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Twenty-three species of the genera Aspistomella Hendel, 1909, Polyteloptera Hendel, 1909, and Ulivellia Speiser, 1929 occurring in South America (Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, and Brazil) form a monophyletic lineage sharing certain combinations of plesiomorphies and apomorphies with similar larval biology. The name Aspistomella Hendel, 1909 is a new senior subjective synonym of Paraphyola Hendel, 1909. The group of genera is extended by the addition of six known species, Aspistomella angustifrons (Hendel, 1909) comb. nov., A. crucifera (Hendel, 1909) comb. nov., A. lobioptera Hendel, 1909, A. heteroptera Hendel, 1909, A. lunata (Hendel, 1909) comb. nov., Polyteloptera apotropa Hendel, 1909, and Ulivellia inversa Speiser, 1929, and 17 previously unknown species. Aspistomella duo Kovac, Kameneva & V. Korneyev, sp. nov., A. enderleini Kameneva & V. Korneyev, sp. nov., A. garleppi Kameneva & V. Korneyev, sp. nov., A. obliqua Kameneva, V. Korneyev & Savaris, sp. nov., A. pachitea Kameneva & V. Korneyev, sp. nov., A. quinquincisa Kameneva & V. Korneyev, sp. nov., A. sachavaca Smit & Kameneva, sp. nov., A. schnusei Kameneva & V. Korneyev, sp. nov., A. steyskali Kameneva & S. Korneyev, sp. nov., A. teresensis Araújo, V. Korneyev & Savaris, sp. nov., A. tres Kovac, Kameneva & V. Korneyev, sp. nov., Ulivellia amnoni Smit, sp. nov., U. arcuata Kovac & Kameneva, sp. nov., U. laetitiae Smit, sp. nov., U. pseudinsolita Kameneva & V. Korneyev sp. nov., and U. tenoris Kovac & Kameneva sp. nov. are described. A key to the genera and species is given. Among the Lipsanini, this group of genera is easily recognised by the combination of an enlarged, anteriorly produced epistome (lower part of the face) and a low clypeus (in the other lipsanine genera the clypeus is high and the epistome is not enlarged), which supports its monophyly, and the differentiated short parafrontal setulae and long and strong frontal and interfrontal setae, which is a synapomorphy of a larger monophyletic lineage that also includes Chaetopsis Loew, 1868 and related taxa, as well as Amethysa Macquart, 1835, Euphara Loew, 1868 and their relatives. As far as is known, most species of this larger lineage are associated with various Poaceae plants. The species included here in the Aspistomella group are also associated with neotropical tall grasses: bamboo (Guadua) and wild cane (Gynerium). Aspistomella and Ulivellia larvae inhabit water-filled internode cavities (= "bamboo phytotelmata") of living bamboo culms of Guadua angustifolia. Newly emerged larvae use tunnels made by lepidopteran borers (Crambidae caterpillars) to penetrate the hard bamboo walls. Aspistomella and Ulivellia larvae are saprophagous and adapted to an aquatic lifestyle. The last instar larvae jump easily and pupate in the soil. The external morphology, cuticular sensilla and cephalopharyngeal skeletons of the third instar larvae of five Aspistomella and Ulivellia species (one with unknown adult stage) were studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. The main features that allow the identification of larvae and puparia are the unique posterior spiracles and the structure of the abdominal creeping welts. The morphological characteristics of Aspistomella and Ulivellia larvae are compared with other Lipsanini and their feeding habits with other ulidiids. An identification key for Aspistomella and Ulivellia is given. The adaptations to life in bamboo phytotelmata found in both neotropical Aspistomella and Ulivellia and in oriental members of the closely related family Tephritidae are discussed.

Two previously undescribed species of Bactrocera Macquart with distinct orange medial stripes on the scutum were collected in multi-lure traps baited with cue-lure during a fruit fly survey carried out in the Philippines in 2019. We describe Bactrocera youngi sp. n. and B. ellenriederae sp. n., both in the subgenus Bactrocera. An illustrated identification key is given for all known species of Bactrocera with orange stripes on the scutum. COI mitochondrial DNA sequences confirm that our new species are distinct from the other species with orange stripes. Additionally, B. bivittata Lin & Wang, 2005 is recorded from Thailand for the first time.

A new species ofTephritisLatreille,Tephritis himalayaeManeesh and Korneyev,sp. n.is described from the higher hills of Himachal Pradesh (India). The species was found breeding on the very common orchard weedCirsium falconeri(Hook.f.). The new species belongs to thehyoscyami-conuragroup of species and is very closely related toT. cardualisHardy. An identification key for the genusTephritisknown from the Indian subcontinent is given. In addition,Urophora terebrans(Loew), a Palearctic species, is recorded from the mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh, India. Illustrations for both species are given.

Themarictera rinhai sp. n. is described from Madagascar. Previously Themarictera was a monotypic genus with only the species, T. flaveolata (Fabricius, 1805) having several synonyms, from continental Africa. A key for identification of both species is provided.

Species of the genus Tephritis usually have the wing pattern with dark rays on veins R4+5 and M connected to the preapical dark spot or to each other (often called the "apical fork). Some species, however, have a solid apical crossband (Korneyev, 2013), whereas others have an isolated pair of apical spots. Specimens with the latter morphological character occasionally occur in many species with typical wing patterns, but in this article we focus on the species that normally have it. They occur mostly in the Palaearctic Region, except T. candidipennis Foote, 1960 from North America. A total of twenty species are recognized in this complex, including three new species and two new subspecies: Tephritis arsenii S. Korneyev, 2015, T. bardanae (Schrank 1803), T. conyzifoliae Merz 1992, T. crepidis Hendel 1927, T. dilacerata (Loew 1846), T. dilacerata kaszabi new subspecies, T. formosa (Loew 1844), T. ghissarica new species, T. hendeliana Hering 1944, T. hyoscyami (Linnaeus 1758), T. kyrghyzica new species, T. kogardtauica Hering 1944, T. kovalevi Korneyev Kameneva 1990, T. kovalevi kumana new subspecies; T. postica (Loew 1844), T. stictica Loew 1862, T. theryi Séguy 1930, T. tridentata S. Korneyev Mohamadzade-Namin 2013, T. truncata (Loew 1844), T. valida (Loew 1862), T. youngiana new species, and T. zernyi Hendel 1927. Most of the species are keyed, redescribed and illustrated based on extensive material from the Palaearctic Region. Lectotypes of T. dilacerata, T. formosa, T. hendeliana, T. truncata, T. valida, T. posis, T. heiseri, T. procera and a neotype for T. postica are designated. Known host plants of this complex belong to the tribes Anthemideae, Cardueae, Cichorieae, Inuleae, and Senecioneae (Asteraceae); preliminary comparison of the morphological characters (other than the wing pattern) with the distribution among host plants shows that the flies apparently do not form a monophyletic group, belonging to several different lineages, which also include other species with the typical "forked wing pattern. New distribution records and host plants are reported.        The following synonymies are established: Musca hyoscyami Linnaeus 1758 = Tephritis heiseri Frauenfeld 1865 new synonym; Trypeta postica Loew 1844 = Tephritis posis Hering 1939 new synonym.

The type specimens of fruit flies described by Dr. Theodor Becker based on material collected in China (Xinjiang and Xizang) and Iran by Russian expeditions directed by Petr Kozlov and Mykola Zarudny are listed and figured. They are deposited in the collection of the Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg with some duplicates in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. Current concepts of the species, their morphological characters (illustrated by photographs of type specimens), current condition, and nomenclature are discussed.

Tephritis arnicae (Linnaeus, 1758) from Europe was the hitherto only Palearctic species of the genus Tephritis known to infest flowerheads of asteraceous plants of the tribe Senecioneae. An additional species with similar biology, Tephritis arsenii, new species, recently discovered in Iran and Armenia is described. It is very similar to T. arnicae in the shape of the aculeus and spermathecae, as well as the wing with darkened anal lobe and abdominal tergites with black setulae, but differs from it by the white posterior orbital and notopleural setae, and also by details of the wing pattern. Larvae of T. arsenii feed in flowerheads of Doronicum dolichotrichum Cavill of the tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae).

The maccus species group of the genus Tephritis Latreille 1804 is revised. The maccus group contains five species with a radiate wing pattern, cell r without or with only one large hyaline spot or indentation on the anterior wing margin, and the aculeus moderately broad, sharply narrowing and pointed at the very apex. The included species are: Tephritis azari Mohamadzade Namin & Korneyev, Tephritis gharalii sp. nov., Tephritis maccus Hering, Tephritis sophus and Tephritis urelliosomima Korneyev & Dirlbek.

The genus Heringina Aczél, 1940 is revised and shown to belong to the Tephritis group of genera and is closely related to Tephritis and Multireticula. Literature records are revised, and available collection material is listed. The genus includes two species: H. guttata (Fallén 1814) originally described from the sand dunes of southern Sweden and occurring from the Baltic region through Ukraine and Caucasus to Turkey, Iran, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan, and Heringina arezoana sp. nov., found in Iran and eastern Turkey. Both species are described, illustrated, and keyed. Host plants and localization of larvae remain unknown; adult flies of both species are commonly swept from (but never reared) flower heads of Helichrysum arenarium. Other records of host plants listed by Boie (1847) and repeated in most important European monographs, are obviously based on misidentified flies. Possible relationships of Heringina with Tephritis and Multireticula are discussed.

Eleven species of the genus Tephritis with an uncommon banded wing pattern and/or solid apical crossband/spot instead of apical fork, mainly from the Palaearctic Middle East, are described and keyed, including Tephritis afrostriata new species, T. cameo new species, T gladius new species, T. ochroptera new species, and T. robusta new species. The following synonymy is established: Tephritis admissa Hering 1961 = T. conflata Dirlbek & Dirlbek 1995 new synonym. Lectotypes for T. angulatofasciata Portschinsky 1892 and T. tatarica Portschinsky 1892 are designated. New distribution records are reported. Tephritis tatarica is recorded to be reared Alfredia nivea Kar. et Kir.; T. admissa, T. cameo, T. gladius, and T. ochroptera were swept from Cousinia spp., which very probably are their host plants.