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Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a common consequence of electrolyte and dehydration abnormalities that affect individuals with type-1 diabetes. DKA is a major diabetic complication worldwide. Clinical details: We have presented a male patient aging 31years with abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting(nonprojectile), shortness of breath Grade IV for 1 day, altered sensorium as well as diarrhea (every day, five watery bowel movements) for 2 days.). The laboratories results showed that the person had with an anion gap of 21 with positive ketones, low bicarbonate & high blood glucose, urine glucose and high circulating blood ketones are strongly positive. Based on the laboratory findings patient has confirmed with DKA. The patient has been referred to the ICU Hehas begun with insulin drip and serum electrolytes after every four hours (potassium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, & chloride). Outcomes: The patient has begun with insulin drip and serum electrolytes for every four hours (potassium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, & chloride). After the initiation of insulin treatment, potassium levels were shifted intracellularly and serum levels were declined.Insulin stimulated the transcellular potassium transmission and patient has developed with hypokalemia. Conclusion: Pulmonary edema may develop in DKA patients for the same causes as cerebral edema. Be careful of potential fluid loss overcorrection, although it rarely occurs. DKA prevention requires more research and collaboration among inpatient and outpatient clinicians and patient education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

A new facile ionic liquid mediated proficient method is developed for the synthesis of structurally new thiazepine and oxazepine derivatives of thiazolidine 2,4-dione. This protocol proceeds through, one-pot between fused cyclic ketone, substituted aromatic aldehyde, 2-amino phenol and 2-amino thiobenzene at room temperature to yield structurally new derivatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

A simple four‐component reaction of aldehydes, malononitrile, isocyanates and cyclic secondary amines yields fully substituted pyrroles by mild heating in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]