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7. Are Physicians and Patients in Agreement? Exploring Dyadic Concordance

Author

Coran, Justin J., Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya, and Arnold, Christa L.

Abstract

Dyadic concordance in physician-patient interactions can be defined as the extent of agreement between physicians and patients in their perceptions of the clinical encounter. The current research specifically examined two types of concordance: informational concordance--the extent of agreement in physician and patient responses regarding patient information (education, self-rated health, pain); and interactional concordance--the extent of physician-patient agreement regarding the patient's level of confidence and trust in the physician and the perceived quality of explanations concerning diagnosis and treatment. Using a convenience sample of physicians and patients ("N" = 50 dyads), a paired survey method was tested, which measured and compared physician and patient reports to identify informational and interactional concordances. Factors potentially related to dyadic concordance were also measured, including demographic characteristics (patient race, gender, age, and education) and clinical factors (whether this was a first visit and physician specialty in family medicine or oncology). The paired survey showed informational discordances, as physicians tended to underestimate patients' pain and overestimate patient education. Interactional discordances included overestimating patients' understanding of diagnosis and treatment explanations and patients' level of confidence and trust. Discordances were linked to patient dissatisfaction with physician listening, having unanswered questions, and feeling the physician had not spent enough time. The paired survey method effectively identified physician--patient discordances that may interfere with effective medical practice; this method may be used in various settings to identify potential areas of improvement in health communication and education.

Published
2013
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9. University Students' Perceptions of Childless Couples and Parents in Ankara, Turkey

Author

Copur, Zeynep and Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

Abstract

Changing perceptions of childlessness have been documented in the United States, but little is known about perceptions in developing countries undergoing rapid social changes and globalization, including Turkey. This project uses a survey and hypothetical vignettes about childless couples and parents to assess university students' perceptions of childlessness (N = 850). The authors find that parents are rated higher on interpersonal warmth and marital relationship quality, but mothers are seen as more stressed. Childless men and women are perceived as more driven but also as more emotionally troubled. The results indicate the continued importance of parenthood among Turkish students but also an understanding of women's stresses in combining work and motherhood. The authors find relatively few rural and urban differences, whereas gender and income differences may reflect greater awareness of work-family concerns and acceptance of childlessness among women and higher income students. (Contains 4 tables.)

Published
2010
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10. Aging among Jewish Americans: Implications for Understanding Religion, Ethnicity, and Service Needs

Author

Glicksman, Allen and Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

Abstract

Purpose: This article challenges popular conceptions of the nature of ethnicity and religiousness in the gerontological literature. Using the example of older Jewish Americans, the authors argue for more nuanced definitions and usage of terms such as "religion" and "ethnicity" in order to begin to understand the complex interweaving of these two dimensions in the lives of older persons. Design and Methods: The analyses used data from the 2000-2001 National Jewish Population Survey (NJPS) as well as comparisons with the 1990 NJPS. There were 1,099 respondents aged 65 years and older in the 2000-2001 NJPS who reported themselves to be Jewish. This sample was then split into three groups: those who reported observing only Judaism and were affiliated with a denomination within Judaism (n = 776) or were not affiliated (n = 277) and those who reported observing another faith in addition to Judaism (n = 46). Results: Respondents to the 2000-2001 NJPS were older, wealthier, and less likely to be members of a religious denomination than those in the 1990 NJPS. Denominational affiliates were more likely than the other two groups to have a strong ethnic identity but less likely to indicate that religion was important in their lives. Denomination members were also more likely to be children or grandchildren of immigrants. Implications: Several key assumptions in the study of ethnicity and religiousness in much of current gerontological research need reassessment especially assumptions about the links between religious identification, beliefs, practices, and communal solidarity.

Published
2009
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11. Childlessness, Parenthood, and Depressive Symptoms among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

Author

Bures, Regina M., Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya, and Loree, Michael

Abstract

Prior research has examined whether parenthood is associated with higher levels of well-being among older adults, but definitions of parental status have varied. The authors examine links between parental status and depressive symptoms among older adults, comparing biological and social definitions of parenthood. The study finds few differences between biological and social parenthood but substantial variation in the relationship between parental status and depressive symptoms by gender and marital status. Biologically and socially childless adults had the lowest predicted levels of depression across all marital status groups. Widowed men averaged higher levels of depression than other men. For women, the highest predicted levels of depressive symptoms were observed among never-married biological parents and formerly married women who had outlived their children. Increased sampling of less common parental subgroups and diverse kinship relations to allow for more precise classifications and the consideration of joint marital-parental statuses in future research. (Contains 2 tables and 2 figures.)

Published
2009
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12. Characteristics of Older Childless Persons and Parents: Cross-National Comparisons

Author

Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya and Call, Vaughn R. A.

Abstract

The prevalence and implications of childlessness in old age are compared across nine major surveys in seven countries: Australia, Finland, Germany, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Specifically, the researchers examine indicators of the well-being and resources of childless men and women, compare them to their within-country peers with children, and explore the similarities and differences among childless older adults in different countries. The results show strikingly similar patterns across countries (with the exception of Japan). Childless elders are more likely than parents to live alone or in an institution. Childless never-married women have consistently higher education levels than other groups of women. Among men, marriage rather than parenthood is consistently linked with higher socio-economic status. The results suggest important structural processes that differentially shape the resources and well-being of men and women, childless and parents, over the life course and in old age. (Contains 8 tables and 2 figures.)

Published
2007
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13. Attitudes about Childlessness in the United States: Correlates of Positive, Neutral, and Negative Responses

Author

Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya and Pendell, Gretchen

Abstract

The study used cross-sectional analyses of the National Survey of Families and Households (1987-1988, 1992-1994) to examine attitudes about childlessness in the United States. It (a) assesses prevalence of positive, neutral, and negative attitudes about childlessness and (b) identifies the correlates of different attitudes in the population. About one fifth of adults disagreed with prescriptive norms that favor parenthood over childlessness, whereas two fifths gave neutral responses. More than 86% agreed or were neutral on whether childless adults could have fulfilling lives. Positive attitudes were consistently found among those who were female, college educated, or childless. Those with negative attitudes were distinct from those with neutral or positive attitudes and were more likely to be older, male, non-White, less educated, or have conservative religious beliefs, net of other factors. The authors argue attitudes reflect acceptance but not endorsement of childlessness, and substantial proportions of neutral responses merit closer examination. (Contains 3 tables.)

Published
2007
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14. Women of the 1950s and the 'Normative' Life Course: The Implications of Childlessness, Fertility Timing, and Martial Status for Psychological Well-Being in Late Midlife

Author

Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya, Pienta, Amy Mehraban, and Brown, Tyson H.

Abstract

We explore women's psychological well-being in late midlife in relation to childlessness and timing of entry into motherhood. Using two U.S. surveys, Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (1992) and National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH) (Sweet, Bumpass, & Call, 1988), we assess the well-being of childless women in their 50s compared to mothers with early, delayed, or normatively timed first births. We focus on the cohorts born between 1928 and 1941, who experienced strong normative pressures during the baby boom with regard to marriage and child-bearing. We find few differences among childless women but lower well-being among early mothers, related to singlehood and poorer socioeconomic status. Unmarried mothers are significantly disadvantaged regardless of maternal timing, controlling for socioeconomic status. Current maternal demands are independently related to well-being and help to explain observed differences in family satisfaction. Overall, childlessness and off-time child-bearing are related to midlife well-being through their link with more proximate factors, particularly current marital status, health, and socioeconomic status. The institution of marriage had a power and inevitability in the fifties that it has never had since. You simply didn't ask yourself "if" you wanted marriage and children; the only relevant questions were when and how many? And the answers were, as soon as possible and as many as possible" (Harvey, 1993, p. 69). We explore women's psychological well-being in late midlife in relation to childlessness and timing of entry into motherhood. (Harvey, 1993, p. 69). (Contains 5 tables.)

Published
2007

18. Small-group learning and hypothetical families in a large introductory course

Author

Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya, Cain, Colleen, and Coran, Justin

Subjects
Classroom management -- Research, Group work in education -- Research, Group work in education -- Usage, Team learning approach in education -- Research, Team learning approach in education -- Usage, Students -- Education, Family and marriage
Abstract

Increased university enrollments and large class sizes, especially at the introductory level, demand creative approaches to promote learning and engagement in the classroom. Small-group work can help achieve these goals, creating a positive and memorable student experience. We propose a small-group exercise that can supplement the traditional lecture format in an introductory marriage and families course. Students are assigned to small groups as members of hypothetical families and are presented with real-life situations over the course of the semester (e.g., job loss or promotion, illness, or extended absence of a family member). Students write about each new situation's effects on their individual character and discuss the implications and potential adjustments for the family. To ensure participation, students who miss class can complete an online version of the assignment. This exercise encourages a critical imagination, promotes interaction and participation, and challenges students to think critically by applying course concepts. KEYWORDS. Teaching, group work, scenarios, large classrooms, marriage and family courses

Published
2005

19. Race comparisons of the household dynamics of older adults

Author

Peek, Chuck W., Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya, Zsembik, Barbara A., and Coward, Raymond T.

Subjects
Households -- Surveys, Aging -- Research, Race -- Surveys, Race -- Influence, Psychology and mental health, Seniors
Abstract

Longitudinal studies have suggested that households are much more fluid than was once believed. Yet our understanding of changes in household composition is based on limited sets of transitions occurring across relatively long intervals. Furthermore, we know relatively little about ethnoracial variation in household dynamics. Using data from a sample of older Floridians, the authors describe race differences in longitudinal patterns of household change that occurred during four 6-month intervals. Approximately one quarter of respondents experienced some change in composition during the 24-month study. Older African Americans lived in larger and more dynamic households and were more likely to form coresident relationships with grandchildren and nonrelatives. Age, gender, marital status, and disability were also associated with the likelihood of acquiring a new household member. Findings from this research provide additional insight into the processes through which race differences in the composition of households emerge and are maintained over time. Keywords: living arrangements; race; longitudinal study; household composition

Published
2004

20. Multigenerational households of caregiving families: negotiating shared space

Author

Pruchno, Rachel A., Dempsey, Norah P., Carder, Paula, and Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

Subjects
Personal space -- Research, Caregivers -- Social aspects, Family -- Research, Frail elderly -- Social aspects, Architecture and design industries, Environmental issues, Psychology and mental health, Sociology and social work
Abstract

Data were collected from 54 primary caregivers, their husbands, and adult children who were members of multigenerational households that included a disabled person over age 65. Household characteristics were examined in relationship to perceptions of household space, burden, and satisfaction. Household characteristics did not predict either burden or satisfaction. Household conversion decreased perceptions of household space for women and for their husbands. In addition, for husbands, the more time an elder spent in shared living space, the more negative the perceptions of household space. For teenage children in the household, sharing amenities with elders resulted in more negative perceptions of household space. Results are interpreted in terms of caregiving stress and suggestions are made for home adaptations.

Published
1993

24. University Students’ Perceptions of Parents and Childless or Childfree Couples.

Author

Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya, Çopur, Zeynep, Romano, Victor, and Cody-Rydzewski, Susan

Subjects
CHILDLESSNESS, COLLEGE students, MARITAL status, CASE studies, PARENTHOOD, PSYCHOLOGY of parents, SEX distribution, STEREOTYPES, PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, STUDENT attitudes, PSYCHOLOGY
Abstract

Earlier studies have documented persistent negative stereotypes of childless or childfree adults, though acceptance has increased in recent decades. Recent studies have also shown negative biases against parents, especially mothers, in work-related contexts. The current study used college students’ responses to hypothetical vignettes (N = 1,266) to compare perceptions of childless and childfree adults and parents using means comparisons with generalized linear modeling methods, controlling for student and vignette characteristics. Results showed that parents were perceived as warmer, but with less positive marital relationships, than those without children. Mothers were perceived as more stressed and childless men and women as more emotionally troubled, but there were few differences in work-related perceptions. Childless wives with no plans to have children were perceived as least warm, whereas husbands were perceived as least stressed. Results indicate some persistent negative stereotypes of childless adults along with negative perceptions of stress and marital strains related to parenthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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25. Daughters' Generation: The Importance of Having Daughters Living Nearby for Older Korean Immigrants' Mental Health.

Author

Hunhui Oh, Ardelt, Monika, and Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

Subjects
IMMIGRANTS, ADULT children, DAUGHTERS, MENTAL depression, KOREANS, LIFE change events, SERVICES for caregivers, MENTAL health, PARENT-child relationships, SEX distribution, SONS, CULTURAL values, RESIDENTIAL patterns, WELL-being
Abstract

With declining adherence to filial piety in East Asian cultures, the closeness of adult daughters rather than sons may become more important for older Asian immigrants' well-being. With a sample of 177 older Korean immigrants to the United States (age 60+, M = 72, SD = 7.7), we examined how and to what extent having daughters living nearby rather than sons (daughters-in-law) is related to older Asian immigrants' mental health, moderating the direct relationship between stressful life events and depressive symptoms. The analyses showed physical proximity of daughters rather than sons (daughters-in-law) functioned as a stress buffer by reducing the direct relation between stressful life events and older immigrants' depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that gendered cultural expectations of adult children's caregiving roles for older Korean immigrants are changing, implying that companionship and the perceived quality of instrumental and emotional support might take priority over traditional gendered expectations of filial piety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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27. Listening Skills and the Medical Encounter: Perceptions From Practicing Physicians.

Author

Arnold, Christa L., Coran, Justin J., and Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

Subjects
LISTENING skills, COMMUNICATIVE competence, MEDICAL education, EDUCATION of physicians, PHYSICIAN training
Abstract

This exploratory study assessed how Florida physicians perceive their communication and listening skills, the skills of their physician colleagues, and further discusses the implications for better educating and training physicians in communication skills. The authors found 22% of the physicians reported that they had received excellent formal communication and listening training, 42% received some training, and 36% had no formal training with technical listening skills. Nearly a fifth of respondents (20%) rated other physicians listening abilities as poor, 43%> as fair, and 36%> as good, and 0% rated as having excellent listening skills. The authors goal is to promote discussions on how to improve the technical application of listening and other achanced communication skills within medical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016

31. Special Reviewers

Author

Abma, Joyce, primary, Acock, Alan, additional, Acs, Gregory, additional, Adams, Michele, additional, Adams, Ryan, additional, Adler, Marina A., additional, Adler‐Baeder, Francesca, additional, Ainsworth, James W., additional, Amin, Sajeda, additional, Anderson, Kathryn, additional, Anderson, Kristin, additional, Anderson, Peter, additional, Anderson, Siwan, additional, Angel, Jacqueline, additional, Arrighi, Barbara, additional, Atkinson, Alice M., additional, Avellar, Sarah, additional, Babcock, Renee, additional, Baber, Kristine, additional, Bachman, Heather, additional, Badgett, M. V. Lee, additional, Bahr, Kathleen S., additional, Bahr, Stephen, additional, Baker, Paul, additional, Banerjee, Leena, additional, Barber, Jennifer, additional, Barker, Judith C., additional, Barnes, Grace M., additional, Barnett, Rosalind C., additional, Barnett, Rosemary, additional, Bartell, Denise S., additional, Bartfeld, Judi, additional, Bartkowski, John, additional, Bartle‐Haring, Suzanne, additional, Bass, Brenda L., additional, Batson, Christie D., additional, Baum II, Charles L., additional, Bauman, Karl E., additional, Beach, Steven, additional, Beattie, Irenee R., additional, Beets, Gijs, additional, Belcastro, Philip, additional, Benda, Brent B., additional, Benin, Mary, additional, Benson, Mark, additional, Berardo, Felix M., additional, Berger, Lawrence M., additional, Berger, Roni, additional, Berke, Debra L., additional, Berry, Brent, additional, Beutel, Ann M., additional, Biddlecom, Ann, additional, Bielby, Denise D., additional, Binstock, Georgina, additional, Bjarnason, Thoroddur, additional, Blair, Clancy, additional, Blaisure, Karen R., additional, Blieszner, Rosemary, additional, Blume, Libby, additional, Bõgin, Catherine, additional, Bokker, Lon, additional, Bornstein, Marc, additional, Borsella, Angela, additional, Boss, Pauline, additional, Bouchard, Genevieve, additional, Bouchey, Heather, additional, Bould, Sally, additional, Boxer, Paul, additional, Boyce Rodgers, Kathleen, additional, Bozick, Robert, additional, Bradbury, Thomas N., additional, Bradley, Robert H., additional, Brady‐Smith, Christy, additional, Bratter, Jenifer, additional, Braun, Bonnie, additional, Brayfield, April A., additional, Brennom, Jennifer M., additional, Britto, Pia, additional, Brown, B. Bradford, additional, Brown, J. Brian, additional, Brown, Susan L., additional, Jane Brubaker, Sarah, additional, Bryson, Alex, additional, Buchanan, Christy, additional, Budescu, David V., additional, Bufford, Rodger, additional, Bulanda, Jennifer, additional, Bulanda, Ronald, additional, Bumpass, Larry L., additional, Bumpus, Matt, additional, Burdette, Amy M., additional, Burgoyne, Carole, additional, Burr, Jeffrey A., additional, Butler, Amy C., additional, Butler, Sarah M., additional, Bygren, Magnus, additional, Campbell, Lori, additional, Capaldi, Deborah, additional, Carbone‐Lopez, Kristin, additional, Carder, Paula, additional, Carini, Robert M., additional, Carlson, Elwood, additional, Carlson, Marcy J., additional, Carney, Dana R., additional, Caron, Sandra, additional, Carpenter, Brian, additional, Carrere, Sybil, additional, Cassidy, Margaret L., additional, Castle, Kathryn, additional, Cate, Rodney M., additional, Chan, Willaim, additional, Charles, Maria, additional, Cheal, David, additional, Hee Chee, Kyong, additional, Chen, Zeng‐yin, additional, Cheng, Simon, additional, Chesley, Noelle, additional, Chito Childs, Erica, additional, Christensen, Andrew, additional, Christopher, Karen L., additional, Christopher, F. Scott, additional, Ciabattari, Teresa, additional, Clements, Andrea D., additional, Clements, Mari, additional, Coatsworth, Doug, additional, Cody, Susan, additional, Cody‐Rydzewski, Susan R., additional, Cognard‐Black, Andrew, additional, Cohan, Catherine, additional, Coles, Roberta L., additional, Levine Coley, Rebekah, additional, Coltrane, Scott, additional, Conley, Terri, additional, Arnet Connidis, Ingrid, additional, Cook, Cynthia T., additional, Cookston, Jeff, additional, Cordova, James V., additional, Cornelius, Tara, additional, Crawford, Duane, additional, Cready, Cynthia M., additional, Crosnoe, Robert, additional, Crowder, Kyle D., additional, Cui, Ming, additional, Curran, Sara, additional, Daly, Martin, additional, David, Kevin M., additional, Davies, Lorraine, additional, Davis, Kelly, additional, Davis, Shannon N., additional, Davis‐Kean, Pamela, additional, De Oliveira, Ebenezer, additional, De St. Aubin, Ed, additional, De Valk, Helga, additional, De Vos, Susan, additional, Deater‐Deckard, Kirby, additional, DeGarmo, David, additional, DeKeseredy, Walter, additional, DeLeire, Thomas, additional, DeLuccie, Mary, additional, Demo, David H., additional, Dempster‐McClain, Donna, additional, Denham, Susanne, additional, Denton, Wayne, additional, DeRose, Laurie, additional, Derscheid, Linda E., additional, Desai, Sonalde, additional, Descartes, Lara, additional, Dew, Jeffrey, additional, Dilworth‐Anderson, Peggye, additional, Dodoo, Francis, additional, Dodson, Lisa, additional, Doll, Kevin, additional, Dollahite, David C., additional, Donnelly, Brenda W., additional, Donnelly, Denise A., additional, Doss, Brian, additional, Drigotas, Stephen, additional, Duncan, Greg J., additional, Duncan, Karen A., additional, Dunham, Charlotte, additional, Dunifon, Rachel, additional, Dunsmore, Julie, additional, Durden, T. Elizabeth, additional, Duxbury, Linda, additional, Dykstra, Pearl, additional, Edin, Kathryn, additional, Edwards, Mark, additional, Ehrenberg, Marion, additional, Ehrle Macomber, Jennifer L., additional, Elliott Wilson, Melanie E., additional, Elman, Cheryl, additional, Epstein, Norman, additional, Eriksen, Shelly, additional, Erlin, Carrie S., additional, Evertsson, Marie, additional, Feinberg, Mark, additional, Felson, Richard B., additional, Feltey, Kathryn, additional, Fenwick, Rudy, additional, Fernando, Rajulton, additional, Ferrick, Margaret, additional, Few, April, additional, Field, Carolyn, additional, Fingerman, Karen L., additional, Fischer, Tamar, additional, Fisher, Terri, additional, Fletcher, Anne C., additional, Fleury‐Steiner, Ruth E., additional, Floyd, Kory, additional, Formoso, Diana, additional, Foster, E. Michael, additional, Franks, Melissa, additional, Frazier, Leslie D., additional, Fruhauf, Christine A., additional, Fruth, Abbey, additional, Kang Fu, Vincent, additional, Fu, Xuanning, additional, Fulcher, Megan, additional, Gage, Anastasia, additional, Gager, Constance T., additional, Gano‐Phillips, Susan, additional, Gao, Ge, additional, Gareis, Karen, additional, Garfinkel, Irwin, additional, Gartner, Rosemary, additional, Gartstein, Maria, additional, Gassanov, Margaret, additional, Gaughan, Monica M., additional, Gavazzi, Stephen M., additional, Ge, Xiaojia, additional, Gennetian, Lisa A., additional, Gerard, Jean, additional, Gerris, Jan, additional, Thompson Gershoff, Elizabeth, additional, Gerteisen Marks, Jennifer P., additional, Giarrusso, Roseann, additional, Gibson‐Davis, Christina, additional, Gierveld, Jenny, additional, Gils, Wouter, additional, Gladstone, Jim, additional, Glaser, Karen, additional, Glenn, Norval, additional, Goldberg, Abbie, additional, Goldberg, Wendy, additional, Golden, Lonnie, additional, Goldscheider, Calvin, additional, Gonzaga, Gian, additional, Good, Marie, additional, Goodnow, Jacqueline, additional, Goodwin, Paula Y., additional, Gordon, Kristina C., additional, Gordon, Rachel, additional, Goyette, Kim A., additional, Gracia, Enrique, additional, Graefe, Deborah, additional, Grant, Darlene, additional, Grasmick, Harold, additional, Green, Kerry, additional, Stevens Greenberg, Jan, additional, Greenfield, Emily A., additional, Greenhaus, Jeffrey H., additional, Greenstein, Theodore, additional, Greve, Arent, additional, Guilamo‐Ramos, Vincent, additional, Guo, Shenyang, additional, Guzzo, Karen, additional, Haas, Linda, additional, Haddock, Shelley A., additional, Hall, Scott, additional, Hamby, Sherry, additional, Hango, Darcy W., additional, Hans, Jason D., additional, Hardesty, Constance, additional, Harknett, Kristen, additional, Harpel, Tammy, additional, Harris, Shanette M., additional, Harwood, Jake, additional, Hawkins, Daniel, additional, Haworth‐Hoeppner, Susan, additional, Heard, Holly, additional, Heaton, Tim B., additional, Helms, Heather, additional, Hendrix, Lewellyn, additional, Henly, Julia R., additional, Henry, Carolyn, additional, Herrick, Susan C., additional, Herting, Jerald, additional, Hertlein, Katherine, additional, Heyman, Richard, additional, Hill, E. Jeffrey, additional, Hiller, Harry H., additional, Hirschl, Thomas, additional, Hoekstra‐Weebers, Josette, additional, Hoelter, Lynette F., additional, Hoffmann, John P., additional, Hofsetter, C. Richard, additional, Hogan, Dennis, additional, Hohmann‐Marriott, Bryndl, additional, Holman, Thomas, additional, Holtzworth‐Munroe, Amy, additional, Honeycutt, James M., additional, Hook, Jennifer, additional, Horwitz, Allan V., additional, Hosley, Cheryl A., additional, Houseknecht, Sharon, additional, Huang, Chien‐Chung, additional, Huber, Joan, additional, Humble, Aine M., additional, Hunter, Andrea, additional, Jo Hunts, Holly, additional, Hwang, Sean‐Shong, additional, Shibley Hyde, Janet, additional, Iacovou, Maria, additional, Iceland, John, additional, Impett, Emily A., additional, Ispa, Jean, additional, Jansen, Miranda, additional, Janson, Gregory R., additional, Jasinski, Jana, additional, Jekielek, Susan, additional, Jeng, Wei‐Shiuan, additional, Jewkes, Rachel, additional, Joesch, Jutta M., additional, Johnson, Matthew, additional, Johnson, Michael P., additional, Johnson, Rosalind B., additional, Jones, Deborah, additional, Jorgensen, Stephen, additional, Joshi, Pamela, additional, Joyner, Kara, additional, Jung, Tony, additional, Kalil, Ariel, additional, Kamo, Yoshinori, additional, Kamp Dush, Claire M., additional, Karremans, Johan, additional, Kasturirangan, Aarati, additional, Kaufman, Gayle, additional, Kaukinen, Catherine, additional, Kazura, Kerry, additional, Kelley, Michelle L., additional, Kemp, Candace, additional, Kerpelman, Jennifer, additional, Kiecolt, K. Jill, additional, Killian, Tim, additional, Kim, Hyoun, additional, Kim, Irene J., additional, Kim, Julia, additional, Kirby, James, additional, Kirkpatrick Johnson, Monica, additional, Kiter Edwards, Margie, additional, Klein, David, additional, Klein, Renate, additional, Klumb, Petra, additional, Knapp, Stan, additional, Knight, Bob, additional, Knoester, Chris, additional, Kohn, Melvin L., additional, Kolburn, Amanda, additional, Korinek, Kim, additional, Koropeckyj‐Cox, Tanya, additional, Kosterman, Rick, additional, Kowal, Amanda, additional, Krampe, Edythe, additional, Kroska, Amy, additional, Krueger, Patrick M., additional, Kurz, Demie, additional, Lambert‐Shute, Jennifer, additional, Lampard, Richard, additional, Lancaster, Sandra, additional, Langenkamp, Amy, additional, Langhinrich‐Rohling, Jennifer, additional, Lansford, Jennifer E., additional, Lareau, Annette, additional, Laughlin, Lynda L., additional, Laurenceau, Jean‐Philippe, additional, Lauster, Nathanael, additional, Lavee, Yoav, additional, Lawton, Leora, additional, Lee, Gary R., additional, Lee, Kristen, additional, Lefkowitz, Eva, additional, Lein, Laura, additional, Leite, Randy, additional, Lempers, Jacques D., additional, Leon, Kim, additional, Leone, Janel, additional, Letiecq, Bethany L., additional, Li, Fuzhong, additional, Lichter, Daniel T., additional, Liefbroer, Aart C., additional, Lim, Soh‐Leong, additional, Lin, I‐Fen, additional, Lincoln, Karen, additional, Linver, Miriam, additional, Linville, Deanna C., additional, Lloyd, Kim, additional, London, Andrew S., additional, Longmore, Monica, additional, Lopoo, Lenard M., additional, Lorenz, Frederick O., additional, Ludwick, Ruth, additional, Lundquist, Jennifer, additional, Luo, Ye, additional, Lyness, Kevin, additional, Lyons, Karen S., additional, Maccoby, Eleanor, additional, MacDermid, Shelley, additional, MacDonald, William L., additional, Yagla Mack, Kristin, additional, Macmillan, Ross, additional, Macomber, Jennifer, additional, MacPhee, David, additional, MacTavish, Katherine, additional, Madise, Nyovani J., additional, Malik, Neena, additional, Manning, Wendy D., additional, Mansfield, DeeAnn, additional, Manzi, Claudia, additional, Margolin, Gayla, additional, Marks, Gary, additional, Marks, Jennifer, additional, Marks, Loren, additional, Marks, Nadine, additional, Marshall, Sheila, additional, Marsiglio, William, additional, Marteleto, Leticia, additional, Martin, Molly A., additional, Martin, Steven P., additional, Mattingly, Marybeth J., additional, Maume, David, additional, McBride, Brent A., additional, McElroy, Mary, additional, McGraw, Lori, additional, McGroder, Sharon M., additional, McHale, Susan M., additional, McPherson, Mervyl J., additional, McQuillan, Julia, additional, Mederer, Helen J., additional, Meekers, Dominique A., additional, Meinhold, Jana, additional, Melby, Janet N., additional, Mellott, Leanna, additional, Menjivar, Cecilia, additional, Messner, Steven, additional, Michaels, Marcia, additional, Milkie, Melissa A., additional, Mirsky, Julia, additional, Mollen, Debra, additional, Monden, Christiaan, additional, Moore, David, additional, Morgan, David, additional, Morgan, S. Phillip, additional, Mosack, Katie E., additional, Muraco, Anna, additional, Murray, Colleen I., additional, Murray, Susan, additional, Mustillo, Sarah, additional, Myers, Barbara J., additional, Myers, Scott M., additional, Myers‐Walls, Judith A., additional, Najarian, Cheryl, additional, Nelson, Margaret, additional, Ngee, Tick, additional, Nievar, Angela, additional, Nock, Steven L., additional, Nomaguchi, Kei, additional, O'Brien, Marion, additional, Okun, Barbara S., additional, Olson, Loreen N., additional, Openshaw, D. Kim, additional, Oppenheimer, Valerie K., additional, Oropesa, Ralph S., additional, Ortiz, Steven, additional, Osborne, Cynthia, additional, Oswald, Ramona, additional, Oyserman, Daphna, additional, Ozer, Elizabeth M., additional, Pahl, Jan, additional, Parcel, Toby L., additional, Parker, Jennifer, additional, Pavalko, Eliza, additional, Pearce, Lisa, additional, Perren, Sonja, additional, Perry, Yvette V., additional, Perry‐Jenkins, Maureen, additional, Peters, Cheryl L., additional, Peterson, Brennan, additional, Philaretou, Andreas, additional, Phua, VooChin, additional, Piercy, Kathy, additional, Pillemer, Karl, additional, Poehlmann, Julie, additional, Pollard, Michael, additional, Porterfield, Shirley L., additional, Powell, Brian, additional, Ann Powell, Mary, additional, Prazak, Miroslava, additional, Proulx, Christine M., additional, Pruchno, Rachel, additional, Pungello, Elizabeth, additional, Punyanunt‐Carter, Narissra, additional, Putnam, Samuel P., additional, Baolian Qin, Desiree, additional, Honn Qualls, Sara, additional, Radina, M. 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Published
2005
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32. The conditional benefits of parenthood (or childlessness) for subjective well-being in older adulthood

Author

Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya and Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

Abstract

Research in gerontology and the sociology of the family has emphasized the importance of adult offspring for providing social and emotional support in old age. Childless older adults are regarded as potentially disadvantaged, whereas the presence of adult children is used as a marker of social integration and resources among older parents. The simple distinction between parents and childless adults, however, masks a diversity of experiences and attitudes which condition the link between parental status and subjective well-being. Using data from the National Survey of Families and Households (1988), this dissertation finds no significant differences in loneliness and depression between parents and childless adults, aged 50–84. A more nuanced typology of parental status, based on parent-child relationship quality and attitudes about childlessness, demonstrates a more complex, conditional link between parenthood or childlessness and subjective well-being. For both men and women, poorer quality relationships with adult children are associated with significantly higher levels of loneliness and depression, compared to parents with better relationships or childless adults. Among childless women, those who hold attitudes that conflict with their own childless status (they believe that it is better to have a child than to remain childless) report higher levels of loneliness and depression compared to the childless women with congruent attitudes or mothers. Qualitative analyses of life histories and in-depth interviews with older adults illuminate the diversity of experiences among the childless and parents. The reasons and attitudes underlying the childless status, as well as re-assessments throughout the life course, define the meanings, salience, and consequences of childlessness for older men and women. Negative assessments of childlessness are linked with persistent pro-natalist attitudes as well as re-appraisals of childlessness in the face of social losses, health decl

Published
1998

33. Loneliness and depression in middle and old age: are the childless more vulnerable?

Author

Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

Subjects
Depression in old age -- Research, Loneliness -- Research, Middle aged persons -- Psychological aspects, Childlessness -- Psychological aspects, Family -- Psychological aspects, Health, Psychology and mental health, Seniors
Abstract

Objectives. This study tests whether childlessness is significantly related to greater loneliness or depression among older adults, both alone and in conjunction with marital status. Methods. Using data from the 1988 National Survey of Families and Households, the relative circumstances of community-dwelling, permanently childless adults and biological parents (with at least one surviving child), 50-84 years old, are compared. Multivariate models are used to test the effects of parental status and combined marital-parental statuses on loneliness and depression, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Results. Results of multivariate analyses show no significant, direct effect of childlessness, though a marginally significant effect appears for women. However, small but significant differences are observed within a typology combining marital and parental statuses. Widowed men and women report higher levels of loneliness and depression than married parents regardless of parental status. Divorced parents are also significantly more vulnerable. The subjective well-being of never married, childless men and women is indistinguishable from that of their roamed peers. Discussion. The results confirm earlier studies, indicating that childlessness is not necessarily linked with diminished subjective well-being among older adults. However, marital status represents an important context within which to understand and evaluate the experience of parental status.

Published
1998

34. Community Contexts of University Presenters and Their Audiences.

Author

Kitchen, Deeb, Gattone, Charles, Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya, and Jawde, William

Subjects
CULTURE, MARKET penetration, MARKETING, SOCIAL groups, SOCIOLOGY
Abstract

The current study adds two important sociological perspectives to the understanding of audience values and preferences resulting from the Original MUP study. It takes into account the larger community contexts of the presenter-audience relationship. First, focusing on social and cultural characteristics, we construct an alternative audience segmentation model that draws more specifically on sociological research on social capital and engagement, socioeconomic dimensions of taste, and subculture affinities. We examine how an audience segmentation model based on social attributes and cultural affinities can help to elucidate audience preferences and potential attendance. Second, we incorporate data on the specific community contexts of the University Presenters (and their potential audiences) in order to examine the influence of contextual dimensions on the relations of audience characteristics with preferences and attendance. The findings of this research will allow for a more thorough understanding of the dimensions of community contexts that influence engagement with the performing arts. Audience members' social locations and relationships are directly connected to their various cultural tastes and practices. At the same time, larger communities (and the place of presenting organizations within them) define the opportunities, constraints, and potential allegiances of audience members. Our findings offer a nuanced assessment of audience preferences within their particular communities and inform strategies for planning, marketing, and outreach that take into account contextual variations. The findings will also help to inform policy and arts development by considering the interrelations of communities, institutions, and audience populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

36. Women Without Children (Book).

Author

Koropeckyj-Cox, Tanya

Subjects
CHILDLESSNESS, NONFICTION
Abstract

Reviews the book "Women Without Children: Nurturing Lives," by Yvonne Vissing.

Published
2003

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