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13 results on '"Kondrlova, Elena"'

2. Biochar and biochar with N-fertilizer affect soil N2O emission in Haplic Luvisol

Author

Horak, Jan, Kondrlova, Elena, Igaz, Dusan, Simansky, Vladimir, Felber, Raphael, Lukac, Martin, Balashov, Eugene, and Bushkina, Natalya

Abstract

The benefits of biochar application are well described in tropical soils, however there is a dearth of information on its effects in agricultural temperate soils. An interesting and little explored interaction may occur in an intensive agriculture setting; biochar addition may modify the effect of commonplace N-fertilization.We conducted a field experiment to study the effects of biochar application at the rate of 0, 10 and 20 t ha−1 (B0, B10 and B20) in combination with 0, 40 and 80 kg N ha−1 of N-fertilizer (N0, N40, N80).We followed nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, analysed a series of soil physicochemical properties and measured barley yield in a Haplic Luvisol in Central Europe. Seasonal cumulative N2O emissions from B10N0 and B20N0 treatments decreased by 27 and 25% respectively, when compared to B0N0. Cumulative N2O emissions from N40 and N80 combined with B10 and B20 were also lower by 21, 19 and 25, 32%, respectively compared to controls B0N40 and B0N80. Average pH was significantly increased by biochar addition. Increased soil pH and reduces NO−3 content seen in biochar treatments could be the two possible mechanisms responsible for reduced N2O emissions. There was a statistically significant increase of soil water content in B20N0 treatment compared to B0N0 control, possibly as a result of larger surface area and the presence of microspores having altered pore size distribution and water-holding capacity of the soil. Application of biochar at the rate of 10 t ha−1 had a positive effect on spring barley grain yield.

Published
2017

5. BIOCHARS IN SOILS: TOWARDS THE REQUIRED LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING

Author

TAMMEORG, Priit, primary, BASTOS, Ana Catarina, additional, JEFFERY, Simon, additional, REES, Frédéric, additional, KERN, Jürgen, additional, GRABER, Ellen R., additional, VENTURA, Maurizio, additional, KIBBLEWHITE, Mark, additional, AMARO, António, additional, BUDAI, Alice, additional, CORDOVIL, Cláudia M. d. S., additional, DOMENE, Xavier, additional, GARDI, Ciro, additional, GASCÓ, Gabriel, additional, HORÁK, Ján, additional, KAMMANN, Claudia, additional, KONDRLOVA, Elena, additional, LAIRD, David, additional, LOUREIRO, Susana, additional, MARTINS, Martinho A. S., additional, PANZACCHI, Pietro, additional, PRASAD, Munoo, additional, PRODANA, Marija, additional, PUGA, Aline Peregrina, additional, RUYSSCHAERT, Greet, additional, SAS-PASZT, Lidia, additional, SILVA, Flávio C., additional, TEIXEIRA, Wenceslau Geraldes, additional, TONON, Giustino, additional, DELLE VEDOVE, Gemini, additional, ZAVALLONI, Costanza, additional, GLASER, Bruno, additional, and VERHEIJEN, Frank G. A., additional

Published
2016
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6. Biochars in soils: towards the required level of scientific understanding.

Author

Tammeorg, Priit, Bastos, Ana Catarina, Jeffery, Simon, Rees, Frédéric, Kern, Jürgen, Graber, Ellen R., Ventura, Maurizio, Kibblewhite, Mark, Amaro, António, Budai, Alice, Cordovil, Cláudia M. d. S., Domene, Xavier, Gardi, Ciro, Gascó, Gabriel, Horák, Ján, Kammann, Claudia, Kondrlova, Elena, Laird, David, Loureiro, Susana, and Martins, Martinho A. S.

Subjects
BIOCHAR -- Environmental aspects, SUSTAINABLE development, SOIL remediation
Abstract

Key priorities in biochar research for future guidance of sustainable policy development have been identified by expert assessment within the COST Action TD1107. The current level of scientific understanding (LOSU) regarding the consequences of biochar application to soil were explored. Five broad thematic areas of biochar research were addressed: soil biodiversity and ecotoxicology, soil organic matter and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, soil physical properties, nutrient cycles and crop production, and soil remediation. The highest future research priorities regarding biochar’s effects in soils were: functional redundancy within soil microbial communities, bioavailability of biochar’s contaminants to soil biota, soil organic matter stability, GHG emissions, soil formation, soil hydrology, nutrient cycling due to microbial priming as well as altered rhizosphere ecology, and soil pH buffering capacity. Methodological and other constraints to achieve the required LOSU are discussed and options for efficient progress of biochar research and sustainable application to soil are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2017
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11. EFFECT OF CONVENTIONAL TILLAGE AND REDUCED TILLAGE ON N2O EMISSION FROM A LOAMY SOIL UNDER SPRING BARLEY.

Author

Horak, Jan, Igaz, Dusan, Kondrlova, Elena, Cimo, Jan, Zembery, Jozef, and Candrakova, Eva

Subjects
TILLAGE, NO-tillage, LOAM soils, NITROUS oxide, NITROGEN fertilizers
Abstract

Implementation of minimalization techniques is an indirect measure resulting from ecological standards of the European Union for securing good agricultural and environmental conditions (GAEC) (ecological conditionality for direct payment obtaining also in condition of Slovak Republic). Soil tillage practices usually affect production and emission of nitrous oxide (N2O). The field study was conducted at the experimental site in Nitra region of Slovakia (lat. 48°19'00''; lon. 18°09'00'') during growing season (April-August) of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in 2012 on a long-term tillage field experiment initiated in 1994. The objective of this study was to compare two tillage methods (conventional tillage-CT and reduced tillage-RT) combined with unamended control (N0) and addition of nitrogen fertilizers (N1). Experiment was arranged in a split plot design with tillage as the main plots and fertilizer rates as the sub-plots with three replicates. N2O emission decreased in order CT>RT where cumulative N2O fluxes from CT with N0 treatment (3.85 kg N2O-N ha-1) were higher by 43% compared to the RT (2.69 kg N2O-N ha-1). Addition of nitrogen fertilizer decreased the mitigation effect of reduced tillage and cumulative N2O fluxes from CT with N1 treatment (3.92 kg N2O-N ha-1) were higher by 13% compared to the RT (3.48 kg N2O-N ha-1). Since the conventionally tilled soils were better aerated, the soil aeration and diffusivity might played the role in higher emissions from CT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013

13. Soil Particle Size Analysis by Laser Diffractometry: Result Comparison with Pipette Method

Author

Sinkovicova, Miroslava, Igaz, Dusan, Kondrlova, Elena, and Jarosova, Miriam

Abstract

Soil texture as the basic soil physical property provides a basic information on the soil grain size distribution as well as grain size fraction representation. Currently, there are several methods of particle dimension measurement available that are based on different physical principles. Pipette method based on the different sedimentation velocity of particles with different diameter is considered to be one of the standard methods of individual grain size fraction distribution determination. Following the technical advancement, optical methods such as laser diffraction can be also used nowadays for grain size distribution determination in the soil. According to the literature review of domestic as well as international sources related to this topic, it is obvious that the results obtained by laser diffractometry do not correspond with the results obtained by pipette method. The main aim of this paper was to analyse 132 samples of medium fine soil, taken from the Nitra River catchment in Slovakia, from depths of 15-20 cm and 40-45 cm, respectively, using laser analysers: ANALYSETTE 22 MicroTec plus (Fritsch GmbH) and Mastersizer 2000 (Malvern Instruments Ltd). The results obtained by laser diffractometry were compared with pipette method and the regression relationships using linear, exponential, power and polynomial trend were derived. Regressions with the three highest regression coefficients (R2) were further investigated. The fit with the highest tightness was observed for the polynomial regression. In view of the results obtained, we recommend using the estimate of the representation of the clay fraction (<0.01 mm) polynomial regression, to achieve a highest confidence value R2 at the depths of 15-20 cm 0.72 (Analysette 22 MicroTec plus) and 0.95 (Mastersizer 2000), from a depth of 40-45 cm 0.90 (Analysette 22 MicroTec plus) and 0.96 (Mastersizer 2000). Since the percentage representation of clayey particles (2nd fraction according to the methodology of Complex Soil Survey done in Slovakia) in soil is the determinant for soil type specification, we recommend using the derived relationships in soil science when the soil texture analysis is done according to laser diffractometry. The advantages of laser diffraction method comprise the short analysis time, usage of small sample amount, application for the various grain size fraction and soil type classification systems, and a wide range of determined fractions. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on this issue further to address the needs of soil science research and attempt to replace the standard pipette method with more progressive laser diffraction method.

Published
2017

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