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1. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale: Its Structure and Measurement Invariance Across 48 Countries

Author

Sawicki, AJ, Zemojtel-Piotrowska, M, Balcerowska, JM, Sawicka, MJ, Piotrowski, J, Sedikides, C, Jonason, PK, Maltby, J, Adamovic, M, Agada, AMD, Ahmed, O, Al-Shawaf, L, Appiah, SCY, Ardi, R, Babakr, ZH, Baltatescu, S, Bonato, M, Cowden, RG, Chobthamkit, P, De Pretto, L, Gouveia, VV, Haretche, C, Ilisko, D, Aruta, JJB, Jia, F, Jovanovic, V, Jukic, T, Kamble, S, Khachatryan, N, Klicperova-Baker, M, Koralov, M, Kovacs, M, Kretchner, M, Fernandez, AL, Liik, K, Malik, NI, Malysheva, K, Moon, C, Muehlbacher, S, Nartova-Bochaver, S, Torres-Marin, J, Ozsoy, E, Park, J, Piccinelli, E, Ramos-Diaz, J, Ridic, O, Samekin, A, Starc, A, Kieu, TTT, Tomsik, R, Umeh, CS, Wills-Herrera, E, Wlodarczyk, A, Vally, Z, Zand, S, Sawicki, AJ, Zemojtel-Piotrowska, M, Balcerowska, JM, Sawicka, MJ, Piotrowski, J, Sedikides, C, Jonason, PK, Maltby, J, Adamovic, M, Agada, AMD, Ahmed, O, Al-Shawaf, L, Appiah, SCY, Ardi, R, Babakr, ZH, Baltatescu, S, Bonato, M, Cowden, RG, Chobthamkit, P, De Pretto, L, Gouveia, VV, Haretche, C, Ilisko, D, Aruta, JJB, Jia, F, Jovanovic, V, Jukic, T, Kamble, S, Khachatryan, N, Klicperova-Baker, M, Koralov, M, Kovacs, M, Kretchner, M, Fernandez, AL, Liik, K, Malik, NI, Malysheva, K, Moon, C, Muehlbacher, S, Nartova-Bochaver, S, Torres-Marin, J, Ozsoy, E, Park, J, Piccinelli, E, Ramos-Diaz, J, Ridic, O, Samekin, A, Starc, A, Kieu, TTT, Tomsik, R, Umeh, CS, Wills-Herrera, E, Wlodarczyk, A, Vally, Z, and Zand, S

Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been a source of fear around the world. We asked whether the measurement of this fear is trustworthy and comparable across countries. In particular, we explored the measurement invariance and cross-cultural replicability of the widely used Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S), testing community samples from 48 countries (N = 14,558). The findings indicate that the FCV-19S has a somewhat problematic structure, yet the one-factor solution is replicable across cultural contexts and could be used in studies that compare people who vary on gender and educational level. The validity of the scale is supported by a consistent pattern of positive correlations with perceived stress and general anxiety. However, given the unclear structure of the FCV-19S, we recommend using latent factor scores, instead of raw scores, especially in cross-cultural comparisons. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Published
2022

2. Grandiose narcissism, unfounded beliefs, and behavioral reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Author

Żemojtel-Piotrowska M, Sawicki A, Piotrowski J, Lifshin U, Kretchner M, Skowronski JJ, Sedikides C, Jonason PK, Adamovic M, Ahmed O, Atitsogbe KA, Al-Shawaf L, Appiah SCY, Ardi R, Azam U, Babakr ZH, Baldursson EB, Bălțătescu S, Bochaver K, Bolatov A, Bonato M, Bundhoo HY, Chaleeraktrakoon T, Chobthamkit P, Cowden RG, Counted V, de Clunie G, Dragova-Koleva S, Esteves CS, Gouveia VV, Gundolf K, Hamouda S, Haretche C, Jeong EHK, Iliško D, Malik NI, Aruta JJB, Jia F, Jovanović V, Jukić T, Jukić DP, Kamble SV, Khachatryan N, Klicperova-Baker M, Kogler C, Knezović E, Koralov M, Kovacs M, Eldesoki WLM, Fernandez AL, Liik K, Malik S, Maltby J, Malysheva K, Mamuti A, Mangafic J, Moon C, Milfont TL, Muehlbacher S, Najafi R, Özsoy E, Park J, de León PP, Solcova IP, Ramos-Diaz J, Ridic G, Riđić O, Samekin A, Spoto A, Starc A, Stefenel D, Trà KTT, Tiliouine H, Tomšik R, Torres-Marín J, Umeh CS, Wills-Herrera E, Wlodarczyk A, Vally Z, Vauclair CM, Yahiiaiev I, and Zand S

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Middle Aged, Young Adult, COVID-19 psychology, COVID-19 epidemiology, Narcissism
Abstract

A theoretical perspective on grandiose narcissism suggests four forms of it (sanctity, admiration, heroism, rivalry) and states that these forms conduce to different ways of thinking and acting. Guided by this perspective, we examined in a multinational and multicultural study (61 countries; N = 15,039) how narcissism forms are linked to cognitions and behaviors prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As expected, differences in cognitions and behaviors across narcissism forms emerged. For example, higher narcissistic rivalry predicted lower likelihood of enactment of COVID-19 prevention behaviors, but higher narcissistic sanctity predicted higher likelihood of enactment of COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Further, whereas the heroism, admiration, and rivalry narcissism forms acted in a typically antisocial manner, with high narcissism predicting greater endorsement of unfounded health beliefs, the sanctity form acted in a prosocial manner, with higher narcissism being linked to lower endorsement of unfounded COVID-19 health beliefs. Thus, the findings (a) support the idea of four narcissism forms acting differently, and (b) show that these differences reflect a double-edged sword, sometimes linking to an anti-social orientation, and sometimes linking to a pro-social orientation., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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3. The fear of COVID-19 scale: Its structure and measurement invariance across 48 countries.

Author

Sawicki AJ, Żemojtel-Piotrowska M, Balcerowska JM, Sawicka MJ, Piotrowski J, Sedikides C, Jonason PK, Maltby J, Adamovic M, Agada AMD, Ahmed O, Al-Shawaf L, Appiah SCY, Ardi R, Babakr ZH, Bălţătescu S, Bonato M, Cowden RG, Chobthamkit P, De Pretto L, Gouveia VV, Haretche C, Iliško D, Aruta JJB, Jia F, Jovanović V, Jukić T, Kamble SV, Khachatryan N, Klicperova-Baker M, Koralov M, Kovacs M, Kretchner M, Fernandez AL, Liik K, Malik NI, Malysheva K, Moon C, Muehlbacher S, Nartova-Bochaver S, Torres-Marín J, Özsoy E, Park J, Piccinelli E, Ramos-Diaz J, Riđić O, Samekin A, Starc A, Kiêu TTT, Tomsik R, Umeh CS, Wills-Herrera E, Wlodarczyk A, Vally Z, and Zand S

Subjects
Fear, Humans, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
Abstract

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been a source of fear around the world. We asked whether the measurement of this fear is trustworthy and comparable across countries. In particular, we explored the measurement invariance and cross-cultural replicability of the widely used Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S), testing community samples from 48 countries (N = 14,558). The findings indicate that the FCV-19S has a somewhat problematic structure, yet the one-factor solution is replicable across cultural contexts and could be used in studies that compare people who vary on gender and educational level. The validity of the scale is supported by a consistent pattern of positive correlations with perceived stress and general anxiety. However, given the unclear structure of the FCV-19S, we recommend using latent factor scores, instead of raw scores, especially in cross-cultural comparisons. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

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