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Additional file 2: Additional Table 2. Primer sequences used for the qPCR analysis.

Additional file 1: Additional Table 1. Neurological Severity Scores (NSS).

In this Letter, we present an electrically tunable holographic waveguide display (HWD) based on two slanted holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) gratings. Experimental results show that a see-through effect is obtained in the HWD that both the display light from HWD and the ambient light can be clearly seen simultaneously. By applying an external electric field, the output intensity of the display light can be modulated, which is attributed to the field-induced rotation of the liquid crystal molecules in the two HPDLC gratings. We also show that this electrically tunable performance enables the HWD to adapt to different ambient light conditions. This study provides some ideas towards the development of HWD and its application in augmented reality.

Panoramic stereo images, captured by distributed devices then mosaicking, are competent contents for virtual reality applications. Mosaicking raw images with different perspectives into satisfying final results is still not efficient enough, even if state-of-the-art algorithms are employed. For improving this efficiency in optical methods, we delve into the potential of the capturing system. Two parallax factors, peak parallax and deviation of parallaxes, are proposed to assess the mosaicking capability. By controlling variables and numerical computation, rules between parallax factors and design parameters have been revealed. Validation by simulations, large capturing distance, more cameras, compact arrangement, and moderate overlaps are suggested as the general design strategy. Benefiting from efficient mosaicking, systems based on our design strategy would have potential for real-time applications.

In order to minimize moire patterns in autostereoscopic parallax displays, the optical component, which is used for forming viewing zones, is analyzed with varying period and slant angle. First, horizontal-parallax autostereoscopic displays (HPAD) can be approximated as the superposition of three corresponding binary gratings. Referring to the unification of indicial equation method and Fourier analysis, a singular state and two stable moire-free states are obtained according to the superposition of the equivalent grating of LCD and special radial grating. Two stable moire-free states are valid for HPAD. For full-parallax autostereoscopic displays (FPAD), a special radial grid grating is introduced to simulate a 2D optical component with progressively varying period and slant angle. Similarly, two corresponding stable moire-free states for FPAD can be used for eliminating moire patterns.

Two series of novel tricyclic oxazine and oxazepine fused quinazolines have been designed and synthesized. The in vitro antitumor effect of the title compounds was screened on N87, A431, H1975, BT474 and Calu-3 cell lines. Compared to gefitinib and erlotinib, compounds 1a-1h were found to demonstrate more potent antitumor activities. Several derivatives could counteract EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR in cells, and their potency was comparable to the reference compounds. Compounds 1a-1f, 1h were chosen for further evaluation of EGFR and HER2 in vitro kinase inhibitory activity. Compounds 1c-1f, 1h effectively inhibited the in vitro kinase activity of EGFR and HER2 with similar efficacy as gefitinib and erlotinib.

In order to realize autostereoscopic 3D projecting display with higher brightness and larger size, a technique of autostereoscopic 3D projecting using parallax barriers and lenticular sheets is proposed.The parameter design of lenticular sheets and parallax barriers is investigated. First, projection distance of projector array is confirmed according to eye's resolution,then the strips' character of lenticular sheets is analysed by zemax in four-view situation,thickness and parameters of strips of lenticular sheets are confirmed. Finally, the width of slit and pitch and viewing distance and etc of parallax barriers are confirmed according to parameters of strips of lenticular sheets. Data analysis indicate that the brightness of our four-view image is increased three times because of using lenticular sheets instead of parallax barriers comparing with the autostereoscopic 3D projector using two parallax barriers plates. Parameters design of parallax barriers and lenticular sheets are finished, the feasibility and advantages of the 3D display of projecting are confirmed theoretically.

We propose a parameter design of the parallax barrier (PB) based on the color moiré patterns in autostereoscopic displays. First, the display device and the PB are approximated as two corresponding binary gratings. In order to obtain different corresponding predominant Fourier low-frequency terms, the superposition of the equivalent grating for the display device and the special radial grating is analyzed, referring to the indicial equation method and Fourier theory. Moreover, the two transition regions are considered as the regions where moiré patterns vary gently. Finally, the appropriate parameter of the PB can be obtained. The validity of the proposed design is verified in the experiment.

We propose an interpretation of moiré phenomenon in the image domain. The interpretation is basically based on the analysis of the waveform of the line families. The period, angle, and intensity profile of moiré fringes can be obtained directly in the image domain according to this interpretation. Moreover, pseudo-moiré can be interpreted visually with the consideration of the illusional contrast of the human visual system. The interpretation, which is consistent with the Fourier theory when the two superposed gratings are periodic, involves only the image domain and shows remarkable simplicity, just like the indicial equation method.