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Designing spintronics materials with high Tc is a big challenge in the modern nanomaterials’ research. V[TCNE]x is considered to be an excellent candidate for spintronics applications with some advanced properties. Ferrimagnetic resonance (FMR) of three high-Tc organic-based magnetic V[TCNE]x films is reported. These samples prepared by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method under different preparatory conditions have different transition temperatures: > 300 K (sample A), 280 K (sample B), and 220 K (sample C). Their different magnetic parameters such as effective magnetization, full width at half maximum, etc. have being studied in the temperature range 10– 300 K. Sample A shows long-range ordered magnetic behaviour, while samples B and C exhibit spin-glass-like behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase equilibria and structural transformations in the ternary ZrO2–CeO2–Yb2O3 system at 1100°C were studied by X-ray diffraction over the entire composition range. Fields of solid solutions based on monoclinic (M) and tetragonal (T) ZrO2 modifications, cubic (C) Yb2O3 modification, cubic fluorite-type (F) CeO2 (ZrO2) modification, and an intermediate Zr3Yb4O12 (δ) orthorhombic phase were found to exist in the system. The boundaries of the phase fields and lattice parameters of the phases were determined. The maximum solubility of cerium oxide in the δ phase was 4 mol.% at the CeO2–(60 mol.% ZrO2–40 mol.% Yb2O3) section. Solid solutions based on the tetragonal ZrO2 modification were established to form in the region with high ZrO2 content. The solubility of Yb2O3 in T-ZrO2 is low and comes to δ0.5 mol.%, which is evidenced by X-ray diffraction and microstructural analyses. The solid solutions based on the tetragonal ZrO2 modification cannot be quenched from high temperatures in the chosen cooling conditions. An infinite series of F-CeO2(ZrO2) solid solutions forms at 1100°C. The isothermal section of the ZrO2–CeO2–Yb2O3 system at 1100°C contains one three-phase region (F + C + δ), five single-phase regions (FCeO2(ZrO2), M-ZrO2, T-ZrO2, δ, C-Yb2O3), and five two-phase regions (C + F, C + δ, F + δ, F + T, T + M). New phases were not found in the system. The nature of phase equilibria in the ternary ZrO2–CeO2–Yb2O3 system at 1100°C is determined by the constitution of binary phase diagrams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background With the development of increasingly sophisticated three-dimensional volumetric imaging methods, tumor volume can serve as a robust and reproducible measurement of drug efficacy. Since the use of molecularly targeted agents in the clinic will almost certainly involve combinations with other therapeutic modalities, the use of volumetric determination can help to identify a dosing schedule of sequential combinations of cytostatic drugs resulting in long term control of tumor growth with minimal toxicity. The aim of this study is to assess high resolution sonography imaging for the in vivo monitoring of efficacy of Infliximab in pancreatic tumor. Methods In the first experiment, primary orthotopic pancreatic tumor growth was measured with Infliximab treatment. In the second experiment, orthotopic tumors were resected ten days after inoculation of tumor cells and tumor recurrence was measured following Infliximab treatment. Tumor progression was evaluated using 3D high resolution sonography. Results Sonography measurement of tumor volume in vivo showed inhibitory effect of Infliximab on primary tumor growth in both non-resected and resected models. Measurement of the dynamics of tumor growth by sonography revealed that in the primary tumor Infliximab is effective against established tumors while in the resection model, Infliximab is more effective at an early stage following tumor resection. Infliximab treatment is also effective in inhibiting tumor growth growth as a result of tumor cell contamination of the surgical field. Conclusions Clinical application of Infliximab is feasible in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting. Infliximab is also effective in slowing the growth of tumor growth under the peritoneum and may have application in treating peritoneal carcinomatosis. Finally the study demonstrates that high resolution sonography is a sensitive imaging modality for the measurement of pancreatic tumor growth.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and chronic pancreatitis, representing one risk factor for PDAC, are characterized by a marked desmoplasia enriched of pancreatic myofibroblasts (PMFs). Thus, PMFs are thought to essentially promote pancreatic tumorigenesis. We recently demonstrated that the adhesion molecule L1CAM is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of PMF-cocultured H6c7 human ductal epithelial cells and that L1CAM is expressed already in ductal structures of chronic pancreatitis with even higher elevation in primary tumors and metastases of PDAC patients. This study aimed at investigating whether PMFs and L1CAM drive malignant transformation of pancreatic ductal epithelial cells by enhancing their tumorigenic potential. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that in the presence of PMFs, H6c7 cells exhibit a profound resistance against death ligand-induced apoptosis. This apoptosis protection was similarly observed in H6c7 cells stably overexpressing L1CAM. Intrapancreatic inoculation of H6c7 cells together with PMFs (H6c7co) resulted in tumor formation in 7/8 and liver metastases in 6/8 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice, whereas no tumors and metastases were detectable after inoculation of H6c7 cells alone. Likewise, tumor outgrowth and metastases resulted from inoculation of L1CAM-overexpressing H6c7 cells in 5/7 and 3/7 SCID mice, respectively, but not from inoculation of mock-transfected H6c7 cells. Treatment of H6c7co tumor-bearing mice with the L1CAM antibody L1-9.3/2a inhibited tumor formation and liver metastasis in 100 and 50%, respectively, of the treated animals. Overall, these data provide new insights into the mechanisms of how PMFs and L1CAM contribute to malignant transformation of pancreatic ductal epithelial cells in early stages of pancreatic tumorigenesis.

Background: With the development of increasingly sophisticated three-dimensional volumetric imaging methods, tumor volume can serve as a robust and reproducible measurement of drug efficacy. Since the use of molecularly targeted agents in the clinic will almost certainly involve combinations with other therapeutic modalities, the use of volumetric determination can help to identify a dosing schedule of sequential combinations of cytostatic drugs resulting in long term control of tumor growth with minimal toxicity. The aim of this study is to assess high resolution sonography imaging for the in vivo monitoring of efficacy of Infliximab in pancreatic tumor., Methods: In the first experiment, primary orthotopic pancreatic tumor growth was measured with Infliximab treatment. In the second experiment, orthotopic tumors were resected ten days after inoculation of tumor cells and tumor recurrence was measured following Infliximab treatment. Tumor progression was evaluated using 3D high resolution sonography., Results: Sonography measurement of tumor volume in vivo showed inhibitory effect of Infliximab on primary tumor growth in both non-resected and resected models. Measurement of the dynamics of tumor growth by sonography revealed that in the primary tumor Infliximab is effective against established tumors while in the resection model, Infliximab is more effective at an early stage following tumor resection. Infliximab treatment is also effective in inhibiting tumor growth growth as a result of tumor cell contamination of the surgical field., Conclusions: Clinical application of Infliximab is feasible in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting. Infliximab is also effective in slowing the growth of tumor growth under the peritoneum and may have application in treating peritoneal carcinomatosis. Finally the study demonstrates that high resolution sonography is a sensitive imaging modality for the measurement of pancreatic tumor growth.