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Superior mechanical response of twinnable materials fundamentally arises from an elevation of Critical Resolved Shear Stresses (CRSS) due to Dislocation-Twin Boundary (D-TB) reactions. These reactions exhibit rich variety with several possible outcomes and exhibit complex dependence on microstructural properties, causing state-of-the-art models to adopt a case-by-case simulation of each reaction relying on empirical potentials or twin-interaction parameters. We develop an analytical “Evolving Dislocation Core” (EDC) model devoid of empiricism, capable of predicting the CRSS-elevation for any reaction, given the microstructural properties (elastic constants, twin crystallography, etc.). The approach is fundamentally rooted in energy-minimization within a fully-anisotropic framework revealing the evolution of dislocation cores with progression of the reaction. The core-structure of complex dislocations (e.g. stair-rod) in the reaction is proposed, for the first time in literature, as a non-planar composite of disregistries distributed on slip and twin planes. The model is applied to multiple slip-incorporation reactions in several Face-Centered-Cubic (FCC) materials (Pb, Ag, Cu, Ni-Co alloys and Ni-Ti alloys and high-entropy alloy FeNiCoCrMn). The predicted CRSS-elevations show agreement with atomistic simulations (Ni) and experiment (FeNiCoCrMn). The model further establishes a strong correlation of the elevation with unstable stacking/twinning fault energy and the magnitude of the sessile dislocation's Burgers vector, while revealing poor correlation with the stable intrinsic stacking fault energy which is a common benchmark. Thus the analytical EDC model developed in this study advances understanding of slip-twin interactions on multiple fronts while serving as an effective predictive model for CRSS-elevation instrumental in materials design.

To investigate the survival-related factors of patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer who underwent debulking surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).Two hundred three patients with stage IIIC to IV ovarian cancer who underwent debulking surgery after NAC between 2002 and 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Overall survival-associated factors, including the performance of optimal surgery, the timing of NAC cycles, the presence of tumour regression according to the pathology report, and lymphadenectomy, were explored using logistic regression analyses.Of the 203 patients, 82% (n = 165) underwent optimal surgery. The median follow-up time was 34 months (range 1-124), and the median overall survival was 37.5 months (95% CI 32.6-42.3). The 5-year overall survival rate was 31.3%. Performance of optimal surgery;4 NAC cycles; presence of tumour regression (either macroscopically, microscopically, or no tumour present) in the omentum according to the pathology report; and lymphadenectomy were found to be statistically significant based on a univariate Cox analysis. Of these factors,1 cm residual tumour, no tumour regression in the omentum according to the pathology report, and4 NAC cycles were significant predictors of a poor prognosis based on a multivariate Cox model (hazard ratio [HR] 1.62, 95% CI 1.02-2.59; HR 2.07, 95% CI 1.36-3.17; HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.07-2.34, respectively).Results of the study support that1 cm residual tumour at the end of the surgery, the presence of a macroscopic tumour in the omentum, and4 NAC cycles were independent poor prognostic factors in patients with advanced stage ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer who underwent surgery after NAC.

Aims The prevention of acute kidney injury can be lifesaving for the intensive care unit patients. However, conventional methods are not sufficient for the prediction of the risk of future acute kidney injury. In this study, the promising biomarker, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, was compared with cystatin C as an indicator for the risk of future acute kidney injury. Methods One hundred and eighty-three adult patients without chronic kidney disease or renal replacement therapy were included in this study. The plasma and urine concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C were assessed on the second day after intensive care unit admission and were followed for seven days to monitor the development of acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury diagnosis was based on the risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage renal failure criteria. Results Thirty-four per cent of the patients had acute kidney injury; 17 patients who did not fulfil criteria at the beginning, developed acute kidney injury from days 3 to 7 after admission. The mean serum creatinine on admission did not significantly differ between this and control groups (0.72 ± 0.20 and 0.83 ± 0.21; P = 0.060); however, the serum and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations on the second day were significantly different (median: 75.69 [54.18–91.18] and 123.68 [90.89–166.31], P = 0.001; and median: 17.60 [8.56–34.04] and 61.37 [24.59–96.63], P = 0.001). Notably, the 48-h serum cystatin C concentration did not differ. Conclusion Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations in the urine and serum on the second day of intensive care unit admission could be used to predict the development of acute kidney injury in the following three to seven days in the intensive care unit; however, the cystatin C concentration did not have predictive value.

Molecular balance between Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) has important effects in tumor angiogenesis. Ang-2 was shown to be elevated and proved to be a prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To date studies revealed increased angiogenesis in bone marrows (BMs) of both myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and AML patients. We conducted this study to demonstrate circulating levels of Ang-1 and Ang-2 in MPN patients since no data exists in literature. Thirty-three newly diagnosed MPN, 27 newly diagnosed AML patients and 25 controls (HC) were enrolled and Angiopoietin levels were determined with ELISA. We found that Ang-1 levels were higher whereas Ang-2 levels were lower in MPN and HC when compared to AML. Our results suggest that though angiogenesis is increased in both AML and MPN, angiopoietin serum level profile of the two diseases are different, and MPN patients have similar Ang-1 and Ang-2 levels as HC. We conclude that, according to our results Ang-1 and Ang-2 do not only regulate tumor angiogenesis and the difference between angiopoietin levels of acute and chronic myeloid neoplasms could be a reflection of other effects of these growth factors on tumor malignancy.

Gluten enteropatisinin ileri donemdeki iyi bilinen komplikasyonlarindan biri enteropati iliskili lenfomadir. Hastaligin tedavisinde ve lenfoma gelisiminden korumada, gluten iceren gidalarin, omur boyunca diyetten uzaklastirilmalari gerekir. Glutensiz diyet sonrasi, hastalarin cogunda klinik duzelme gorulur ve intestinal mukozal yapi normale doner. Duzelmeyen az sayidaki hastada, refrakter hastalik dusunulur; altta yatan bir jejunoileitis (ulseratif jejunit) veya lenfoma olabilir. Bu nedenle biz de gluten enteropatisi tanisi konan ve diyete once cevap verip sonrasinda refrakter olan, cift balon enteroskopide jejunal kitle oldugunu saptadigimiz ve cerrahi rezeksiyon sonrasi enteropati iliskili T hucreli lenfoma tespit ettigimiz olgumuzu sunmak istedik. Bu vaka bize endoskopik tetkiklerle malign gorunumlu kitle lezyonu tespit edilse dahi ozellikle ulser ve erozyonlarin varliginda inflamatuvar degisikliklerin etkisi ile alinan biyopsilerde neoplastik hucrelerin tanimlanamayabilecegini gostermistir. Bu vakada oldugu gibi siddetle malignite dusunulen vakalarda cerrahi ile hem tani konabilir hem de tedavi saglanabilir.

In this study, genotoxic properties of some synthetic acidic dyes were researched by umu-test (Salmonella thyphimurium TA1535/pSK1002) which is a short term bacterial test. The study analyzed genetoxic activity of Acid Blue 127, Acid Orange 51, Acid Black 63, Acid Yellow 17 and Acid Blue 113 synthetic acidic dyes in presence and absence of S9 fraction used in Textile industry. Solutions of dyes at concentrations of 400 µg/ml, 120 µg/ml, 40 µg/ml and 4 µg/ml were prepared; and biotransformation effects of dyes that undergo chemical modifications on organisms were examined by measuring betagalactosidase activity in presence of liver enzymes by using rat S9 fraction. At the mentioned concentrations the absorbance values of betagalactosidase activity were measured for 5 synthetic acidic dyes and none of them showed mutagenic effect either in presence or absence of S9 fraction. In addition, these results mean that these synthetic acidic dyes are not metabolized with liver enzymes.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Metformin, the most commonly used antidiabetic, also has an antiatherogenic effect. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is increased in patients with high thrombogenic activation and also at risk for atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of metformin on MPV values in newly diagnosed type II DM patients on metformin monotherapy. In this study, 60 newly diagnosed type II DM patients (45 females, 15 males), who had applied to the Kocaeli University School of Medicine Endocrinology outpatient clinic, and 47 healthy individuals (35 females, 12 males) were included. The two groups have similarity for age, sex and body mass index. The patients with additional disease, nephropathy, smoking and using drugs that may affect the MPV were excluded. At baseline and 6 months after metformin treatment, patient demographics and laboratory values were compared. MPV was higher among type II DM patients than the control group (p 0.001). After 6 months of metformin treatment, MPV values were significantly decreased (p 0.001). HbA1c and mean platelet mass were also significantly decreased (p = 0.022 and 0.001, respectively). There was no correlation between MPV and HbA1c values (r = -0.13, p = 0.926). Metformin, which has been shown to exhibit antiatherogenic effect through positive effects on cholesterol levels, inflammatory markers and vascular adhesion molecules, decreased MPV values that appear to play a crucial role at the beginning of atherosclerosis development. We conclude that our result may contribute to the explanation for antiatherogenic effect of metformin.

e15144 Background: Hepatocellulary carcinoma (HCC) consists of 85-90 % of liver tumors.. Several molecular markers are developed for early diagnosis. Adhesion molecules like VCAM and EPCAM are in t...

e14533 Background: Claudin-7 (CLDN7) belongs to the claudin family which consists of 24 subtypes of essential tight junction integral membrane proteins with molecular weights of 20-27 kDa. Tight ju...