Kuk (Makarov et al. 2004); Slovenia: Postojna (type locality), Inner Carniolan (Notranjska) mountains, karst of Triest and North Istria, Lower Carniolan (Dolenjska) mountains (Strasser 1966 a). World distribution. Distributed only in the Balkan Peninsula, except the Julian Alps (Slovenia) (Strasser 1966 a). Remarks. Although the official description of M. carniolensis dates back to 1897 (Verhoeff 1897), in 1896 we can already find a note on this form (Verhoeff 1896). In 1896 Verhoeff did not discuss any details about M. carniolense, only mentioning it in the figure legends, as Brachyiulus austriacus Latz. subsp. carniolensis Verh. n. subsp., from Adelsberg (Postojna), with a figure of the promere���s tip. Later, in the proper description of Brachyiulus carniolensis, Verhoeff refers to this previous work. In the following year, in the description of M. monticola he discussed the resemblance of M. monticola to M. carniolensis, and there he already proposed the ��� monticola, carniolensis ��� (i.e. subspecies) status (Verhoeff 1898). Although not widely accepted, the synonymy of M. carniolensis and M. monticola has a long history. According to Attems��� personal notes in the NHMW we can find the following determinations: M. monticola, M. carniolensis, M. monticola carniolensis; some labels were later changed from M. carniolensis to M. monticola carniolensis. Attems referred to the species once as M. carniolensis (1949), another time as M. monticola (1959), thus he accepted only one species. Strasser (1965) discussed the difference between the two forms: as it lies only in a small difference in the apex of the promere, he suggested (referring to Attems 1927) recognising only one species ��� in his opinion M. carniolensis. T��b��caru (1982) also regarded the two forms as synonyms (��� Ch. carniolensis = Ch. monticola ���). According to literature data the two forms have completely overlapping distributions. After investigation of old and new material, we support the synonymy of M. monticola with M. carniolensis, and as the senior synonym, M. carniolensis is valid., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on pages 10-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1897) 1. Beitrage zur vergleichenden Morphologie, Gattungs- und Artsystematik der Diplopoden, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung derjenigen Siebenburgens. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 20, 97 - 125.","Verhoeff, C. (1896) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. IV. Aufsatz: Uber Diplopoden Tirols, der Ostalpen und anderer Gegenden Europas, nebst vergleichend-morphologischen und biologischen Mittheilungen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 62 (3), 187 - 242.","Verhoeff, C. (1898) Uber Diplopoden aus Bosnien, Herzegovina und Dalmatien. IV. Theil: Julidae; V. Enthaltend: Schlussel und Stammnbaum von Leptoiulus, sowie einige andere europaische Juliden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 64 (1), 119 - 160.","Verhoeff, C. (1899 b) Diplopodenfauna von Bosnien, Hercegovina und Dalmatien. Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen aus Bosnien und der Hercegovina, 6, 746 - 766.","Attems, C. (1927) Uber palaearktische Diplopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 92 (1 - 2), 1 - 256.","Strasser, K. (1966 a) Die Diplopoden Sloweniens. Poro c ila - Acta Carsologica, 4,159 - 220.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Attems, C. (1949) Die Myriopodenfauna der Ostalpen. Sitzungsberichte, Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch - Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, Abteilung I, 158 (1 - 2), 79 - 153.","Strasser, K. (1965) Ein Beitrag zur Diplopodenfauna Kroatiens. Bioloski Glasnik, 18, 13 - 18.","Tabacaru, I. (1982) Recherches Zoogeographiques sur les diplopodes du Sud - Est de l'Europe et du Proche - Orient (II). Travaux de l'Institut de Speologie \" Emile Racovitza \", 21, 11 - 17.","Mrsic, N. (1990) Diplopoda (Myriapoda, Arthropoda). Tsrnogorska Akademija Nauka i Umjetnosti Posebna Izdanja, 23 (3), 91 - 98.","Mauries, J - P., Golovatch, S. I. & Stoev, P. (1997) The millipedes of Albania: recent data, new taxa; systematical, nomenclatural and faunistical review (Myiapoda, Diplopoda). Zoosystema, 19 (2 - 3), 255 - 292.","Makarov, S. E., Curcic, B. P. M., Tomic, V. T. & Legakis, A. (2004) The Diplopods of Serbia, Montenegro, and the Republic of Macedonia. Geokarta, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro, 440 pp.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Attems, C. (1929 a) Die Myriopodenfauna von Albanien und Jugoslavien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 56, 269 - 356."]}

Megaphyllum mueggenburgi (Verhoeff, 1901) comb. n. Brachyiulus (Cerabrachyiulus) m��ggenburgi Verhoeff, 1901 c: 268 ���269, Figs 24���26. Chromatoiulus (Cerabrachyiulus) m��ggenburgi: Attems 1940: 307. Chromatoiulus (Cerabrachyiulus) mueggenburgi: Strasser 1967: 287, Fig. 22; 1970: 249 and 251; 1974: 275���277 and 290, 296. Chromatoiulus mueggenburgi: Ceuca 1992: 425. Cerabrachyiulus mueggenburgi: Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. NMNH: Greece: 1 ��, Karpathos Island, Arch. Michail, 800���1000m, 4.V. 1984, leg. P. Beron, det. J.��� P. Mauri��s 1984. Distribution in the Balkans. Greece: Karpathos Island (type locality), Kyriaki Peninsula at Pigadia; bay at Pigadia, Pil��s, Kyriaki and Mili, between Diafani and Olymbos, between Pigadia and Aperi, between Spoa and Mertonas, Despotiko Islet; Kasos Island (Strasser 1967, 1970, 1974). World distribution. Endemic to the islands of Karpathos and Kasos, Dodecanese islands, Greece. Remarks. The only species of the unique subgenus Cerabrachyiulus Verhoeff, 1901; the only known Megaphyllum from these islands. It is almost the most frequent species on Karpathos Island (Strasser 1970). In the database of Fauna Europea the subgenus Cerabrachyiulus is elevated to genus level (Enghoff & Kime 2009), but at the same time it is shown as a synonym of Megaphyllum. Until a genus revision is completed we suggest the combination Megaphyllum mueggenburgi., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1901 c) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. XX. Aufsatz: Diplopoden des ostlichen Mittelmeergebietes. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 67 (1), 241 - 270.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Strasser, K. (1967) Uber Diplopoden Griechenlands, einiger agais - Inseln und Zyperns. Senckiana biologica, 48 (4), 269 - 293.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Mauries, J - P. & Karamaouna, M. (1984) Myriapodes-Diplopodes nouveaux et peu connus des iles Naxos, Paros et Antiparos (Cyclades, Grece). Biologia gallo-hellenica, 11, 51 - 59.","Strasser, K. (1970) Uber griechische Diplopoden (Griechenland, Korfu, Kreta, Ost - Agais). Senckenbergiana biologica, 51 (3 / 4), 235 - 253.","Strasser, K. (1974) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 81 (1), 219 - 300."]}

Megaphyllum lamellifer (Strasser, 1974) Chromatoiulus lamellifer Strasser, 1974: 272 ���273 and 290, Figs 67 ���69. Chromatoiulus lamellifer: Strasser 1976: 609; Ceuca 1992: 425. Megaphyllum lamellifer: Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. HNHM: Greece: 233, 1 juv. �� DL111, 2006/ 100, Thesprotia county, oak wood in the vicinity of Vrosina, 360m, N 39 �� 37 ��� 14.9 ��� E 20 �� 31 ��� 21.3 ���, 12.05. 2006, leg. LD, JK & DM. Distribution in the Balkans. Greece: Epirus: Ioannina (550m) (type locality), ���Ag. Komasos���, Konitsa, Aristi (Strasser 1976). World distribution. Endemic to the Epirus region, Greece. Remarks. This is the third record of the species, fitting well into its known distribution., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Strasser, K. (1974) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 81 (1), 219 - 300.","Strasser, K. (1976) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands II. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 83 (3), 579 - 645.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)"]}

Megaphyllum brachyurum thassensis Mauri��s, 1985 Megaphyllum (Omobrachyiulus) brachyurum thassensis Mauri��s, 1985: 56 ���57. Megaphyllum brachyurum: Enghoff & Kime 2009. Distribution in the Balkans. Greece: Thasos Island, Panagia, Drakotrypa cave (type locality) (Mauri��s 1985). World distribution. Endemic subspecies to the island of Thasos (Aegean Islands, Thracian Sea) Greece. Remarks. The nominotypical subspecies is distributed in Azerbaidjan (Attems 1899), Georgia (Lohmander 1936), and Turkey (Enghoff 2006), M. b. dagestanus Lohmander, 1936 also lives outside the Balkans, in Daghestan and the Russian Caucasus., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Mauries, J - P. (1985) Les Diplopodes recoltes en 1982 par P. Beron et S. Andreev dans l'ile des Thasos (Grece). Thassoblaniulus, nouveau genre de Blaniulide (Blaniulinae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 1 (5), 52 - 59.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Attems, C. (1899) Neues uber palaarktische Myriopoden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 12, 286 - 336.","Lohmander, H. (1936) Uber die Diplopoden des Kaukasusgebietes. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles handlingar, 5. Foljden, Ser. B, 5 (1), 1 - 196.","Enghoff, H. (2006) The millipedes of Turkey (Diplopoda). Steenstrupia, vol 29, no. 2, pp. 175 - 198."]}

Megaphyllum bosniense (Verhoeff, 1897) Brachyiulus bosniensis Verhoeff, 1897: 110 ���111, Figs VI���VII. Brachyiulus bosnienis: Verhoeff 1899 b: 763; 1937: 109. Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) bosniensis: Verhoeff 1899 a: 192. Chromatoiulus bosniensis: Attems 1927: 237, Figs 321���322; 1929 a: 331; Verhoeff 1932: 443; Strasser 1965: 14; 1966 b: 330, 360, 381; 1966 a: 210; 1971 a: 40; Ceuca 1973: 243; 1992: 424; Mr��ić 1985: 145. Chromatoiulus bosniensis var. flavopictus Attems, 1929 a: 331, 355. Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) bosniensis: Attems 1940: 306; 1959: 305; Strasser 1969: 158; T��b��caru 1966: 174. Megaphyllum bosniense: Golovatch & Kondeva 1992: 23; Ćurčić & Makarov 1997: 194; Mauri��s et al. 1997: 277; Makarov et al. 2004: 259; Stoev 2003: 135; 2004 b: 304; Vagalinski & Stoev 2007: 48; Mr��ić 1990: 96. 23; 1993: 38, 290; Kondeva 2002: 419 ���420; 2004: 306, 308; Stoev & Lapeva���Gjonova 2005: 134, 137; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. MNB: ZMB 2625: 13, 1��, syntypes, Bosnien, leg. Verhoeff; ZMB 2418: 13, syntype, Bosnien, leg. Verhoeff; ZMB 12950: gonopods, 1 st and 2 nd legs, syntype, slide preparation (Nr. 1241 Coll. Verhoeff), Sarajevo; ZMB 12951: gonopods, legs, syntype, slide preparation (Nr. 1244 Coll. Verhoeff), Trebevic; ZSM: Slovenia: A 20033644: 1 st��� 3 rd legs, gonopods, head, antennae, 7 th pleurites, slide preparation, regarded as type, Gotschee [Kočevje]; HNHM: Greece: 233, 1��, 2007 / 11, Serres county, stream with alder gallery along the Serres ��� Kato Vrondou road, 896m, N 41 �� 14.229 ��� E 23 �� 40.175 ���, 30.03. 2007, leg. LD, ZE, ZF, JK & DM; Republic of Macedonia: 13, 1�� DL210, 2006/ 33, Babuna Mts., Pletvar, brook and oak forest E of the pass of road 106, 839m, N 41 �� 22 ��� 16.1 ��� E 21 �� 40 ��� 58.3 ���, 17.10. 2006, leg. LD, JK & DM; 13 DL223, 2006/ 46, Jakupica Mts., Bogomila, Babuna River and its softwood gallery below the village, 460m, N 41 �� 35 ��� 36.6 ��� E 21 �� 30 ��� 15.6 ���, 19.10. 2006, leg. LD, JK & DM; Montenegro, 233, 4���� 2008 / 41, Treskavac Mts., Po��cenje (near ��avnik), shallow lake N of the village [lakeshore], 1008m, N 42 �� 58.894 ' E 19 ��04.100', 10.10. 2008, leg. LD, ZF, JK & DM; 13, 1�� 2008 / 37, Treskavac Mts., ��avnik, Glava ��avnika [shore bush], 862m, N 42 �� 57.732 ' E 19 ��05.585', 0 9.10. 2008, leg. LD, ZF, JK & DM; 13, 1�� 2008 / 40, Treskavac Mts., Po��cenje (near ��avnik), at the N end of Kanjon Nevidio, bank of Komarnica Reka [rocky grassland], 950m, N 42 �� 59.298 ' E 19 ��04.070', 10.10. 2008, leg. LD, ZF, JK & DM; Serbia: 13, 1�� 2008 / 91, Maljen Mts., Bačevci, Gradac stream at the Požega���Valjevo road, N of Bukovi pass [gallery], 461m, N 44 ��08.721' E 19 �� 55.469 ', 15.10. 2008, leg. LD, ZF, JK & DM; 233, 1��, E Serbia, Brestovacka Banja, N 44 ��03 E 22 ��02, 14.09. 2005, leg. Z. Kors��s; 233, 4���� 2008 / 41; 13, Fruska Gora, junction at Čereviċ and Andrevje, alder gallery on the riverside, 19.04. 2004, leg. LD. Distribution in the Balkans. Albania: ��sk��b, Treska, Neres, Kačanik, Ljuboten, Oroshi, Pulti, Hani Grabom, Rap��a, Ba��trik, Prizren, Bicaj, Gyalica Lums, Rashka, Vun��aj Bogё, Shkodёr District, Bogё, Maya Tchardakut, above Bogё, Theth, between Hotolisht and Librazhd, above Prenjas, Librazhd District, Cafa���San at border of Republic of Macedonia, Dajti Mt., NE of Tirana (Mauri��s et al. 1997); Bosnia and Herzegovina: Trebevic, Spring of Bosna, Mo��ċanicathal, Ramathal, Jaice, Plivathal, Jezero, bank of Vrbas, Zenica (Verhoeff 1899 b), Sarajevo (type locality) (Verhoeff 1897), Bjela��nica, Ivan, Igman, Dervent, Novi, Nemila, Makeln, Jablanica (Attems 1929 a); Bulgaria: Rhodopi Mts.: Sveti Konstantin Resort near Peshtera, Peshtera, Beglika Hut, near Devin, near Pamporovo, Snezhanka Peak; Vitosha Mt.: Knyazhevo, Boyana, Dragalevtsi, Selimitsa Peak, Yarema Locality, Zheleznitsa, Chuipetlovo, Bosnek; Rila Mts.: Borovets (Cham Kuria), Pastra, Rila Monastery Natural Park, Sredna Gora Mts., Bunay Peak; Lozenska Planina Mt.: German; Lyulin Mt.: Zlatni Pyasatsi (Uzun Kum), Aladzha Monastery, Blagoevgrad, Sofia: Knyaz Borisovata Gradina, also Severen and Loven Parks Sofia, City Park Zapaden (Vagalinski & Stoev 2007); Croatia: Lika, Hrvatsko Zagorje: Klanjec: Cesargradska Mt., Vukovo Selo, Rozga (Strasser 1965), Čabar, Kapela and Velebit Mts.: Delnice, Vrbovsko, Ogulin (Attems 1929 a); Republic of Macedonia: Bregalnica River, Bistra Mt., Carevac, Ceripa��in Peak, ��ar Planina Mt., Dragomance, near Kumanovo, Galičica, Kotlina, in Bregalnica River, Kriva Reka, near Kriva Palanka, ��ar Planina Mt., Ljuboten, Katlanovo, unspecified locality, Jablanica Mt., Korab Mt., Nerezi, near Skopje, Sa��a, Skopje, near Prespansko Jezero Lake, Treska, near Skopje (Makarov et al. 2004); Romania: Dobrugea (T��b��caru 1966), Montenegro: Durmitor Mt., Aluge, Barno Jezero, Crno Jezero Lake, Crepuljina Poljana, Tu��ko Valje, Govedji Do, Su��ice Kanjon, Krstač, Ledena Peċina Cave, Pruta��ki Do, Todorov Do, Valovito Jezero Lake, Virak, near Zminje Jezero (Makarov et al. 2004); Serbia: ��ar Mt., Ljuboten, Kačanik, near Belgrade, Pa��trik, Prizren, Ra��ka, South Serbia (Makarov et al. 2004); Slovenia: Lower Carniolan (Dolenjska) mountains and hillside, Gorjanci Mt (Strasser 1966 a). World distribution. Also distributed in Austria (Strasser 1959), Hungary (Kors��s 1994) and Italy (Foddai et al. 1995), North Serbia (Obedska Bara, v.Obrež (Makarov et al. 2004)), North Slovenia (Julian Alps (Strasser 1966 a)). Remarks. New to the fauna of Greece (as proposed by Mauri��s, based on its distribution outside Greece, in litt.), at the northern border of the country. This may represent the southernmost occurrence of the species., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on pages 8-9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1897) 1. Beitrage zur vergleichenden Morphologie, Gattungs- und Artsystematik der Diplopoden, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung derjenigen Siebenburgens. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 20, 97 - 125.","Verhoeff, C. (1899 b) Diplopodenfauna von Bosnien, Hercegovina und Dalmatien. Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen aus Bosnien und der Hercegovina, 6, 746 - 766.","Attems, C. (1927) Uber palaearktische Diplopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 92 (1 - 2), 1 - 256.","Verhoeff, C. (1932) Diplopoden-Beitrage (124. Diplopoden-Aufsatz). Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 62 (5 - 6), 469 - 524.","Strasser, K. (1965) Ein Beitrag zur Diplopodenfauna Kroatiens. Bioloski Glasnik, 18, 13 - 18.","Ceuca, T. (1973) Contribution a la connaissance des Diplopodes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) de Bulgarie. Izvestija na Zoologi c eskija Institut s Muzej, 38, 241 - 247.","Mrsic, N. (1985) Contribution to the knowledge of Diplopods (Myriapoda) of Serbia. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgrade, Serie B, Sciences biologiques, 40, 143 - 168.","Attems, C. (1929 a) Die Myriopodenfauna von Albanien und Jugoslavien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 56, 269 - 356.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Strasser, K. (1969) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens, II. Annales Zoologici, 27 (7), 133 - 168.","Tabacaru, I. (1966) Contributii la cunoasterea faunei de diplopode din Dobrogea, a originii si relatiilor ei zoogeografice. Lucrarile Institutului de Speologie \" Emil Racovita \", 5, 169 - 183.","Golovatch, S. I. & Kondeva, E. A. (1992) Contribution to the millipede fauna of Bulgaria (Diplopoda). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 44, 19 - 26.","Curcic, B. P. M. & Makarov, S. E. (1997) Diversification and biogeographic features of millipedes in Serbia, Yugoslavia (Diplopoda). In: Enghoff, H. (Ed.) Many-legged animals - A collection of papers on Myriapoda and Onychophora, Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 51, pp. 191 - 198.","Mauries, J - P., Golovatch, S. I. & Stoev, P. (1997) The millipedes of Albania: recent data, new taxa; systematical, nomenclatural and faunistical review (Myiapoda, Diplopoda). Zoosystema, 19 (2 - 3), 255 - 292.","Makarov, S. E., Curcic, B. P. M., Tomic, V. T. & Legakis, A. (2004) The Diplopods of Serbia, Montenegro, and the Republic of Macedonia. Geokarta, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro, 440 pp.","Stoev, P. (2003) Myriapods (Chilopoda, Diplopoda) of the Rila Monastery Natural Park. In: Peev D. (Ed.) A rapid ecological assessment of Rila Monastery Nature Park. United States Agency for International Development, Sofia, pp. 134 - 138. [In Bulgarian with English summary]","Vagalinski, B. & Stoev P. (2007) An annotated catalogue of the millipede order Julida (Diplopoda) in Bulgaria. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 18, 35 - 63.","Mrsic, N. (1990) Diplopoda (Myriapoda, Arthropoda). Tsrnogorska Akademija Nauka i Umjetnosti Posebna Izdanja, 23 (3), 91 - 98.","Kondeva, E. A. (2002) Millipedes (Diplopoda) in litter of xerothermic oak forests in Bulgaria. Journal of Balkan Ecology, 5 (4), 417 - 421.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Strasser, K. (1966 a) Die Diplopoden Sloweniens. Poro c ila - Acta Carsologica, 4,159 - 220.","Strasser, K. (1959) Die Diplopoden (Tausendfußler) von Karnten. Carinthia II, Naturwissenschaftliche Beitrage zur Heimatkunde Karntens, Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaflichen Vereines fur Karnten, 69, 59 - 84.","Korsos, Z. (1994) Checklist, preliminary distribution maps, and bibliography of millipedes in Hungary (Diplopoda). Miscellanea zoologica hungarica, 9, 29 - 82.","Foddai, D., Minelli, A., Scheller, U. & Zapparoli, M. (1995) Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Pauropoda, Symphyla. In: Minelli, A., Ruffo, S. & La Posta S. (Eds.) Checklist delle Specie della Fauna Italiana, 32 / 33, Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, pp. 1 - 35."]}

Megaphyllum crassum (Attems, 1929) Chromatoiulus crassus Attems, 1929 a: 331 and 354���355, Figs 31���33. Chromatoiulus crassus: Attems 1927: 222 (included in a key before description); Strasser 1971 a: 41; 1971 b: 345; Mr��ić 1985: 145; Ceuca 1992: 425. Chromatoiulus (Phauloiulus) crassus: Attems 1940: 307 and 312, Fig. 31.; 1959: 305. Megaphyllum crassum: Mr��ić 1993: 40; Ćurčić & Makarov 1997: 194; Mauri��s et al. 1997: 290; Makarov et al. 2004: 260; Ćurčić et al. 2002: 98; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. NHMW: Inv. No. 3102: syntype, 13 (gonopod and leg-pair as slide preparation), 1 ��, Ljubeten, Oberer Buchenwald, 1906 Juni, leg. Attems, det. Attems. Distribution in the Balkans. Republic of Macedonia: ��ar Planina Mt., Ljuboten (type locality) (Makarov et al. 2004); Serbia: ��ar Planina Mt., Ljuboten, Kačanik, South Serbia (Makarov et al. 2004). World distribution. Endemic to the ��ar Planina Mt. Region. Remarks. Although Attems (1940) suggested the species belongs to the subgenus Phauloiulus Attems, 1940, reexamination of type material showed a close relationship with species from the subgenus Italoiulus Attems, 1940, i.e. M. creticum (Strasser, 1976) and M. margaritatum (Fanzago, 1875); also suggested by Mauri��s (in litt.)., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Attems, C. (1929 a) Die Myriopodenfauna von Albanien und Jugoslavien. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 56, 269 - 356.","Attems, C. (1927) Uber palaearktische Diplopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 92 (1 - 2), 1 - 256.","Strasser, K. (1971 a) Diplopoda. In: Catalogus Faunae Jugoslaviae, Academia Scientarum et Artium Slovenica Ljubljana, III / 4: pp. 1 - 50.","Mrsic, N. (1985) Contribution to the knowledge of Diplopods (Myriapoda) of Serbia. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgrade, Serie B, Sciences biologiques, 40, 143 - 168.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Mrsic, N. (1993) The fauna of diplopods (Diplopoda) of Macedonia. Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti Razprave, 34, 19 - 44.","Curcic, B. P. M. & Makarov, S. E. (1997) Diversification and biogeographic features of millipedes in Serbia, Yugoslavia (Diplopoda). In: Enghoff, H. (Ed.) Many-legged animals - A collection of papers on Myriapoda and Onychophora, Entomologica Scandinavica, Supplement 51, pp. 191 - 198.","Mauries, J - P., Golovatch, S. I. & Stoev, P. (1997) The millipedes of Albania: recent data, new taxa; systematical, nomenclatural and faunistical review (Myiapoda, Diplopoda). Zoosystema, 19 (2 - 3), 255 - 292.","Makarov, S. E., Curcic, B. P. M., Tomic, V. T. & Legakis, A. (2004) The Diplopods of Serbia, Montenegro, and the Republic of Macedonia. Geokarta, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro, 440 pp.","Curcic, B. P. M, Makarov, S. E. & Stankovic - Jovanovic, S. V. (2002) Taxonomic implications of endemic differentiation of the diplopods (Myriapoda) from Yugoslavia and Macedonia. Srpska Akademija Nauka i Umetnosti Posebna Izdanja, 650, 93 - 101.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Strasser, K. (1976) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands II. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 83 (3), 579 - 645.","Fanzago, F. (1875) Alcune nuove specie di miriapodi. Atti della Societa Veneto-Trentina di Scienze Naturali, 4, 149 - 152."]}

Megaphyllum rhodopinum (Verhoeff, 1928) Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) rhodopinus Verhoeff, 1928: 33 ���34, Fig. 6. Brachyiulus rhodopinus: Verhoeff 1937: 106 ���108. Brachyiulus unilineatus rhodopinus: Verhoeff 1937: 106 ���108. Chromatoiulus unilineatus rhodopinus: Strasser 1966 b: 330, 358, 381; Ceuca 1973: 243. Chromatoiulus rhodopinus: Strasser 1967: 285; 1973: 443; 1974: 290; Christov 1984: 93; Ceuca 1992: 425. Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) rhodopinus: Strasser 1969: 159. Megaphyllum rhodopinum: Golovatch 1992: 24; Golovatch & Kondeva 1992: 24; Stoev 2003: 136; Vagalinski & Stoev 2007: 50 ���51; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Material examined. HNHM: Greece: 13, 2007/ 40, Kavala county, Nestos River and its softwood gallery E of Proastio, 30m, N 40 �� 59.458 ��� E 24 �� 44.579 ���, 0 2.04. 2007, leg. LD, ZE, ZF, JK & DM; BV: Bulgaria: 13, 3����, many juveniles, Slavyanka Mt., 2000m, near Shabran Peak, timberline, pitfall traps, 01.VII.���01.VIII. 2007., leg. N. Simov & M. Longourov, det. BV; 233, 4����, Pirin Mts., near Orelek peak, subalpine zone, pitfall traps, 1970m, leg. N. Simov & M. Longourov, det. BV; Greece: many 33, many ����, Falakro Mt., above the ski-center, Nomos Drama, along the road to the top, 1800���2030m, 21.09. 2000, leg. P. Stoev, B. Petrov & S. Beshkov, det. BV; 13, Nomos Xanthi, Gerakas, under stones and litter of Quercus, 11.05. 2006, leg. P. Beron, det. BV. Distribution in the Balkans. Bulgaria: Rhodopi Mts., near Batak (type locality), Rhodopi Mts.: Syutkya Peak, near Slashten, near Breshten, Bachkovo Monastery, Chepelare, Yagodina, Dolna Karanska Dupka Cave near Yagodina, Mihalkovo, Studenets Hut near Snezhanka Peak, Beglika Dam, Debrashtitsa, Asenovgrad Distr., Martsiganitsa Hut, Gyola Area, Gargini Dupki Cave; Vitosha Mt: Zlatni Mostove, Zheleznitsa, Chuipetlovo; Rila Mts.: Rila Monastery Natural Park; Slavyanka Mt.; Sredna Gora Mts.: Koprivshtitsa Railway station, near Panagyurishte, Banichan, Petrich (Vagalinski & Stoev 2007); Greece: Chalkidike, W shore of the Volvi Sea (Strasser 1967), East Macedonia and Thrace (Strasser 1974; Golovatch & Kondeva 1992). World distribution. Known only from the East Balkans. Remarks. Our material is in agreement with Strasser���s (1967) observations, although the body colour is more brownish. In the original description Verhoeff discussed a special gynandromorph individual of M. rhodopinum, i.e. an adult female with cyphopods and eggs but also with male gonopods (Verhoeff 1928). Gynandromorph females are rarely published (e.g. Bigler 1920, Verhoeff 1910 a), neither did such individual occur in our material, even among any Megaphyllum individuals. Although not a well-developed gynandromorph, a strangely developed individual was found in M. austriacum (see above)., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1928) Uber Diplopoden aus Bulgarien gesammelt von Dr. I. Buresch, 3. Aufsatz. Mitteilungen aus den Koniglichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Instituten in Sofia, 1, 28 - 44.","Verhoeff, C. (1937) Uber Diplopoden aus Bulgarien, gesammelt von Dr. I. Buresch und seinen Mitarbeitern. 4. Aufsatz. Mitteilungen aus den Koniglichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Instituten in Sofia, 10, 93 - 120.","Strasser, K. (1966 b) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens. Annales Zoologici, 23 (12), 325 - 386.","Ceuca, T. (1973) Contribution a la connaissance des Diplopodes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) de Bulgarie. Izvestija na Zoologi c eskija Institut s Muzej, 38, 241 - 247.","Strasser, K. (1967) Uber Diplopoden Griechenlands, einiger agais - Inseln und Zyperns. Senckiana biologica, 48 (4), 269 - 293.","Christov, J. (1984) Beitrag zur Fauna der Diplopoda (Myriapoda) im Zentralen Mittelwaldgebirge. Universite de Plovdiv \" P. Hilderanski \", Travaux scientifiques, 22 (1), 91 - 94. [In Bulgarian with German summary]","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Strasser, K. (1969) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens, II. Annales Zoologici, 27 (7), 133 - 168.","Golovatch, S. I. & Kondeva, E. A. (1992) Contribution to the millipede fauna of Bulgaria (Diplopoda). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 44, 19 - 26.","Stoev, P. (2003) Myriapods (Chilopoda, Diplopoda) of the Rila Monastery Natural Park. In: Peev D. (Ed.) A rapid ecological assessment of Rila Monastery Nature Park. United States Agency for International Development, Sofia, pp. 134 - 138. [In Bulgarian with English summary]","Vagalinski, B. & Stoev P. (2007) An annotated catalogue of the millipede order Julida (Diplopoda) in Bulgaria. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 18, 35 - 63.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Strasser, K. (1974) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 81 (1), 219 - 300.","Bigler, W. (1920) Uber einige Diplopoden aus Holstein und uber einen Fall von Gynandromorphismus bei Ophiiulus fallax (Meinert). Festschrift fur Zschokke, 7, 1 - 14.","Verhoeff, C. (1910 a) Gynandromorphismus bei einem Iuliden. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 35 (23), 733 - 735."]}

Megaphyllum species inquirenda Figs 84���86 Material examined. NHMW: Specimen no. 23���50 ��� 89, 28.5. 73 [28.May. 1973] Andros, ��g��is, Slenies (3120), Gonop. U [and]. S [segment, i.e. body ring]. 7.; Specimen no.: 23���50 ��� 89, 28.5. 73 [28.May. 1973] Andros, ��g��is, Slenies (3120), A. [antenna], Gn. [gnathochilarium], 1. 2. 3. 6. B. [legs]. Remarks. This material was labeled as ��� holotype ��� and provided with a name which seems, however, never to have been published by Strasser. In the NHMW there is a label ���Manuskriptsname��� suggesting its unpublished status, from 1980. There are two ��� holotype ��� preparations in the collection: one with gonopods (Figs 84���86) and a part of the 7 th body ring, the other with some walking legs and the gnathochilarium. As the trunk of the ��� holotype ��� individual is missing, we cannot describe it here as a new species. The gonopods fit well to the brachyiuline criteria, even to subgenus Omobrachyiulus, but differ from all other hitherto described species according to the bifurcated process (bp on Figs 84���85.) on the opisthomere. Until new, intact individuals are available, we can only refer to it as a species inquirenda. FIGURES 69���78. Megaphyllum digitatum Laz��nyi & Kors��s sp. n. from Greece, the Peloponnese, Zarelia, male holotype (setae and cones omitted, except for the first leg-pair and telson). (69) Left antenna; (70) in situ gnathochilarium (latero-caudoventral view); (71) telson, lateral view; (72) first leg-pair, lateral view; (73) second leg-pair, caudal view; penis from (74) latero-caudal, (75) caudo-lateral and (76) caudal views; (77) right pleurotergum of the 7 th body ring, latero-ventral view; (78) left, anterior walking leg from the 26 th body ring; (scale bars: 0.2mm). Abbreviations: c: coxa, f: femur, h: hump, o: opening, pf: postfemur, t: tibia. FIGURES 79���83. Megaphyllum digitatum Laz��nyi & Kors��s sp. n. from Greece, the Peloponnese, Zarelia, male holotype. In situ gonopods from (79) anterior and (80) caudal views; (81) left in situ gonopods, meso-caudal view; (82) right promere, meso-caudal view; (83) right opisthomere, antero-lateral view (scale bars: 0.2mm). Abbreviations: fl: flagellum, fs: finger-like projections, g: groove, h: hump, p d: distal process, p p: proximal process, r: ridge, s: solenomere, P: promere., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on pages 37-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875

Megaphyllum bicolor bicolor (Loksa, 1970) Chromatoiulus bicolor Loksa, 1970: 268, Figs 22���23 and 25. Chromatoiulus bicolor: Strasser 1974: 290 and 296; Ceuca 1992: 425. Megaphyllum bicolor: Enghoff & Kime 2009. Distribution in the Balkans. Greece: Rhodos Island (unspecified type locality) (Loksa 1970). World distribution. Endemic to Rhodos, the Dodecanese, Greece. Remarks. The type material was supposed to have been deposited in the HNHM or at the E��tv��s Lor��nd University, Budapest (there is no designation in Loksa 1970), but unfortunately no such material could be traced., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Loksa, I. (1970) Beschreibung einiger durch Prof. Dr. H. Franz auf Rhodos (Griechenland) gesammelter Diplopoden. Opuscula zoologica, Budapest, 10, 263 - 270.","Strasser, K. (1974) Uber Diplopoda-Chilognatha Griechenlands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 81 (1), 219 - 300.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)"]}

Megaphyllum beroni (Strasser, 1973) Chromatoiulus (Chromatoiulus) beroni Strasser, 1973: 444 ���446, 455 and 460, Figs 49���51. Chromatoiulus beroni: Ceuca 1992: 425. Megaphyllum beroni: Vagalinski & Stoev 2007: 48; Enghoff & Kime 2009. Distribution in the Balkans. Bulgaria: Rhodope Mts.: Dyavolskoto Garlo Cave near Trigrad (type locality) (Vagalinski & Stoev 2007). World distribution. Endemic to the Rhodope Mts., Bulgaria. Remarks. Though known only from a cave, this species is regarded as trogloxene, having no evident troglobiotic adaptations. Thorough searching of the cave did not result in a second finding of beroni, thus it could have been an accidental shelter in the cave of a very rare, endemic surface species (Beron 1994)., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter, Vagalinski, Boyan & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2012, The millipede genus Megaphyllum Verhoeff, 1894 in the Balkan Peninsula, with description of new species (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 3228 on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.214875, {"references":["Strasser, K. (1973) Uber Diplopoden Bulgariens, III. Annales zoologici, 30 (15), 411 - 470.","Ceuca, T. (1992) Quelques aspects sur la faunistique l'ecologie et la zoogeographie des diplopodes de la Region Balkanique. In: Meyer, E., Thaler, K. & Schedl, W. (Eds.) Advances in Myriapodology, Berichte des naturwissenschaftlich-medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck, Supplement 10, 465 pp. 411 - 429.","Vagalinski, B. & Stoev P. (2007) An annotated catalogue of the millipede order Julida (Diplopoda) in Bulgaria. Historia naturalis bulgarica, 18, 35 - 63.","Enghoff, H., Kime, R. D. (2009) Fauna Europaea: Diplopoda. Fauna Europaea version 2.0, http: // www. faunaeur. org. (accessed 17 August 2011)","Beron, P. (1994) Resultats des recherches biospeleologiques en Bulgarie de 1971 a 1994 et liste des animaux cavernicoles Bulgares. Serie Tranteeva - 1. Editions de la Federation bulgare de Speleologie, Sofia, 137 pp."]}

Megaphyllum projectum deubeli (Verhoeff, 1899) Figs. 9���13, 17 c. Brachyiulus (Chromatoiulus) projectus Deubeli Verhoeff, 1899 (pp. 192���193, Figs. 24���25) Material examined. MNB: ZMB 3314: 1 ��, syntype, Rodnagebirge (Rodna Mts., Romania), Kuhhorn (Ineu Peak), Deubel leg; ZMB 12972 ab: 233, male gonopods, syntypes, slide preparation, (Nr. 1273, 1274 Coll. Verhoeff). HNHM: Kuhhorn (Ineu Peak); 13, 1 ��, Romania, Maramureş Mts., Borşa - B��ile Borşa, valley of the Cislei stream, from streamside mud, 1320m, 27. July 2007, leg. Grabant, A., Gy��rgy, Z., Merkl, O. & Podluss��ny, A., det: E. Laz��nyi. Diagnosis. Promere (Fig. 9) triangular, with no apical serrated lobe, medial surface of promere coarse. Anterior process of opisthomere (Fig. 10) rudimentary, shorter than posterior process, the latter better developed than in the other two subspecies. This peculiar shape of opisthomere visible from every direction (Figs. 11���13). Vulvae similar to, but a bit thinner than those of M. p. kochi females (see there). Remarks. Due to the small sample size (5 specimens altogether, but only 1 male and 2 females with body segments) body size parameters can not be suggested. In our case, body length and height seemed to be the smallest among the subspecies: the single male was 23.8 mm long (proposed range for males: 21���28 mm (Verhoeff 1907)), 1.7 mm high, with (44 + 2 +T) segments, in the developmental stadium X; females were 29.9���30.1 mm long, 2.5���2.7 mm high, with (44 +0+T)���(46 + 1 +T) segments and in the developmental stadium XI. Differences in vulva structure of this subspecies may not be significant; this needs further investigations, involving more female specimens., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2011, Revision of the Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff species complex (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 43-56 in Zootaxa 2864 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.207900, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1899) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. IX. Aufsatz: Zur Systematik, Phylogenie und vergleichenden Morphologie der Juliden und uber einige andere Diplopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 65 (1 / 3), 183 - 221.","Verhoeff, C. (1907) Uber Diplopoden 6. (26.) Aufsatz: Tausendfuβler aus Brandenburg und andere Formen aus Ostdeutschland und Osterreich-Ungarn. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 3, 291 - 337."]}

Riukiaria maculata sp. n. Figs 2 ���3, 7��� 13. Holotype male (NSMT-My 377)��� Japan, Northern Ryukyus, Osumi Group, Tane-ga-shima Island, Nakatane Town, Cryptomeria mixed forest close to the airport, 260 m alt., N 30.6401 �� E 130.9797 ��, 7 July 2010, leg. R. & Z. Kors��s. Paratypes: 3 females, 3 juvs (NSMT-My 378, HNHM)���Same locality and date. 3 females (RUMF)��� Japan, Northern Ryukyus, Osumi Group, Tane-ga-shima Island, Nakatane Town, Cryptomeria forest close to the airport, 260 m alt., N 30.6401 �� E 130.9797 ��, 12 October 2009, leg. Z. Kors��s & Y. Nakamura. Diagnosis. A species of the genus Riukiaria as defined by Shinohara (1977) and Tanabe and Shinohara (1996) with the simple, forceps-like male gonopod conformation. It differs from all congeners by its coloration (a pair of distinct dark, brownish-black patches on each segment, including collum), by its exclusive occurrence on a single island (Tane-ga-shima), and in details of gonopod morphology: a small but definite triangular process ventrally on coxa (Figs 10-11, tp), and by shape and length of both prefemoral process and acropodite. Etymology. Named after the color pattern, unusual in the genus (adjective, feminin). Description. Measurements: Medium sized species in comparison to other members of the genus. Length of holotype male 40 mm, midbody paranotal width 7.5 mm, metatergal length 1.9 mm, collum width 6.2 mm, length 2.7 mm. Adult female body length 40���43 mm, midbody paranotal width 7.7���8.5 mm, metatergal length 1.8���2.2 mm, collum width 6.4���6.7 mm, length 2.9���3 mm (n= 3). Color in life (Fig. 2): Same coloration in both sexes, prozona, metazona with yellow background, metaterga laterally with a pair of distinct, oval, brownish-black patches, occupying about 1 / 4 th of total paranotal width on both sides. Paranota yellow with slightly darker, orange margins. Head dark greyish-brown, antennae, legs, and underside pale yellow or whitish. Collum with broad yellow anterior and lateral margins, the two dark spots closer to each other than on following metaterga. Last segment with epiproct uniformly yellow. Dark patches also distinct in UV light (Fig. 3), their fluorescence much less intense. Preserved specimens (70 % ethanol) after 10 months still have the typical pattern, although the patches are somewhat faded. Juvenile specimens (with body length of ca. 15 mm) uniformly greyish-yellow, and do not show the characteristic spots. Head smooth, epicranial suture distinct, 2 + 2 frontal setae, 1 + 1 between antennal sockets, 1 + 1 above clypeus, and 2 dense rows at its margin and on labrum. Antennae straight, first article globose, 2 nd about twice as long as first, articles 3���6 subequal in length, slightly longer than 2 nd, 7 th smallest, shorter than wide. Anterior part of gnathochilarial stipites and lamellae linguales densely hairy, mentum with a distinct, median hair-field. Collum convex, smooth, shiny, lateral and posterior margins with very weak ridge, lateral corners triangular, pointed caudad. Pro- and metaterga (Fig. 7) smooth without traces of tubercles or punctuation, but from 5 th onwards with definite posterior marginal ridge. Posteriolateral edge of paranota 2���3 triangular, of 4 th and onwards pointed caudad. Pores on paranota 5,7,9,10,12,13,15,16, 17, and 18, in median depression in lateral view. Body sides between segments 5-16 parallel, segments 17���19 strongly tapering, posteriolateral projections becoming more pointed. Epiproct in dorsal view triangular, its straight shape only broken by 3 + 3 lateral and 1 + 1 apical knobs (Fig. 8), in lateral view protruding over paraprocts (anal valves), parallel-sided, straight. Setation: 1 + 1 anterio-laterally on knobs, 4 + 4 medially on lateral sides, 2 of them on knobs, and 2 + 2 apically, not on knobs. Paraprocts marginate with 2 + 2 setae, one pair marginally, the other pair posteriorly on sides of paraprocts, hypoproct wide subtrapezoid, with 1 + 1 setae on knobs. Midbody legs well separated, in male closer to each other (1.8 mm), in females separated by 2.4���2.5 mm, sterna smooth. Postgonopodal legs (in both sexes) with well-developed ventral spine on prefemur, increasingly stronger towards body end, coxa and prefemur subequal in length, femur long and slender, slightly clavate, about 2.5 x as long as prefemur, postfemur and tibia subequal in length, postfemur thicker, tibia more slender, its length about 1 / 3 rd of femur, tarsus even more slender, about 1.5 x as long as tibia, claw (ca. 0.5 mm long) slightly curved. Sexual characters: Coxa of 2 nd legpair (Fig. 9) of holotype male with well-developed median projections about half as long as length of coxa, apically rounded without membraneous tubulae, with several short setae, 2 + 2 macrosetae sitting proximally from j oint of prefemur (1 anteriorly, 1 posteriorly), and 1 + 1 small ones on lateral FIGURES 7���9. Riukiaria maculata sp. n. holotype male. 7 = Anterior body part, dorsal view; 8 = Epiproct and 19 th segment, dorsal view; 9 = Sternum, coxa, and prefemur of 2 nd legpair, posterior view. Scales 1 mm (7,8), 0.5 mm (9). sides of coxa. Sternum on segment 4 (legpair 3) narrow, without lobes, on segment 5 (legpairs 4���5) and 6 (legpairs 6���7) gradually wider and smoother, bridging the 1.8 mm intercoxal distance on postgonopodal legs. No other sternal or leg modifications could be observed. Male gonopodal aperture on 7 th segment wide, elliptical, about twice as wide as long, gonopods in situ usually deeply embedded, with acropodites crossing each other. Coxa (Figs 10��� 11, c) stout, approximately as long as wide, without proximal apophysis but with small apophyseal macroseta (cm), and distally (ventrally) with small but definite, triangular projection (tp). Cannula normal, situated on mesal side. Telopodite has two simple processes (Figs 10���12), a shorter, more slender prefemoral process (pfp), and a long, curved, leaflike acropodite (solenomere, s), delimitation of which from the densely setose prefemur is hardly visible. The two processes form the the simple, forceps-like gonopodal apparatus typical for Riukiaria (Tanabe & Shinohara 1996). Prefemoral process slender, triangular (Fig. 12, pfp), about 3 / 4 th of length of acropodite, with no setae, hairs, or processes. Tip of acropodite (Fig. 12, s) bending backwards toward prefemoral process, almost touching it, its sides gradually tapering, prostatic groove running along mesal side, and ending on the pointed tip. Female cyphopods (Fig. 13) embedded closely behind 2 nd legpair, in large, ���-shaped aperture, valves (v) subrectangular, almost twice as wide as high, densely setose, with basal bumps of each seta giving a rough appearance to its surface and margins. Lateral operculum (op) large, thick, almost as high as valves, with dense setation, receptacles (r) embracing valves both anteriorly and posteriorly, subrectangular, with several series of short hairs along ventral, serrated-like margin. Distribution. Known only from Tane-ga-shima Island, northern Ryukyus (Osumi Island Group), Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Specimens were found in the single locality of a mixed forest of deciduous trees, possibly an old Cryptomeria japonica plantation. Search in other similar habitats on the island (about 445 square kilometers of total surface area) produced no more specimens. Remarks. Tane-ga-shima island, the locality of the new species��� population, is a member of the Osumi Islands, Northern Ryukyus, about 50 km southeast of Kyushu. It is an elongate island 57 km from north to south, and about 5���12 km from east to west, with the highest elevation 282 m. The nearest island is the small, uninhabited Mage-jima, with an area of only 8 km 2, and with no worth-while habitat for native millipedes. Yaku-shima island, on the other hand, the largest member of the Osumi Group, is about 30 km to the west, and has a notable vegetation and fauna. Its high mountains (up to 1936 m a.s.l.) are mainly covered by ancient Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) forest, and provide an optimal habitat for many endemics. Two Riukiaria species have been described from Yaku-shima (R. puella and R. jamila), but they both differ considerably in size (32���36 mm) and coloration from R. maculata sp. n.: R. puella is almost entirely yellow, whereas tergites of R. jamila are gray with yellowish white paranota. (For gonopod differences see Diagnosis.) In the southern part of Kyushu, one of the four main islands of Japan, three Riukiaria species are known to occur: R. cornuta, R. anachoreta, and R. semicircularis. Whereas their size is similar (R. anachoreta, body length 39���45 mm, R. semicircularis 40 mm) to, or larger (R. cornuta, 55 mm) than R. maculata sp. n., all three have a generally greenish or brownish gray color, with a little yellow or whitish tint on the paranota in R. cornuta and R. semicircularis. Moreover, metatergites of R. anachoreta show 3 transverse rows of conspicuous tubercles. Male gonopods also differ in the length and shape of the acropodite and prefemoral process, the former in case of R. cornuta bearing a small mesal tooth. The prefemoral process of R. semicircularis is long and slender, undulated like a flagellum, and only a little shorter than the acropodite, the tip of which bends backwards to form an almost completely closed oval. Based only on superficially similar coloration, we also might to compare R. maculata sp. n. with R. falcifera from Okinawa-jima island. The two locations are more than 500 km apart by sea, and R. falcifera is considerably larger (53���65 mm), but its coloration also differs from the new species, the dark spots never being so strong, and not of the same size. In R. maculata, the spots are always widely separated by the yellow median part, and all are the same size on each segment, giving really a 'spotted' appearance to the animal. In R. falcifera, on the other hand, the spots are blurred, sometimes missing or fused together, and change in their size and shape along the body of the animal. Since R. maculata sp. n. is only known from a single population, and because its attractive, colorful appearance we recommend the new species for full legal protection. The new species could well be one of the rarest Riukiaria species in Japan., Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n, Nakamura, Yasuyuki & Tanabe, Tsutomu, 2011, Two new millipede species of the genus Riukiaria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) endemic to the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan, pp. 55-68 in Zootaxa 2877 on pages 58-62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.277567, {"references":["Shinohara, K. (1977) Revaluation on Riukiaria (Diplopoda). Acta Arachnologica, 27 (special number), 115 - 119.","Tanabe, T. & Shinohara, K. (1996) Revision of the millipede genus Xystodesmus, with reference to the status of the tribe Xystodesmini (Diplopoda: Xystodesmidae). Journal of Natural History, 30, 1459 - 1494."]}

Key to the subspecies of Megaphyllum projectum Based on male and female genitalia characters; female of M. p. deubeli not included because it needs further investigation. 1 Male............................................................................................... 2 - Female.............................................................................................. 4 2 Anterior process of opisthomere rudimentary, shorter than the well-developed posterior process (Fig. 10). Promere triangular, without apical serrated lobe................................................ M. projectum deubeli (Verhoeff, 1899) - Anterior and posterior processes of opisthomere of approximately the same length and development (Fig. 3). Promere with a serrated apical lobe (by M. p. kochi this serrated lobe sometimes not visible under a standard light microscope, just under stereo microscope, at high magnification).................................................................. 3 3 Promere tapering, the whole gonopod in situ appears to be thin (Figs. 14���15)......... M. projectum kochi (Verhoeff, 1907) - Promere not tapering, the whole gonopod in situ appears to be stout (Figs. 1, 16).... M. projectum projectum Verhoeff, 1894 4 Ampullas well-developed, dorsal ampulla wide, bulbous, ventral ampulla elongated (Figs. 8 a���c)............................................................................................ M. projectum projectum Verhoeff, 1894 - Ampullas thin, elongated, dorsal ampulla not bulbous M. projectum kochi (Verhoeff, 1907), Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2011, Revision of the Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff species complex (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 43-56 in Zootaxa 2864 on page 53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.207900, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1899) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. IX. Aufsatz: Zur Systematik, Phylogenie und vergleichenden Morphologie der Juliden und uber einige andere Diplopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 65 (1 / 3), 183 - 221.","Verhoeff, C. (1907) Uber Diplopoden 6. (26.) Aufsatz: Tausendfuβler aus Brandenburg und andere Formen aus Ostdeutschland und Osterreich-Ungarn. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 3, 291 - 337."]}

Megaphyllum projectum kochi (Verhoeff, 1907) Figs. 14���15, 17 a���b. Brachyiulus projectus kochi: Verhoeff 1907 (p. 302, Figs. 3���4, 9) Chromatoiulus projectus kochi: Jawłowski 1938 Megaphyllum (Chromatoiulus) projectum kochi: Gulička 1985 Megaphyllum projectum kochi: Tajovsk�� 1990 Material examined. MNB: ZMB 4534: 1 juv. 3, syntype, Sachsen (Saxony), Verhoeff leg.; ZMB 4829: 13, 3 ����, syntypes, Sachsen (Saxony); ZMB 3173 (Coll. Verhoeff): (var. prealpinus) 13, male gonopods, slide preparation, (Germany) Kehlheim; ZMB 3174: 233, male gonopods, 81 st and 87 th legpairs, slide preparation, (Germany) Frankenhausen; ZMB 8644: 2 ����, (Poland) Bialovies (Białowieża), ��� 1916 / 17 ���, VII. 17., det. Dr. O Schubart; ZMB 8645: 13, 1 ��, (Poland) Bialovies (Białowieża), 1933, 23.05. 1918, det. Dr. O Schubart; ZMB 8646: 1 juv. 3, Russland, Bialovies (Poland, Białowieża), ��� 2150 / 19 ���, 3.10. 1916, det. Dr. O Schubart; ZMB 8667: 1 ��, ���Sch. 1383 ��� (Germany) Sanssouci; ZMB 8668: 13, 1 ��, ��� 1 / 5, 30, 1315 ���, (Germany) Sanssouci, det. O. Schubart; ZMB 8672: 13, ���Sch 1601, 1612 ���, (Germany) Potsdam; ZMB 8677: 13, 1 ��, 7.X. 32, (Poland?) Oelser Forst (Ole��nica?), (leg?) Stammer; ZMB 8678: 13, 1 ��, ���Sch 1765 - 71 ���, (Poland?) Oels (Ole��nica?); ZMB 8683: 13, ���Sch 1875 ���, 15.IV. 33, (Germany) Wei��enwarthe; ZMB 8687: 13, ���Sch 1760 ���, (Poland) Ohlau (Oława), Oder; ZMB 8688: 13, 9.8.1933 (��� 10 ���), (Germany) Lingen, Emsland; ZMB 8690: 13, ���Sch 1750 ���, (Poland) Zobten Silsterwitz (Masyw Ślęży); ZMB 8692: 13, ���Sch 346 ���, 25.III. 23, (Germany) Karsdorf; ZMB 8696: 13, (Germany) Weimar, (leg.?) Fiebiger, IX. 1922; ZMB 8697: 13, ���Sch 355 ���, (Germany) Saalfeld; ZSM: A 20033656: (var. kochi and var. prealpinus) 233, gonopods, 83 rd and 85 th legpairs, slide preparation, regarded as type (Germany) W��rthsee; A 20041641: 13, gonopod, 1 legpair, slide preparation, (Germany) Berchtesgaden; A 20041642: 13, gonopod, antennae, slide preparation, (Germany) Chiemgau; A 20041643: 13, gonopod, slide preparation, (Germany) M��ggendorf; A 20060720: 13, Nord-B��hmen (North-Bohemia) (Czech Republic); ZMUC: 200024: 13, Slovakia, Smolenice, 60km NE from Bratislava, 48 �� 32 ���N 17 �� 26 ���E, 28. March. 2007, Quercus -Carpinus forest, leg. A. Barsevskis & A. Pankjans; 1 ��, Slovakia, Smolenice, 60km NE from Bratislava, 48 �� 32 ���N 17 �� 26 ���E, 28. March. 2007, Quercus -Carpinus forest, leg. A. Barsevskis & A. Pankjans; HNHM: 13, Slovakia, Mal�� Karpaty, Bukova, beech forest, 2004. March 19., leg. L. D��nyi; 13, Slovakia, Mal�� Karpaty, Trstin, Bukova, beech forest, 2004. March 19., leg. Z. Kors��s. Diagnosis. Overall body size same as the nominotypical subspecies (males 26.8��� 44 mm long, 2 ���3.4 mm high, with (46 + 2 +T)���(49 + 1 +T) segments, adult males varied between the developmental stadia X���XI; females 34.4���42.8 mm long, 3.2���4.3 mm high, with (48 + 1 +T)���(49 + 1 +T) segments, in XI���XII developmental stadia). Male genitalia: the intact gonopod complex narrower than at the nominotypical subspecies (Fig. 14.). In most cases this difference also obvious on dissected gonopods, too, from many directions (comparison of M. p. kochi and M. p. projectum on Figs. 15���16). M. p. kochi female with thinner, more elongated dorsal ampulla than M. p. projectum females (Fig. 17 a���b). Remarks. According to Verhoeff (1907) when the shape of the promere is not clear, then the lack of an apical serrated lobe is decisive. However, the serration did occur in M. p. kochi males, too, but in many cases only visible with the stereomicroscope at high magnification from caudal view, (in contrast to the view of the same gonopod under a standard light microscope), (Fig. 14). Body size of adult individuals usually bigger than proposed in the original description (males 26���35 mm (Verhoeff 1907)), but never as big as the biggest M. p. projectum individuals. Though vulvae of M. p. projectum and M. p. kochi females seem to be easily distinguished, those of M. p. deubeli are very similar to M. p. kochi. One M. p. kochi female was found with globular dorsal ampulla, but its collecting locality is dubious. ���Oelser Forst��� appears on the label, probably with O. Schubart���s handwriting, and it could mean a forest in Ole��nica, Poland., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2011, Revision of the Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff species complex (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 43-56 in Zootaxa 2864 on pages 50-52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.207900, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1907) Uber Diplopoden 6. (26.) Aufsatz: Tausendfuβler aus Brandenburg und andere Formen aus Ostdeutschland und Osterreich-Ungarn. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 3, 291 - 337.","Jawlowski, H. (1938) Materialy do znajomosci fauny krocionogow (Diplopoda) tatrzanskich. Fragmenta Faunistica Musei Zoologici Polonici, 3 (17), 315 - 343. (in Polish)","Gulicka, J. (1985) Kritisches Verzeichnis der Diplopoden der CSR (Bohmen / Cechy, Mahren / Morava, Schlesien / Slezsko) (Myriapoda). Faunistische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde Dresden, 12 (11), 107 - 123.","Tajovsky, K. (1990) Diplopoda in a secondary soil successional row. In: Minelli, A. (ed.) Proceedings of the 7 th International Congress of Myriapodology. E. J. Brill, Leiden, New York, Kobenhavn, Koln, pp. 229 - 234."]}

Megaphyllum projectum projectum Verhoeff, 1894 Figs. 1���8. Megaphyllum projectum: Verhoeff 1894 a (pp. 323���324, no figures) Brachyiulus projectus var. alticolus (Verhoeff, 1897) (Fig. III) Brachyiulus austriacus Latz. ssp. projectus: Verhoeff 1896 a, Figs. 27���28 Brachyiulus projectus alticolus: Verhoeff 1907 (Figs. 10���12) Brachyiulus projectus dioritanus (Verhoeff, 1907) (Figs. 5���8) Chromatoiulus projectus dioritanus: Szalay 1940 Megaphyllum (Chromatoiulus) projectum dioritanum: Gulička 1985 Brachyiulus projectus kochi (Verhoeff, 1907) (Figs. 3, 9) partim. Chromatoiulus projectus: Attems 1940 Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff, 1894: Hoffman 1980 (p. 104) Material examined. Brachyiulus projectus alticolus: MNB: ZMB 3313: 13, 1 ��, syntypes, (Romania) Bucsecs (Bucegi Mts.), Verhoeff leg.; ZMB 12971 a: 13, gonopods, 1 st and 2 nd legpairs, syntype, slide preparation (Nr. 1268 Coll. Verhoeff), (Romania) Bucsecs (Bucegi Mts.); ZMB 12971 bc: 233, gonopods, syntypes, slide preparation (Nr. 1269 and 1270 Coll. Verhoeff), (Romania) Bucsecs (Bucegi Mts.); Nr. 1271 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Romania) Sch��lerspitze (Mt. Postavarul); Nr. 1272 (Coll. Verhoeff): 233, gonopods, slide preparation, (Romania) Kr��henstein (Ciucaş Mts.); ZMB 4382: 13, 1 ��, Siebenb��rgen (Transylvania); ZSM: A 20033649: 13, gonopod, slide preparation, regarded as type, (Romania) Siebenb��rgen, Schuler (Transylvania, Mt. Postavarul); A 20060716 (Etk. Nr.: 648): 13, (Romania) Siebenb��rgen (Transylvania); A 20060716 (Etk. Nr.: 648): 13, (Romania) Schulerh��he (Mt. Postavarul); Brachyiulus projectus dioritanus: MNB: ZMB 4285: 233, 2 juv. 33, 1 ��, syntypes, S.W.-Siebenb��rgen (SW Transylvania), Verhoeff leg.; ZMB 12973: 233, gonopods, 2 legpairs, syntypes, slide preparations (Nr. 3175 Coll. Verhoeff), Broos; ZSM: A 20033650: 13, gonopod, slide preparation, regarded as type, (Slovakia) Kremnitz (Kremnica); A 20033651: 13, gonopod, slide preparation, regarded as type, (Austria) Feldbach; A 20033652: 13, gonopod, slide preparation, regarded as type, (Austria) Oberaudorf; A 20033653: 13, gonopod, slide preparation, regarded as type, (Austria) Inntal, Oberaudorf; A 20033654: 13, gonopod, slide preparation, regarded as type, (Italy) Sterzig (Vipiteno); A 20033655: (var. medius) 13, gonopod, slide preparation, regarded as type, (Germany) Gr��nkopf, Oberbayern; Reg. Nr. 20060718: 13, ��sterreich (Austria), Steiermark (Styria); Megaphyllum projectum: MNB: Nr. 1260 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Romania) Kronstadt (Braşov); Nr. 1261 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, 1 st (modified) legpair, 1 legpair, slide preparation, (Hungary) Oedenburg (Sopron); Nr. 1262 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Romania) Kronstadt (Braşov); Nr. 1263 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Romania) Kronstadt (Braşov); Nr. 1265 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Romania) Bucsecs (Bucegi Mts.); Nr. 1266 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Austria) Gleisdorf; Nr. 1267 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Romania) Hermannstadt (Sibiu); Nr. 1756 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Germany) Partenkirchen; Nr. 1757 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Romania) Herkulesbad (B��ile Herculane); Nr. 1758 (Coll. Verhoeff): 13, gonopods, slide preparation, (Hungary) Schwabenberg (Sv��bhegy); Nr. 2546 (Coll. Verhoeff): (var. hungaricus) 1 ��, (Hungary) Schwabenberg (Sv��bhegy); ZMB 1809: 13, Steiermark (Styria); ZMB 3198: 13, Ungarn (Hungary), ZMB 4381: 23, (Croatia) Istrien (Istria); HNHM: 13, Hungary, Balaton-felvid��ki NP, Fekete Mt., Querco petrae -Carpinetum, 27. June 2009, leg. Farkas & Laz��nyi; 13, Hungary, Balaton-felvid��ki NP, Fekete Mt., Quercetum petreae - cerris, 27. June 2009, leg. Farkas & Laz��nyi; 13, 1 ��, Hungary, Budakeszi, CT 46, safari park, 1988. Oct. 13., leg. I. F��rjes; 13, Hungary, M��tra Mt., M��traszentimre, B��d��s well, DU 10, ���No. 74 ���, 690m, 1975. Apr. 0 9., leg. A. Varga; 13, 1 ��, Hungary, N��gr��d county, Ipolytarn��c, paleontological park, 1997. Apr. 12., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, 1 ��, Hungary, East-Mecsek, B��taap��ti, Tilio argenteae- Fraxinetum, 2004. Sept. 30, leg. Z. Kors��s & A. Horv��th; 13, 1 ��, Hungary, Bakony, B��nd, YN 11, oak, 1991. VI. 11., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, Hungary, Ny��rs��g, B��torliget Nature Reserve, next to the research house, ET 99, 1990. June 29. leg Z. Kors��s; 13, Hungary, V��rtes Mts., Cs��kv��r, Haraszt Mt., Querco petrae -Carpinetum, 1985. Oct. 12., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, Hungary, B��rzs��ny Mts., ��� 2686 / 1935 ���, 1921, leg. Pongr��cz S��ndor; 13, Hungary, Budai Mts., Nagykov��csi, Kutya Mt., Quercetum petreae - cerris, 1988. March 24., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, 1 ��, Hungary, Budapest, Sz��chenyi Mt., TV-station, CT 46, 1989. March 25., leg. Molczer; 13, 1 ��, Hungary, T��m��rd, soil trap, 2001; 13, Hungary, Baranya county, Palkonya, Palkonya forest, 2003. Oct. 24., leg. O. Merkl; 13, Hungary, B��rzs��ny Mts., Verőcemaros, Morg�� and Testv��r spring, yellow sign, CU 50, 1991. March 31., leg. B. Farkas; 13, Hungary, Somogy county, Boronka-mell��ki Nature Reserve, Hossz��v��z, XM 85, 1990. Oct. 25., leg L. ��brah��m; 13, Hungary, N��gr��d county, Gar��b, Macska Mt., oak forest, 1988. Apr. 24., leg. Kors��s & R��ka; 13, Hungary, B��kk NP, Nagyvisny��, B��nk��t, beech forest, DU 62, 1988. Oct. 0 6., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, Hungary, Mecsek Mts., Orfű, Beech forest, BS 71, 1991. Sept. 12., leg. Z. Kors��s & H. Read; 13, Hungary, V��rv��lgy, Keszthelyi Mts., 1972. Apr. 22.���Jun. 26., leg. Dr. L. T��th; 13, Hungary, Zala county, Zala hills, Lov��szi, Koldustető hill, 2007. Sept. 18., leg. L. D��nyi, J. Kontsch��n, D. Mur��nyi & Zs. Ujv��ri; 13, Hungary, Zala county, Zala hills, Szentmargitfalva, Bikucsaerdő, N 46 �� 30 ��� E 16 �� 39 ���, 183m, 2007. Sept. 18., leg. L. D��nyi, J. Kontsch��n, D. Mur��nyi & Zs. Ujv��ri; 433, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Szelcepuszta, 1989. III. 21 ���V. 11., leg. O. Merkl; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Őzescrag, DU 77, 1988. July 30., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, M��nes-valley, 1988. Nov. 16., soil trap, leg. Z. Kors��s & O. Merkl; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Patk��s-side, 1987. May 13., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Sz��gliget, M��nes-valley, 1988. May 0 2., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, J��svafő, Nagyside, 1988. Aug. 0 3., leg. Z. Kors��s; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Szin, H��l��-valley, 1990. Apr. 24., leg. O Merkl; 233, 1 ��, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Sz��gliget, Patk��s-valley, soil trap, Aegopodio -Alnetum, 350m, 1987. May��� Aug., leg. Sz��l & ��d��m; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, J��svafő, hillside, under stones, 1990. Apr. 25., leg. O. Merkl; 333, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Szin, Patk��s-valley, Aegopodio -Alnetum, soil trap, 1987. May. 0 2., leg. ��d��m; 1133, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Aggtelek, M��nes-valley, soil trap, Querco petrae -Carpinetum, 250m, 1988. May 02.���Sept. 26., leg. O. Merkl; (Megaphyllum projectum det. Z. Kors��s 1990) 233, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Sz��gliget, Sz��dv��r, 1990. Oct. 19., leg. O. Merkl; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Szin, Patk��s-valley, Puska P��lspring, DU 77, 1989. Apr. 27., leg. I. F��rjes; 433, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Aggtelek, Patk��s-side, Querco petrae - Carpinetum, soil trap, 1987. June��� 1988. May, leg. Z. Kors��s & O. Merkl; 13, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Aggtelek, Querco petrae -Carpinetum, soil trap, 1989. March. 21.���May 0 9., leg. O. Merkl; 233, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Szin, Szelcepuszta, Querco petrae -Carpinetum, soil trap, 1989. May 07.���June 29., leg. O. Merkl; 1 ��, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Szin, Szelcepuszta, 1989. March 20., leg. O. Merkl; 1 ��, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, M��nes-valley, Querco petrae -Carpinetum, 1989. March 21., leg. O. Merkl; 1 ��, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, M��nes-valley, M��nesstream, DU 77, 1989. Apr. 27., leg. I. F��rjes; 1 ��, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Sz��gliget, Patk��s-valley, 1988. May 0 2., leg. Z. Kors��s; 1 ��, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, J��svafő, Tohonya-valley, DU 67, 1999. May 24., leg. R. D. Kime; 1 ��, Hungary, Aggteleki NP, Haragistya, 2009. June; 1 ��, Hungary, Keszthelyi Mts., V��llus, XM 78, 1994. May 23., Leg. Z. Kors��s; 3 ����, Romania, Maramureş Mts., Mţii. Rodnei, S��cel, Pietrii Pass, spruce forest, 1200m, singled, 2006. Sept. 20., leg. A. Grabant, Z. Gy��rgy, O. Merkl & A. Podluss��ny; 1 ��, Romania, Maramureş county, Rodna Mts., S��cel, Iza spring, pine forest, 900m, 2006. Sept. 19., leg. A. Grabant, Z. Gy��rgy, O. Merkl & A. Podluss��ny; 1 ��, Romania, Maramureş county, ��� 2006 / 9 ���, Ţibleş Mts., Dragomireşti, Poienii valley, stream in a beech forest, 901m, N 47 �� 32 ��� 58 E 24 �� 16 ��� 29, leg. L. D��nyi, J. Kontsch��n & D. Mur��nyi; 1 ��, Romania, L��puş, Mtii. V��leni, Sec��tura, 754m, 2006. May 23., L. D��nyi, M. F��ldv��ri, J. Kontsch��n & D. Mur��nyi; 1 ��, Romania, Maramureşului basin, Rona de Sus, H��ra, 2007. June 28., leg. A. Grabant, Z. Gy��rgy, O. Merkl & A. Podluss��ny. Diagnosis. Males 25.9���53.9 mm long, 1.8���3.2 mm high, (44 + 2 +T)���(52 + 1 +T) segments, adult males varied between the developmental stadia X���XII. Overall body colour greyish black with a longitudinal black line dorsally. Ozopores on the suture, form of preanal process variable, sometimes straight but mostly curved dorsally. Male genitalia (Fig. 1): promeres (Fig. 2) with special riffle for holding opisthomere; apical end of promere with a serrated lobe; opisthomere (Figs. 3���7) with two well-pronounced processes, both well-developed, serrated and directed ventrally (parallel with the telopodite). Telopodite with two processes, a side lobe and a dermal lobe ending in a flagellal hook. Females 30 ���51.9 mm long, 2.6���4.2 mm high, with (42 + 1 +T)���(49 + 1 +T) segments, adult females varied between the developmental stadia XI���XIII. Overall body colour variable, mainly brownish with a black longitudinal line dorsally, surrounded by two yellowish lines. Female genitalia: two big ampullas, the dorsal wide, bulbous one joining the elongated, well-developed ventral one by a long spiral apodemic tube (Fig. 8 a���c). Vulval chaetotaxy not clear, all vulval parts bear randomly arranged setae. Remarks. Following Verhoeff (e.g. 1907) the anterior process of the opisthomere was frequently called ���Schutzblattfortsatz��� while the posterior one ���Mesomeritfortsatz��� but its position clearly shows that it is not a part of the mesomere (Attems 1927). In this genus, according to Attems��� (1927) nomenclature, the mesomere is a paracoxite or coxal process (Attems 1940) and it is similar to the ���Schutzblattfortsatz���. There is a telopodite situated apically on the opisthomere, with two processes: anterior called ���Nebenlappen��� i.e. side lobe, and posterior ���Hautlappen, welches sich an das Flagellumh��ckchen anschlie��t��� (Verhoeff 1907) i.e. ���dermal lobe���, ending in a flagellal hook. Different levels of within-population variability of male gonopods were found: (1) differences of the same opisthomere due to changing its orientation under microscope (Figs. 5���7), (2) differences between right and left opisthomeres (Figs. 8 d���e, g���h), (3) differences among individuals from the same vial (Figs. 8 d���f), collecting locality or region (Figs. 8 d���i). E.g. if we have a caudo-lateral view of the opisthomere (Fig. 5), the anterior process seems to be thinner, the posterior and postero-apical processes wider. However, if we change to antero-lateral view (Fig. 7), the opisthomere seems to have a wide anterior and a thin posterior process and the postero-apical process seems to be very thin. The first character combination describes B. p. projectus, the second fits for B. p. dioritanus. Therefore we concluded that B. p. dioritanus is not a valid subspecies. This problem of positioning has already been observed at the Craspedosoma rawlinsii -group, where 195 nominal taxa had been reduced to only 6 (Hauser 2004). Individuals previously identified as B. p. alticolus showed the following characters: one intact male type specimen about 26 mm long, in stadium X. All other older males, in stadium XI, therefore longer, out of the proposed range of B. p. alticolus (which would be 25���28 mm for males (Verhoeff 1897)). Shape of promere variable, sometimes like a B. p. projectus, or even tapering-like. The relative length of the two apical processes on the opisthomere was also variable, sometimes fitting the description of B. p. alticolus but long postero-apical processes were found, too. In addition, the within-population study provided individuals with even-length apical processes, while individuals in the same vials had long + short apical processes (Figs. 8 d���e). Therefore we concluded that B. p. alticolus is not a valid subspecies, only an infrasubspecific category which has no standing in nomenclature (ICZN 2000). The male specimen from Berchtesgaden, Germany, identified as B. p. kochi by Verhoeff seems to be a true M. p. projectum. The external morphology of M. projectum vulvae was already represented in an early, little-known pioneer work by Szir��ki (1966), while the inner structure was illustrated by Laz��nyi & Kors��s (see Fig. 7 in Laz��nyi & Kors��s 2010). We found a M. p. projectum female with elongated dorsal ampulla from the Aggtelek NP which lies on the distributional border of the two valid subspecies. An atypical male with intermediate-shaped promeres was also found in the ANP. The existence of intermediate forms in the overlapping distribution areas confirms the subspecies status of M. p. projectum and M. p. kochi., Published as part of Laz��nyi, Eszter & Kors��s, Zolt��n, 2011, Revision of the Megaphyllum projectum Verhoeff species complex (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Julida: Julidae), pp. 43-56 in Zootaxa 2864 on pages 45-49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.207900, {"references":["Verhoeff, C. (1894 a) Zur Kenntnis der Copulationsorgane der Juliden, uber eine neue Juliden-Gattung und eine neue Tachypodoiulus-Art. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 17, 321 - 325.","Verhoeff, C. (1896 a) Beitrage zur Kenntniss palaarktischer Myriopoden. IV. Aufsatz: Uber Diplopoden Tirols, der Ostalpen und anderer Gegenden Europas, nebst vergleichend-morphologischen und biologischen Mittheilungen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 62 (3), 187 - 242.","Verhoeff, C. (1907) Uber Diplopoden 6. (26.) Aufsatz: Tausendfuβler aus Brandenburg und andere Formen aus Ostdeutschland und Osterreich-Ungarn. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 3, 291 - 337.","Szalay, L. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Myriopoden-Fauna der Kecske- und Szent Istvan-Hohle. Fragmenta Faunistica Hungarica, 3 (1), 7 - 9.","Gulicka, J. (1985) Kritisches Verzeichnis der Diplopoden der CSR (Bohmen / Cechy, Mahren / Morava, Schlesien / Slezsko) (Myriapoda). Faunistische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde Dresden, 12 (11), 107 - 123.","Attems, C. (1940) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Iuliden. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 50, 294 - 327.","Hoffman, R. L. (1980) Classification of the Diplopoda. Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, 237 pp.","Attems, C. (1927) Uber palaearktische Diplopoden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 92 (1 - 2), 1 - 256.","Hauser, H. (2004) Untersuchungen zur Systematik und Biogeografie der Craspedosoma rawlinsii Leach-Gruppe (Diplopoda: Chordeumatida: Craspedosomatidae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, Beiheft 9, 1 - 32.","ICZN (2000): International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature 1999, The Natural History Museum, London, 132 pp.","Lazanyi, E. & Korsos, Z. (2010) Megaphyllum silvaticum (Verhoeff, 1898) (Diplopoda: Julida), a new species to the Hungarian millipede fauna, with notes on the status of M. s. discolor (Verhoeff, 1907) and on their relationship to M. projectum Verhoeff, 1894. Opuscula Zoologica, Budapest, 41 (1), 39 - 46."]}

List of Riukiaria species 1. Riukiaria anachoreta Tanabe, 1988 ��� Japan, Kyushu, Kagoshima Prefecture, Kagoshima City, Yoshida 2. Riukiaria bifida (Takakuwa, 1942) ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Kagoshima Prefecture, Amami-O-shima Island 3. Riukiaria capaca Wang and Zhang, 1993 ��� China, Fujian Prov., Jangle County 4. Riukiaria chelifera (Takakuwa, 1941) ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Okinawa Prefecture, Ishigaki-jima Island 5. Riukiaria chinensis Tanabe, Ishii and Yin, 1996 ��� China, Zhejiang Prov., Tian-mu Mts. 6. Riukiaria cohaesiva (Wang, 1957) ��� Taiwan, Taipei County, "Urai" (= Wulai) 7. Riukiaria contigua (Wang, 1957) ��� Taiwan, Taipei County, "Urai" (= Wulai) 8. Riukiaria cornuta (Haga, 1968) ��� Japan, Kyushu, Kumamoto Prefecture, Kuma District, Mt. Gongen-yama 9. Riukiaria datei (Miyosi, 1957) ��� Japan, Shikoku, Ehime Prefecture, Minamiuwa District, Ka-shima Island 10. Riukiaria diacantha (Miyosi, 1952) ��� Japan, Shikoku, Ehime Prefecture, Kitauwa District, Aizi (=Kihoku Town) 11. Riukiaria falcifera Verhoeff, 1936 ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Okinawa Prefecture, Okinawa-jima Island 12. Riukiaria geniculata (Takakuwa, 1941) ��� Japan, Kyushu, ���Nagasaki��� 13. Riukiaria holstii (Pocock, 1895) ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Okinawa Prefecture, Okinawa-jima Island 14. Riukiaria jamila Tanabe, 1990 ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Kagoshima Prefecture, Yaku-shima Island 15. Riukiaria marinae (Golovatch, 1978) ��� Japan, Kyushu, Nagasaki Prefecture, Unzen City, Obama 16. Riukiaria montana (Haga, 1968) ��� Japan, Kyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Kitakyushu City, Mt. Sarakura-san 17. Riukiaria ochracea (Gressitt, 1941) ��� Taiwan, ���Sozan��� 18. Riukiaria puella Tanabe, 1988 ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Kagoshima Prefecture, Yaku-shima Island 19. Riukiaria pugionifera Verhoeff, 1936 ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Okinawa prefecture, Okinawa-jima Island 20. Riukiaria rosulans (T��m��sv��ry, 1885) ��� Japan, Kyushu, ���Nangasaki��� 21. Riukiaria scutata (Takakuwa, 1942) ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Kagoshima Prefecture, Amami-O-shima Island 22. Riukiaria semicircularis (Takakuwa, 1941) ���In the original description the type locality was not specifically designated. However, in the list of localities given there Kagoshima [City] is the first, then followed by Honshu (north to Ishikawa Prefecture) of Japan, and Busan of South Korea. Riukiaria semicircularis hosidei (Miyosi, 1952) ��� Japan, Honshu, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Hagi City, Kasayama 23. Riukiaria spiralipes (Takakuwa, 1942) ��� Japan, Ryukyus, Okinawa Prefecture, Kume-jima Island 24. Riukiaria taiwana (Takakuwa, 1942) ��� Taiwan, Taichung County, Taichung 25. Riukiaria uncata (Haga, 1968) ��� Japan, Honshu, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Mine District, Shibuki 26. Riukiaria uraensis (Wang, 1956) ��� Taiwan, Taipei County, "Urai" (= Wulai) In addition to the 26 nominal species and one subspecies above (some of them may turn out to be synonyms of each other), the following two species can probably also be assigned to Riukiaria: ��� Pachydesmus ��� attemsi Wang, 1960 (Taiwan, Yan Ming Shan), and Sinoria tianmu Tanabe, Ishii and Yin, 1996 (China, Zhejiang Prov., Tian-mu Mts.). Here we present the descriptions of two new species, both from the Ryukyu Archipelago which gave its name to the entire genus (Verhoeff 1936)., Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n, Nakamura, Yasuyuki & Tanabe, Tsutomu, 2011, Two new millipede species of the genus Riukiaria (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Xystodesmidae) endemic to the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan, pp. 55-68 in Zootaxa 2877 on page 56, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.277567, {"references":["Tanabe, T. (1988) Two new species of the genus Riukiaria from Kyushu and Is. Yaku-shima, Japan (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae). Acta Arachnologica, 37, 37 - 45.","Takakuwa, Y. (1942) Ueber weitere japanische Rhysodesmus arten. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa, 32 (224), 197 - 203.","Wang, D. & Zhang, Ch. (1993) Diplopoda, Chilopoda. In: Huang, Ch. M. (Ed.) Animals of Longqi Mountain. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, (8), 845 - 851. [in Chinese with English summary]","Takakuwa, Y. (1941) Rhysodesmus - Arten aus Japan. Transactions of the Natural History Society of Formosa, 31, 413 - 415.","Tanabe, T., Ishii, K. & Yin, W-Y. (1996) Two new xystodesmid millipedes from the Tian-mu Mountains, Zhejiang Province, China. Edaphologia, 57, 13 - 19.","Wang, Y-H. M. (1957) Serica 1 g: Records of myriapods on Taiwan Islands (4) Six new polydesmids. Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 10 (3 - 4), 103 - 111.","Haga, A. (1968) [Japanese Millipedes]. Private publication, 11 pp. [In Japanese]","Miyosi, Y. (1957) Beitrage zur Kenntniss japanischer Myriopoden. 22. Aufsatz: Uber zwei neue Arten von Diplopoda. Zoological Magazine, 66 (10), 403 - 406. [In Japanese with German summary]","Verhoeff, K. W. (1936) Zur Kenntnis ostasiatischer Strongylosomiden and Fontariiden. 149. Diplopoden-Aufsatz. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 115, 297 - 311.","Pocock, R. I. (1895) Report upon the Chilopoda and Diplopoda obtained by P. W. Bassett-Smith, Esq., Surgeon R. N., and J. J. Walker, Esq., R. N., during the cruise in the Chinese Seas of H. M. S. ' Penguin', Commander W. U. Moore commanding. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 15, 346 - 372.","Tanabe, T. (1990) A new milliped of the genus Riukiaria from Is. Yaku-shima, Japan (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae). Zoological Science, 7, 443 - 447.","Golovatch, S. I. (1978) [Some new East Asian millipedes (Diplopoda) in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences]. Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 57 (3), 677 - 681. [In Russian]","Gressitt, J. L. (1941) New myriopods from Formosa and Hainan Island. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 11, 8 (43), 55 - 61.","Tomosvary, O. (1885) Myriopoda a Joanne Xantus in Asia Orientali collecta. Termeszetrajzi Fuzetek, 9, 63 - 72. [In Latin]","Wang, Y-H. M. (1956) Serica 1 e: Records of myriapods on Formosa with description of new species (2). Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 9 (2), 155 - 159.","Wang, Y-H. M. (1960) On millipedes and centipedes from Taiwan, China. In: Verhandlungen der XI. Internationalen Kongress fur Entomologie. Wien, pp. 288 - 291."]}

Yamasinaium latum sp. nov. Figs 19���30. Material examined. Holotype: male (NMNS- 6460 -001, D-0636), Taiwan, Nantou County, Huisun timberland, 0 1 March 1998, leg. S. H. Wu. Paratypes: 7 males, 5 females (NMNS- 6460 -002, D-0636, D- 0163), 3 males, 2 females (IBSS), 1 male, 1 female (ZMUM), 1 male, 1 female (NSYSUB), same locality, together with holotype, 0 1 March 1998, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 male (dissected for SEM: anterior and posterior body parts, midbody segment, gonopods) (IBSS), 2 females (NMNS- 6460 -003, D-0052), same locality, 29 March 1998, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 male, 2 females (NSYSUB, 0001), Taiwan, Nantou County, Ren-ai Township, Huisun timberland, under rotten wood, 10 July 2007, leg. M. H. Hsu; 1 female (NMNS- 6460 -004, D-0698), Taiwan, Nantou County, Ren-ai Township, Meifeng, 0 1 April 2002, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 male (NMNS- 6460 -005, D- 0675), same locality, 11 July 2002, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 female (HNHM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen, experimental forest area, primary forest, 23 �� 42.5 ��� N, 120 �� 55.3 ��� E, 1615 m, 15 May 2008, leg. L. D��nyi, Z. Kors��s & E. Laz��nyi; 1 male, 1 female (HNHM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen, experimental forest area, Cryptomeria japonica plantation, 23 �� 43.4 ��� N, 120 �� 54.9 ��� E, 1335 m, 16 May 2008, leg. L. D��nyi, Z. Kors��s & E. Laz��nyi; 1 male (HNHM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen, experimental forest area, Cryptomeria japonica plantation, 23 �� 43.2 ��� N, 120 �� 55.1 ��� E, 1405 m, 16 May 2008, leg. L. D��nyi, Z. Kors��s & E. Laz��nyi; 1 male, 6 females (NMNS- 6460 -006), 1 male, 6 females, 6 juveniles (HNHM), Taiwan, Anmashan, Tahsueh-shan Forest Recreation Area, 2900 m, 24 �� 16.66 ��� N, 121 ��01.50��� E, 2 December 1998, leg. Gy. F��bi��n & Z. Kors��s; 2 females (NMNS- 6460 -007), Taiwan, Taichung County, Mts Da-Hsue-san, Cryptomeria japonica plantation, over 2000 m, April-May 2006, leg. Tunghai University Spider Research Team; 2 males, 10 juveniles (HNHM), Taiwan, Taichung County, Mts Da-Hsue-san, logging road No. 210, Cryptomeria plantation, 2000 m a.s.l., 14 October 2007, leg. Z. Kors��s; 2 males, 2 females (NMNS- 6460 -008), 2 males, 2 females (HNHM), Taiwan, Taichung County, Mt. Da-Hsue-san, SE slope of Shaolai Shan, 24 �� 13.734 ��� N, 120 �� 58.738 ��� E, 2003 m, primary broad-leaved forest, 24 October 2009, leg. L. D��nyi & E. Laz��nyi. Diagnosis. This new species differs from congeners mainly by the collum being ca 3 times as broad as long, and broader than the head, as well as in having the body longer than in Y. noduligerum, but shorter than in Y. koreanum, in the shorter legs, and the very evident tubercles on the metaterga. Description. Male. Length 10���21 mm, width 0.9���1.8 mm with paranota. 38���57 body segments including telson. Holotype 15 mm long, 1.1 mm wide, with 47 segments including telson. Coloration in alcohol yellowwhitish, grey-yellowish, yellow or light tan. Head densely setose. Collum with small but distinct paranota directed anterolaterad, not covering head, latter visible in dorsal view (Figs 19 & 20). Collum much broader than head, ca 3 times as broad as long. Two rows of subequal tubercles on collum; each row with gap near axial suture, this gap being especially clear in anterior row. Body covered with dense minute pubescence and papillae. Papillae on pleura large. Paranota subhorizontal, not very large (Fig 30). Lateral paranotal margins on nearly all segments, except for a few fore- (1���5) and hindmost segments, with a notch. Lateral edges of segments 1���5 rounded. Paranota 2���4 narrower than following ones. Penultimate paranota extending strictly caudad and flanking telson (Fig. 21). Midbody segments (Figs 22���23) with two transverse rows of high distinct tubercles of subequal size all over body; caudal row being shorter; anterior row longer and terminating near lateral paranotal margin. Caudal paranotal margins with distinct notches starting from segment 5, anterior margins entire. Legs slender, somewhat shorter than segment widths together with paranota, terminating somewhat before lateral paranotal margins. Claws normal. Two pairs of gonopods directed anteriad. Anterior gonopod (Figs 24 ���25, 28) 7 -segmented, with groups of long setae. Coxite broad and papillate. Podomere 2 short. Each of podomeres 3���6 with median protuberance carrying strong setae. Ultimate podomere excavated centrally to accommodate stylets of posterior gonopod (Fig. 25). Posterior gonopods (Figs 26 ���27, 29) also 7 -segmented, covered with sparse long setae. Coxite broad and papillate. Ultimate podomere longest, with two prominent, parallel, apical stylets. Each stylet with spur subapically. Gonopod sternites papillate, with two apical setae. Female. Length 10���31 mm, width 1.0���2.0 mm together with paranota; 36���69 body segments including telson. Nonsexual characters as in male. Name. The specific epithet refers to the collum being broader as compared to that in Y. noduligerum. Remarks. The genus Yamasinaium has hitherto been known to encompass only two species: Y. noduligerum, the type-species described from Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan (Verhoeff 1939), and Y. koreanum Golovatch, 1981, discovered in Korea (Golovatch 1981). A side-by-side comparison of the above new species with type material of Y. noduligerum revealed the following differences. Y. latum is distinguished by the collum being broader, both clearly broader than the head and about 3 times as broad as its maximum length (Figs 19 & 20). The collum of Y. latum supports clearcut anterolateral lobes, while Y. noduligerum shows the collum subequal in width to or slightly narrower than the head, only about 2 times as broad as its maximum length, and devoid of evident anterolateral lobes. Besides this, these two species differ in body size (10���21 mm long in Y. latum versus 8.5���10.5 in Y. noduligerum) and leg length (slightly shorter, not reaching the lateral margin of the paranota in Y. latum, versus slightly longer, reaching the lateral margin of the paranota, in Y. noduligerum). The new species differs from Y. koreanum mainly in the well-developed tubercles on the metaterga, the smaller body size (versus 22���28 mm long in Y. koreanum), the presence of a notch at the caudal paranotal margin, the less abundant tergal pilosity, and the development of subapical spurs on the stylets of the posterior gonopod. MAP. Distribution of Brachycybe disticha sp. nov. and Yamasinaium latum sp. nov. in Taiwan. Borderlines show borders between the counties. Filled triangle: Brachycybe disticha sp. nov., open circle: Yamasinaium latum sp. nov., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V., Golovatch, Sergei I., Kors��s, Zolt��n, Chen, Chao-Chun & Chang, Hseuh-Wen, 2010, The millipede order Platydesmida (Diplopoda) in Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species, pp. 51-63 in Zootaxa 2718 on pages 57-61, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199801, {"references":["Verhoeff, K. W. (1939) Diplopoden von der Ryukyu-Insel Okinawa. Transactions of the Biogeographical Society of Japan, 3 (2), 118 - 122.","Golovatch, S. I. (1981) Some East-Asiatic millipedes (Diplopoda) in the collection of the Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Annales Zoologici, 36 (8), 161 - 168."]}

Brachycybe disticha sp. nov. Figs 1 ���16, 18. Material examined. Holotype: male (NMNS- 6459 -001, D-0027), Taiwan, Nantou County, Huisun timberland, 12 November 1997, leg. S. H. Wu. Paratypes: 5 males (one dissected for SEM: anterior and posterior body parts, midbody segment, gonopods), 4 females (IBSS), 1 male, 1 female (ZMUM), 1 male, 2 females (NSYSUB), 5 males, 11 females, 1 juvenile (NMNS- 6459 -002, D-0027), same locality, together with holotype, 12 November 1997, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 male (NMNS- 6459 -003, D-0159), same locality, 27 December 1997, leg. S. H. Wu; 2 males (NMNS- 6459 -004, D-0158), same locality, 8 February 1998, leg. S. H. Wu; 1 female (HNHM, No. 157), Taiwan, Nantou County, Ren-ai Township, Meifeng, 24 ��06��� N, 121 �� 12 ��� E, 2300 m, 5���6 September 2003, leg. G. Csorba & Z. Kors��s; 1 female (HNHM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Ren-ai Township, Wushe, western slope of Meifeng, 24 ��04.913��� N, 121 ��09.434��� E, 1659 m, disturbed secondary broad-leaved forest, 13 October 2009, leg. L. D��nyi & E. Laz��nyi; 1 female (NMNS- 6459 -005), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen biodiversity project, 1600 m a.s.l., Cryptomeria plantation (plot E 10 ��� 2), May 2006, leg. Tunghai University Spider Research Group; 1 male, 3 females (NMNS- 6459 -006), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen, experimental forest area, primary forest, 23 �� 42.5 ��� N, 120 �� 55.3 ��� E, 1615 m, 15 May 2008, leg. L. D��nyi, Z. Kors��s & E. Laz��nyi; 1 female (HNHM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Shueili, Renluen, experimental forest area, primary forest, 23 �� 42.7 ��� N, 120 �� 56.2 ��� E, 1901 m, 16 May 2008, leg. L. D��nyi, Z. Kors��s & E. Laz��nyi; 4 males, 2 females (HNHM), Taiwan, Pingtung County, Mutan, 8 December 1998, leg. Gy. F��bi��n & Z. Kors��s; 3 males (NSYSUB, 0002), Taiwan, Pingtung County, Shizi Township, Neiwen, under rotten wood, 5 October 2002, leg. S. Y. Wu. Non-type: 1 male (NSYSUB), Taiwan, Kaohsiung County, Lioguei, Shanping Workstation, May 2004, leg. M. J. Hung. Diagnosis. This species differs from congeners mainly by the collum showing three rows of tubercles, by distinct paranota on the collum directed anterolaterad, in the presence of six apical stylets on the posterior gonopods, in the steep lateral slopes of the dorsum and in the large, mid-dorsal tubercles forming two evident paramedian rows virtually all along the body. Description. Male. Length mainly ca 8.5 ���15.0 mm, width ca 2.7���4.1 mm together with paranota, 33���47 body segments including telson. Body length of most of males 12���14 mm, width ca 4.0 mm, with 41 or 44 body segments. Holotype 15 mm long, 4.0 mm wide, with 47 segments including telson. Male from Kaohsiung County 20.5 mm long, 4.7 mm wide, with 53 body segments including telson, being distinguished not only by its considerably larger size, but also due to its peculiar collum (see below). Coloration in alcohol: dorsum light tan with paraterga growing lighter distad; ventral side of body and legs yellowish white; head yellowish or white. Coloration of younger, smaller individuals lighter to pallid. Head moderately densely setose. Collum with distinct paranota directed anterolaterad (Fig. 1). Three rows of tubercles on each side of collum: anterior row with 1���2 tubercles, middle and posterior rows with 3���4 tubercles, these varying in size with paramedian ones being larger. Body covered with dense minute pubescence. Slopes of dorsum steep, so body in cross-section subtriangular (Fig. 2). Paranota 2���4 narrower than following ones, their lateral margins being rounded (Fig. 3). In Fig. 3, anterior body end inclined somewhat caudad, yet difference between shapes of paranota 2���4 and of following ones more drastic than shown in Fig. 3. Lateral paranotal margin of remaining segments with a small notch (Fig. 4). Midbody segments with two rows of tubercles on metazona, caudal row shorter and extending to base of paranota; anterior row longer, extending to about midlength of paranota. Paramedian tubercles considerably larger. Mid-dorsal tubercles on all segments combined forming two distinct paramedian rows extending all along body (Fig. 15). Paranota curved strongly anteriad on segments 2���5, increasingly less so on segments 6���10 (11), slightly curved caudad on segment 11 (12) and following segments; caudal curvature of paranota increasingly clear on 6���7 posteriormost segments in front of telson; paranota of penultimate segment produced strictly caudad and flanking telson (Fig. 5). Caudal paranotal margins entire, without notches. Legs slender, shorter than segment width together with paranota, terminating before lateral paranotal margins. Claws normal. Two pairs of gonopods directed anteriad. Anterior gonopods (Figs 6, 7, 12 & 13) 7 -segmented, covered with long setae. Coxite broad. Podomere 2 short. Each of following podomeres (3���6) with a medial protuberance carrying strong setae. Ultimate podomere excavated centrally to accommodate stylets of posterior gonopod. Posterior gonopods (Figs 8, 9 & 14) 7 -segmented, covered with sparse long setae. Coxite broad. Ultimate podomere longest, with six prominent, parallel, apical or subapical stylets of varying length. Each stylet with triangular spur subapically and group of minute batons near middle. Gonopod sterna with low papillae and two apical setae. Female. Length ca 14���18.5 mm, width 3.9���4.8 mm together with paranota; 44���48 body segments including telson. Most of females with bodies 15���17 mm in length, ca 4.5 mm in width, with 44 or 47 body segments. Nonsexual characters as in male. Anterior body end and collum as in Figs 10 & 11. Juvenile. Length ca 9.0 mm, width 2.5 mm together with paranota; 29 body segments including telson. Name. The specific epithet refers to two parallel rows of larger mid-dorsal tubercles along the axial line. Remarks. The holotype of Brachycybe nodulosa (Verhoeff, 1935), the type-species of Bazillozonium Verhoeff, 1935, the latter genus being a junior synonym of Brachycybe (Gardner 1974 / 75), was revised for comparative purposes. Bazillozonium nodulosum was originally described from Beppu, Oita Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan but, according to Shelley et al. (2005), following Moritz & Fischer (1974) and a personal communication from S. Friedrich (ZSM), the reference to Beppu as being located near Tokyo, Honshu Island, Japan as given by Verhoeff (1935) is a mistake. Beppu in fact borders on Oita City. A side-by-side comparison of both these species revealed them to differ considerably. Thus, B. disticha shows the collum supporting three rows tubercles and broader anterolateral lobes (Figs 1, 11), as opposed to two rows and narrower lobes in B. nodulosa. In addition, in B. disticha the slopes of the dorsum are steep (Fig. 16), so the body in crosssection looks subtriangular (Fig. 2), whereas in B. nodulosa the dorsum is flatter (Fig. 17) and similar to a rounded arch in cross-section. Besides this, the paramedian mid-dorsal tubercles in B. disticha are much larger and placed closer to each other, thus forming two evident longitudinal rows extending all along the body (Fig. 15). In contrast, the paramedian mid-dorsal tubercles in B. nodulosa are smaller and more widely separated, not composing evident longitudinal rows. Furthermore, the body in B. disticha is broader than that of B. nodulosa. This is clear from pictures (Figs 16 & 17) taken from body fragments of both these species using specimens with about the same number of segments: 47 in B. disticha (Fig. 16), and 50 in B. nodulosa, according to Verhoeff (1935) (Fig. 17). Both differ also in the number of apical stylets on the posterior gonopod: six in B. disticha versus four in B. nodulosa. The legs of B. disticha are slightly shorter than in B. nodulosa as well. The male from Kaohsiung County, treated here as a non-type, is peculiar, differing from the other presumed conspecific samples of B. disticha from Taiwan in being 20.5 mm long, 4.7 mm wide, showing 53 body segments including the telson, and the collum rather resembling that of B. nodulosa, i.e. narrower anterolateral lobes and two rows of tubercles only on the right side of this tergite (Fig. 18). On the left side, the front row of tubercles is irregular, forming a group of tubercles. Yet, the front row of tubercles on the collum of the sample from Kaohsiung County appears to continue the inner edge of the collum���s lobe, this being characteristic of male B. disticha from the other places, whereas in B. nodulosa the front row of tubercles on the collum is not located in continuation of the inner edge of the lobe. As regards the remaining characters, including gonopod ones, this male from Kaohsiung County fails to differ from B. disticha. Considering the importance of collum structure in the identification of Brachycybe species (Shelley et al. 2005), we are inclined to treat the male from Kaohsiung County as representing B. disticha. However, more material is required to reveal the variation range of this species., Published as part of Mikhaljova, Elena V., Golovatch, Sergei I., Kors��s, Zolt��n, Chen, Chao-Chun & Chang, Hseuh-Wen, 2010, The millipede order Platydesmida (Diplopoda) in Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species, pp. 51-63 in Zootaxa 2718 on pages 52-57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.199801, {"references":["Verhoeff, K. W. (1935) Neue ostasiatische Colobognathen. 140. Diplopoden-Aufsatz. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 112 (3 / 4), 61 - 73.","Gardner, M. R. (1974 / 1975) Revision of the millipede family Andrognathidae in the Nearctic region. Memoirs of the Pacific Coast Entomological Society, 5, 1 - 61.","Shelley, R. M., McAllister, C. T. & Tanabe, T. (2005) A synopsis of the milliped genus Brachycybe Wood, 1864 (Platydesmida: Andrognathidae). Fragmenta Faunistica, 48 (2), 137 - 166.","Moritz, M. & Fischer, S. - C. (1974) Die Typen der Myriapoden-Sammlung des Zoologischen Museums Berlin. I. Diplopoda. Teil 1: Polyxenida, Glomerida, Sphaerotheriida, Glomeridesmida, Polyzonida, Craspedosomatida (Striariidae, Trachysomatidae, Chamaesomatidae, Orobainosomatidae, Mastigophorophyllidae, Neoatractosomatidae, Verhoeffiidae, Heterolatzeliidae, Conotylidae, Diplomaragnidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 49 (2), 351 - 385."]}

Eumastigonus hallelujah sp. n. Figs. 25, 27���32, 50. Type material: Holotype 3 (CMNZ): New Zealand, South Island, Canterbury Region, Arthur���s Pass Nat. Park, along Hallelujah Flat to Saddle���Andrew���s Stream, leg. P. M. Johns, 20 Nov. 1961, Nothofagus cliffortioides, under logs. Paratypes (253, 24 ��, and 5 juveniles): 23, 2 �� (CMNZ: one male is dissected for SEM: gonopods, 7 th ring) ��� Same locality and date 53, 4 �� and 2 juveniles (CMNZ) ��� Arthur���s Pass Nat. Park, Cass, Hallelujah Flat, Andrews Stream mouth, river terrace, 750 m, leg. P. M. Johns & M. Williams, 14 Oct. 1960, under logs; 83, 8 �� (HNHM, vulva prep.) ��� Craigieburn Range, Cave Stream, leg. Z. Kors��s & Aorangi Exp., 8 Feb. 1995, in Nothofagus forest; 23 (see Fig. 24) and 1 f# (HNHM) ��� Craigieburn Forest Park, Lyndon Hut, S 43 ��09��� ��� E 171 �� 43 ���, picnic area, 821 m, leg. Z. Kors��s, 28 May 2006, in Nothofagus cliffortioides forest; 13, 4 �� (CMNZ) ��� Craigieburn Range, Lyndon Hut, Cave Stream, Ski Club/picnic area, 900 m, leg. P. M. Johns, 28 May 2006, under Nothofagus logs; 43, 2 ��, and 3 juveniles (ZMUC Copenhagen) ��� Arthur���s Pass Nat. Park, Hallelujah Flat, 750 m, leg. P. M. Johns, 22 Nov. 1961, under logs; 33, 3 �� (MNHN) ��� Arthur���s Pass Nat. Park, Poulter Valley, Rabbit Farm hut/Aeroplane Flat, 610 m, leg. P. M. Johns, 10 Feb. 1962, under logs. Other material studied: 5293, 457 ��, and 32 juveniles from about 150 sites. Diagnosis: Closest to E. insulanus in size, colour, and partly in gonopod structure, but differing in ocellarium (ocelli arranged usually in 3���4 rows, in a triangular shape) and by the details of gonopods: median process of anterior gonopods have a thin, beak-like process pointed mesad, telepodite of anterior gonopods flat, parallel-sided, slightly directed mesad, apically setose. Posterior gonopods with broad, pointed apical lamella. Etymology: Named after the type locality. Description: Length: 19���32 mm, max. midbody diameter: 1.8���2.8 mm, no. of rings: 37���44 podous, 2���4 apodous, plus telson. Head rounded, with no sculpture, no setae. Gnathochilarium typical cambalidean, antennae of average length, reaching 2 nd ring if bent backwards. About 22���36 ocelli in 4 (rarely in 5) rows, in a triangular or elongated rectangular field. Collum broad, rounded, covering caudal part of head until ocellarium, with only a few (2���3) short striae at its corner. Prozonae of each rings with slightly punctated surface, metazonae below ozopores with 10���14 longitudinal striae turning upwards along suture and melt into the sculpture of prozonae. Ozopores situated at about ����� 1 / 3 of metazonal lenth behind suture, openings very small, sometimes hardly visible. Telson smooth, without striae, with no projection, smoothly overlaying paraprocts. Subanal plate normal, triangular without any modifications. Paraprocts glabrous, without setae. Colouration: Live colour uniformly brown (Fig. 25), dark brown or black-brown, head, legs and paraprocts lighter, rings usually without any specific colour pattern, pro- and metazonae with same colouration. Preserved specimens in alcohol turn to almost black, or later fading to light amber colour, legs lighter or bright yellow. Male sexual characters: Mandibular stipites, gnathochilarial stipites, 1 st and 2 nd legpair, and penis as characteristic for the genus. 3���7 th legs normal, without modifications, walking legs from 10 th onwards with femoral pads, slightly decreasing in size and finally disappearing towards end of body. Gonopods (Figs. 27���32): Coxal part (c) of anterior gonopods thick, more-or-less parallel-sided, sternum (st) inbetween strong, wide, with two lobes obtusely rounded. Anterior gonopods with typical 3 + 1 welldeveloped distal processes. Inner coxal process (i) longest or subequal to telopodite; smooth, laterally flattened, shovel-shaped, subapically sometimes with stronger caudal excision. Median process (m) shorter, with two overlapping lobes: apical lobe beak-like, pointed mesad (this is considered as a diagnostic character), other lobe laterally attached to it like a shoulder. Outer process (o) blunt, obliquely cut, with a set of short hairs. Telopodite (tp) of anterior gonopods longer than the two coxal processes, sometimes longer than the third, inner process, wide, rounded, with longer hairs and setae along the margin. Remnant of second telopodomere missing. Flagellum long, pointed, tip without hairs, fits into seminal groove of posterior gonopods. Posterior gonopods in situ inbetween coxal and telopodital processes of the anterior gonopods, with tips (tibiotarsal part) protruding anteriorly. Sternal parts of posterior gonopods widely separated, coxal part (c) subparallel-sided, telopodite divided into two processes, inner one blunt, densely hairy, outer part thin, slightly bent lamella, with tip (a) tapering and pointed. Anterior side of posterior gonopods longwise split, with overlapping clefts housing flagellum in situ. Margin of cleft mediobasally strongly serrated, with small spikes sitting on each tooth. Tip of telopodite separated by a groove resembling a division of joints. Protrusion on 7 th ring not particularly well-developed, ventral margin just encapsulating the slightly protruding gonopods in situ. Female sexual characters: Vulva (Fig. 50) characteristic for Eumastigonus, disc-shaped, compact. Tip of bursal valves pointed, amterior with 5���6, posterior with 1���2 long setae. Operculum (op) small, concealed behind bursa. Internal structure, apodematic tube and ampulla could not be observed. Distribution: New Zealand, South Island (Fig. 52). It is widespread from Nelson to Fiordland and especially common in the higher rainfall (1500���6000 mm) Nothofagus forests of the main alpine chain and lowland podocarp forests of Westland. Populations do exist at three very isolated sites: (1) Lake Forsyth on Banks Peninsula (dry shrubby vegetation), (2) Lindis Pass, North Otago, in rock scree under shrubby matagouri (Discaria toumatou), and (3) in windswept podocarp-broadleaf forest at Mt Cargill, Dunedin., Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n & Johns, Peter M., 2009, Introduction to the taxonomy of Iulomorphidae of New Zealand, with descriptions of two new species of Eumastigonus Chamberlin, 1920 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Epinannolenidea), pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 2065 on pages 12-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186931

Eumastigonus waitahae sp. n. Figs. 26, 33 ���49, 51. Type material: Holotype 3 (CMNZ): New Zealand, South Island, Canterbury Region, Kaikoura, Ohau Point Scenic Reserve, 15 m, leg. P. M. Johns, 26 Aug. 2000, under rocks. Paratypes (103 and 11 ��): 1 �� ��� Same locality and date (CMNZ); 23, 2 �� ��� Kekerengu, coastal ngaio bush, 3-20 m, leg. P. M. Johns & W. Thomas, 19 July 1963; 43, 3 �� (CMNZ: one male is dissected for SEM: head with 1 st legpair, 2 nd legpair with penis, gonopods, 7 th ring) ��� Kaikoura, Kahautara River, 280 m, leg. P. M. & M. Johns, 23 March 1962; 2 �� (HNHM, see Fig. 25, also vulva prep.) ��� Kaikoura, Mt. Fyffe Conservation Area, S 42 �� 21 ��� ��� E 173 �� 34 ���, 192 m a.s.l., leg. Z. Kors��s & P. M. Johns, 3 June 2006, coastal broadleaf forest; 13 (CMNZ: dissected for SEM: head, 1 st legpair, 2 nd legpair with penis, gonopods, anal ring). ��� Oxford, Okuku Pass, leg. P. M. Johns & Z. Kors��s, 15 March 2008; 13 (MNHN Paris) ��� Rangiora, Okuku Pass (lower stream flat) (420 m original labels), 370 m, leg. P. M. Johns, 27 Feb. 1972, stones, under Nothofagus; 23, 3 �� (ZMUC Copenhagen) ��� Rangiora, Okuku Pass (lower stream flat), 370 m (original label: 420 m), leg. P. M. Johns, 14 March 1970, stones, under Nothofagus. FIGURES 35���39. E. waitahae male from Okuku Pass, Canterbury Region. 35: Gnathochilarium, ventral view (gp = gnathochilarial pit), 36: 2 nd legpair, posterior view (p = penis), 37: first legpair, anterior view, 38: first legpair, posterior view, 39: body end, left lateral view. Scales 35, 39: 1 mm, 36-38: 0.5 mm. FIGURES 44���49. E. waitahae paratype male from Okuku Pass, Canterbury Region, scanning electronmicrographs. 44: Gnathochilarium, ventral view (gp = gnathochilarial pit), 45: antennal tip, 46: 7 th ring, right lateral view, 47: first legpair, anterior view, 48: 2 nd legpair with penis (p), posterior view, 49: body end, left lateral view. Other material studied: 1313, 201 ��, and 12 juveniles from 60 sites. Diagnosis: A species of Eumastigonus, standing quite alone with its characteristic live colour pattern (Fig. 26, and described below), and diagnostic shape of gonopods: inner coxal process short, needle-like, telopodites with wide oblique lamella marginally strongly setose, and two long cylindrical processes almost crossing each other. Posterior gonopods with two subequal processes, one blunt and hairy, the other slim and with a slightly pointed tip. Etymology: Named after the distribution of the species, eastern part (Waitaha) of the South Island, New Zealand. Description: Slightly smaller than the previous species, length: 16���28 mm, max. midbody diameter: 1.4���2.4 mm, no. of rings: 30���45 podous + 1���4 apodous and telson. Head rounded, glabrous, with typical pattern, no setae, gnathochilarium and antennae as in generic description (Figs. 35, 44���45). Ocelli in 3���4 rows, in less number (14���23) than the previous species, in a compact irregular, oval or subrectangular field. Collum broad, rounded, covering caudal part of head until ocellarium, with a few (2���3) but distinct short striae at its corner. Prozonae of each ring with slightly reticulated surface, metazonae below ozopores with 10���14 longitudinal striae turning upwards along suture and melting into the sculpture of prozonae. Ozopores situated at about 1 / 2 metazonal length behind suture, openings distinct, easily visible. Telson smooth, without striae and/or projection, paraprocts with 2 + 2, rarely 1 + 1 marginal setae (Figs. 39, 49). Colouration: The typical live colouration involves a light greyish-brown ground colour with conspicuous dark brown markings (Fig. 26): a transversal stripe between ocellaria, broad anterior margin on collum, anterio-lateral edge of mandibular stipes, a series of dark brown side spots on the lower third of metazonae and at about the level of ozopores, and transversally oval or diamond-shaped patches along the dorsum. This colour pattern can fade, especially in populations going inland on the northeastern part of South Island; most typical pattern shown in the east coast specimens. Head pattern and dark brown telson with contrastingly light paraprocts are invariable, however. Male sexual characters: Mandibular and gnathochilarial stipites, first legpair (Figs. 37���38, 47) as for Eumastigonus, coxa wide, flat, laterally with small group of setae; prefemur with strong triangular process (provided with short setae) directed frontally; femur, postfemur, tibia and tarsus normal, clawless. 2 nd legpair (Figs. 36, 48) normal, coxae separate, elongated, deeply bifurcated penis (p) closely behind them, its tips tubelike with hairy openings. Prefemur subquadrate, caudally with 2 + 2 setae, one long and one short, femur and othe podomeres normal, claw long. 3���7 th legs normal, without modifications, walking legs from 10 th onwards with femoral pads. Protrusion on 7 th ring (Fig. 46) conspicuous, surrounding and protecting embedded gonopods behind. Gonopods (Figs. 33���34, 40��� 43): Anterior gonopods with wide, bilobed sternal plate (st), inner coxal process (i) short, reaching only to half of length of entire gonopod, with pointed, needle-like tip (n) closely clung to median lobe. Telopodites (tp) each with a lateral, obliquely cut shoulder marginally with a set of hairs, and a pair of long cylindrical processes bent mesad, almost like wanting to cross each other. Remnant of second telopodomere missing. Flagellum attached to coxae of anterior gonopods, long, pointed, tip not penicillate, in situ fits into seminal groove of posterior gonopods. Coxal parts of posterior gonopods (c) widely separated, telopodite (tp) parallel-sided, apically divided into two processes subequal in length, inner one blunt, densely setose, lateral part slimmer and thinner, its tip (a) small, tooth-like. Anterior side of posterior gonopods longwise split, with overlapping clefts housing flagellum in situ. Margin of cleft mediobasally strongly serrated, with small spikes sitting on each tooth. Seminal groove (sg) runs entirely on anterior side along cleft, and ends between the two terminal branches, perhaps opening at base of lateral one. Female sexual characters: Vulva (Fig. 51) typical Eumastigonus -like, disc-shaped, compressed, opculum (op) very small. Posterior bursal valve with a single seta only, anterior hairless. Instead, in bursal opening, between valves a series (5���6) of peculiar small, quadratic objects whose fine structure, however, even with SEM could not be revealed. Distribution: New Zealand, South Island, Canterbury and Marlborough Regions (Fig. 53). All records are centered on low broadleaf forest or shrub vegetation. Some sites are quite dry with yearly rainfall being less that 700 mm. It is restricted to the north-eastern portion of the South Island from Dashwood Pass, Blenheim, to Kaikoura where it is very common in the steepland forest down to the tussocks close to the sea. In North Canterbury it is in podocarp and Nothofagus forests, and on Banks Peninsula it is in many types of vegetation, some of which has been modified over the years by farming., Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n & Johns, Peter M., 2009, Introduction to the taxonomy of Iulomorphidae of New Zealand, with descriptions of two new species of Eumastigonus Chamberlin, 1920 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Epinannolenidea), pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 2065 on pages 14-23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186931

Eumastigonus hemmingseni Mauri��s, 1983 Figs. 18���21, 24. Eumastigonus hemmingseni Mauri��s, 1983: Bull. Mus. natn. Hist. nat., Paris (4) 5 (A 1): 259-261, Figs. 24-26. Types: Holotype 3, 23, 2 ��, and 1 imm. �� paratypes (ZMUC), 1 3 paratype (MNHN). ��� New Zealand, North Island, Waikato Region, Kaimanawa Mountains (State Forest), leg. A. M. Hemmingsen, 12 Dec. 1972. Other material studied: 203 and 33 �� New locality records: New Zealand, North Island, Waikato Region: Waituhi Kuratau Scenic Reserve, lookout point, S 38 �� 51 ��� 46.8 ��� E 175 �� 32 ��� 43.2, 930 m, leg. PMJ & Z. Kors��s, 27 Jan. 2008, under logs, 13 (CMNZ: dissected for SEM: anterior and posterior gonopods). Taranaki Region: Mt Egmont Nat. Park, Dawson Falls and tracks nearby, 915 m, leg. M. Buchler, 6 Nov. 1963, 13 (CMNZ); Stratford, leg. R. S. Bigelow, 13 Dec. 1976, mailbox, 13 (CMNZ). Waikato Region: Tongariro Nat. Park, Chateau, 1100 m, leg. PMJ, 8 Dec. 1961, 13, 7 �� (CMNZ). Wellington Region: Akatarawa, leg. V. M. Stout, 24 Jan. 1960, in logs, 63, 6 �� (CMNZ) and leg. PMJ, 30 Nov. 1963, Fuchsia broadleaf forest, 23, 7 �� (HNHM, left vulva removed for drawing). Otaki Forks, Field���s track, Podocarpus broadleaf forest, leg. PMJ, 21 Oct. 1965, 33, 10 �� (CMNZ: one male is dissected for SEM: head, 1 st legpair, 2 nd legpair with penis, gonopods, 7 th ring). Tararua Range, Mangahao Dam, 340 m, leg. P. G. McGregor, 2 Nov. 1980, 23 (CMNZ). Hawkes Bay Region: Outlet of Lake Waikaremoana, leg. PMJ, 4 Dec. 1961, 33, 3 �� (CMNZ). Distribution: New Zealand, North Island, Auckland, Waikato, Taranaki, Bay of Plenty, Hawkes Bay and Wellington Regions. See Fig. 52. Description: The species was properly described and illustrated by Mauri��s (1983). It is notable for its relatively large size (length 68���78 mm, max. midbody diameter 3.8���4.3 mm, no. of rings 52���59 +telson), and large ocellarium with ocelli in four complete rows. Body colour dark brown, but legs and paraprocts conspicuously paler, almost yellow. Paraprocts with 2 + 2 marginal setae. Males with femoral pads on their postgonopodal legs. Anterior gonopods with bulky, broad coxae, inner process (i) thin, membraneous; median process (m) slender, smooth, bent laterally; there is also a third, flat outer process (o) on anterior gonopod which is provided with short setae; flagellum apically penicillate (Fig. 21, as in distinctior; Hoffman 1972). Telopodite longest, apically spatulate (a), laterally setose, broad, rounded, mediobasally with setose field (remnant of second telopodomere, t in Fig. 20). Posterior gonopods apically divided, setose tip of coxa extended, its length subequal to telopodite which is slim, cylindrical, tube-like, without pointed apex (Figs. 18���20). Female vulva (Fig. 24) large, up to 1.5 mm in diameter, disc-shaped, compact. Operculum (op) small, narrow, triangular, anterior valve with 12���16 long marginal setae, posterior one with only one or two. Internal structure, apodematic tube and ampulla could not be observed., Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n & Johns, Peter M., 2009, Introduction to the taxonomy of Iulomorphidae of New Zealand, with descriptions of two new species of Eumastigonus Chamberlin, 1920 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Epinannolenidea), pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 2065 on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186931, {"references":["Mauries, J. - P. (1983) Cambalides nouveaux et peu connus d'Asie, d'Amerique et d'Oceanie. I. Cambalidae et Cambalopsidae (Myriapoda: Diplopoda). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, serie 4, 5 A (1), 247 - 276.","Hoffman, R. L. (1972) On the identity of three genera of Cambaloid millipeds from the Australian region (Spirostreptida). Psyche, Cambridge, USA 79 (3), 200 - 208."]}

Eumastigonus kaorinus Chamberlin, 1920 Figs. 4 ���15, 22. Eumastigonus kaorinus Chamberlin, 1920: 162. Hoffman 1972: 200. Types: Holotype 3 (MCZ 4867), paratype �� (MCZ 4868). ��� New Zealand, near Swainson (= Swanson, Auckland, North Island), kaori (= kauri) forest, leg. W. M. Wheeler 1914 (labelled as Eumastigonus wheeleri). Other material studied: 433, 35 ��, and 4 juvs New locality records: Northland Region: Mangamuku Gorge, picnic area, 85 m, leg. F. M. Climo, 1 May 1968, 23, 2 �� (CMNZ). Russell, Ngaiotonga Scenic Reserve, leg. PMJ, 18 Dec. 1963, logs, 13, 1 �� (CMNZ). Maungaturoto, leg. PMJ, 3 Dec. 1963, in taraire-kohekohe broadleaf forest, 13 (CMNZ). Utakura, Mataki, 269 m, leg. PMJ, 19-26 Feb. 2006, nikau fronds, 13, 1 �� (CMNZ) and kanuka, 13, 1 juv. (CMNZ). Waipoua, Trounson Kauri Park, 240 m, leg. PMJ, 3-4 Dec. 1963, logs, 23 (CMNZ). Whangaruru, head of peninsula, leg. F. M. Climo, 28 Apr. 1968, 23, 4 �� (HNHM, vulva removed for drawing) and 28 May 1968, 13, 4 �� (CMNZ). Auckland Region: Waiwera, leg. PMJ, 3 Dec. 1963, pohutukawa-taraire forest, 43, 3 ��, 1 juv. (CMNZ). Warkworth, Kowhai Park, leg. PMJ, 22 Oct. 1999, under logs and stones, 53, 1 �� (CMNZ). ���Ahureka���, Whitford���Maraetai road, leg. P. M. Johns (PMJ), 5 Nov. 1995, under logs and stones in Dysoxylum, 13 (CMNZ). Pollok, 90 m, leg. PM & M. Johns, 7 Jan. 1964, pohutukawa-taraire forest, 13, 2 �� (CMNZ). Waiuku, Bush reserve, Kemps Road, 80 m, leg. PM & M. Johns, 7 Jan. 1964, 123, 8 ��, 2 juvs (CMNZ: 1 male dissected for SEM: anterior and posterior gonopods). Waitakere Mt Range, Piha Gorge, leg. PM & M. Johns, 11 Jan. 1964, in regenerated kauri forest, 23, 2 �� (CMNZ: one male is dissected for SEM: head, 1 st legpair, 2 nd legpair with penis, gonopods, 7 th ring). Bay of Plenty Region: Rotorua, Toruhepe Scenic Reserve, 540 m, leg. PMJ, 20 Dec. 1973, ferns etc, 63, 7 �� (CMNZ). Redescription based on type and recent material: Length: 32���41 mm, max. midbody diameter: 1.8���2.3 mm, no. of rings: 39���59 (holotype 3 with 50 + 1 +telson, paratype �� 47 + 2 +telson). Head as in Fig. 5, mandibular lobe deep, produced anteriorly, its margin broad, thin, mesal face not swollen; ocellarium broad, elongate oval or subtrapezoidal in outline, approx. 30���35 ocelli in 4���5 rows (in paratype female 5 + 8 + 9 + 9), smallest ocelli along anterior edge. Antennae short, antennomeres 2���6 subequal in length, 1���3 glabrous, 4 th weakly, 5���7 densely setose, apically with four sensory papillae. Collum subtriangular, glabrous, posterior margin with incomplete furrow, lateral corner on both sides with 3���4 slightly bent furrows. FIGURES 10���15. E. kaorinus male from Waitakere Range, Auckland Region, scanning electronmicrographs. 10: Gnathochilarium, ventral view, 11: posterior gonopods, anterior view (sg = seminal groove), 12: 7 th ring, right lateral view, 13: first legpair, posterior view, 14: anterior gonopods, anterior view (c = coxa), 15: anterior gonopods, posterior view (tp = telopodite process, t = remnant of second telopodomere). Body rings with 8���12 fine striae on metazonae only on the lower third part of the area below ozopores. Ozopores weak, closely behind suture. Telson blunt, glabrous, paraprocts rounded, with 2 + 2 marginal setae (cf. Fig. 48). Colouration: Almost uniformly dark brown, the posterior edge of each ring slightly paler; head with dark vertex, pale front and sides; collum with submarginal dark band, more extensive laterally; telson dark with pale margin, anal valves dark; legs light brown. Male sexual characters: 1 st legpair short, without (rarely with) claws (Figs. 6 and 13); legs 2���6 unmodified; legs of ring 8 onwards with small prefemoral pads, decreasing in size caudally. Penis closely behind 2 nd legpair, clearly divided into two branches, apical parts are long and attenuated. Protrusion on 7 th ring (Fig. 12) well-developed, protecting slightly emerging gonopods. Gonopods, illustrated here for the first time (Figs. 7���9, 11, 14���15), heavily built, anterior gonopod coxae (c) basally broad, in anterior view rectangular, on their posterior surfaces mediobasally with a small field of setae (here considered as remnant of telopodite, t on Fig. 15), coxal processes distally with a strong lateral constriction, then widening again, almost to the same width as their bases, forming on each side a subtriangular, pectinate shoulder and a long, blunt inner process. Medial lobe of anterior gonopod (m) thin, membraneous, not reaching tip of inner process, posterior lobe (=telopodite process, tp) strong again, apical margin densely setose. Posterior gonopod slender, cylindrical, coxa with longitudinal lamina sheathing flagellum in situ, the lower inner part of its margin caudally crenulate. Posterior gonopod apically clearly articulated, tip of coxa round, obtuse, setose, telopodite slim, its length about one-sixth of entire posterior gonopod, apex (a) pointed, subapically a spoonlike, rounded depression. Seminal groove (sg) runs along anterior surface, starting on the inner side, first concealed by the lamina then reaching the setose top of coxa and going into the pointed telopodite. Females vulvae (Fig. 22): Bursa compact, valves compressed against each other, their tips slightly pointed, anterior and posterior valves marginally with 3 and 1 setae, respectively. Operculum (o) small, pointed, hidden behind bursa. Inner structure not observed. Distribution: New Zealand, North Island, Auckland and Northland Regions. See Fig. 52. Remarks: Hoffman (1972) could not find the type of E. kaorinus in the MCZ, because it was labelled as E. wheeleri (although Hoffman surmised it, implying that Chamberlin could have changed the name without changing the original label). We found E. wheeleri in the MCZ under Nos 4867 and 4868, which proved to be the types of E. kaorinus and herewith selected these specimens as types of E. kaorinus., Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n & Johns, Peter M., 2009, Introduction to the taxonomy of Iulomorphidae of New Zealand, with descriptions of two new species of Eumastigonus Chamberlin, 1920 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Epinannolenidea), pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 2065 on pages 8-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186931, {"references":["Chamberlin, R. V. (1920) The Myriapoda of the Australian region. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparitive Zoology, 64 (1), 1 - 269.","Hoffman, R. L. (1972) On the identity of three genera of Cambaloid millipeds from the Australian region (Spirostreptida). Psyche, Cambridge, USA 79 (3), 200 - 208."]}

Eumastigonus distinctior Chamberlin, 1920 Figs. 16���17, 23. Eumastigonus distinctior Chamberlin, 1920: 164. Hoffman 1972: 202, Figs. 1-5. Mauri��s 1983: 258 -259, Fig.. 23. Types: Holotype 3 (MCZ 4872). ��� New Zealand, North Island, Days Bay near Wellington, leg. W. M. Wheeler 1914. Other material studied: 23, 1 �� ��� Wellington, Porirua, 24. Dec. 1951, leg. Galathea Exp., det. Mauri��s 1982 (ZMUC); and 73, 10 ��, according to the following new records. New locality records: New Zealand, North Island, Wellington Region: Days Bay, 120 m, leg. P. M. Johns, 15 Jan. 1964, logs, 23, 1 �� (CMNZ: one male is dissected for SEM: head, 1 st and 2 nd legpair with penis together, gonopods). Hutt Valley, Silverstream, Keith George Park, 120 m, leg. P. M. Johns, 30 Nov. 1963, mixed broadleaf forest, under logs, 13, 4 �� (CMNZ). Otaki, Te Horo, 25 m, leg. P. M. Johns, 30 Nov. 1963, in Podocarpus halli forest, under logs and stones, 33, 5 �� (CMNZ). Wellington, Whitemans Valley, leg. F. R. Allison, 20 May 1965, in Nothofagus logs, 13 (CMNZ). Distribution: New Zealand, North Island, Wellington Region. See Fig. 52. Description: The species is properly redescribed and illustrated based on the paratype material (Hoffman 1972, Mauri��s 1983). It is easily recognisable by the slender, bent inner coxal process (cp) of the anterior gonopod (Fig. 16). As an addition, the narrow ocellarium consists of only 6���8 ocelli in 2 (3) rows, and there are 2 + 2 setae on the paraprocts. Body rings characteristically with dark median stripe on dorsum, composed of a series of subtriangular spots, rest of body and legs lighter. Female vulva (Fig. 23) shows the typical Eumastigonus characters: disc-shaped, valves and operculum (op) strongly compressed, each valve with pointed tip, anterior with 9���12, posterior with only one or two setae along margin. Apodematic tube and ampulla could not be observed., Published as part of Kors��s, Zolt��n & Johns, Peter M., 2009, Introduction to the taxonomy of Iulomorphidae of New Zealand, with descriptions of two new species of Eumastigonus Chamberlin, 1920 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Epinannolenidea), pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 2065 on pages 10-12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.186931, {"references":["Chamberlin, R. V. (1920) The Myriapoda of the Australian region. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparitive Zoology, 64 (1), 1 - 269.","Hoffman, R. L. (1972) On the identity of three genera of Cambaloid millipeds from the Australian region (Spirostreptida). Psyche, Cambridge, USA 79 (3), 200 - 208.","Mauries, J. - P. (1983) Cambalides nouveaux et peu connus d'Asie, d'Amerique et d'Oceanie. I. Cambalidae et Cambalopsidae (Myriapoda: Diplopoda). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, serie 4, 5 A (1), 247 - 276."]}