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Inverted papilloma belongs to the group of benign tumours of the nose and paranasal sinuses which, despite its benign nature, poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The expansion of this type of tumour to the anterior cranial fossa without malignant transformation is rarely observed. The prognosis depends on the presence of infiltration of the dura mater and the completeness of the surgical procedure. The aim of the paper is to describe two cases of patients with inverted papilloma with bilateral extension into the frontal sinuses, anterior cranial fossa and orbit, removed in one case through a transfacial approach and bilateral frontal craniotomy and in the other case through endoscopic access in cooperation with the neurosurgeon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Hyperplastic lesions of oral cavity and throat, despite being relatively accessible in the objective examination, are often discovered accidentally, at the level of considerable clinical advances. The majority of hyperplastic lesions in this area has its source in palatal tonsils, and mostly applies to smokers or people abusing alcohol. The authors present a clinical case of a patient who admitted extreme sanitary neglects and draw attention to the problems of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as to widely understood social aspects. Worth emphasizing are: the role of a family physician, organization and efficiency of a general medical care, social care and the availability of palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a growing health problem in the world. Patients' complaints are not always reflected in objective tests, which may hinder the decision about surgical treatment. The aim of the study was to compare the results of objective tests assessing the severity of lesions i.e. endoscopy and CT, with the results of subjective tests. Methods. The study comprised 130 patients with CRS aged 46.9 ± 14.5 (range 19-82 years), admitted to the Department of Laryngology and Laryngological Oncology between July 1 and October 31, 2019 and qualified for ESS in accordance with EPOS 2012 guidelines (update to EPOS 2020). Subjective Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT) and objective, endoscopic (Lund-Kenne-dy) and tomographic (Lund-Mackay), tests were performed in all the patients. The data on smoking, atopy, co-morbidities and previous operations were obtained. Results. A significant correlation was found between the results of subjective tests and the extent of inflammatory lesions in the sinus CT and nasal endoscopy. Education, smoking, atopy, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus did not influence the subjective assessment results. Patients with diabetes mellitus had a significantly higher Lund-Mackay score. SNOT-22, SNOT-12 and VAS scores were significantly higher in female patients. Significant differences were found among subgroups of patients with different BSIT scores and both the Lund-Mackay score and the Lund-Kennedy score. Conclusion. Subjective assessment of CRS-related complaints is a good indicator for making further therapeutic decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the commonest chronic diseases. It is a systemic disease caused by many factors, including bacterial infections. There are two main types of CRS phenotypes: with polyps (CRSwNP) and without polyps (CRSsNP)., Aim: Analysis of sinus mucosal microbiome in patients with CRS depending on the phenotype. Investigating a possible link between the type of bacterial flora and the coexistence of diseases present in the CRS (asthma, allergy or hypersensitivity to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as well as the number of performed operations., Material and Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective study of the bacterial flora of the nasal cavity in patients with CRS operated endoscopically from March 2016 to June 2017. The study consisted od 222 women and 248 men. On the basis of an endoscopic examination, patients were qualified for the phenotype with or without polyps. Based on the medical interview patients were divided into group with asthma, allergy, NSAID hypersensitivity, first and repeated operations. The statistical analysis was made., Results: There is no statistically significant relationship ( p = 0.8519) between the CRS penotypes. In the group with CRSsNP, a statistically significant relationship was found between the observed flora and the coexistence of asthma ( p = 0.0409), a trend towards significance was also noticed in the case of allergy ( p = 0.0947). There was no relationship between the flora and NSAID hypersensitivity ( p = 0.7356). In the group of CRSwNP patients, no statistically significant relationship was found between the observed bacterial flora and the presence of asthma ( p = 0.7393), hypersensitivity to drugs ( p = 0.1509) or allergy ( p = 0.7427). There is no statistical significance between the occurrence of particular flora and the multiplicity of operations in both the CRSwNP ( p = 0.4609) and CRSsNP phenotypes ( p = 0.2469)., Conclusions: Gram-positive cocci were equally common in CRSwNP and CRSsNP. In the CRSsNP, there was a correlation between the coexistence of asthma and allergy, and the presence of Gram-positive cocci. There was no statistical significance between the occurrence of particular flora and the multiplicity of operations in both CRS phenotypes., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Termedia.)

Introduction: CRS is a complex systemic disease affecting more than 10% of the population. There are two main types of CRS phenotypes: CRSwNP and CRSsNP. In the Caucasian population, the prevalence of inflammation markers typical of the Th1 profile is observed in CRSsNP, whereas Th2 and Th17 in CRSwNP. Th2 inflammation is observed in the CRSwNP phenotype with concomitant allergies, asthma or hypersensitivity to NSAIDs., Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate, based on the authors' own material, whether allergies, asthma or hypersensitivity to NSAIDs were a risk factor for the development of a specific CRS phenotype. An attempt was also made to investigate the influence of comorbidities on the extent of sinus endoscopic procedures, which depended on the severity of inflammation., Methods: In the years 2006-2015, ESS was performed on 2217 patients with different CRS phenotypes. Patients with an allergy, bronchial asthma and hypersensitivity to NSAIDs were subjected to analysis., Results: Based on logistic regression, it was found that among the mentioned comorbidities, only asthma (P < 0.0001) and hypersensitivity to NSAIDs (P = 0.0007) significantly affect the occurrence of the phenotype with polyps, whereas the impact of allergies is statistically insignificant (P = 0.1909). The relationship between the type of ESS and CRS phenotypes is statistically significant (P < 0.0001)., Conclusions: Bronchial asthma and hypersensitivity to NSAIDs have a statistically significant effect on the occurrence of the CRSwNP phenotype. This effect was not observed in allergies. The impact of allergies, asthma and hypersensitivity on the phenotype was observed in the group of patients subjected to the most extensive surgery (ESS 4).

Introduction: Chronic sinusitis (CRS) is phenotypically divided into inflammation with polyps (CRSwNP) or without polyps (CRSsNP)., Aim: To try to explain the reasons for isolated sinusitis by analysing medical history as well as anatomical and bacteriological data., Material and Methods: In 2016, endoscopic surgery was performed in 103 patients with CRSsNP within 6 months. The authors evaluated 28 patients with lesions in one sinus., Results: The patients did not report any previous facial trauma, dental procedures, there were no odontogenic causes of the disease. They had not been treated with antibiotics within 30 days prior to admission to hospital. Ninety-seven bacterial strains were grown, of which 32 in patients with isolated nasal sinusitis. Statistical analysis has shown that there is a trend toward a statistically significant ( p = 0.0868) relationship between the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and the type of inflammation., Conclusions: There is an indication that the presence of Staphylococcus aureus is associated with isolated sinusitis, especially in women.

Aim of the Study: Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of tumours of lymphoid tissue in which there is an abnormal proliferation of cells of the lymphatic system. The literature notes a gradual increase in the incidence of this type of cancer in the whole population. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the above tendency occurs in the head and neck area., Material and Methods: In the years 2005-2014, at the Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology Department of the Upper Silesian Medical Centre in Katowice, 77 cases of lymphoma were recorded, 58 of which were analysed in terms of location, histological type, age and sex of the patient, and the presence of risk factors., Results: The vast majority of them were non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) - 67.53%. Hodgkin's lymphomas (HL) accounted for only a small fraction of diagnoses (7.79%). In terms of histopathological types, in most cases of NHL, there occurred diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) - 51.92%. The most common location was the lymph nodes, representing the location of the primary lesion in more than half of the cases. As regards the extranodal location, the Waldeyer ring dominated (54.54%) along with the palatal tonsil (40.90%). There has been a significant upward trend, especially in the incidence of NHL., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Graves' disease may result in significant proptosis that causes visual loss. This has been traditionally managed surgically by external bony skeleton decompression. Tran nasal endoscopic orbital decompression is as a new technique that avoids the need for cutaneous or gingival incisions. Decompression of the medial orbital wall can be performed up to the anterior wall of the sphenoid sinus. This technique produces decompression which is comparable to external techniques. The authors present an emergency case of endoscopic orbital decompression in Graves'-Basedov patient with loss of vision. Vision recovery was immediately after endoscopic transnasal decompression. Endoscopic orbital decompression is recommended as an alternative to traditional decompression techniques.

In the article the authors made the review of actinomycosis bibliography. They also presented characteristic features infections enter ways, course of the disease, diagnostic tests and treatment methods. Two cases of face and neck actinomycosis were presented. All of them treated in Katowice-Ochojec Hospital ENT ward in last five years. Abnormal clinic symptoms made difficulty to put the diagnosis. Satisfactory results were achieved after set up final diagnosis and proper treatment.