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4. Giant dust particles at Nevado Illimani: A proxy of summertime deep convection over the Bolivian Altiplano

Author

Lindau, F, Simoes, J, Delmonte, B, Ginot, P, Baccolo, G, Paleari, C, Di Stefano, E, Korotkikh, E, Introne, D, Maggi, V, Garzanti, E, Ando', S, Lindau F. G. L., Simoes J. C., Delmonte B., Ginot P., Baccolo G., Paleari C. I., Di Stefano E., Korotkikh E., Introne D. S., Maggi V., Garzanti E., Ando' S., Lindau, F, Simoes, J, Delmonte, B, Ginot, P, Baccolo, G, Paleari, C, Di Stefano, E, Korotkikh, E, Introne, D, Maggi, V, Garzanti, E, Ando', S, Lindau F. G. L., Simoes J. C., Delmonte B., Ginot P., Baccolo G., Paleari C. I., Di Stefano E., Korotkikh E., Introne D. S., Maggi V., Garzanti E., and Ando' S.

Abstract

A deeper understanding of past atmospheric circulation variability in the Central Andes is a high-priority topic in paleoclimatology mainly because of the necessity to validate climate models used to predict future precipitation trends and to develop mitigation and/or adaptation strategies for future climate change scenarios in this region.Within this context, we here investigate an 18-year firn core drilled at Nevado Illimani in order to interpret its mineral dust record in relation to seasonal processes, in particular atmospheric circulation and deep convection. The core was dated by annual layer counting based on seasonal oscillations of dust, calcium, and stable isotopes. Geochemical and mineralogical data show that dust is regionally sourced in winter and summer. During austral summer (wet season), an increase in the relative proportion of giant dust particles (20 um) is observed, in association with oscillations of stable isotope records (D, 18O). It seems that at Nevado Illimani both the deposition of dust and the isotopic signature of precipitation are influenced by atmospheric deep convection, which is also related to the total amount of precipitation in the area. This hypothesis is corroborated by regional meteorological data. The interpretation of giant particle and stable isotope records suggests that downdrafts due to convective activity promote turbulent conditions capable of suspending giant particles in the vicinity of Nevado Illimani. Giant particles and stable isotopes, when considered together, can be therefore used as a new proxy for obtaining information about deep convective activity in the past.

Published
2021

13. The Ross Sea Dipole-temperature, snow accumulation and sea ice variability in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, over the past 2700 years

Author

Bertler, N, Conway, H, Dahl-Jensen, D, Emanuelsson, D, Winstrup, M, Vallelonga, P, Lee, J, Brook, E, Severinghaus, J, Fudge, T, Keller, E, Troy Baisden, W, Hindmarsh, R, Neff, P, Blunier, T, Edwards, R, Mayewski, P, Kipfstuhl, S, Buizert, C, Canessa, S, Dadic, R, Kjær, H, Kurbatov, A, Zhang, D, Waddington, E, Baccolo, G, Beers, T, Brightley, H, Carter, L, Clemens-Sewall, D, Ciobanu, V, Delmonte, B, Eling, L, Ellis, A, Ganesh, S, Golledge, N, Haines, S, Handley, M, Hawley, R, Hogan, C, Johnson, K, Korotkikh, E, Lowry, D, Mandeno, D, Mckay, R, Menking, J, Naish, T, Noerling, C, Ollive, A, Orsi, A, Proemse, B, Pyne, A, Pyne, R, Renwick, J, Scherer, R, Semper, S, Simonsen, M, Sneed, S, Steig, E, Tuohy, A, Ulayottil Venugopal, A, Valero-Delgado, F, Venkatesh, J, Wang, F, Wang, S, Winski, D, Holly, W, Whiteford, A, Xiao, C, Yang, J, Zhang, X, Bertler, Nancy A. N., Conway, Howard, Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Emanuelsson, Daniel B., Winstrup, Mai, Vallelonga, Paul T., Lee, James E., Brook, Ed J., Severinghaus, Jeffrey P., Fudge, Taylor J., Keller, Elizabeth D., Troy Baisden, W., Hindmarsh, Richard C. A., Neff, Peter D., Blunier, Thomas, Edwards, Ross, Mayewski, Paul A., Kipfstuhl, Sepp, Buizert, Christo, Canessa, Silvia, Dadic, Ruzica, Kjær, Helle A., Kurbatov, Andrei, Zhang, Dongqi, Waddington, Edwin D., Baccolo, Giovanni, Beers, Thomas, Brightley, Hannah J., Carter, Lionel, Clemens-Sewall, David, Ciobanu, Viorela G., Delmonte, Barbara, Eling, Lukas, Ellis, Aja, Ganesh, Shruthi, Golledge, Nicholas R., Haines, Skylar, Handley, Michael, Hawley, Robert L., Hogan, Chad M., Johnson, Katelyn M., Korotkikh, Elena, Lowry, Daniel P., Mandeno, Darcy, McKay, Robert M., Menking, James A., Naish, Timothy R., Noerling, Caroline, Ollive, Agathe, Orsi, Anaïs, Proemse, Bernadette C., Pyne, Alexander R., Pyne, Rebecca L., Renwick, James, Scherer, Reed P., Semper, Stefanie, Simonsen, Marius, Sneed, Sharon B., Steig, Eric J., Tuohy, Andrea, Ulayottil Venugopal, Abhijith, Valero-Delgado, Fernando, Venkatesh, Janani, Wang, Feitang, Wang, Shimeng, Winski, Dominic A., Holly, Winton, Whiteford, Arran, Xiao, Cunde, Yang, Jiao, Zhang, Xin, Bertler, N, Conway, H, Dahl-Jensen, D, Emanuelsson, D, Winstrup, M, Vallelonga, P, Lee, J, Brook, E, Severinghaus, J, Fudge, T, Keller, E, Troy Baisden, W, Hindmarsh, R, Neff, P, Blunier, T, Edwards, R, Mayewski, P, Kipfstuhl, S, Buizert, C, Canessa, S, Dadic, R, Kjær, H, Kurbatov, A, Zhang, D, Waddington, E, Baccolo, G, Beers, T, Brightley, H, Carter, L, Clemens-Sewall, D, Ciobanu, V, Delmonte, B, Eling, L, Ellis, A, Ganesh, S, Golledge, N, Haines, S, Handley, M, Hawley, R, Hogan, C, Johnson, K, Korotkikh, E, Lowry, D, Mandeno, D, Mckay, R, Menking, J, Naish, T, Noerling, C, Ollive, A, Orsi, A, Proemse, B, Pyne, A, Pyne, R, Renwick, J, Scherer, R, Semper, S, Simonsen, M, Sneed, S, Steig, E, Tuohy, A, Ulayottil Venugopal, A, Valero-Delgado, F, Venkatesh, J, Wang, F, Wang, S, Winski, D, Holly, W, Whiteford, A, Xiao, C, Yang, J, Zhang, X, Bertler, Nancy A. N., Conway, Howard, Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Emanuelsson, Daniel B., Winstrup, Mai, Vallelonga, Paul T., Lee, James E., Brook, Ed J., Severinghaus, Jeffrey P., Fudge, Taylor J., Keller, Elizabeth D., Troy Baisden, W., Hindmarsh, Richard C. A., Neff, Peter D., Blunier, Thomas, Edwards, Ross, Mayewski, Paul A., Kipfstuhl, Sepp, Buizert, Christo, Canessa, Silvia, Dadic, Ruzica, Kjær, Helle A., Kurbatov, Andrei, Zhang, Dongqi, Waddington, Edwin D., Baccolo, Giovanni, Beers, Thomas, Brightley, Hannah J., Carter, Lionel, Clemens-Sewall, David, Ciobanu, Viorela G., Delmonte, Barbara, Eling, Lukas, Ellis, Aja, Ganesh, Shruthi, Golledge, Nicholas R., Haines, Skylar, Handley, Michael, Hawley, Robert L., Hogan, Chad M., Johnson, Katelyn M., Korotkikh, Elena, Lowry, Daniel P., Mandeno, Darcy, McKay, Robert M., Menking, James A., Naish, Timothy R., Noerling, Caroline, Ollive, Agathe, Orsi, Anaïs, Proemse, Bernadette C., Pyne, Alexander R., Pyne, Rebecca L., Renwick, James, Scherer, Reed P., Semper, Stefanie, Simonsen, Marius, Sneed, Sharon B., Steig, Eric J., Tuohy, Andrea, Ulayottil Venugopal, Abhijith, Valero-Delgado, Fernando, Venkatesh, Janani, Wang, Feitang, Wang, Shimeng, Winski, Dominic A., Holly, Winton, Whiteford, Arran, Xiao, Cunde, Yang, Jiao, and Zhang, Xin

Abstract

High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually dated ice core record from the eastern Ross Sea, named the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core. Comparison of this record with climate reanalysis data for the 1979-2012 interval shows that RICE reliably captures temperature and snow precipitation variability in the region. Trends over the past 2700 years in RICE are shown to be distinct from those in West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea captured by other ice cores. For most of this interval, the eastern Ross Sea was warming (or showing isotopic enrichment for other reasons), with increased snow accumulation and perhaps decreased sea ice concentration. However, West Antarctica cooled and the western Ross Sea showed no significant isotope temperature trend. This pattern here is referred to as the Ross Sea Dipole. Notably, during the Little Ice Age, West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea experienced colder than average temperatures, while the eastern Ross Sea underwent a period of warming or increased isotopic enrichment. From the 17th century onwards, this dipole relationship changed. All three regions show current warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea but increasing in the western Ross Sea. We interpret this pattern as reflecting an increase in sea ice in the eastern Ross Sea with perhaps the establishment of a modern Roosevelt Island polynya as a local moisture source for RICE

Published
2018

14. The Ross Sea Dipole-temperature, snow accumulation and sea ice variability in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, over the past 2700 years

Author

Bertler, N., Conway, H., Dahl-Jensen, D., Emanuelsson, D., Winstrup, M., Vallelonga, P., Lee, J., Brook, E., Severinghaus, J., Fudge, T., Keller, E., Troy Baisden, W., Hindmarsh, R., Neff, P., Blunier, T., Edwards, Peter, Mayewski, P., Kipfstuhl, S., Buizert, C., Canessa, S., Dadic, R., Kjær, H., Kurbatov, A., Zhang, D., Waddington, E., Baccolo, G., Beers, T., Brightley, H., Carter, L., Clemens-Sewall, D., Ciobanu, V., Delmonte, B., Eling, L., Ellis, A., Ganesh, S., Golledge, N., Haines, S., Handley, M., Hawley, R., Hogan, C., Johnson, K., Korotkikh, E., Lowry, D., Mandeno, D., McKay, R., Menking, J., Naish, T., Noerling, C., Ollive, A., Orsi, A., Proemse, B., Pyne, A., Pyne, R., Renwick, J., Scherer, R., Semper, S., Simonsen, M., Sneed, S., Steig, E., Tuohy, A., Ulayottil Venugopal, A., Valero-Delgado, F., Venkatesh, J., Wang, F., Wang, S., Winski, D., Holly, W., Whiteford, A., Xiao, C., Yang, J., Zhang, X., Bertler, N., Conway, H., Dahl-Jensen, D., Emanuelsson, D., Winstrup, M., Vallelonga, P., Lee, J., Brook, E., Severinghaus, J., Fudge, T., Keller, E., Troy Baisden, W., Hindmarsh, R., Neff, P., Blunier, T., Edwards, Peter, Mayewski, P., Kipfstuhl, S., Buizert, C., Canessa, S., Dadic, R., Kjær, H., Kurbatov, A., Zhang, D., Waddington, E., Baccolo, G., Beers, T., Brightley, H., Carter, L., Clemens-Sewall, D., Ciobanu, V., Delmonte, B., Eling, L., Ellis, A., Ganesh, S., Golledge, N., Haines, S., Handley, M., Hawley, R., Hogan, C., Johnson, K., Korotkikh, E., Lowry, D., Mandeno, D., McKay, R., Menking, J., Naish, T., Noerling, C., Ollive, A., Orsi, A., Proemse, B., Pyne, A., Pyne, R., Renwick, J., Scherer, R., Semper, S., Simonsen, M., Sneed, S., Steig, E., Tuohy, A., Ulayottil Venugopal, A., Valero-Delgado, F., Venkatesh, J., Wang, F., Wang, S., Winski, D., Holly, W., Whiteford, A., Xiao, C., Yang, J., and Zhang, X.

Abstract

High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually dated ice core record from the eastern Ross Sea, named the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core. Comparison of this record with climate reanalysis data for the 1979-2012 interval shows that RICE reliably captures temperature and snow precipitation variability in the region. Trends over the past 2700 years in RICE are shown to be distinct from those in West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea captured by other ice cores. For most of this interval, the eastern Ross Sea was warming (or showing isotopic enrichment for other reasons), with increased snow accumulation and perhaps decreased sea ice concentration. However, West Antarctica cooled and the western Ross Sea showed no significant isotope temperature trend. This pattern here is referred to as the Ross Sea Dipole. Notably, during the Little Ice Age, West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea experienced colder than average temperatures, while the eastern Ross Sea underwent a period of warming or increased isotopic enrichment. From the 17th century onwards, this dipole relationship changed. All three regions show current warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea but increasing in the western Ross Sea. We interpret this pattern as reflecting an increase in sea ice in the eastern Ross Sea with perhaps the establishment of a modern Roosevelt Island polynya as a local moisture source for RICE.

Published
2018

18. West Antarctica's sensitivity to natural and human‐forced climate change over the Holocene

Author

Mayewski, P. A., primary, Maasch, K. A., additional, Dixon, D., additional, Sneed, S. B., additional, Oglesby, R., additional, Korotkikh, E., additional, Potocki, M., additional, Grigholm, B., additional, Kreutz, K., additional, Kurbatov, A. V., additional, Spaulding, N., additional, Stager, J. C., additional, Taylor, K. C., additional, Steig, E. J., additional, White, J., additional, Bertler, N. A. N., additional, Goodwin, I., additional, Simões, J. C., additional, Jaña, R., additional, Kraus, S., additional, and Fastook, J., additional

Published
2012
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22. West Antarctica's sensitivity to natural and human-forced climate change over the Holocene.

Author

Mayewski, P. A., Maasch, K. A., Dixon, D., Sneed, S. B., Oglesby, R., Korotkikh, E., Potocki, M., Grigholm, B., Kreutz, K., Kurbatov, A. V., Spaulding, N., Stager, J. C., Taylor, K. C., Steig, E. J., White, J., Bertler, N. A. N., Goodwin, I., Simões, J. C., Jaña, R., and Kraus, S.

Abstract

The location and intensity of the austral westerlies strongly influence southern hemisphere precipitation and heat transport with consequences for human society and ecosystems. With future warming, global climate models project increased aridity in southern mid-latitudes related to continued poleward contraction of the austral westerlies. We utilize Antarctic ice cores to investigate past and to set the stage for the prediction of future behaviour of the westerlies. We show that Holocene West Antarctic ice core reconstructions of atmospheric circulation sensitively record naturally forced progressive as well as abrupt changes. We also show that recent poleward migration of the westerlies coincident with increased emission of greenhouse gases and the Antarctic ozone hole has led to unprecedented penetration, compared with >100,000 years ago, of air masses bringing warmth, extra-Antarctic source dust and anthropogenic pollutants into West Antarctica. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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28. Giant dust particles at Nevado Illimani: a proxy of summertime deep convection over the Bolivian Altiplano

Author

Elena V. Korotkikh, Sergio Andò, Patrick Ginot, Chiara Ileana Paleari, Jefferson Cardia Simões, Eduardo Garzanti, Valter Maggi, Giovanni Baccolo, Elena Di Stefano, Barbara Delmonte, Filipe Gaudie Ley Lindau, Douglas S. Introne, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Lindau, F, Simoes, J, Delmonte, B, Ginot, P, Baccolo, G, Paleari, C, Di Stefano, E, Korotkikh, E, Introne, D, Maggi, V, Garzanti, E, and Ando', S

Subjects
lcsh:GE1-350, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Atmospheric circulation, δ18O, Stable isotope ratio, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Firn, Mineral dust, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Geology, Isotopic signature, Ice core, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ice core, atmospheric mineral dust, provenance, climate, atmospheric processes, geochemical fingerprint, Andean glacier, Paleoclimatology, Environmental science, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

A deeper understanding of past atmospheric circulation variability in the Central Andes is a high-priority topic in paleoclimatology mainly because of the necessity to validate climate models used to predict future precipitation trends and to develop mitigation and/or adaptation strategies for future climate change scenarios in this region. Within this context, we here investigate an 18-year firn core drilled at Nevado Illimani in order to interpret its mineral dust record in relation to seasonal processes, in particular atmospheric circulation and deep convection. The core was dated by annual layer counting based on seasonal oscillations of dust, calcium, and stable isotopes. Geochemical and mineralogical data show that dust is regionally sourced in winter and summer. During austral summer (wet season), an increase in the relative proportion of giant dust particles (∅>20 µm) is observed, in association with oscillations of stable isotope records (δD, δ18O). It seems that at Nevado Illimani both the deposition of dust and the isotopic signature of precipitation are influenced by atmospheric deep convection, which is also related to the total amount of precipitation in the area. This hypothesis is corroborated by regional meteorological data. The interpretation of giant particle and stable isotope records suggests that downdrafts due to convective activity promote turbulent conditions capable of suspending giant particles in the vicinity of Nevado Illimani. Giant particles and stable isotopes, when considered together, can be therefore used as a new proxy for obtaining information about deep convective activity in the past.

Published
2020
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29. The Ross Sea Dipole – temperature, snow accumulation and sea ice variability in the Ross Sea region, Antarctica, over the past 2700 years

Author

N. A. N. Bertler, H. Conway, D. Dahl-Jensen, D. B. Emanuelsson, M. Winstrup, P. T. Vallelonga, J. E. Lee, E. J. Brook, J. P. Severinghaus, T. J. Fudge, E. D. Keller, W. T. Baisden, R. C. A. Hindmarsh, P. D. Neff, T. Blunier, R. Edwards, P. A. Mayewski, S. Kipfstuhl, C. Buizert, S. Canessa, R. Dadic, H. A. Kjær, A. Kurbatov, D. Zhang, E. D. Waddington, G. Baccolo, T. Beers, H. J. Brightley, L. Carter, D. Clemens-Sewall, V. G. Ciobanu, B. Delmonte, L. Eling, A. Ellis, S. Ganesh, N. R. Golledge, S. Haines, M. Handley, R. L. Hawley, C. M. Hogan, K. M. Johnson, E. Korotkikh, D. P. Lowry, D. Mandeno, R. M. McKay, J. A. Menking, T. R. Naish, C. Noerling, A. Ollive, A. Orsi, B. C. Proemse, A. R. Pyne, R. L. Pyne, J. Renwick, R. P. Scherer, S. Semper, M. Simonsen, S. B. Sneed, E. J. Steig, A. Tuohy, A. U. Venugopal, F. Valero-Delgado, J. Venkatesh, F. Wang, S. Wang, D. A. Winski, V. H. L. Winton, A. Whiteford, C. Xiao, J. Yang, X. Zhang, Victoria University of Wellington, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bertler, N, Conway, H, Dahl-Jensen, D, Emanuelsson, D, Winstrup, M, Vallelonga, P, Lee, J, Brook, E, Severinghaus, J, Fudge, T, Keller, E, Troy Baisden, W, Hindmarsh, R, Neff, P, Blunier, T, Edwards, R, Mayewski, P, Kipfstuhl, S, Buizert, C, Canessa, S, Dadic, R, Kjær, H, Kurbatov, A, Zhang, D, Waddington, E, Baccolo, G, Beers, T, Brightley, H, Carter, L, Clemens-Sewall, D, Ciobanu, V, Delmonte, B, Eling, L, Ellis, A, Ganesh, S, Golledge, N, Haines, S, Handley, M, Hawley, R, Hogan, C, Johnson, K, Korotkikh, E, Lowry, D, Mandeno, D, Mckay, R, Menking, J, Naish, T, Noerling, C, Ollive, A, Orsi, A, Proemse, B, Pyne, A, Pyne, R, Renwick, J, Scherer, R, Semper, S, Simonsen, M, Sneed, S, Steig, E, Tuohy, A, Ulayottil Venugopal, A, Valero-Delgado, F, Venkatesh, J, Wang, F, Wang, S, Winski, D, Holly, W, Whiteford, A, Xiao, C, Yang, J, and Zhang, X

Subjects
Arctic sea ice decline, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:Environmental protection, Stratigraphy, Antarctic ice sheet, Antarctic sea ice, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, lcsh:Environmental pollution, Sea ice, Cryosphere, lcsh:TD169-171.8, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Paleontology, Future sea level, 15. Life on land, Arctic ice pack, Climate Action, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, lcsh:TD172-193.5, Ice sheet, Geology
Abstract

High-resolution, well-dated climate archives provide an opportunity to investigate the dynamic interactions of climate patterns relevant for future projections. Here, we present data from a new, annually dated ice core record from the eastern Ross Sea, named the Roosevelt Island Climate Evolution (RICE) ice core. Comparison of this record with climate reanalysis data for the 1979–2012 interval shows that RICE reliably captures temperature and snow precipitation variability in the region. Trends over the past 2700 years in RICE are shown to be distinct from those in West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea captured by other ice cores. For most of this interval, the eastern Ross Sea was warming (or showing isotopic enrichment for other reasons), with increased snow accumulation and perhaps decreased sea ice concentration. However, West Antarctica cooled and the western Ross Sea showed no significant isotope temperature trend. This pattern here is referred to as the Ross Sea Dipole. Notably, during the Little Ice Age, West Antarctica and the western Ross Sea experienced colder than average temperatures, while the eastern Ross Sea underwent a period of warming or increased isotopic enrichment. From the 17th century onwards, this dipole relationship changed. All three regions show current warming, with snow accumulation declining in West Antarctica and the eastern Ross Sea but increasing in the western Ross Sea. We interpret this pattern as reflecting an increase in sea ice in the eastern Ross Sea with perhaps the establishment of a modern Roosevelt Island polynya as a local moisture source for RICE.

Published
2019
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30. A case study using 2019 pre-monsoon snow and stream chemistry in the Khumbu region, Nepal.

Author

Clifford HM, Potocki M, Koch I, Sherpa T, Handley M, Korotkikh E, Introne D, Kaspari S, Miner K, Matthews T, Perry B, Guy H, Gajurel A, Singh PK, Elvin S, Elmore AC, Tait A, and Mayewski PA

Subjects
Environmental Monitoring, Humans, Nepal, Rivers, Seasons, Snow, Air Pollutants analysis, Cyclonic Storms
Abstract

This case study provides a framework for future monitoring and evidence for human source pollution in the Khumbu region, Nepal. We analyzed the chemical composition (major ions, major/trace elements, black carbon, and stable water isotopes) of pre-monsoon stream water (4300-5250 m) and snow (5200-6665 m) samples collected from Mt. Everest, Mt. Lobuche, and the Imja Valley during the 2019 pre-monsoon season, in addition to a shallow ice core recovered from the Khumbu Glacier (5300 m). In agreement with previous work, pre-monsoon aerosol deposition is dominated by dust originating from western sources and less frequently by transport from southerly air mass sources as demonstrated by evidence of one of the strongest recorded pre-monsoon events emanating from the Bay of Bengal, Cyclone Fani. Elevated concentrations of human-sourced metals (e.g., Pb, Bi, As) are found in surface snow and stream chemistry collected in the Khumbu region. As the most comprehensive case study of environmental chemistry in the Khumbu region, this research offers sufficient evidence for increased monitoring in this watershed and surrounding areas., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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31. [Evaluation of antimutagenic properties of powdered malt and polymalt extracts with the use of micronucleus test].

Author

Novikova IV, Agafonov GV, Korotkikh EA, Kalaev VN, Nechaeva MS, and Mal'tseva OY

Subjects
Antioxidants pharmacology, Female, Humans, Male, Micronucleus Tests methods, Mouth Mucosa pathology, Young Adult, Antimutagenic Agents pharmacology, Edible Grain, Plant Extracts pharmacology
Abstract

There were performed studies of the occurrence of cells with pathologies in the buccal epithelium of volunteers who consume drinks based on mixtures ofpowdered malt and polymalt extracts of buckwheat, peas, corn and barley. There was shown their impact on the stability of the genetic material of examined cases. There was established activation of apoptosis, which leads to the elimination of cells with cytogenetic deteriorations. Poliymalt extracts possess protective properties, contribute to the suppression ofprocesses offormation of cells with genetic disorders (micronuclei (from 4.38 ± 0.67 %%, up to 2.53 ± 0.39 %% after intake), protrusions (from 1,98 ± 0,42 %%, up 0,85 ± 0,25 %% after intake), incisures (from 3.34 ± 0.44 %%, up 2.17 ± 0.35 %% after intake), two cores (from 1.63 ± 0.26 %%, up 0.65 ± 0.21 %% after intake) and rid the body of aberrant cells, as evidenced by the increase in the number of cells with karyolysis (up to 5.98 ± 0,91 %%, up 9.55 ± 1.74 %% after intake), karyopyknosis (from 10.71 ± 0.90 %%, up to 11.97 ± 0.85 %% after intake) and perinuclear vacuoles (from 9.24 ± 1.63 %%, up to 12.94 ± 2.57 %% after intake). In women, anti-mutagenic effects ofpolymalt extracts are more pronounced than in men. Antimutagenic effects of extracts can be explained by the properties of contained in them B vitamins and sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine).

Published
2016

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