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2. Metabolic Complications of Severe Malaria

Author

Planche, T., Dzeing, A., Ngou-Milama, E., Kombila, M., Stacpoole, P. W., Compans, R. W., editor, Cooper, M. D., editor, Honjo, T., editor, Koprowski, H., editor, Melchers, F., editor, Oldstone, M. B. A., editor, Olsnes, S., editor, Potter, M., editor, Vogt, P. K., editor, Wagner, H., editor, Sullivan, David J., editor, and Krishna, Sanjeev, editor

Published
2005
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5. Lactic acidosis in Gabonese children with severe malaria is unrelated to dehydration

Author

Jarvis, J.N., Planche, T., Bicanic, T., Dzeing-Ella, A., Kombila, M., Issifou, S., Borrmann, S., Kremsner, P.G., and Krishna, S.

Subjects
Malaria -- Development and progression, Malaria -- Complications and side effects, Malaria -- Patient outcomes, Lactic acidosis -- Research, Dehydration (Physiology) -- Research, Children -- Diseases, Children -- Physiological aspects, Children -- Research, Health, Health care industry
Published
2006

12. Mortality patterns and site heterogeneity of severe malaria in African children

Author

Kendjo, E, Agbenyega, T, Bojang, K, Newton, CR, Bouyou-Akotet, M, Pedross, F, Kombila, M, Helbok, R, and Kremsner, PG

Subjects
Male, Pediatric Critical Care, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Time Factors, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Pediatrics, Population Metrics, Cause of Death, parasitic diseases, Death Rate, Parasitic Diseases, Humans, Hospital Mortality, Malaria, Falciparum, lcsh:Science, Pediatric Epidemiology, Biology, Africa South of the Sahara, Population Biology, lcsh:R, Infant, Malaria, Plasmodium Falciparum, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Medicine, lcsh:Q, Female, Research Article
Abstract

BACKGROUND: In this study we aimed to assess site heterogeneity of early, intermediate, and late mortality prediction in children with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: Medical records of 26,036 children admitted with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in six hospital research centers between December 2000 to May 2005 were analyzed. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of children who died within 24 hours (early), between 24 and 47 hours (intermediate) and thereafter (48 hours or later, late mortality) were compared between groups and survivors. RESULTS: Overall mortality was 4·3% (N = 1,129). Median time to death varied across sites (P

Published
2016

14. Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infection in children is associated with increased auto-antibody production, high IL-10 plasma levels and antibodies to merozoite surface protein 3

Author

Guiyedi, V, Becavin, C, Herbert, F, Gray, J, Cazenave, P-A, Kombila, M, Crisanti, A, Fesel, C, and Pied, S

Subjects
Male, Auto-antibody, Antibody response, Plasmodium falciparum, Malaria, Cytokines, B-CELL RESPONSES, POLYCLONAL ACTIVATION, NATURAL ANTIBODIES, GABONESE CHILDREN, SERUM ANTIBODIES, CEREBRAL MALARIA, CENTRAL INDIA, PROTECTION, IGG, REACTIVITIES, education, Protozoan Proteins, Antibodies, Protozoan, Antigens, Protozoan, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, 1108 Medical Microbiology, Tropical Medicine, parasitic diseases, Humans, Gabon, Malaria, Falciparum, Asymptomatic Infections, health care economics and organizations, Autoantibodies, Science & Technology, Research, Infant, Interleukin-10, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Female, Parasitology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine
Abstract

Background Mechanisms of acquired protection to malaria in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum carriers are only partially understood. Among them, the role plays by the self-reactive antibodies has not been clarified yet. In this study, the relationship between repertoires of circulating self-reactive and parasite-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), their correlation with cytokine levels, and their association with protection against malaria was investigated in asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum-infected Gabonese children. Methods The diversity of P. falciparum-specific antibody repertoire was analysed using a protein micro-array immunoassay, the total auto-antibody repertoire by quantitative immunoblotting and circulating cytokine levels were measured by ELISA in endemic controls (EC) and P. falciparum-infected children from Gabon with asymptomatic (AM) or mild malaria (MM). The association of self- and parasite-specific antibody repertoires with circulating cytokines was evaluated using single linkage hierarchical clustering, Kruskal – Wallis tests and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results Children with AM exhibited an IgG response to merozoite surface protein 3 (MSP3) but not to MSP1-19, although their levels of total P. falciparum-specific IgG were similar to those in the MM group. Moreover, the asymptomatic children had increased levels of autoantibodies recognising brain antigens. In addition, a correlation between IL-10 levels and parasite load was found in AM and MM children. These two groups also exhibited significant correlations between plasma levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ with age and with total plasma IgG levels. IL-10 and IFN-γ levels were also associated with auto-antibody responses in AM. Conclusions Altogether, these results indicate that a self-reactive polyclonal response associated with increased IgG to MSP3 and high plasma levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ may contribute to protective immune mechanisms triggered in asymptomatic P. falciparum infection in Gabonese children. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0658-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2015

19. Microsporum gypseumcomplex in man and animals

Author

De Vroey C, Berthonneau M, Contet-Audonneau N, Demange C, Miegeville M, Kombila M, and Percebois G

Subjects
Nannizzia corniculata, Infectious Diseases, biology, Medical mycology, Microsporum gypseum, General Medicine, Fungi imperfecti, Microsporum boullardii, biology.organism_classification, Nannizzia gypsea, Nannizzia incurvata, Sexual reproduction, Microbiology
Abstract

Twenty-eight strains of the Microsporum gypseum complex isolated from humans and animals were studied. The perfect form was found for 25 of the isolates. Nannizzia incurvata was the species most frequently involved in human pathology, while Nannizzia gypsea was most frequently found on animal lesions. Nannizzia fulva was rarely involved pathologically and Nannizzia corniculata was not isolated during this study. It is surprising to note that this species was not found even though most of our strains (22/28) came from Africa. Reliable methods are not available for differentiating among the anamorphs, which are commonly called M. gypseum, Microsporum fulvum or Microsporum boullardii. The Sabouraud medium conventionally used for medical mycology makes almost no distinction among them. We found that the species could be easily distinguished by colonial and microscopic features when grown on Takashio medium. When strains are atypical, sexual reproduction remains the reference technique but, in most cases, Taka...

Published
1992

20. Evidence of decline of malaria in the general hospital of Libreville, Gabon from 2000 to 2008

Author

Bouyou-Akotet, MK, Mawili-Mboumba, DP, Kendjo, E, Mabika-Mamfoumbi, M, Ngoungou, EB, Dzeing-Ella, A, Pemba-Mihindou, M, Ibinga, E, Efame-Eya, E, MCRU team, Planche, T, Kremsner, PG, and Kombila, M

Subjects
parasitic diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Substantial decline in malaria transmission, morbidity and mortality has been reported in several countries where new malaria control strategies have been implemented. In Gabon, the national malaria policy changed in 2003, according to the WHO recommendations. The trend in malaria morbidity was evaluated among febrile children before and after their implementation in Libreville, the capital city of Gabon.\ud \ud METHODS: From August 2000 to December 2008, febrile paediatric outpatients and inpatients, under 11 years of age, were screened for malaria by microscopic examination at the Malaria Clinical Research Unit (MCRU) located in the largest public hospital in Gabon. Climatic data were also collected.\ud \ud RESULTS: In total, 28,092 febrile children were examined; those under five years always represented more than 70%. The proportion of malaria-positive slides was 45% in 2000, and declined to 15% in 2008. The median age of children with a positive blood smear increased from 24(15-48) to 41(21-72) months over the study period (p < 0.01). Rainfall patterns had no impact on the decline observed throughout the study period.\ud \ud CONCLUSION: The decrease of malaria prevalence among febrile children during the last nine years is observed following the introduction of new strategies of malaria cases management, and may announce epidemiological changes. Moreover, preventive measures must be extended to children older than five years.

Published
2009

22. Relationship between cerebral Malaria and Epilepsy : a case-control study in Libreville, Gabon

Author

Ngoungou, Eb, Koko, J., Assengone-Zeh, Y., Launay, Mn, Engohang, E., Moubeka-Mounguengui, M., Kouna, Pn, Loembe, Pm, Pierre-Marie Preux, Kombila, M., Druet-Cabanac, M., Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale et Comparée (NETEC), Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Service de l'Information Médicale et de l'Évaluation [CHU Limoges] (SIME), CHU Limoges, Laboratoire de Biostatistique et d'Informatique Médicale, Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Département de Parasitologie, Mycologie et Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine-Université de Libreville, Service de Santé au Travail [CHU Limoges], and Grelier, Elisabeth

Subjects
[SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2005

29. The relationship between microfilaraemic and amicrofilaraemic loiasis involving co-infection with Mansonella perstans and clinical symptoms in an exposed population from Gabon.

Author

Akotet, M. K. Bouyou, Owono-Medang, M., Mawili-Mboumba, D. P., Moussavou-Boussougou, M. N., Afène, S. Nzenze, Kendjo, E., and Kombila, M.

Subjects
LOAIASIS, MICROSCOPY, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research, CALABAR bean
Abstract

The relationship between the frequency of loiasis objective symptoms and microfilaraemic or amicrofilaraemic infection was assessed in 1148 exposed patients also infected, or not, with Mansonella perstans. Filarial infections were detected by direct microscopy, leucoconcentration and serology, with prevalence values of 39.5% Loa loa, 5.6% M. perstans and 3.4% co-infection with both filarial species. Amicrofilaraemic or occult loiasis (OL) predominated among L. loainfected individuals, with a prevalence of 58.2%. Hypermicrofilaraemia (> 8000 microfilariae (mf)/ml) was found in 18.4% of L. loa microfilaraemic patients, with 25.7% of them harbouring more than 30,000 mf/ml. Up to 34% of patients with OL showed evidence of Calabar swelling, compared with 26.3% of microfilaraemic patients (P = 0.03). Overall 5.3% of patients presented with adult worm migration across the eye, representing 16.3% of microfilaraemic individuals and 11.4% of amicrofilaraemic patients (P = 0.13). This symptom was similarly found in patients with more than 30,000 mf/ml (22%), those with microfilaraemia between 8 and 30,000 mf/ml (15.4%) and also in individuals with low or without microfilaraemia (16.1%) (P = 0.7). Five (14.3%) hypermicrofilaraemic patients did not present any L. loa-specific objective symptoms, as well as all the patients with single M. perstans infection. The presence of adult eye worm migration as a strong predictor of high microfilaraemia density would obscure the real burden of L. loa hypermicrofilaraemia in exposed individuals. For epidemiological purposes and control strategies, the mapping of L. loa in endemic areas should also take into account the group of patients with occult loiasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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30. Decrease of microscopic Plasmodium falciparum infection prevalence during pregnancy following IPTp-SP implementation in urban cities of Gabon.

Author

Bouyou-Akotet, M. K., Mawili-Mboumba, D. P., Kendjo, E., Chiesa, S. Moutandou, Mbuyi, M. L. Tshibola, Tsoumbou-Bakana, G., Zong, J., Ambounda, N., and Kombila, M.

Subjects
PLASMODIUM falciparum, PREGNANCY complications, MALARIA treatment, MALARIA prevention, DISEASE prevalence
Abstract

Background: Six years after the implementation of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) in Gabon, its impact on placental malaria and pregnancy outcomes remains unknown. Methods: Age, gestational data, use of IPTp-SP and birth weight were recorded during a hospital-based crosssectional survey performed in 2011 in 387 women at the end of pregnancy. Results: Malaria prevalence was 6.7 and 5.3% in peripheral and placental blood respectively. Overall, 59.0% women took at least two IPTp-SP doses, which was associated with 50% reduction of Plasmodium; (P.) falciparum infection in primigravidae. Previous malaria treatment was a risk factor for peripheral P. falciparum infection, while uptake of IPTp-SP was associated with reduced parasitaemia. Anaemia prevalence was 38.0%, low birth weight and prematurity rates were 6.0 and 12.0%, respectively. Young age was associated with a higher frequency of malaria, anaemia, low birth weight and preterm delivery (p<0.01). Birth weight significantly rose with increasing age (p<0.01), parity (p=0.03) and number of SP doses (p=0.03). A birth weight reduction of 230 g in case of peripheral parasitaemia (p=0.02) and of 210 g with placental parasitaemia (p=0.13) was observed. Conclusions: Microscopic P. falciparum prevalence during pregnancy significantly declined between 2005 and 2011, following IPTp-SP implementation in Gabon. Young women and paucigravidae remain the most susceptible to malaria and associated outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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31. Stratégies de Lutte et de Surveillance dans le Paludisme et les Trypanosomiases

Author

Chambon, R., Boudin, Christian, Lemardeley, P., Obate Zo' O., Ndzinga Obona, Fouossong, B., Moudzehou, H., Louya, G.F., Sakazébi, P., Ndounga, M., Oko Ossoh, J., Nguema, M., Edo Nsue, M., Foumane, V., Chandenier, J., Mabika, M., Owono Medang, M., Pakou, J., and Kombila, M.

Subjects
AMODIAQUINE, ENFANT D'AGE SCOLAIRE, TEST IN VIVO, SENSIBILITE RESISTANCE, SURVEILLANCE, PALUDISME, AGENT PATHOGENE, CHLOROQUINE
Published
1997

32. Association of a new mannose-binding lectin variant with severe malaria in Gabonese children.

Author

Boldt, A.B., Luty, J.F., Grobusch, M.P., Dietz, K., Dzeing, A., Kombila, M., Kremsner, P.G., Kun, J.F., Boldt, A.B., Luty, J.F., Grobusch, M.P., Dietz, K., Dzeing, A., Kombila, M., Kremsner, P.G., and Kun, J.F.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, Mannose-binding lectin (MBL2) variants that decrease the plasma level of the protein or encode dysfunctional proteins are frequently associated with the severity of a number of infections and autoimmune disorders. The high frequencies of these variants in most populations of the world are probably maintained by some selective advantage against widespread diseases. We found 14 new MBL2 allelic haplotypes, two of them with non-synonymous variants, by screening 136 children with uncomplicated malaria, 131 children with severe malaria and 39 older healthy schoolchildren. We also found a significant association of a novel variant with susceptibility to severe malaria (P=0.010). Increased MBL plasma levels and corresponding MBL2 genotypes were associated with lower concentration of several cytokines and chemokines in plasma of malaria patients. We suggest that malaria could have been one of the evolutionary driving forces shaping the MBL2 polymorphism in the African population.

Published
2006

34. A Simplified Intravenous Artesunate Regimen for Severe Malaria-Reply

Author

Kremsner, P. G., primary, Taylor, T., additional, Issifou, S., additional, Kombila, M., additional, Chimalizeni, Y., additional, Kawaza, K., additional, Bouyou Akotet, M. K., additional, Duscha, M., additional, Mordmuller, B., additional, Kosters, K., additional, Humberg, A., additional, Scott Miller, R., additional, Weina, P., additional, Duparc, S., additional, Mohrle, J., additional, Kun, J. F. J., additional, Planche, T., additional, Teja-Isavadharm, P., additional, Simpson, J. A., additional, Kohler, C., additional, and Krishna, S., additional

Published
2012
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35. Depressed natural killer cell cytotoxicity against Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes during first pregnancies.

Author

Bouyou-Akotet, M.K., Issifou, S., Meye, J.F., Kombila, M., Ngou-Milama, E., Luty, J.F., Kremsner, P.G., Mavoungou, E., Bouyou-Akotet, M.K., Issifou, S., Meye, J.F., Kombila, M., Ngou-Milama, E., Luty, J.F., Kremsner, P.G., and Mavoungou, E.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, We measured natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and cortisol and prolactin concentrations in peripheral venous blood samples obtained from pregnant Gabonese women at the time of delivery. The NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity against Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in vitro was lower in samples obtained from primiparous women than in samples obtained from multiparous women; cortisol concentrations were significantly higher in primiparous women than in multiparous women, and prolactin concentrations were significantly lower. The highest cortisol concentrations were found in the plasma of P. falciparum-infected primiparous women. A positive correlation was found between cortisol concentration and parasite load; an inverse correlation was found between the magnitude of the NK cell cytolytic effect and cortisol production. A positive correlation was found between this effect and prolactin production. Thus, depressed NK cell cytotoxicity against P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes is correlated with high cortisol concentrations and may contribute to increased susceptibility to malaria during pregnancy.

Published
2004

43. FIRST RECORD OF AEDES ALBOPICTUS IN GABON

Author

COFFINET, T., primary, MOUROU, J.R., additional, PRADINES, B., additional, TOTO, J.C., additional, JARJAVAL, F., additional, AMALVICT, R., additional, KOMBILA, M., additional, CARNEVALE, P., additional, and PAGÈS, F., additional

Published
2007
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44. Pharmacokinetics of two paediatric artesunate mefloquine drug formulations in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Gabon

Author

Ramharter, M., primary, Kurth, F. M., additional, Belard, S., additional, Bouyou-Akotet, M. K., additional, Mamfoumbi, M. M., additional, Agnandji, S. T., additional, Missinou, M. A., additional, Adegnika, A. A., additional, Issifou, S., additional, Cambon, N., additional, Heidecker, J. L., additional, Kombila, M., additional, and Kremsner, P. G., additional

Published
2007
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