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1. Translating biomonitoring data into risk management and policy implementation options for a European Network on Human Biomonitoring

Author

Schoeters G, Koppen G, and Smolders R

Subjects
Industrial medicine. Industrial hygiene, RC963-969, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background The "European Environment & Health Action Plan 2004–2010" originates from the concern of the European Commission on the well-being of individuals and the general population. Through this plan, the Commission has set the objectives to improve the information chain for a better understanding of the link between sources of pollution and health effects, to better identify existing knowledge gaps, and improve policy making and communication strategies. Human biomonitoring (HBM) has been included as one of the tools to achieve these objectives. As HBM directly measures the amount of a chemical substance in a person's body, taking into account often poorly understood processes such as bioaccumulation, excretion, metabolism and the integrative uptake variability through different exposure pathways, HBM data are much more relevant for risk assessment than extrapolations from chemical concentrations in soil, air, and water alone. However, HBM primarily is a stepping stone between environmental and health data, and the final aim should be an integrated and holistic systematic risk assessment paradigm where HBM serves as a pivotal point between environment and health, on the one hand leaning on environmental data to provide detailed information on the sources and pathways of pollutants that enter the human body, and on the other hand clarifying new and existing hypotheses on the relationship between environmental pollutants and the prevalence of diseases. With the large amount of data that is being gathered in the different national survey projects, and which is expected to become available in Europe in the near future through the expected European Pilot Project on HBM, a framework to optimize data interpretation from such survey projects may greatly enhance the usefulness of HBM data for risk managers and policy makers. Results This paper outlines an hierarchic approach, based on the stepwise formulation of 4 subsequent steps, that will eventually lead to the formulation of a variety of policy relevant risk reduction options. Conclusion Although the usefulness of this approach still needs to be tested, and potential fine-tuning of the procedure may be necessary, approaching the policy implications of HBM in an objective framework will prove to be essential.

Published
2008

3. Early-life respiratory tract infections and the risk of school-age lower lung function and asthma: a meta-analysis of 150 000 European children

Author

van Meel, E.R., Mensink-Bout, S.M., den Dekker, H.T., Ahluwalia, T.S., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arshad, S.H., Baïz, N., Barros, H., von Berg, A., Bisgaard, H., Bønnelykke, K., Carlsson, C.J., Casas, M., Chatzi, L., Chevrier, C., Dalmeijer, G., Dezateux, C., Duchen, K., Eggesbø, M., van der Ent, C., Fantini, M., Flexeder, C., Frey, U., Forastiere, F., Gehring, U., Gori, D., Granell, R., Griffiths, L.J., Inskip, H., Jerzynska, J., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kelleher, C., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Kuehni, C.E., Lambrechts, N., Lau, S., Lehmann, Irina, Ludvigsson, J., Magnus, M.C., Mélen, E., Mehegan, J., Mommers, M., Nybo Andersen, A.-M., Nystad, W., Pedersen, E.S.L., Pekkanen, J., Peltola, V., Pike, K.C., Pinot de Moira, A., Pizzi, C., Polanska, K., Popovic, M., Porta, D., Roberts, G., Santos, A.C., Schultz, E.S., Standl, M., Sunyer, J., Thijs, C., Toivonen, L., Uphoff, E., Usemann, J., Vafeidi, M., Wright, J., de Jongste, J.C., Jaddoe, V.W.V., Duijts, L., van Meel, E.R., Mensink-Bout, S.M., den Dekker, H.T., Ahluwalia, T.S., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arshad, S.H., Baïz, N., Barros, H., von Berg, A., Bisgaard, H., Bønnelykke, K., Carlsson, C.J., Casas, M., Chatzi, L., Chevrier, C., Dalmeijer, G., Dezateux, C., Duchen, K., Eggesbø, M., van der Ent, C., Fantini, M., Flexeder, C., Frey, U., Forastiere, F., Gehring, U., Gori, D., Granell, R., Griffiths, L.J., Inskip, H., Jerzynska, J., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kelleher, C., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Kuehni, C.E., Lambrechts, N., Lau, S., Lehmann, Irina, Ludvigsson, J., Magnus, M.C., Mélen, E., Mehegan, J., Mommers, M., Nybo Andersen, A.-M., Nystad, W., Pedersen, E.S.L., Pekkanen, J., Peltola, V., Pike, K.C., Pinot de Moira, A., Pizzi, C., Polanska, K., Popovic, M., Porta, D., Roberts, G., Santos, A.C., Schultz, E.S., Standl, M., Sunyer, J., Thijs, C., Toivonen, L., Uphoff, E., Usemann, J., Vafeidi, M., Wright, J., de Jongste, J.C., Jaddoe, V.W.V., and Duijts, L.

Abstract

Background Early-life respiratory tract infections might affect chronic obstructive respiratory diseases, but conclusive studies from general populations are lacking. Our objective was to examine if children with early-life respiratory tract infections had increased risks of lower lung function and asthma at school age.Methods We used individual participant data of 150 090 children primarily from the EU Child Cohort Network to examine the associations of upper and lower respiratory tract infections from age 6 months to 5 years with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC (FEF75%) and asthma at a median (range) age of 7 (4–15) years.Results Children with early-life lower, not upper, respiratory tract infections had a lower school-age FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF75% (z-score range: −0.09 (95% CI −0.14– −0.04) to −0.30 (95% CI −0.36– −0.24)). Children with early-life lower respiratory tract infections had a higher increased risk of school-age asthma than those with upper respiratory tract infections (OR range: 2.10 (95% CI 1.98–2.22) to 6.30 (95% CI 5.64–7.04) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.18–1.32) to 1.55 (95% CI 1.47–1.65), respectively). Adjustment for preceding respiratory tract infections slightly decreased the strength of the effects. Observed associations were similar for those with and without early-life wheezing as a proxy for early-life asthma.Conclusions Our findings suggest that early-life respiratory tract infections affect development of chronic obstructive respiratory diseases in later life, with the strongest effects for lower respiratory tract infections.

Published
2022

4. Quantification of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in small amounts of human serum using the sensitive H1L7.5c1 mouse hepatoma cell line: Optimization and analysis of human serum samples from adolescents of the Flemish Environment and Health Study (FLEHS II)

Author

Croes, K., Van Langenhove, K., Hond, E. Den, Bruckers, L., Colles, A., Koppen, G., Loots, I., Nelen, V., Schoeters, G., Nawrot, T., Van Larebeke, N., Denison, M.S., Vandermarken, T., Elskens, M., and Baeyens, W.

Published
2011
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5. Gender differences in cadmium and cotinine levels in prepubertal children

Author

Fucic, A., Plavec, D, Casteleyn, L., Aerts, D., Biot, P., Katsonouri, A., Cerna, M., Knudsen, L. E., Castano, A., Rudnai, P., Gutleb, A., Ligocka, D., Lupsa, I- R., Berglund, M., Horvat, M., Halzlova, K., Schoeters, G., Koppen, G., Hadjipanayis, A., Krskova, A., Középesy, S., Arendt, M., Fischer, M. E., Janasik, B., Gurzau, A. E., Gurzau, E. S., Grandér, M., Larsson, K., Jajcaj, M., Kolossa-Gehring, M., Sepai, O., Exley, K., Bartolome, M., Cutanda, F., Mazej, D., Nielsen, J. K.S., Snoj-Tratnik, J., Schwedler, G., Fiddicke, U., Seiwert, M., Govarts, E., Den Hond, E., Koch, H. M., Lopez, A., Joas, A., and Joas, R.

Published
2015
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6. Interpreting biomarker data from the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES twin projects: Using external exposure data to understand biomarker differences among countries

Author

Smolders, R., Den Hond, E., Koppen, G., Govarts, E., Willems, H., Casteleyn, L., Kolossa-Gehring, M., Fiddicke, U., Castaño, A., Koch, H. M., Angerer, J., Esteban, M., Sepai, O., Exley, K., Bloemen, L., Horvat, M., Knudsen, L. E., Joas, A., Joas, R., Biot, P., Aerts, D., Katsonouri, A., Hadjipanayis, A., Cerna, M., Krskova, A., Schwedler, G., Seiwert, M., Nielsen, J. K.S., Rudnai, P., Közepesy, S., Evans, D. S., Ryan, M. P., Gutleb, A. C., Fischer, M. E., Ligocka, D., Jakubowski, M., Reis, M. F., Namorado, S., Lupsa, - R.I., Gurzau, A. E., Halzlova, K., Fabianova, E., Mazej, D., Tratnik Snoj, J., Gomez, S., González, S., Berglund, M., Larsson, K., Lehmann, A., Crettaz, P., and Schoeters, G.

Published
2015
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7. A pilot study on the feasibility of European harmonized human biomonitoring: Strategies towards a common approach, challenges and opportunities

Author

Casteleyn, L., Dumez, B., Becker, K., Kolossa-Gehring, M., Den Hond, E., Schoeters, G., Castaño, A., Koch, H. M., Angerer, J., Esteban, M., Exley, K., Sepai, O., Bloemen, L., Horvat, M., Knudsen, L. E., Joas, A., Joas, R., Biot, P., Koppen, G., Dewolf, M- C., Katsonouri, A., Hadjipanayis, A., Cerná, M., Krsková, A., Schwedler, G., Fiddicke, U., Nielsen, J. K.S., Jensen, J. F., Rudnai, P., Közepésy, S., Mulcahy, M., Mannion, R., Gutleb, A. C., Fischer, M. E., Ligocka, D., Jakubowski, M., Reis, M. F., Namorado, S., Lupsa, I- R., Gurzau, A. E., Halzlova, K., Jajcaj, M., Mazej, D., Tratnik Snoj, J., Posada, M., López, E., Berglund, M., Larsson, K., Lehmann, A., Crettaz, P., and Aerts, D.

Published
2015
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9. Pooled analysis of genotoxicity markers in relation to exposure in the Flemish Environment and Health Studies (FLEHS) between 1999 and 2018

Author

Koppen, G., primary, Franken, C., additional, Den Hond, E., additional, Plusquin, M., additional, Reimann, B., additional, Leermakers, M., additional, Covaci, A., additional, Nawrot, T., additional, Van Larebeke, N., additional, Schoeters, G., additional, Bruckers, L., additional, and Govarts, E., additional

Published
2020
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12. Diagnostic characterization of respiratory allergies by means of a multiplex immunoassay.

Author

Millen, J. L. M., Willems, I., Slingers, G., Raes, M., Koppen, G., and Langie, S. A. S.

Subjects
RESPIRATORY allergy, IMMUNOASSAY, HOUSE dust mites, BIOLOGICAL assay, BLOOD collection
Abstract

Summary: Allergic sensitization is commonly assessed in patients by performing the skin prick test (SPT) or determining specific immunoglobulin (IgE) levels in blood samples with the ImmunoCAP™ assay, which measures each allergen and sample separately. This paper explores the possibility to investigate respiratory allergies with a high throughput method, the Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) multiplex immunoassay, measuring IgE levels in low volumes of blood. The MSD multiplex immunoassay, developed and optimized with standards and allergens from Radim Diagnostics, was validated against the SPT and the ImmunoCAP assay. For 18 adults (15 respiratory allergy patients and three controls), blood collection and the SPT were performed within the same hour. Pearson correlations and Bland–Altman analysis showed high comparability of the MSD multiplex immunoassay with the SPT and the ImmunoCAP assay, except for house dust mite. The sensitivity of the MSD multiplexed assay was ≥78% for most allergens compared to the SPT and ImmunoCAP assay. Additionally, the specificity of the MSD multiplex immunoassay was ≥ 87% – the majority showing 100% specificity. Only the rye allergen had a low specificity when compared to the SPT, probably due to cross‐reactivity. The reproducibility of the MSD multiplex immunoassay, assessed as intra‐ and interassay reproducibility and biological variability between different sampling moments, showed significantly high correlations (r = 0·943–1) for all tested subjects (apart from subject 13; r = 0·65–0·99). The MSD multiplex immunoassay is a reliable method to detect specific IgE levels against respiratory allergens in a multiplexed and high‐throughput manner, using blood samples as small as from a finger prick. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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13. Real-time selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry to assess short- and long-term variability in oral and nasal breath.

Author

Slingers, G, Goossens, R, Janssens, H, Spruyt, M, Goelen, E, Vanden, Eede M, Raes, M, and Koppen, G

Subjects
MASS spectrometry, DIMETHYL sulfide, BENZENE compounds, ACETONE, ACETALDEHYDE, TUBES
Abstract

Breath-based non-invasive diagnostics have the potential to provide valuable information about a person's health status. However, they are not yet widely used in clinical practice due to multiple factors causing variability and the lack of standardized procedures. This study focuses on the comparison of oral and nasal breathing, and on the variability of volatile metabolites over the short and long term. Selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) was used for online analysis of selected volatile metabolites in oral and nasal breath of 10 healthy individuals five times in one day (short-term) and six times spread over three weeks (long-term), resulting in nearly 100 breath samplings. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to assess short- and long-term biological variability. Additionally, the composition of ambient air was analyzed at different samplings. The selected volatiles common in exhaled breath were propanol, 2,3-butanedione, acetaldehyde, acetone, ammonia, dimethyl sulfide, isoprene, pentane, and propanal. Additionally, environmental compounds benzene and styrene were analyzed as well. Volatile metabolite concentrations in ambient air were not correlated with those in exhaled breath and were significantly lower than in breath samples. All volatiles showed significant correlation between oral and nasal breath. Five were significantly higher in oral breath compared to nasal breath, while for acetone, propanal, dimethyl sulfide, and ammonia, concentrations were similar in both matrices. Variability depended on the volatile metabolite. Most physiologically relevant volatiles (acetone, isoprene, propanol, acetaldehyde) showed good to very good biological reproducibility (ICC > 0.61) mainly in oral breath and over a short-term period of one day. Both breathing routes showed relatively similar patterns; however, bigger differences were expected. Therefore, since sampling from the mouth is practically more easy, the latter might be preferred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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16. Pooling birth cohorts in allergy and asthma: European union-funded initiatives-a MeDALL, CHICOS, ENRIECO, and GALEN joint paper: CHICOS study group ENRIECO study group GA2LEN study group

Author

Bousquet, Jean, Anto, Josep, Sunyer, Jordi, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Vrijheid, Martine, Keil, Thomas, Akdis, M., Auffray, C., Postma, D. S., Valenta, R., Haahtela, T., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Lambrecht, B. N., Akdis, C. A., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arno, A., Bachert, C., Ballester, F., Basagana, X., Baumgartner, U., Bindslev-Jensen, C., Brunekreef, B., Chatzi, L., Eller, E., Forastiere, F., Garcia-Aymerich, J., Guerra, S., Gehring, U., Hammad, H., Heinrich, J., Hohmann, C., Kauffmann, F., Kerkhof, M., Kogevinas, M., Koppelman, G. H., Kowalski, M. L., Kull, I., Lau, S., Lodrup-Carlsen, K. C., Lupinek, C., Maier, D., Makela, M. J., Martinez, F. D., Momas, I., Nawijn, M. C., Neubauer, A., Oddie, S., Palkonen, S., Reitamo, S., Rial-Sebbag, E., Salapatas, M., Siroux, V., Smagghe, D., Smit, H. A., Torrent, M., Toskala, E., van Oosterhout, A. J. M., Varaso, R., von Hertzen, L., Wickman, M., Wijmenga, C., Zuberbier, T., Burney, P. G., Van Cauwenberge, P., Bonini, S., Fokkens, W. J., Kramer, U., Mullol, J., Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, E., Papadopoulos, N., Alm, B., Alm, J., Arshad, S. H., Bravi, F., Canonica, G. W., Custovic, A., Dubakiene, R., Fantini, M. P., Gjomarkaj, M., Halken, S., Host, A., Howarth, P., Kuehni, C., Lotvall, J., Mommers, M., Porta, D., Radon, K., Ring, J., Roberts, G., Schünemann, H. J., Simpson, A., Szczecklik, A., Thijs, C., Todo-Bom, A., Valovirta, E., van Steen, K., Von Berg, A., von Mutius, E., Wahn, U., Wennergren, G., Wijga, A. H., Zock, J. P., Duijts, L., Jaddoe, V., Lawlor, D., Lucas, P., Magnus, P., Merletti, F., Nybo Andersen, A. M., Raat, H., Stoltenberg, C., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Chen, C. -M., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Fernández, M. F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Grazuleviciene, R., Karvonen, A. M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C. E., Majewska, R., Patelarou, E., Skaalum Petersen, M., Pierik, F. H., Polanska, K., Richiardi, L., Santos, A. C., Slama, R., Sram, R. J., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vardavas, C., Vrijkotte, T. G. M., Wilhelm, M., Bousquet, Jean, Anto, Josep, Sunyer, Jordi, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Vrijheid, Martine, Keil, Thoma, Akdis, M., Auffray, C., Postma, D.S., Valenta, R., Haahtela, T., Cambon-Thomsen, A., Lambrecht, B.N., Akdis, C.A., Annesi-Maesano, I., Arno, A., Bachert, C., Ballester, F., Basagana, X., Baumgartner, U., Bindslev-Jensen, C., Brunekreef, B., Chatzi, L., Eller, E., Forastiere, F., Garcia-Aymerich, J., Guerra, S., Gehring, U., Hammad, H., Heinrich, J., Hohmann, C., Kauffmann, F., Kerkhof, M., Kogevinas, M., Koppelman, G.H., Kowalski, M.L., Kull, I., Lau, S., Lodrup-Carlsen, K.C., Lupinek, C., Maier, D., Makela, M.J., Martinez, F.D., Momas, I., Nawijn, M.C., Neubauer, A., Oddie, S., Palkonen, S., Reitamo, S., Rial-Sebbag, E., Salapatas, M., Siroux, V., Smagghe, D., Smit, H.A., Torrent, M., Toskala, E., van Oosterhout, A.J.M., Varaso, R., von Hertzen, L., Wickman, M., Wijmenga, C., Zuberbier, T., Burney, P.G., Van Cauwenberge, P., Bonini, S., Fokkens, W.J., Kramer, U., Mullol, J., Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, E., Papadopoulos, N., Alm, B., Alm, J., Arshad, S.H., Bravi, F., Canonica, G.W., Custovic, A., Dubakiene, R., Fantini, M.P., Gjomarkaj, M., Halken, S., Host, A., Howarth, P., Kuehni, C., Lotvall, J., Mommers, M., Porta, D., Radon, K., Ring, J., Roberts, G., Schünemann, H.J., Simpson, A., Szczecklik, A., Thijs, C., Todo-Bom, A., Valovirta, E., van Steen, K., Von Berg, A., von Mutius, E., Wahn, U., Wennergren, G., Wijga, A.H., Zock, J.P., Duijts, L., Jaddoe, V., Lawlor, D., Lucas, P., Magnus, P., Merletti, F., Nybo Andersen, A.M., Raat, H., Stoltenberg, C., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Chen, C.-M., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Fernández, M.F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Grazuleviciene, R., Karvonen, A.M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C.E., Majewska, R., Patelarou, E., Skaalum Petersen, M., Pierik, F.H., Polanska, K., Richiardi, L., Santos, A.C., Slama, R., Sram, R.J., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vardavas, C., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., and Wilhelm, M.

Subjects
Allergy, Risk Factor, Immunology, CHICOS, Longitudinal Studie, Environmental Exposure, Asthma, Europe, MeDALL, ENRIECO, Hypersensitivity, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Immunology and Allergy, European Union, Cohort Studie, Birth cohort, Human
Abstract

Long-term birth cohort studies are essential to understanding the life course and childhood predictors of allergy and the complex interplay between genes and the environment (including lifestyle and socioeconomic determinants). Over 100 cohorts focusing on asthma and allergy have been initiated in the world over the past 30 years. Since 2004, several research initiatives funded under the EU Framework Program for Research and Technological Development FP6-FP7 have attempted to identify, compare, and evaluate pooling data from existing European birth cohorts (GA2LEN: Global Allergy and European Network, FP6; ENRIECO: Environmental Health Risks in European Birth Cohorts, FP7; CHICOS: Developing a Child Cohort Research Strategy for Europe, FP7; MeDALL: Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy, FP7). However, there is a general lack of knowledge about these initiatives and their potentials. The aim of this paper is to review current and past EU-funded projects in order to make a summary of their goals and achievements and to suggest future research needs of these European birth cohort networks. © 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Published
2013

18. Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: The challenge ahead

Author

Goodson, W.H., III Lowe, L. Carpenter, D.O. Gilbertson, M. Ali, A.M. de Cerain Salsamendi, A.L. Lasfar, A. Carnero, A. Azqueta, A. Amedei, A. Charles, A.K. Collins, A.R. Ward, A. Salzberg, A.C. Colacci, A. Olsen, A.-K. Berg, A. Barclay, B.J. Zhou, B.P. Blanco-Aparicio, C. Baglole, C.J. Dong, C. Mondello, C. Hsu, C.-W. Naus, C.C. Yedjou, C. Curran, C.S. Laird, D.W. Koch, D.C. Carlin, D.J. Felsher, D.W. Roy, D. Brown, D.G. Ratovitski, E. Ryan, E.P. Corsini, E. Rojas, E. Moon, E.-Y. Laconi, E. Marongiu, F. Al-Mulla, F. Chiaradonna, F. Darroudi, F. Martin, F.L. Van Schooten, F.J. Goldberg, G.S. Wagemaker, G. Nangami, G. Calaf, G.M. Williams, G. Wolf, G.T. Koppen, G. Brunborg, G. Kim Lyerly, H. Krishnan, H. Hamid, H.A. Yasaei, H. Sone, H. Kondoh, H. Salem, H.K. Hsu, H.-Y. Park, H.H. Koturbash, I. Miousse, I.R. Ivana Scovassi, A. Klaunig, J.E. Vondráček, J. Raju, J. Roman, J. Wise, J.P., Sr. Whitfield, J.R. Woodrick, J. Christopher, J.A. Ochieng, J. Martinez-Leal, J.F. Weisz, J. Kravchenko, J. Sun, J. Prudhomme, K.R. Narayanan, K.B. Cohen-Solal, K.A. Moorwood, K. Gonzalez, L. Soucek, L. Jian, L. D'Abronzo, L.S. Lin, L.-T. Li, L. Gulliver, L. McCawley, L.J. Memeo, L. Vermeulen, L. Leyns, L. Zhang, L. Valverde, M. Khatami, M. Romano, M.F. Chapellier, M. Williams, M.A. Wade, M. Manjili, M.H. Lleonart, M. Xia, M. Gonzalez, M.J. Karamouzis, M.V. Kirsch-Volders, M. Vaccari, M. Kuemmerle, N.B. Singh, N. Cruickshanks, N. Kleinstreuer, N. Van Larebeke, N. Ahmed, N. Ogunkua, O. Krishnakumar, P.K. Vadgama, P. Marignani, P.A. Ghosh, P.M. Ostrosky-Wegman, P. Thompson, P. Dent, P. Heneberg, P. Darbre, P. Leung, P.S. Nangia-Makker, P. Cheng, Q.S. Brooks Robey, R. Al-Temaimi, R. Roy, R. Andrade-Vieira, R. Sinha, R.K. Mehta, R. Vento, R. Di Fiore, R. Ponce-Cusi, R. Dornetshuber-Fleiss, R. Nahta, R. Castellino, R.C. Palorini, R. Hamid, R.A. Langie, S.A.S. Eltom, S. Brooks, S.A. Ryeom, S. Wise, S.S. Bay, S.N. Harris, S.A. Papagerakis, S. Romano, S. Pavanello, S. Eriksson, S. Forte, S. Casey, S.C. Luanpitpong, S. Lee, T.-J. Otsuki, T. Chen, T. Massfelder, T. Sanderson, T. Guarnieri, T. Hultman, T. Dormoy, V. Odero-Marah, V. Sabbisetti, V. Maguer-Satta, V. Kimryn Rathmell, W. Engström, W. Decker, W.K. Bisson, W.H. Rojanasakul, Y. Luqmani, Y. Chen, Z. Hu, Z.

Abstract

Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that low-dose exposures to mixtures of chemicals in the environment may be combining to contribute to environmental carcinogenesis, we reviewed 11 hallmark phenotypes of cancer, multiple priority target sites for disruption in each area and prototypical chemical disruptors for all targets, this included dose-response characterizations, evidence of low-dose effects and cross-hallmark effects for all targets and chemicals. In total, 85 examples of chemicals were reviewed for actions on key pathways/ mechanisms related to carcinogenesis. Only 15% (13/85) were found to have evidence of a dose-response threshold, whereas 59% (50/85) exerted low-dose effects. No dose-response information was found for the remaining 26% (22/85). Our analysis suggests that the cumulative effects of individual (non-carcinogenic) chemicals acting on different pathways, and a variety of related systems, organs, tissues and cells could plausibly conspire to produce carcinogenic synergies. Additional basic research on carcinogenesis and research focused on low-dose effects of chemical mixtures needs to be rigorously pursued before the merits of this hypothesis can be further advanced. However, the structure of the World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety 'Mode of Action' framework should be revisited as it has inherent weaknesses that are not fully aligned with our current understanding of cancer biology. © The Author 2015.

Published
2015

20. European birth cohorts for environmental health research

Author

Vrijheid, M., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Eller, E., Fantini, M.P., Fernández, M.F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Gehring, U., Grazuleviciene, R., Hohmann, C., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C.E., Magnus, P., Majewska, R., Andersen, A., Patelarou, E., Petersen, M., Pierik, F.H., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Santos, A, Slama, R., Sram, R.J., Thijs, C., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., Wilhelm, M., Wright, J., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Vrijheid M., Casas M., Bergström A., Carmichael A., Cordier S., Eggesbø M., Eller E., Fantini M.P., Fernández M.F., Fernández-Somoano A., Gehring U., Grazuleviciene R., Hohmann C., Karvonen A.M., Keil T., Kogevinas M., Koppen G., Krämer U., Kuehni C., Magnus P., Majewska R., Andersen A.M., Patelarou E., Petersen M.S., Pierik F.H., Polanska K., Porta D., Richiardi L., Santos A.C., Slama R., Sram R.J., Thijs C., Tischer C., Toft G., Trnovec T., Vandentorren S., Vrijkotte T.G., Wilhelm M., Wright J., Nieuwenhuijsen M., Le Corre, Morgane, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Generalitat de Catalunya, Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF)-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]-Sachs' Children's Hospital, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol [Bristol], Groupe d'Etude de la Reproduction Chez l'Homme et les Mammiferes (GERHM), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Department of Public Health, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Risk Assessment Sciences Institute, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics-Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Department of Environmental Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare [Helsinki], Environmental Risk and Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), IUF, Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine (IUF), Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), Section of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health [Copenhagen], Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC)-Medical School, Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroese Hospital System (Landssjúkrahúsið) (LS), Department of Urban Environment, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service - Lazio, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Université de Turin-CPO-Piemonte, Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Epidémiologie pronostique des cancers et affections graves, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute of Experimental Medicine AS CR, Maastricht University [Maastricht]-School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Institute of Epidemiology [Neuherberg] (EPI), German Research Center for Environmental Health - Helmholtz Center München (GmbH), Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Slovak Medical University of Bratislava (SMU), Institut de Veille Sanitaire (INVS), Academic Medical Centre, Hygiene, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), Bradford Institute for Health Research, Environmental Health Risks in European Birth Cohorts (ENRIECO), the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (Theme 6, Environment, including climate change), grant agreement 226285., Epidemiologie, RS: CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin]-Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Universidade do Porto-University of Porto Medical School and Institute of Public Health, and Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (BIHR)

Subjects
Passive smoking, Databases, Factual, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Review, 010501 environmental sciences, Medi ambient -- Anàlisi d'impacte, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, birth cohorts, child health, environmental exposures, Europe, review, Cohort Studies, MESH: Pregnancy, 0302 clinical medicine, Salut ambiental, Pregnancy, MESH: Child, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Maternal Exposure, Child, MESH: Cohort Studies, Child health, Birth cohorts, MESH: Infant, Newborn, Environmental exposure, MESH: Infant, 3. Good health, MESH: Internet, Maternal Exposure, UES - Urban Environment & Safety, Child, Preschool, Female, EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, Environmental Health, Cohort study, Earth & Environment, MESH: Environmental Exposure, Energy / Geological Survey Netherlands, MEDLINE, 610 Medicine & health, Environment, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, Infants -- Salut i higiene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Asthma, Internet, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Child, Preschool, Environmental exposures, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, MESH: Databases, Factual, Obesity, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Causal inference, MESH: Environmental Health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Europe, business, MESH: Female
Abstract

This work was supported by Environmental Health Risks in European Birth Cohorts (ENRIECO), a project conducted within the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (Theme 6, Environment, including climate change), grant agreement 226285., Vrijheid, M., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Eller, E., Fantini, M.P., Fernández, M.F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Gehring, U., Grazuleviciene, R., Hohmann, C., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C.E., Magnus, P., Majewska, R., Andersen, A.-M.N., Patelarou, E., Petersen, M.S., Pierik, F.H., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Santos, A.C., Slama, R., Sram, R.J., Thijs, C., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., Wilhelm, M., Wright, J., Nieuwenhuijsen, M.

Published
2012

21. Time Patterns in Internal Human Exposure Data to Bisphenols, Phthalates, DINCH, Organophosphate Flame Retardants, Cadmium and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Europe

Author

Laura Rodriguez Martin, Liese Gilles, Emilie Helte, Agneta Åkesson, Jonas Tägt, Adrian Covaci, Amrit K. Sakhi, An Van Nieuwenhuyse, Andromachi Katsonouri, Anna-Maria Andersson, Arno C. Gutleb, Beata Janasik, Brice Appenzeller, Catherine Gabriel, Cathrine Thomsen, Darja Mazej, Denis Sarigiannis, Elena Anastasi, Fabio Barbone, Hanna Tolonen, Hanne Frederiksen, Jana Klanova, Jani Koponen, Janja Snoj Tratnik, Kim Pack, Koppen Gudrun, Kristin Ólafsdóttir, Lisbeth E. Knudsen, Loïc Rambaud, Loreta Strumylaite, Lubica Palkovicova Murinova, Lucia Fabelova, Margaux Riou, Marika Berglund, Maté Szabados, Medea Imboden, Michelle Laeremans, Milada Eštóková, Natasa Janev Holcer, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Nicole Vodrazkova, Nina Vogel, Pavel Piler, Phillipp Schmidt, Rosa Lange, Sónia Namorado, Szilvia Kozepesy, Tamás Szigeti, Thorhallur I. Halldorsson, Till Weber, Tina Kold Jensen, Valentina Rosolen, Vladimira Puklova, Wojciech Wasowicz, Ovnair Sepai, Lorraine Stewart, Marike Kolossa-Gehring, Marta Esteban-López, Argelia Castaño, Jos Bessems, Greet Schoeters, and Eva Govarts

Subjects
human biomonitoring, hazardous chemical, phthalates, DINCH, OPFRs, cadmium, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract

Human biomonitoring (HBM) data in Europe are often fragmented and collected in different EU countries and sampling periods. Exposure levels for children and adult women in Europe were evaluated over time. For the period 2000–2010, literature and aggregated data were collected in a harmonized way across studies. Between 2011–2012, biobanked samples from the DEMOCOPHES project were used. For 2014–2021, HBM data were generated within the HBM4EU Aligned Studies. Time patterns on internal exposure were evaluated visually and statistically using the 50th and 90th percentiles (P50/P90) for phthalates/DINCH and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in children (5–12 years), and cadmium, bisphenols and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in women (24–52 years). Restricted phthalate metabolites show decreasing patterns for children. Phthalate substitute, DINCH, shows a non-significant increasing pattern. For OPFRs, no trends were statistically significant. For women, BPA shows a clear decreasing pattern, while substitutes BPF and BPS show an increasing pattern coinciding with the BPA restrictions introduced. No clear patterns are observed for PAHs or cadmium. Although the causal relations were not studied as such, exposure levels to chemicals restricted at EU level visually decreased, while the levels for some of their substitutes increased. The results support policy efficacy monitoring and the policy-supportive role played by HBM.

Published
2023
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22. Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: the challenge ahead

Author

Goodson, WH, Lowe, L, Carpenter, DO, Gilbertson, M, Ali, AM, de Cerain Salsamendi, AL, Lasfar, A, Carnero, A, Azqueta, A, Amedei, A, Charles, AK, Collins, AR, Ward, A, Salzberg, AC, Colacci, A, Olsen, A-K, Berg, A, Barclay, BJ, Zhou, BP, Blanco-Aparicio, C, Baglole, CJ, Dong, C, Mondello, C, Hsu, C-W, Naus, CC, Yedjou, C, Curran, CS, Laird, DW, Koch, DC, Carlin, DJ, Felsher, DW, Roy, D, Brown, DG, Ratovitski, E, Ryan, EP, Corsini, E, Rojas, E, Moon, E-Y, Laconi, E, Marongiu, F, Al-Mulla, F, Chiaradonna, F, Darroudi, F, Martin, FL, Van Schooten, FJ, Goldberg, GS, Wagemaker, G, Nangami, G, Calaf, GM, Williams, G, Wolf, GT, Koppen, G, Brunborg, G, Lyerly, HK, Krishnan, H, Ab Hamid, H, Yasaei, H, Sone, H, Kondoh, H, Salem, HK, Hsu, H-Y, Park, HH, Koturbash, I, Miousse, IR, Scovassi, AI, Klaunig, JE, Vondracek, J, Raju, J, Roman, J, Wise, JP, Whitfield, JR, Woodrick, J, Christopher, JA, Ochieng, J, Fernando Martinez-Leal, J, Weisz, J, Kravchenko, J, Sun, J, Prudhomme, KR, Narayanan, KB, Cohen-Solal, KA, Moorwood, K, Gonzalez, L, Soucek, L, Jian, L, D'Abronzo, LS, Lin, L-T, Li, L, Gulliver, L, McCawley, LJ, Memeo, L, Vermeulen, L, Leyns, L, Zhang, L, Valverde, M, Khatami, M, Romano, MF, Chapellier, M, Williams, MA, Wade, M, Manjili, MH, Lleonart, M, Xia, M, Gonzalez, MJ, Karamouzis, MV, Kirsch-Volders, M, Vaccari, M, Kuemmerle, NB, Singh, N, Cruickshanks, N, Kleinstreuer, N, van Larebeke, N, Ahmed, N, Ogunkua, O, Krishnakumar, PK, Vadgama, P, Marignani, PA, Ghosh, PM, Ostrosky-Wegman, P, Thompson, P, Dent, P, Heneberg, P, Darbre, P, Leung, PS, Nangia-Makker, P, Cheng, QS, Robey, RB, Al-Temaimi, R, Roy, R, Andrade-Vieira, R, Sinha, RK, Mehta, R, Vento, R, Di Fiore, R, Ponce-Cusi, R, Dornetshuber-Fleiss, R, Nahta, R, Castellino, RC, Palorini, R, Abd Hamid, R, Langie, SAS, Eltom, S, Brooks, SA, Ryeom, S, Wise, SS, Bay, SN, Harris, SA, Papagerakis, S, Romano, S, Pavanello, S, Eriksson, S, Forte, S, Casey, SC, Luanpitpong, S, Lee, T-J, Otsuki, T, Chen, T, Massfelder, T, Sanderson, T, Guarnieri, T, Hultman, T, Dormoy, V, Odero-Marah, V, Sabbisetti, V, Maguer-Satta, V, Rathmell, WK, Engstrom, W, Decker, WK, Bisson, WH, Rojanasakul, Y, Luqmani, Y, Chen, Z, Hu, Z, Goodson, WH, Lowe, L, Carpenter, DO, Gilbertson, M, Ali, AM, de Cerain Salsamendi, AL, Lasfar, A, Carnero, A, Azqueta, A, Amedei, A, Charles, AK, Collins, AR, Ward, A, Salzberg, AC, Colacci, A, Olsen, A-K, Berg, A, Barclay, BJ, Zhou, BP, Blanco-Aparicio, C, Baglole, CJ, Dong, C, Mondello, C, Hsu, C-W, Naus, CC, Yedjou, C, Curran, CS, Laird, DW, Koch, DC, Carlin, DJ, Felsher, DW, Roy, D, Brown, DG, Ratovitski, E, Ryan, EP, Corsini, E, Rojas, E, Moon, E-Y, Laconi, E, Marongiu, F, Al-Mulla, F, Chiaradonna, F, Darroudi, F, Martin, FL, Van Schooten, FJ, Goldberg, GS, Wagemaker, G, Nangami, G, Calaf, GM, Williams, G, Wolf, GT, Koppen, G, Brunborg, G, Lyerly, HK, Krishnan, H, Ab Hamid, H, Yasaei, H, Sone, H, Kondoh, H, Salem, HK, Hsu, H-Y, Park, HH, Koturbash, I, Miousse, IR, Scovassi, AI, Klaunig, JE, Vondracek, J, Raju, J, Roman, J, Wise, JP, Whitfield, JR, Woodrick, J, Christopher, JA, Ochieng, J, Fernando Martinez-Leal, J, Weisz, J, Kravchenko, J, Sun, J, Prudhomme, KR, Narayanan, KB, Cohen-Solal, KA, Moorwood, K, Gonzalez, L, Soucek, L, Jian, L, D'Abronzo, LS, Lin, L-T, Li, L, Gulliver, L, McCawley, LJ, Memeo, L, Vermeulen, L, Leyns, L, Zhang, L, Valverde, M, Khatami, M, Romano, MF, Chapellier, M, Williams, MA, Wade, M, Manjili, MH, Lleonart, M, Xia, M, Gonzalez, MJ, Karamouzis, MV, Kirsch-Volders, M, Vaccari, M, Kuemmerle, NB, Singh, N, Cruickshanks, N, Kleinstreuer, N, van Larebeke, N, Ahmed, N, Ogunkua, O, Krishnakumar, PK, Vadgama, P, Marignani, PA, Ghosh, PM, Ostrosky-Wegman, P, Thompson, P, Dent, P, Heneberg, P, Darbre, P, Leung, PS, Nangia-Makker, P, Cheng, QS, Robey, RB, Al-Temaimi, R, Roy, R, Andrade-Vieira, R, Sinha, RK, Mehta, R, Vento, R, Di Fiore, R, Ponce-Cusi, R, Dornetshuber-Fleiss, R, Nahta, R, Castellino, RC, Palorini, R, Abd Hamid, R, Langie, SAS, Eltom, S, Brooks, SA, Ryeom, S, Wise, SS, Bay, SN, Harris, SA, Papagerakis, S, Romano, S, Pavanello, S, Eriksson, S, Forte, S, Casey, SC, Luanpitpong, S, Lee, T-J, Otsuki, T, Chen, T, Massfelder, T, Sanderson, T, Guarnieri, T, Hultman, T, Dormoy, V, Odero-Marah, V, Sabbisetti, V, Maguer-Satta, V, Rathmell, WK, Engstrom, W, Decker, WK, Bisson, WH, Rojanasakul, Y, Luqmani, Y, Chen, Z, and Hu, Z

Abstract

Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that low-dose exposures to mixtures of chemicals in the environment may be combining to contribute to environmental carcinogenesis, we reviewed 11 hallmark phenotypes of cancer, multiple priority target sites for disruption in each area and prototypical chemical disruptors for all targets, this included dose-response characterizations, evidence of low-dose effects and cross-hallmark effects for all targets and chemicals. In total, 85 examples of chemicals were reviewed for actions on key pathways/mechanisms related to carcinogenesis. Only 15% (13/85) were found to have evidence of a dose-response threshold, whereas 59% (50/85) exerted low-dose effects. No dose-response information was found for the remaining 26% (22/85). Our analysis suggests that the cumulative effects of individual (non-carcinogenic) chemicals acting on different pathways, and a variety of related systems, organs, tissues and cells could plausibly conspire to produce carcinogenic synergies. Additional basic research on carcinogenesis and research focused on low-dose effects of chemical mixtures needs to be rigorously pursued before the merits of this hypothesis can be further advanced. However, the structure of the World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety 'Mode of Action' framework should be revisited as it has inherent weaknesses that are not fully aligned with our current understanding of cancer biology.

Published
2015

23. Gender differences in cadmium and cotinine levels in prepubertal children

Author

Fucic, A, Plavec, D, Casteleyn, L, Aerts, D, Biot, P, Katsonouri, A, Cerna, M, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Castano, A, Rudnai, P, Gutleb, A, Ligocka, D, Lupsa, I-R, Berglund, M, Horvat, M, Halzlova, K, Schoeters, G, Koppen, G, Hadjipanayis, A, Krskova, A, Középesy, S, Arendt, M, Fischer, M E, Janasik, B, Gurzau, A E, Gurzau, E S, Grandér, M, Larsson, K, Jajcaj, M, Kolossa-Gehring, M, Sepai, O, Exley, K, Bartolome, M, Cutanda, F, Mazej, D, Nielsen, J K S, Snoj-Tratnik, J, Schwedler, G, Fiddicke, U, Seiwert, M, Govarts, E, Den Hond, E, Koch, H M, Lopez, A, Joas, A, Joas, R, Fucic, A, Plavec, D, Casteleyn, L, Aerts, D, Biot, P, Katsonouri, A, Cerna, M, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Castano, A, Rudnai, P, Gutleb, A, Ligocka, D, Lupsa, I-R, Berglund, M, Horvat, M, Halzlova, K, Schoeters, G, Koppen, G, Hadjipanayis, A, Krskova, A, Középesy, S, Arendt, M, Fischer, M E, Janasik, B, Gurzau, A E, Gurzau, E S, Grandér, M, Larsson, K, Jajcaj, M, Kolossa-Gehring, M, Sepai, O, Exley, K, Bartolome, M, Cutanda, F, Mazej, D, Nielsen, J K S, Snoj-Tratnik, J, Schwedler, G, Fiddicke, U, Seiwert, M, Govarts, E, Den Hond, E, Koch, H M, Lopez, A, Joas, A, and Joas, R

Abstract

Susceptibility to environmental stressors has been described for fetal and early childhood development. However, the possible susceptibility of the prepubertal period, characterized by the orchestration of the organism towards sexual maturation and adulthood has been poorly investigated and exposure data are scarce. In the current study levels of cadmium (Cd), cotinine and creatinine in urine were analyzed in a subsample 216 children from 12 European countries within the DEMOCOPHES project. The children were divided into six age-sex groups: boys (6-8 years, 9-10 years and 11 years old), and girls (6-7 years, 8-9 years, 10-11 years). The number of subjects per group was between 23 and 53. The cut off values were set at 0.1µg/L for Cd, and 0.8µg/L for cotinine defined according to the highest limit of quantification. The levels of Cd and cotinine were adjusted for creatinine level. In the total subsample group, the median level of Cd was 0.180µg/L (range 0.10-0.69µg/L), and for cotinine the median wet weight value was 1.50µg/L (range 0.80-39.91µg/L). There was no significant difference in creatinine and cotinine levels between genders and age groups. There was a significant correlation between levels of cadmium and creatinine in all children of both genders. This shows that even at such low levels the possible effect of cadmium on kidney function was present and measurable. An increase in Cd levels was evident with age. Cadmium levels were significantly different between 6-7 year old girls, 11 year old boys and 10-11 year old girls. As there was a balanced distribution in the number of subjects from countries included in the study, bias due to data clustering was not probable. The impact of low Cd levels on kidney function and gender differences in Cd levels needs further investigation.

Published
2015

24. Interpreting biomarker data from the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES twin projects:Using external exposure data to understand biomarker differences among countries

Author

Smolders, R, Den Hond, E, Koppen, G, Govarts, E, Willems, H, Casteleyn, L, Kolossa-Gehring, M, Fiddicke, U, Castaño, A, Koch, H M, Angerer, J, Esteban, M, Sepai, O, Exley, K, Bloemen, L, Horvat, M, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, A, Joas, R, Biot, P, Aerts, D, Katsonouri, A, Hadjipanayis, A, Cerna, M, Krskova, A, Schwedler, G, Seiwert, M, Nielsen, J K S, Rudnai, P, Közepesy, S, Evans, D S, Ryan, M P, Gutleb, A C, Fischer, M E, Ligocka, D, Jakubowski, M, Reis, M F, Namorado, S, Lupsa, I-R, Gurzau, A E, Halzlova, K, Fabianova, E, Mazej, D, Tratnik Snoj, J, Gomez, S, González, S, Berglund, M, Larsson, K, Lehmann, A, Crettaz, P, Schoeters, G, Smolders, R, Den Hond, E, Koppen, G, Govarts, E, Willems, H, Casteleyn, L, Kolossa-Gehring, M, Fiddicke, U, Castaño, A, Koch, H M, Angerer, J, Esteban, M, Sepai, O, Exley, K, Bloemen, L, Horvat, M, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, A, Joas, R, Biot, P, Aerts, D, Katsonouri, A, Hadjipanayis, A, Cerna, M, Krskova, A, Schwedler, G, Seiwert, M, Nielsen, J K S, Rudnai, P, Közepesy, S, Evans, D S, Ryan, M P, Gutleb, A C, Fischer, M E, Ligocka, D, Jakubowski, M, Reis, M F, Namorado, S, Lupsa, I-R, Gurzau, A E, Halzlova, K, Fabianova, E, Mazej, D, Tratnik Snoj, J, Gomez, S, González, S, Berglund, M, Larsson, K, Lehmann, A, Crettaz, P, and Schoeters, G

Abstract

In 2011 and 2012, the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES twin projects performed the first ever harmonized human biomonitoring survey in 17 European countries. In more than 1800 mother-child pairs, individual lifestyle data were collected and cadmium, cotinine and certain phthalate metabolites were measured in urine. Total mercury was determined in hair samples. While the main goal of the COPHES/DEMOCOPHES twin projects was to develop and test harmonized protocols and procedures, the goal of the current paper is to investigate whether the observed differences in biomarker values among the countries implementing DEMOCOPHES can be interpreted using information from external databases on environmental quality and lifestyle. In general, 13 countries having implemented DEMOCOPHES provided high-quality data from external sources that were relevant for interpretation purposes. However, some data were not available for reporting or were not in line with predefined specifications. Therefore, only part of the external information could be included in the statistical analyses. Nonetheless, there was a highly significant correlation between national levels of fish consumption and mercury in hair, the strength of antismoking legislation was significantly related to urinary cotinine levels, and we were able to show indications that also urinary cadmium levels were associated with environmental quality and food quality. These results again show the potential of biomonitoring data to provide added value for (the evaluation of) evidence-informed policy making.

Published
2015

25. A pilot study on the feasibility of European harmonized Human Biomonitoring:Strategies towards a common approach, challenges and opportunities

Author

Casteleyn, L, Dumez, B, Becker, K, Kolossa-Gehring, M, Den Hond, E, Schoeters, G, Castaño, A, Koch, H M, Angerer, J, Esteban, M, Exley, K, Sepai, O, Bloemen, L, Horvat, M, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, A, Joas, R, Biot, P, Koppen, G, Dewolf, M-C, Katsonouri, A, Hadjipanayis, A, Cerná, M, Krsková, A, Schwedler, G, Fiddicke, U, Nielsen, J K S, Jensen, Janne Fangel, Rudnai, P, Közepésy, S, Mulcahy, M, Mannion, R, Gutleb, A C, Fischer, M E, Ligocka, D, Jakubowski, M, Reis, M F, Namorado, S, Lupsa, I-R, Gurzau, A E, Halzlova, K, Jajcaj, M, Mazej, D, Tratnik Snoj, J, Posada, M, López, E, Berglund, M, Larsson, K, Lehmann, A, Crettaz, P, Aerts, D, Casteleyn, L, Dumez, B, Becker, K, Kolossa-Gehring, M, Den Hond, E, Schoeters, G, Castaño, A, Koch, H M, Angerer, J, Esteban, M, Exley, K, Sepai, O, Bloemen, L, Horvat, M, Knudsen, Lisbeth E., Joas, A, Joas, R, Biot, P, Koppen, G, Dewolf, M-C, Katsonouri, A, Hadjipanayis, A, Cerná, M, Krsková, A, Schwedler, G, Fiddicke, U, Nielsen, J K S, Jensen, Janne Fangel, Rudnai, P, Közepésy, S, Mulcahy, M, Mannion, R, Gutleb, A C, Fischer, M E, Ligocka, D, Jakubowski, M, Reis, M F, Namorado, S, Lupsa, I-R, Gurzau, A E, Halzlova, K, Jajcaj, M, Mazej, D, Tratnik Snoj, J, Posada, M, López, E, Berglund, M, Larsson, K, Lehmann, A, Crettaz, P, and Aerts, D

Abstract

In 2004 the European Commission and Member States initiated activities towards a harmonized approach for Human Biomonitoring surveys throughout Europe. The main objective was to sustain environmental health policy by building a coherent and sustainable framework and by increasing the comparability of data across countries. A pilot study to test common guidelines for setting up surveys was considered a key step in this process. Through a bottom-up approach that included all stakeholders, a joint study protocol was elaborated. From September 2011 till February 2012, 17 European countries collected data from 1844 mother-child pairs in the frame of DEMOnstration of a study to COordinate and Perform Human Biomonitoring on a European Scale (DEMOCOPHES).(1) Mercury in hair and urinary cadmium and cotinine were selected as biomarkers of exposure covered by sufficient analytical experience. Phthalate metabolites and Bisphenol A in urine were added to take into account increasing public and political awareness for emerging types of contaminants and to test less advanced markers/markers covered by less analytical experience. Extensive efforts towards chemo-analytical comparability were included. The pilot study showed that common approaches can be found in a context of considerable differences with respect to experience and expertize, socio-cultural background, economic situation and national priorities. It also evidenced that comparable Human Biomonitoring results can be obtained in such context. A European network was built, exchanging information, expertize and experiences, and providing training on all aspects of a survey. A key challenge was finding the right balance between a rigid structure allowing maximal comparability and a flexible approach increasing feasibility and capacity building. Next steps in European harmonization in Human Biomonitoring surveys include the establishment of a joint process for prioritization of substances to cover and biomarkers to develop

Published
2015

26. Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: The challenge ahead

Author

Goodson, W, Lowe, L, Carpenter, D, Gilbertson, M, Ali, A, de Cerain Salsamendi, A, Lasfar, A, Carnero, A, Azqueta, A, Amedei, A, Charles, A, Collins, A, Ward, A, Salzberg, A, Colacci, A, Olsen, A, Berg, A, Barclay, B, Zhou, B, Blanco Aparicio, C, Baglole, C, Dong, C, Mondello, C, Hsu, C, Naus, C, Yedjou, C, Curran, C, Laird, D, Koch, D, Carlin, D, Felsher, D, Roy, D, Brown, D, Ratovitski, E, Ryan, E, Corsini, E, Rojas, E, Moon, E, Laconi, E, Marongiu, F, Al Mulla, F, Chiaradonna, F, Darroudi, F, Martin, F, Van Schooten, F, Goldberg, G, Wagemaker, G, Nangami, G, Calaf, G, Williams, G, Wolf, G, Koppen, G, Brunborg, G, Kim Lyerly, H, Krishnan, H, Hamid, H, Yasaei, H, Sone, H, Kondoh, H, Salem, H, Hsu, H, Park, H, Koturbash, I, Miousse, I, Ivana Scovassi, A, Klaunig, J, Vondráček, J, Raju, J, Roman, J, Wise, J, Whitfield, J, Woodrick, J, Christopher, J, Ochieng, J, Martinez Leal, J, Weisz, J, Kravchenko, J, Sun, J, Prudhomme, K, Narayanan, K, Cohen Solal, K, Moorwood, K, Gonzalez, L, Soucek, L, Jian, L, D'Abronzo, L, Lin, L, Li, L, Gulliver, L, Mccawley, L, Memeo, L, Vermeulen, L, Leyns, L, Zhang, L, Valverde, M, Khatami, M, Romano, M, Chapellier, M, Williams, M, Wade, M, Manjili, M, Lleonart, M, Xia, M, Gonzalez, M, Karamouzis, M, Kirsch Volders, M, Vaccari, M, Kuemmerle, N, Singh, N, Cruickshanks, N, Kleinstreuer, N, Van Larebeke, N, Ahmed, N, Ogunkua, O, Krishnakumar, P, Vadgama, P, Marignani, P, Ghosh, P, Ostrosky Wegman, P, Thompson, P, Dent, P, Heneberg, P, Darbre, P, Leung, P, Nangia Makker, P, Cheng, Q, Brooks Robey, R, Al Temaimi, R, Roy, R, Andrade Vieira, R, Sinha, R, Mehta, R, Vento, R, Di Fiore, R, Ponce Cusi, R, Dornetshuber Fleiss, R, Nahta, R, Castellino, R, Palorini, R, Hamid, R, Langie, S, Eltom, S, Brooks, S, Ryeom, S, Wise, S, Bay, S, Harris, S, Papagerakis, S, Romano, S, Pavanello, S, Eriksson, S, Forte, S, Casey, S, Luanpitpong, S, Lee, T, Otsuki, T, Chen, T, Massfelder, T, Sanderson, T, Guarnieri, T, Hultman, T, Dormoy, V, Odero Marah, V, Sabbisetti, V, Maguer Satta, V, Kimryn Rathmell, W, Engström, W, Decker, W, Bisson, W, Rojanasakul, Y, Luqmani, Y, Chen, Z, Hu, Z, CHIARADONNA, FERDINANDO, PALORINI, ROBERTA, Hu, Z., Goodson, W, Lowe, L, Carpenter, D, Gilbertson, M, Ali, A, de Cerain Salsamendi, A, Lasfar, A, Carnero, A, Azqueta, A, Amedei, A, Charles, A, Collins, A, Ward, A, Salzberg, A, Colacci, A, Olsen, A, Berg, A, Barclay, B, Zhou, B, Blanco Aparicio, C, Baglole, C, Dong, C, Mondello, C, Hsu, C, Naus, C, Yedjou, C, Curran, C, Laird, D, Koch, D, Carlin, D, Felsher, D, Roy, D, Brown, D, Ratovitski, E, Ryan, E, Corsini, E, Rojas, E, Moon, E, Laconi, E, Marongiu, F, Al Mulla, F, Chiaradonna, F, Darroudi, F, Martin, F, Van Schooten, F, Goldberg, G, Wagemaker, G, Nangami, G, Calaf, G, Williams, G, Wolf, G, Koppen, G, Brunborg, G, Kim Lyerly, H, Krishnan, H, Hamid, H, Yasaei, H, Sone, H, Kondoh, H, Salem, H, Hsu, H, Park, H, Koturbash, I, Miousse, I, Ivana Scovassi, A, Klaunig, J, Vondráček, J, Raju, J, Roman, J, Wise, J, Whitfield, J, Woodrick, J, Christopher, J, Ochieng, J, Martinez Leal, J, Weisz, J, Kravchenko, J, Sun, J, Prudhomme, K, Narayanan, K, Cohen Solal, K, Moorwood, K, Gonzalez, L, Soucek, L, Jian, L, D'Abronzo, L, Lin, L, Li, L, Gulliver, L, Mccawley, L, Memeo, L, Vermeulen, L, Leyns, L, Zhang, L, Valverde, M, Khatami, M, Romano, M, Chapellier, M, Williams, M, Wade, M, Manjili, M, Lleonart, M, Xia, M, Gonzalez, M, Karamouzis, M, Kirsch Volders, M, Vaccari, M, Kuemmerle, N, Singh, N, Cruickshanks, N, Kleinstreuer, N, Van Larebeke, N, Ahmed, N, Ogunkua, O, Krishnakumar, P, Vadgama, P, Marignani, P, Ghosh, P, Ostrosky Wegman, P, Thompson, P, Dent, P, Heneberg, P, Darbre, P, Leung, P, Nangia Makker, P, Cheng, Q, Brooks Robey, R, Al Temaimi, R, Roy, R, Andrade Vieira, R, Sinha, R, Mehta, R, Vento, R, Di Fiore, R, Ponce Cusi, R, Dornetshuber Fleiss, R, Nahta, R, Castellino, R, Palorini, R, Hamid, R, Langie, S, Eltom, S, Brooks, S, Ryeom, S, Wise, S, Bay, S, Harris, S, Papagerakis, S, Romano, S, Pavanello, S, Eriksson, S, Forte, S, Casey, S, Luanpitpong, S, Lee, T, Otsuki, T, Chen, T, Massfelder, T, Sanderson, T, Guarnieri, T, Hultman, T, Dormoy, V, Odero Marah, V, Sabbisetti, V, Maguer Satta, V, Kimryn Rathmell, W, Engström, W, Decker, W, Bisson, W, Rojanasakul, Y, Luqmani, Y, Chen, Z, Hu, Z, CHIARADONNA, FERDINANDO, PALORINI, ROBERTA, and Hu, Z.

Abstract

Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that low-dose exposures to mixtures of chemicals in the environment may be combining to contribute to environmental carcinogenesis, we reviewed 11 hallmark phenotypes of cancer, multiple priority target sites for disruption in each area and prototypical chemical disruptors for all targets, this included dose-response characterizations, evidence of low-dose effects and cross-hallmark effects for all targets and chemicals. In total, 85 examples of chemicals were reviewed for actions on key pathways/ mechanisms related to carcinogenesis. Only 15% (13/85) were found to have evidence of a dose-response threshold, whereas 59% (50/85) exerted low-dose effects. No dose-response information was found for the remaining 26% (22/85). Our analysis suggests that the cumulative effects of individual (non-carcinogenic) chemicals acting on different pathways, and a variety of related systems, organs, tissues and cells could plausibly conspire to produce carcinogenic synergies. Additional basic research on carcinogenesis and research focused on low-dose effects of chemical mixtures needs to be rigorously pursued before the merits of this hypothesis can be further advanced. However, the structure of the World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety 'Mode of Action' framework should be revisited as it has inherent weaknesses that are not fully aligned with our current understanding of cancer biology.

Published
2015

27. Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: The challenge ahead

Author

Goodson, W., Lowe, L., Carpenter, D., Gilbertson, M., Ali, A., de Cerain Salsamendi, A., Lasfar, A., Carnero, A., Azqueta, A., Amedei, A., Charles, A., Collins, A., Ward, A., Salzberg, A., Colacci, A., Olsen, A., Berg, A., Barclay, B., Zhou, B., Blanco-Aparicio, C., Baglole, C., Dong, C., Mondello, C., Hsu, C., Naus, C., Yedjou, C., Curran, C., Laird, D., Koch, D., Carlin, D., Felsher, D., Roy, D., Brown, D., Ratovitski, E., Ryan, E., Corsini, E., Rojas, E., Moon, E., Laconi, E., Marongiu, F., Al-Mulla, F., Chiaradonna, F., Darroudi, F., Martin, F., Van Schooten, F., Goldberg, G., Wagemaker, G., Nangami, G., Calaf, G., Williams, G., Wolf, G., Koppen, G., Brunborg, G., Kim Lyerly, H., Krishnan, H., Hamid, H., Yasaei, H., Sone, H., Kondoh, H., Salem, H., Hsu, H., Park, H., Koturbash, I., Miousse, I., Ivana Scovassi, A., Klaunig, J., Vondrácek, J., Raju, J., Roman, J., Wise, J., Whitfield, J., Woodrick, J., Christopher, J., Ochieng, J., Martinez-Leal, J., Weisz, J., Kravchenko, J., Sun, J., Prudhomme, K., Narayanan, K., Cohen-Solal, K., Moorwood, K., Gonzalez, L., Soucek, L., Jian, Le, D'Abronzo, L., Lin, L., Li, L., Gulliver, L., McCawley, L., Memeo, L., Vermeulen, L., Leyns, L., Zhang, L., Goodson, W., Lowe, L., Carpenter, D., Gilbertson, M., Ali, A., de Cerain Salsamendi, A., Lasfar, A., Carnero, A., Azqueta, A., Amedei, A., Charles, A., Collins, A., Ward, A., Salzberg, A., Colacci, A., Olsen, A., Berg, A., Barclay, B., Zhou, B., Blanco-Aparicio, C., Baglole, C., Dong, C., Mondello, C., Hsu, C., Naus, C., Yedjou, C., Curran, C., Laird, D., Koch, D., Carlin, D., Felsher, D., Roy, D., Brown, D., Ratovitski, E., Ryan, E., Corsini, E., Rojas, E., Moon, E., Laconi, E., Marongiu, F., Al-Mulla, F., Chiaradonna, F., Darroudi, F., Martin, F., Van Schooten, F., Goldberg, G., Wagemaker, G., Nangami, G., Calaf, G., Williams, G., Wolf, G., Koppen, G., Brunborg, G., Kim Lyerly, H., Krishnan, H., Hamid, H., Yasaei, H., Sone, H., Kondoh, H., Salem, H., Hsu, H., Park, H., Koturbash, I., Miousse, I., Ivana Scovassi, A., Klaunig, J., Vondrácek, J., Raju, J., Roman, J., Wise, J., Whitfield, J., Woodrick, J., Christopher, J., Ochieng, J., Martinez-Leal, J., Weisz, J., Kravchenko, J., Sun, J., Prudhomme, K., Narayanan, K., Cohen-Solal, K., Moorwood, K., Gonzalez, L., Soucek, L., Jian, Le, D'Abronzo, L., Lin, L., Li, L., Gulliver, L., McCawley, L., Memeo, L., Vermeulen, L., Leyns, L., and Zhang, L.

Abstract

© The Author 2015. Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that low-dose exposures to mixtures of chemicals in the environment may be combining to contribute to environmental carcinogenesis, we reviewed 11 hallmark phenotypes of cancer, multiple priority target sites for disruption in each area and prototypical chemical disruptors for all targets, this included dose-response characterizations, evidence of low-dose effects and cross-hallmark effects for all targets and chemicals. In total, 85 examples of chemicals were reviewed for actions on key pathways/ mechanisms related to carcinogenesis. Only 15% (13/85) were found to have evidence of a dose-response threshold, whereas 59% (50/85) exerted low-dose effects. No dose-response information was found for the remaining 26% (22/85). Our analysis suggests that the cumulative effects of individual (non-carcinogenic) chemicals acting on different pathways, and a variety of related systems, organs, tissues and cells could plausibly conspire to produce carcinogenic synergies. Additional basic research on carcinogenesis and research focused on low-dose effects of chemical mixtures needs to be rigorously pursued before the merits of this hypothesis can be further advanced. However, the structure of the World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety 'Mode of Action' framework should be revisited as it has inherent weaknesses that are not fully aligned with our current understanding of cancer biology.

Published
2015

32. A roadmap towards a globally harmonized approach for occupational health surveillance and epidemiology in nanomaterial workers

Author

Riediker, M., Schubauer-Berigan, M.K., Brouwer, D.H., Nelissen, I., Koppen, G., Frijns, E., Clark, K.A., Hoeck, J., Liou, S.H., Ho, S.F., Bergamaschi, E., and Gibson, R.

Subjects
Life, Health, Epidemiology, Harmonization, Work and Employment, QS - Quality & Safety, EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences, Health surveillance, Healthy Living, Workers, Nanomaterials
Abstract

Objective: Few epidemiological studies have addressed the health of workers exposed to novel manufactured nanomaterials. The small current workforces will necessitate pooling international cohorts. Method: A roadmap was defined for a globally harmonized framework for the careful choice of materials, exposure characterisation, identification of study populations, definition of health endpoints, evaluation of appropriateness of study designs, data collection and analysis, and interpretation of the results. Results: We propose a roadmap to reach global consensus on these issues. The proposed strategy should ensure that the costs of action are not disproportionate to the potential benefits, and that the approach is pragmatic and practical. Conclusions: We should aim to go beyond the collection of health complaints, illness statistics or even counts of deaths: the manifestation of such clear endpoints would indicate a failure of preventive measures.

Published
2012

38. European birth cohorts for environmental health research

Author

Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Casas, M. (Maribel), Bergström, A. (Anna), Carmichael, A. (Amanda), Cordier, S. (Sylvaine), Eggesbø, M. (Merete), Eller, E. (Esben), Fantini, M.P. (Maria), Fernandez, M.F. (Mariana), Fernández-Somoano, A. (Ana), Gehring, U. (Ulrike), Grazuleviciene, R. (Regina), Hohmann, C. (C.), Karvonen, S.L., Keil, M. (Mark), Kogevinas, M. (Manolis), Koppen, G. (Gudrun), Krämer, U. (Ursula), Kuehni, C. (Claudia), Magnus, P. (Per), Majewska, R. (Renata), Nybo Andersen, A.-M. (Anne-Marie), Patelarou, E. (Evridiki), Petersen, M.S. (Maria Skaalum), Pierik, F.H. (Frank), Polanska, K. (Kinga), Porta, D. (Daniela), Richiardi, L. (Lorenzo), Santos, A.C. (Ana Cristina), Slama, R. (Rémy), Sram, R.J. (Radim), Thijs, C. (Carel), Tischer, C. (Christina), Toft, G. (Gunnar), Trnovec, T. (Tomáš), Vandentorren, S. (Stéphanie), Vrijkotte, T.G.M. (Tanja), Wilhelm, M. (Michael), Wright, J. (Juliet), Nieuwenhuijsen, M. (Mark), Vrijheid, M. (Martine), Casas, M. (Maribel), Bergström, A. (Anna), Carmichael, A. (Amanda), Cordier, S. (Sylvaine), Eggesbø, M. (Merete), Eller, E. (Esben), Fantini, M.P. (Maria), Fernandez, M.F. (Mariana), Fernández-Somoano, A. (Ana), Gehring, U. (Ulrike), Grazuleviciene, R. (Regina), Hohmann, C. (C.), Karvonen, S.L., Keil, M. (Mark), Kogevinas, M. (Manolis), Koppen, G. (Gudrun), Krämer, U. (Ursula), Kuehni, C. (Claudia), Magnus, P. (Per), Majewska, R. (Renata), Nybo Andersen, A.-M. (Anne-Marie), Patelarou, E. (Evridiki), Petersen, M.S. (Maria Skaalum), Pierik, F.H. (Frank), Polanska, K. (Kinga), Porta, D. (Daniela), Richiardi, L. (Lorenzo), Santos, A.C. (Ana Cristina), Slama, R. (Rémy), Sram, R.J. (Radim), Thijs, C. (Carel), Tischer, C. (Christina), Toft, G. (Gunnar), Trnovec, T. (Tomáš), Vandentorren, S. (Stéphanie), Vrijkotte, T.G.M. (Tanja), Wilhelm, M. (Michael), Wright, J. (Juliet), and Nieuwenhuijsen, M. (Mark)

Published
2012
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39. European birth cohorts for environmental health research

Author

Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Vrijheid, M., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Eller, E., Fantini, M.P., Fernández, M.F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Gehring, U., Grazuleviciene, R., Hohmann, C., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C.E., Magnus, P., Majewska, R., Andersen, A., Patelarou, E., Petersen, M., Pierik, F.H., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Santos, A, Slama, R., Sram, R.J., Thijs, C., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., Wilhelm, M., Wright, J., Nieuwenhuijsen, M., Risk Assessment of Toxic and Immunomodulatory Agents, Dep IRAS, Vrijheid, M., Casas, M., Bergström, A., Carmichael, A., Cordier, S., Eggesbø, M., Eller, E., Fantini, M.P., Fernández, M.F., Fernández-Somoano, A., Gehring, U., Grazuleviciene, R., Hohmann, C., Karvonen, A.M., Keil, T., Kogevinas, M., Koppen, G., Krämer, U., Kuehni, C.E., Magnus, P., Majewska, R., Andersen, A., Patelarou, E., Petersen, M., Pierik, F.H., Polanska, K., Porta, D., Richiardi, L., Santos, A, Slama, R., Sram, R.J., Thijs, C., Tischer, C., Toft, G., Trnovec, T., Vandentorren, S., Vrijkotte, T.G.M., Wilhelm, M., Wright, J., and Nieuwenhuijsen, M.

Published
2012

40. Prevalence of at-risk genotypes for genotoxic effects decreases with age in a randomly selected population in Flanders: a cross sectional study

Author

Ketelslegers, H.B., Ketelslegers, H.B., Godschalk, R.W.L., Gottschalk, R.W., Knaapen, A.M., Koppen, G., Schoeters, G., Baeyens, W.F., Nelen, V., Geraedts, J.P.M., van Delft, J.H.M., Kleinjans, J.C.S., Van Larebeke, N.A., Ketelslegers, H.B., Ketelslegers, H.B., Godschalk, R.W.L., Gottschalk, R.W., Knaapen, A.M., Koppen, G., Schoeters, G., Baeyens, W.F., Nelen, V., Geraedts, J.P.M., van Delft, J.H.M., Kleinjans, J.C.S., and Van Larebeke, N.A.

Abstract

Background: We hypothesized that in Flanders (Belgium), the prevalence of at-risk genotypes for genotoxic effects decreases with age due to morbidity and mortality resulting from chronic diseases. Rather than polymorphisms in single genes, the interaction of multiple genetic polymorphisms in low penetrance genes involved in genotoxic effects might be of relevance. Methods: Genotyping was performed on 399 randomly selected adults (aged 50-65) and on 442 randomly selected adolescents. Based on their involvement in processes relevant to genotoxicity, 28 low penetrance polymorphisms affecting the phenotype in 19 genes were selected (xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress defense and DNA repair, respectively 13, 6 and 9 polymorphisms). Polymorphisms which, based on available literature, could not clearly be categorized a priori as leading to an 'increased risk' or a 'protective effect' were excluded. Results: The mean number of risk alleles for all investigated polymorphisms was found to be lower in the 'elderly' (17.0 +/- 2.9) than the 'adolescent' (17.6 +/- 3.1) subpopulation (P = 0.002). These results were not affected by gender nor smoking. The prevalence of a high (> 17 = median) number of risk alleles was less frequent in the 'elderly' (40.6%) than the 'adolescent' (51.4%) subpopulation (P = 0.002). In particular for phase II enzymes, the mean number of risk alleles was lower in the 'elderly' (4.3 +/- 1.6) than the 'adolescent' age group (4.8 +/- 1.9) P < 0.001 and the prevalence of a high (> 4 = median) number of risk alleles was less frequent in the 'elderly' (41.3%) than the adolescent subpopulation (56.3%, P < 0.001). The prevalence of a high (> 8 = median) number of risk alleles for DNA repair enzyme-coding genes was lower in the 'elderly' (37,3%) than the 'adolescent' subpopulation (45.6%, P = 0.017). Conclusions: These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that, in Flanders, the prevalence of at-risk alleles in genes involved in gen

Published
2011

41. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in human milk: A biomonitoring study in rural areas of Flanders (Belgium)

Author

Croes, K., primary, Colles, A., additional, Koppen, G., additional, Govarts, E., additional, Bruckers, L., additional, Van de Mieroop, E., additional, Nelen, V., additional, Covaci, A., additional, Dirtu, A.C., additional, Thomsen, C., additional, Haug, L.S., additional, Becher, G., additional, Mampaey, M., additional, Schoeters, G., additional, Van Larebeke, N., additional, and Baeyens, W., additional

Published
2012
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42. Launch of the ComNet (comet network) project on the comet assay in human population studies during the International Comet Assay Workshop meeting in Kusadasi, Turkey (September 13-16, 2011)

Author

Collins, A., primary, Anderson, D., additional, Coskun, E., additional, Dhawan, A., additional, Dusinska, M., additional, Koppen, G., additional, Kruszewski, M., additional, Moretti, M., additional, Rojas, E., additional, Speit, G., additional, Valverde, M., additional, and Bonassi, S., additional

Published
2012
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47. Internal exposure to pollutants measured in blood and urine of Flemish adolescents in function of area of residence

Author

Schroijen, C., primary, Baeyens, W., additional, Schoeters, G., additional, Den Hond, E., additional, Koppen, G., additional, Bruckers, L., additional, Nelen, V., additional, Van De Mieroop, E., additional, Bilau, M., additional, Covaci, A., additional, Keune, H., additional, Loots, I., additional, Kleinjans, J., additional, Dhooge, W., additional, and Van Larebeke, N., additional

Published
2008
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