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Copyright of Lithuanian Journal of Physics is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue de Stomatologie & de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale is the property of Masson SPA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The plasma produced by a Nd-Yag laser above a metal surface is measured by time resolved optical spectroscopy. The emission of atoms, ions and diatomics is observed for silver, copper and molybdenum. (Cu, ωe=263.3 cm X-state, 189.8 cm A-state). From these small species clusters are formed with a size distribution between 10 and 80 Å diameter measured by electron microscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The main objective was to evaluate the efficacy of intranasal photodynamic therapy (PDT) in SARS-CoV-2 mildly symptomatic carriers on decreasing the infectivity period. SARS-CoV-2-specific immune-stimulating effects and safety were also analysed., Methods: We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial in a tertiary hospital (NCT05184205). Patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR in the last 48 hours were recruited and aleatorily assigned to PDT or placebo. Patients with pneumonia were excluded. Participants and investigators were masked to group assignment. The primary outcome was the reduction in in vitro infectivity of nasopharyngeal samples at days 3 and 7. Additional outcomes included safety assessment and quantification of humoral and T-cell immune-responses., Findings: Patients were recruited between December 2021 and February 2022. Most were previously healthy adults vaccinated against COVID-19 and most carried Omicron variant. 38 patients were assigned to placebo and 37 to PDT. Intranasal PDT reduced infectivity at day 3 post-treatment when compared to placebo with a β-coefficient of -812.2 (CI95%= -478660 - -1.3, p<0.05) infectivity arbitrary units. The probability of becoming PCR negative (ct>34) at day 7 was higher on the PDT-group, with an OR of 0.15 (CI95%=0.04-0.58). There was a decay in anti-Spike titre and specific SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity in the placebo group 10 and 20 weeks after infection, but not in the PDT-group. No serious adverse events were reported., Interpretation: Intranasal-PDT is safe in pauci-symptomatic COVID-19 patients, it reduces SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and decelerates the decline SARS-CoV-2 specific immune-responses., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Fernandez-Montero, Zuaznabar, Pina-Sanchez, Maestro, Martin-Navarro, Muñoz-Rodríguez, Olagüe, Pastrana, Martínez-Fernández, Camps, Rodriguez, Marchese, Zazpe, Pozuelo, Del Pozo, Quiroga, Pineda-Lucena, Reina, Kolenda, Moreno-Galarraga, Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza, Rua, Smerdou, Carmona-Torre and Argemi.)

Objective: Cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) contribute to poor outcome following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). With the paucity of effective treatments, the authors describe their experience with intrathecal (IT) nicardipine for this indication., Methods: Patients admitted to the Emory University Hospital neuroscience ICU between 2012 and 2017 with nontraumatic SAH, either aneurysmal or idiopathic, were included in the analysis. Using a propensity-score model, this patient cohort was compared to patients in the Subarachnoid Hemorrhage International Trialists (SAHIT) repository who did not receive IT nicardipine. The primary outcome was DCI. Secondary outcomes were long-term functional outcome and adverse events., Results: The analysis included 1351 patients, 422 of whom were diagnosed with cerebral vasospasm and treated with IT nicardipine. When compared with patients with no vasospasm (n = 859), the treated group was significantly younger (mean age 51.1 ± 12.4 years vs 56.7 ± 14.1 years, p < 0.001), had a higher World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies score and modified Fisher grade, and were more likely to undergo clipping of the ruptured aneurysm as compared to endovascular treatment (30.3% vs 11.3%, p < 0.001). Treatment with IT nicardipine decreased the daily mean transcranial Doppler velocities in 77.3% of the treated patients. When compared to patients not receiving IT nicardipine, treatment was not associated with an increased rate of bacterial ventriculitis (3.1% vs 2.7%, p > 0.1), yet higher rates of ventriculoperitoneal shunting were noted (19.9% vs 8.8%, p < 0.01). In a propensity score comparison to the SAHIT database, the odds ratio (OR) to develop DCI with IT nicardipine treatment was 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.44-0.84), and the OR to have a favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2) was 2.17 (95% CI 1.61-2.91)., Conclusions: IT nicardipine was associated with improved outcome and reduced DCI compared with propensity-matched controls. There was an increased need for permanent CSF diversion but no other safety issues. These data should be considered when selecting medications and treatments to study in future randomized controlled clinical trials for SAH.

Background: Facial suspension threads have been successfully used for facial soft-tissue repositioning. When using facial suspension threads, it is unclear which technique and/or material has the greatest lifting effect for the middle and lower face or which technique/material best reduces the appearance of the jowls., Material and Methods: Three female and 2 male cephalic specimens of Caucasian ethnicity (65.2 ± 8.3 years; 20.72 ± 2.6 kg/m) were analyzed in an upright secured position. Polydioxanone and polycaprolactone bidirectional barbed facial suspension threads were introduced by an 18 G, 100 mm cannula. The single-vector technique aimed toward the labiomandibular sulcus, and the dual-vector technique aimed toward the labiomandibular sulcus and the mandibular angle. Computation of vertical lifting, horizontal lifting, and volume reduction at the jowls and along the jawline were calculated using 3D imaging., Results: The dual-vector technique effected a greater vertical lifting effect (4.45 ± 2.78 mm vs 2.99 ± 2.23 mm) but a reduced horizontal lifting effect (0.33 ± 1.34 mm vs 0.49 ± 1.32 mm). The dual-vector technique effected less volume reduction at the jowls 0.32 ± 0.24 cc versus 0.41 ± 0.46 cc and less volume reduction along the jawline 0.46 ± 0.48 cc versus 0.87 ± 0.53 cc (dual-vector vs single-vector)., Conclusion: This study provides evidence resulting from cadaveric observations for the overall nonsuperiority of the dual-vector technique compared with the single-vector technique.