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4. Oncologist counseling practice and COVID‐19 vaccination outcomes for patients with history of PEG‐asparaginase hypersensitivity

Author

Zarnegar‐Lumley, S., Stone, C.A., Smith, C.M., Hall, L.L., Luck, K.E., Koo, G., Plager, J.H., Phillips, E.J., Friedman, D.L., Zarnegar‐Lumley, S., Stone, C.A., Smith, C.M., Hall, L.L., Luck, K.E., Koo, G., Plager, J.H., Phillips, E.J., and Friedman, D.L.

Abstract

Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an effective strategy to prevent serious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is important for oncology patients. mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines are contraindicated in those with a history of severe or immediate allergy to any vaccine component, including polyethylene glycol (PEG)2000. Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma receive asparaginase conjugated to PEG5000 (PEG-ASNase) and those with PEG-ASNase-associated hypersensitivity may be unnecessarily excluded from receiving mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. We, therefore, surveyed oncologists on COVID-19 vaccine counseling practice and vaccination outcomes in COVID-19 vaccination-eligible patients and show safe receipt of mRNA vaccines despite PEG-ASNase hypersensitivity

Published
2022

7. Reactivity to heparin in patients with alpha-gal allergy

Author

Koo, G., Plager, J., Fahrenholz, J.M., Phillips, E., Stone, C., Koo, G., Plager, J., Fahrenholz, J.M., Phillips, E., and Stone, C.

Abstract

Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) syndrome is an immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated allergy syndrome to an oligosaccharide found in nonprimate mammalian meat and mammalian-derived products. 1 Oral consumption reactions are characteristically delayed, but are immediate with parenteral administration. 1 Since the discovery of alpha-gal IgE antibodies while investigating hypersensitivity reactions to cetuximab, much attention has been paid to both theoretical risks and reported cases of hypersensitivity reactions to various medications and medical devices derived from nonprimate mammals. 1 ,2 The true extent of this risk is still largely unknown. 3 One medication of interest is heparin; both unfractionated heparin and low-molecular weight heparin, enoxaparin, are derived from porcine intestinal tissue. In a case of immediate hypersensitivity to heparin in a patient with a high concentration of alpha-gal–specific IgE (sIgE), we would like to draw attention to positive skin testing result to heparin products.

Published
2022

9. Adverse Events and Safety of SARS-Cov2 Vaccines: What’s New and What’s Next

Author

Corey, K.B., Koo, G., Phillips, E.J., Corey, K.B., Koo, G., and Phillips, E.J.

Abstract

Just over one year following rollout of the first vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 572 million doses have been administered in the United States. Comparatively to the number of vaccines administered, adverse effects such as anaphylaxis have been rare, and seemingly, the more serious the effect, the rarer the occurrence. Despite these adverse effects, there are few, if any, true contraindications to COVID-19 vaccination and most individuals recover without further sequelae. This review provides guidance for the allergist/immunologist regarding appropriate next steps based on patient’s known allergy history or adverse reaction after receipt of COVID-19 vaccine in order to assist in safe global immunization.

Published
2022

10. A case of coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccine tolerance and immune response despite presence of anti-polyethylene glycol antibodies

Author

Corey, K.B., Koo, G., Stone, C.A., Kroop, S.F., Fissell, W.H., Kozlowski, S., Zhou, Z-H, Phillips, E.J., Corey, K.B., Koo, G., Stone, C.A., Kroop, S.F., Fissell, W.H., Kozlowski, S., Zhou, Z-H, and Phillips, E.J.

Abstract

The role of anti-polyethylene glycol (PEG) immunoglobulin (Ig)M, IgG, or IgE antibodies in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine anaphylaxis is unknown. We highlight a case with preexisting anti-PEG antibodies that tolerated vaccination. A 60-year-old woman with debilitating gout experienced HLA-B*58:01-restricted allopurinol drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic syndrome. After 2 years, following therapeutic failure with febuxostat, pegloticase was trialed. After 12 days from initial infusion, she developed angioedema and a diffuse erythematous pruritic rash. She self-treated with diphenhydramine, but symptoms persisted for 2 days. She then developed shortness of breath and throat constriction, requiring antihistamines and systemic steroids from an outside emergency department. She was later discharged with steroids, and symptoms resolved after 7 days. After 7 months, she had negative results from skin prick test (SPT) and intradermal test (IDT) to PEG3350. She was not tested to higher molecular weight PEG at this time. Of note, we detected anti-PEG IgG and IgE antibodies using a previously reported dual cytometric bead assay,1 which had been negative when assessed from biobanked plasma 2 months after the drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic syndrome episode (Table 1). The target beads for the assay used high-affinity murine anti-PEG monoclonal antibody-conjugated cytometric bead array beads conjugated with pegloticase as the target antigen.1 The control beads were conjugated with the same anti-PEG antibodies without pegloticase.1 The positive signal criterion is defined as “target beads MFI (median fluorescence intensity) more than or equal to 1.2 times control beads MFI” and “free PEG inhibition reduces more than or equal to 50% of target beads MFI.”1

Published
2022

11. Janssen COVID-19 vaccine tolerated in 10 patients with confirmed polyethylene glycol allergy

Author

Bruusgaard-Mouritsen, M.A., Koo, G., Heinrichsen, A.S., Melchiors, B.B., Krantz, M.S., Plager, J.H., Boxer, M., Phillips, E.J., Stone, C.A., Garvey, L.H., Bruusgaard-Mouritsen, M.A., Koo, G., Heinrichsen, A.S., Melchiors, B.B., Krantz, M.S., Plager, J.H., Boxer, M., Phillips, E.J., Stone, C.A., and Garvey, L.H.

Abstract

Polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and the structurally related polysorbates (PEG sorbitans—PEG molecular weight, 880-1056 g/mol) are excipients commonly used in small-molecule pharmaceutical drugs, as well as in some vaccines and most mAbs...

Published
2022

12. mRNA COVID-19 vaccine safety in patients with previous immediate hypersensitivity to Pegaspargase

Author

Koo, G., Anvari, S., Friedman, D.L., Zarnegar-Lumley, S., Szafron, V., Kahwash, B.M., Onasch, K.M., Hall, L., Phillips, E.J., Stone, C.A., Koo, G., Anvari, S., Friedman, D.L., Zarnegar-Lumley, S., Szafron, V., Kahwash, B.M., Onasch, K.M., Hall, L., Phillips, E.J., and Stone, C.A.

Abstract

Pegaspargase is a vital component of a multidrug chemotherapy regimen for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL)...

Published
2021

18. Patient satisfaction of breast reconstructive surgery following mastectomy in Brunei.

Author

Shazana Nor, Koo Guan Chan, Hanif Abdul Rahman, and Khadizah H Abdul-Mumin

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of Breast Reconstructive Surgery (BRS) on patients' satisfaction and quality of life following mastectomy for breast cancer.MethodsA multi-method design study comprising quantitative and qualitative research was conducted between October to December 2019. The quantitative component consisted of a cross-sectional study using the Breast-Q questionnaire and the qualitative component involved in-depth interviews with eligible patients (N = 16) who underwent BRS following mastectomy for breast cancer. Quantitative analysis was performed including Fisher's exact test and One-way Analysis of Variance where a p-value of Results14 out of 16 eligible patients participated in the study. We observed the lowest-scale score was for 'satisfaction with nipples' (mean score 32.7), followed by 'physical well-being: abdomen' (mean score 69.5). Despite a median score of 70 for 'satisfaction with breasts', patients were satisfied with the overall outcome of BRS (median score 80.5). Thematic analysis yielded three themes i.e. "I feel beautiful again" that described patients' satisfaction with aesthetic outcome with autologous reconstruction; "Striving for normality" that indicated BRS established back a sense of normality and improve their self-confidence and lastly, "I was well taken care of" highlighted the importance of providing 'well-informed' care to ensure overall satisfaction of their BRS journey.ConclusionThe uptake of BRS remains low since its availability in 2012, despite an overall increase in breast cancer cases in Brunei annually. Patients who underwent BRS have shown an increase BREAST-Q scores in breast satisfaction, psychosocial and sexual well-being after breast cancer treatment. Delivering high-quality patient-centred services and providing adequate information can influence the level of satisfaction for overall outcome. BRS should be considered as an important healthcare priority in Brunei and routinely be offered in the management of breast cancer.

Published
2023
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19. Hip Subluxation and Dislocation in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Author

Claire Delaney, Koo G. Chan, and Charles S. B. Galasko

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Subluxation, Pelvic tilt, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Scoliosis, medicine.disease, Surgery, Cerebral palsy, Hip subluxation, Spinal fusion, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscular dystrophy, business
Abstract

Although hip subluxation and dislocation occur commonly in neuromuscular diseases such as cerebral palsy, spinal muscular atrophy and myelomeningocele, they are not known to commonly affect patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. In this study, 15 out of 54 patients whose hip radiographs were reviewed showed unilateral subluxation, one had bilateral subluxation and three had unilateral dislocation. Having established that hip subluxation and dislocation develop frequently in patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, serial hip radiographs should be taken as has been advocated for cerebral palsy. The possible relationship between subluxation and pelvic tilt also calls for better control of sitting posture to prevent pelvic tilt. Spinal stabilization should be carried out at an early age when any scoliosis and pelvic tilt are still mild, so that progressive subluxation of the hip may be delayed or prevented, in addition to maintaining sitting balance and comfort.

Published
2001
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22. Contributors

Author

Abb, Jochen, primary, Abo, Toru, additional, Acero, Raffaella, additional, Acha-Orbea, Hans, additional, Adams, Dolph O., additional, Adler, William H., additional, Ährlund-Richter, Lars, additional, Ahre, Anders, additional, Alberti, Saverio, additional, Allan, Jane E., additional, Allavena, Paola, additional, Allison, Anthony C., additional, Alsheikhly, Abdulrazzak, additional, Bernard Amos, D., additional, Andersson, Torbjörn, additional, Andrighetto, G., additional, Aoki, Tadao, additional, Aoyagi, Yoshitaka, additional, Argov, Shmuel, additional, Axberg, Inger, additional, Bach, Fritz H., additional, Bach, Jean-Francois, additional, Baines, Malcolm G., additional, Bakács, Tibor, additional, Balch, Charles M., additional, Bardos, Pierre, additional, Barlozzari, Teresa, additional, Bartlett, Scott P., additional, Bash, Jerry A., additional, Bechtold, Thomas, additional, Befus, Dean, additional, Bejarano, Maria T., additional, Benczur, Miklós, additional, Bennett, Michael, additional, Beran, Miroslav, additional, William Bere, E., additional, Berg, Kurt, additional, Biberfeldt, Peter, additional, Bienenstock, John, additional, Biondi, Andrea, additional, Biron, Christine A., additional, Bizière, Katleen, additional, Blomgren, Henric, additional, Bloom, Barry R., additional, Bloom, Eda T., additional, Bockman, Richard S., additional, Bolhuis, Reinder, additional, Bonavida, Benjamin, additional, Bonnard, G. D, additional, Boraschi, Diana, additional, Bordignon, Claudio, additional, Bottazzi, Barbara, additional, Bougnoux, Philippe, additional, Bradley, Thomas P., additional, Phillip Brandt, C., additional, Brooks, Colin G., additional, Brown, Garth W., additional, Brunda, Michael J., additional, Brunet, D., additional, Burgess, Donald E., additional, Burton, Robert C., additional, Caraux, Jean, additional, Carlson, George A., additional, Carpén, Olli, additional, Carpenter, Robin, additional, Caspani, Giorgio, additional, Cayre, Y., additional, Cesarmi, C., additional, Chang, Kenneth S.S., additional, Chang, Zong-liang, additional, Cheers, Christina, additional, Chow, Donna A., additional, Chung, Tae June, additional, Clagett, James A., additional, Clark, Edward A., additional, Cochran, Alistair J., additional, Colmenares, C., additional, Colombo, Nicoletta, additional, Cooper, Max D., additional, Cunningham-Rundles, Susanna, additional, Cupissol, Didier, additional, Cuttito, Michael, additional, D’Amore, Paula J., additional, Datta, Surjit K., additional, de Vries, Jan E., additional, Dean, J. H, additional, Degenne, Danielle, additional, Deinhardt, Friedrich, additional, Denn, Alfred C., additional, Dennert, Gunther, additional, Devlin, James J., additional, Dexter, David, additional, Djeu, Julie Y., additional, Dokhélar, Marie-Christine, additional, Domzig, Wolfgang, additional, Donati, Maria Benedetta, additional, Dupuy, Jean-Marie, additional, Edwards, Anne, additional, Efrati, Margalit, additional, Ehrlich, Rachel, additional, Ehrnst, Anneka, additional, Einhorn, Stefan, additional, Ellegaard, Jørgen, additional, Emmons, Sandra L., additional, Engler, Helmut, additional, Eugui, Elsie M., additional, Földes, Isrván, additional, Fagraeus, Astrid, additional, Fanning, Virginia, additional, Favier, Carine, additional, Favier, François, additional, Feng, Mei-fu, additional, Fernandes, Gabriel, additional, Ferrarini, Manlio, additional, Feucht, Helmut, additional, Figdor, Carl G., additional, Fischer, Dina G., additional, Fitzgerald, Patricia, additional, Forbes, James T., additional, Forget, Adrien, additional, Fredholm, Bertil, additional, Galatiuc, Cecilia, additional, Gallagher, Michael T., additional, Garam, Tamás, additional, Gherman, Maria, additional, Ghezzi, Pietro, additional, Gidlund, Magnus, additional, Gillis, Steven, additional, Goldfarb, Ronald H., additional, Golightly, Marc G., additional, Golub, Sidney, additional, Good, Robert A., additional, Gorelik, E., additional, Granger, Donald L., additional, Granger, Gale A., additional, Grayzel, Arthur I., additional, Anthony Greco, F., additional, Greenberg, Arnold H., additional, Grimberg, Alvar, additional, Gros, Philippe, additional, Groscurth, Peter, additional, Grossi, Carlo Enrico, additional, Grossman, Zvi, additional, Grundy (Chalmer), Jane E., additional, Gupta, Sudhir, additional, Gyódi, Éva, additional, Härfast, Bengt, additional, Habu, Sonoko, additional, Haliotis, Tina, additional, Hanna, Nabil, additional, Hansson, Mona, additional, Hapel, Andrew J., additional, Hatcher, Frank, additional, Hattori, Toshio, additional, Hatzfeld, A., additional, Haukaas, Sven, additional, Haynes, Barton F., additional, Hefeneider, Steven H., additional, Helfand, Stephen, additional, Hengartner, Hans, additional, Henney, Christopher S., additional, Herberman, R. B, additional, Heron, Iver, additional, Hersey, Peter, additional, Hibbs, John B., additional, Hoffman, Thomas, additional, Hokland, Marianne, additional, Hokland, Peter, additional, Holden, Howard T., additional, Hollán, Susan R., additional, Carmack Holmes, E., additional, Horikawa, Yon, additional, Hudig, Dorothy, additional, Huh, Nam Doll, additional, Ihle, James N., additional, Introna, Martino, additional, Ishizaka, Sally T., additional, Ishizaka, Teruko, additional, Jablonski, T., additional, Jensen, Pamela J., additional, Johansson, Bo, additional, Johnson, Donald R., additional, Johnson, William J., additional, Jondal, Mikael, additional, Kärre, Klas, additional, Kaiserlian, Dominique, additional, Kalland, Terje, additional, Kasai, Masataka, additional, Kaudewitz, Peter, additional, Kawase, Ichiro, additional, Kawate, Norihiko, additional, Kedar, Eli, additional, Keller, Robert, additional, Kiessling, Rolf, additional, Kim, Yoon Berm, additional, Kirchner, Holger, additional, Kirkpatrick, Dahlia, additional, Klein, Eva, additional, Klein, George, additional, Klein, Gunnar O., additional, Kleinerman, Eugenie S., additional, Kolb, Jean Pierre, additional, Kongshavn, Patricia A.L., additional, Koo, G. C, additional, Koren, Hillel S., additional, Kraft, Dietrich, additional, Kubota, Richard, additional, Kuhn, Raymond E., additional, Kumar, Vinay, additional, Kung, Patrick C., additional, Kurashige, Takanobu, additional, Kuribayashi, Kagemasa, additional, Kusaimi, Nuha T., additional, Landolfo, Santo, additional, Lanefeldt, Fred, additional, Lang, Rosmarie, additional, Lanza, Emanuela, additional, Laskay, Tamás, additional, Lattime, Edmund C., additional, Lavie, Gad, additional, Ledbetter, Jeffrey A., additional, Leung, Kam H., additional, Levy, Elinor M., additional, Lindsten, Tullia, additional, Lipinski, Marc, additional, Lohmann-Matthes, Marie-Luise, additional, Lohmeyer, Jürgen, additional, Longhi, Bernard, additional, Lopez, Carlos, additional, Lotzová, Eva, additional, Luck, Anne, additional, Luini, Walter, additional, Lust, John A., additional, Macgeorge, Jenny, additional, Malatzky, Elinor, additional, Maluish, Annette E., additional, Manciulea, Moiara, additional, Mandeville, Rosemonde, additional, Mantovani, Alberto, additional, Marchmont, R. J, additional, Martinetto, Pancrazio, additional, Martinotti, Giovanna, additional, Masucci, Giuseppe, additional, Masucci, Maria G., additional, Masuda, Aoi, additional, Matzku, S., additional, McCarthy, William, additional, Olga McDaniel, D., additional, McGarry, Ronald C., additional, Mellen, P. F, additional, Mellstedt, Håkan, additional, Merrill, Jean E., additional, Micksche, Michael, additional, Miller, Aaron E., additional, Miller, V., additional, Milton, Gerald, additional, Minato, Nagahiro, additional, Miner, Karen M., additional, Minning, Lory, additional, Mittl, L. R, additional, Miyakoshi, Hideo, additional, Mizukoshi, Mikio, additional, Molina, Pierangela, additional, Moore, M., additional, Morgan, Doris, additional, Muchmore, Andrew V., additional, Murphy, Edwin D., additional, Murphy, Juneann, additional, Muse, Kenneth E., additional, Musset, Mircea, additional, Nasrallah, Anthony G., additional, Neefe, John R., additional, Andrew Neighbour, P., additional, Newman, Walter, additional, Niitsuma, Masayuki, additional, Nilsson, Kennith, additional, Norrby, Erling, additional, Nose, Masato, additional, Obexer, Gerhard, additional, Oeltmann, Thomas N., additional, Okumura, Ko, additional, Olabuenaga, Susana, additional, Örvell, Claes, additional, Ortaldo, John R., additional, Pálffy, György, additional, Pape, Gerd R., additional, Pasqualetto, Elena, additional, Patarroyo, Manuel, additional, Pecoraro, Gene A., additional, Peius, Louis M., additional, Peppard, J. R, additional, Peri, Giuseppe, additional, Perlmann, Peter, additional, Perussia, Bice, additional, Pestka, Sidney, additional, Petrányi, Győső, additional, Piontek, Gerald E., additional, Platsoucas, Chris D., additional, Pohajdak, B., additional, Polentarutti, Nadia, additional, Pollack, Sylvia B., additional, Ponzio, Nicholas M., additional, Priest, Elizabeth L., additional, Pross, Hugh, additional, Pulay, Tamás, additional, Purtillo, David T., additional, Pyle, Robert S., additional, Quan, Phuc-Canh, additional, Ramsey, Keith M., additional, Redelman, Doug, additional, Rees, Robert, additional, Reinitz, Elizabeth, additional, Renoux, Gérard, additional, Renoux, Micheline, additional, Rey, Augustin, additional, Reynolds, Craig W., additional, Riccardi, Carlo, additional, Rieber, Ernst Peter, additional, Riethmüller, Gert, additional, Ringwald, Gábor, additional, Rocheleau, Normand, additional, Roder, John C., additional, Rosen, B., additional, Rosenthal, Kendall L., additional, Roths, John B., additional, Rotilio, Domenico, additional, Rubin, Berish Y., additional, Rubin, Peter, additional, Ruebush, Mary J., additional, Rumpold, Helmut, additional, Saksela, Eero, additional, Salmona, Mario, additional, Santoni, Angela, additional, Savary, C. A, additional, Saxena, Queen B., additional, Saxena, Rajiv K., additional, Schindler, Liesel, additional, Schlimok, Günter, additional, Schreiber, Hans, additional, Seeley, Janet K., additional, Senik, Anna, additional, Serrate, Susana A., additional, Serrou, Bernard, additional, Sharrow, Susan O., additional, Shellam, Geoffrey R., additional, Shibata, Akira, additional, Shimamura, Kazuo, additional, Siegal, Frederick P., additional, Skamene, Emil, additional, Somers, Scott D., additional, Spits, Hergen, additional, Stoger, Ivana, additional, Stadler, Beda M., additional, Stevenson, Mary M., additional, Stitz, Lothar, additional, Strander, Hans, additional, Stutman, Osias, additional, Sulica, Andrei, additional, Sun, Deming, additional, Svastits, Egon, additional, Tagliabue, Aldo, additional, Takasugi, Mitsuo, additional, Tálas, Margarita, additional, Tanaka, Kenichi, additional, Taramelli, Donatella, additional, Targan, Stephan R., additional, Tarkkanen, Jussi, additional, Thiel, Eckardt, additional, Timonen, Tuomo, additional, Tótpál, Klára, additional, Tötterman, Thomas, additional, Trentin, John J., additional, Trinchieri, Giorgio, additional, Tursz, Thomas, additional, Uchida, Atsushi, additional, Ullberg, Mans, additional, Urban, James, additional, Urdal, David L., additional, Vánky, Farkas, additional, Varesio, Luigi, additional, Varga, Miklòs, additional, Virtanen, Ismo, additional, Vose, B. M, additional, Ward, Jerrold M., additional, Weiel, James E., additional, Weigle, William O., additional, Weitzen, Monica L., additional, Welsh, Raymond M., additional, Werkmeister, Jerome A., additional, Weston, Patricia A., additional, Wigzell, H., additional, Wiltrout, R., additional, Windsor, Nancy T., additional, Winn, Henry J., additional, Witz, Isaac P., additional, Woody, James N., additional, Wright, Susan C., additional, Yamamoto, Robert S., additional, Yogeeswaran, Ganesa, additional, Zöller, M., additional, Zagury, Daniel, additional, Zander, Helmut, additional, Zarling, Joyce M., additional, Zawatzky, Rainer, additional, and Loems Ziegler, Hans-Werner, additional

Published
1982
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23. On the inverse determination of displacements, strains, and stresses in a carbon nanofiber/polyurethane nanocomposite from conductivity data obtained via electrical impedance tomography.

Author

Tallman, T. N., Gungor, S., Koo, G. M., and Bakis, C. E.

Subjects
CARBON nanofibers, COMPOSITE materials, ELECTRICAL impedance tomography, DISPLACEMENT (Mechanics), STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics), POLYURETHANES, NANOCOMPOSITE materials
Abstract

Carbon nanofiller-modified composites possess extraordinary potential for structural health monitoring because they are piezoresistive and therefore self-sensing. To date, considerable work has been done to understand how strain affects nanocomposite conductivity and to utilize electrical impedance tomography for detecting strain or damage-induced conductivity changes. Merely detecting the occurrence of mechanical effects, however, does not realize the full potential of piezoresistive nanomaterials. Rather, knowing the mechanical state that results in the observed conductivity changes would be much more valuable from a structural health monitoring perspective. Herein, we make use of an analytical piezoresistivity model to inversely determine the displacement field of a strained carbon nanofiber/polyurethane nanocomposite from conductivity changes obtained via electrical impedance tomography. From the displacements, kinematic and constitutive relations are used to calculate strains and stresses, respectively. A commercial finite element simulation is then used to validate the accuracy of these predictions. These results concretely demonstrate that it is possible to inversely determine displacements, strains, and stresses from conductivity data thereby enabling unprecedented insight into the mechanical response of piezoresistive nanofiller-modified materials and structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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32. Blockade of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 inhibits immune responses in vivo.

Author

Koo, G C, primary, Blake, J T, additional, Talento, A, additional, Nguyen, M, additional, Lin, S, additional, Sirotina, A, additional, Shah, K, additional, Mulvany, K, additional, Hora, D, additional, Cunningham, P, additional, Wunderler, D L, additional, McManus, O B, additional, Slaughter, R, additional, Bugianesi, R, additional, Felix, J, additional, Garcia, M, additional, Williamson, J, additional, Kaczorowski, G, additional, Sigal, N H, additional, Springer, M S, additional, and Feeney, W, additional

Published
1997
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33. Exponential mean-square stabilisation for non-linear systems: sampled-data fuzzy control approach.

Author

Koo, G. B., Park, J. B., and Joo, Y. H.

Subjects
*FUZZY control systems, *CONTROL theory (Engineering), *MARKOVIAN jump linear systems, *LINEAR systems, *LINEAR matrix inequalities
Abstract

This study presents a sampled-data fuzzy control problem for non-linear systems with packet losses. A Takagi- Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is adopted for the non-linear systems and the packet loss is separately considered for the independent, identically distributed and Markovian cases. The sampled-data fuzzy controllers are designed for a T-S fuzzy model. Based on the closed-loop system, sufficient conditions are derived for the exponential mean-square stabilisation and formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a numerical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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39. Female phenotype and multiple abnormalities in sibs with a Y chromosome and partial X chromosome duplication: H--Y antigen and Xg blood group findings.

Author

Bernstein, R, Jenkins, T, Dawson, B, Wagner, J, Dewald, G, Koo, G C, and Wachtel, S S

Abstract

A mentally retarded female child with multiple congenital abnormalities had an abnormal X chromosome and a Y chromosome; the karyotype was interpreted as 46,dup(X)(p21 leads to pter)Y. Prenatal chromosome studies in a later pregnancy indicated the same chromosomal abnormality in the fetus. The fetus and proband had normal female genitalia and ovarian tissue. H--Y antigen was virtually absent in both sibs, a finding consistent with the view that testis-determining genes of the Y chromosome may be suppressed by regulatory elements of the X. The abnormal X chromosome was present in the mother, the maternal grandmother, and a female sib: all were phenotypically normal and showed the karyotype 46,Xdup(X)(p21 leads to pter) with non-random inactivation of the abnormal X. Anomalous segregation of the Xga allele suggests that the Xg locus was involved in the inactivation process or that crossing-over at meiosis occurred. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1980

43. IL-2 induces expression of serine protease enzymes and genes in natural killer and nonspecific T killer cells

Author

Manyak, C. L., Norton, G. P., Lobe, C. G., Bleackley, R. C., Howard Gershenfeld, Weissman, I. L., Kumar, V., Sigal, N. H., and Koo, G. C.

Subjects
Immunology, Immunology and Allergy
Abstract

The expression of serine protease genes was examined in murine NK cells that were purified by panning spleen cells with PMA. Although unstimulated NK cells were cytolytic, they were found not to express the C11 (chymotrypsin-like) mRNA. Culturing these cells in IL-2 (500 to 800 U/ml) for 5 to 7 days induced both the lytic activities and the protease enzymes by 20- to 30-fold. Concomitant to these activation events, the total steady state mRNA of both C11 and HF (trypsin-like) genes were also elevated. The activation of lysis, serine protease enzymes, and C11 and HF mRNA all peaked around day 5 in culture and was dose dependent. In order to exclude the possibility that PMA synergizes with IL-2 in this system, spleen cells from SCID mice, which contained mainly NK cells, were cultured under the same conditions (800 U/ml IL-2, with or without PMA) and PMA did not appear to enhance the expression of these mRNA. Similarly, IL-2 also induced the lytic activities, enzyme levels, and mRNA in the non-Ag-specific T killer cells isolated from spleens of normal mice. Lytic activity of T killer cells was not as high as the NK cells, however, the addition of PHA into the lytic assay resulted in enhanced lysis comparable to that of NK cells. These results showed that lytic activity increased along with protease enzyme levels and mRNA expression in both NK and resting T cells. Therefore, elevated levels of the protease enzymes could be one mechanism involved in optimal lytic activity of IL-2-induced lymphokine activated killer cells.

Published
1989
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48. Enrichment of Bovine X-and Y-Chromosome-Bearing Sperm with Monoclonal H-Y Antibody-Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorter

Author

Ali, J. I., Eldridge, F. E., Koo, G. C., and Schanbacher, B. D.

Abstract

Bovine spermatozoa were assessed indirectly for the presence of a Y chromosome by monitoring expression of the H-Y antigen. Spermatozoa labeled with a monoclonal H-Y antiboudy (MoAb) and fluorescein-conjudged goat antibody to mouse F(ab)2 were counted with both a fluorescent microscope and a fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). Of ejaculated spermatozoa, 40% to 60% fluoresced by this procedure compared to 1% to 15% of sperm reacted with nonimmune serum. Semen from three bulls was exposed to nonimmune serum (control) or MoAb, sorted by FACS, and analyzed for DNA content with a scanning microdensitometer. Control samples showed two distinct peaks with a mean difference in DNA content of 3.95%; these peaks were assumed to represent Y- and X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa populations, respectively. DNA analyses of the MoAb-treated sperm of three bulls that sorted positively for H-Y antigen (fluorescent sperm) yielded ratios of Y- to X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa of 76 : 24, 88 : 12, and 77 : 23, and those sorted negatively for H-Y antigen (nonfluorescent sperm) yielded ratios of 26 : 74, 35 : 65, and 23 : 77. The proportions of Y- and X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa in nonsorted samples were not different from 50 : 50. Suitable MoAbs can be used in conjunction with FACS to enrich the proportion of Y- or X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa in bovine semen.

Published
1990
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