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Polypeptide complexes derived from the bronchi, blood vessels, muscles, kidneys, ovaries, testes, and retina stimulated the processes of cell renewal in organotypic cultures of the corresponding organs of young and old animals. A correlation between the intensity of regeneration and animal' age was revealed. The polypeptide complexes reduced the expression of apoptotic factors p53 and caspase 3 and increased the expression of proliferation protein Ki-67. These results provide the basis for further study of the polypeptide complexes as stimulators of regenerative processes in different tissues during ageing.

The review covers the main functions of the family of adhesion molecules JAMs (Junctional adhesion molecules). This review provides information about the role of the molecules JAM-AH, JAM-BH and JAM-CF in the occurrence of pathological conditions, including diseases of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, atherosclerosis, thrombosis and malignant growth. A molecule JAM-C and JAM-C directly affect platelet’s adhesion to endothelial and dendritic cells, neutrophils, and other types of leukocytes, which makes their involvement in the regulation of hemostasis, and migration processes. JAM-A has an effect on the inflammatory response, leading to impaired cognitive function in HIV infection. JAM-B is involved in suppression of tumor growth in patients with Down syndrome. It is described the role of molecule JAM-A and JAM-C in the pathogenesis of hypertension, hypertensive crisis, atherosclerosis, cardiac abnormalities in the syndrome of Jacobson. Molecules JAM-B and JAM-C reduce the growth and invasion of human gliomas, and JAM-A has static effect against breast cancer. JAM-A molecule, JAM-B and JAM-C are involved in the development of inflammatory reactions and pathological neoangiogenesis in the cornea. The molecule JAM-C is involved in differentiation and polarization photoreceptors of the retina. The review provides own data of the authors, suggests the presence of epigenetic mechanisms of regulation of expression of the family of molecules JAMs, carried out with the direct participation of peptide geroprotectors.

Previously, we identified six serine/threonine protein kinases (STPK) of Bifidobacterium and named them Pkb1-Pkb6. In the present study, we optimized methods for isolation of the six STPK catalytic domains proteins of B. longum B379M: a method for isolation of Pkb3 and Pkb4 in native conditions, a method for isolation of Pkb5 in denaturing conditions, and a method for isolation of Pkb1, Pkb2, and Pkb6 from inclusion bodies. The dialysis conditions for the renaturation of the proteins were optimized. All of the enzymes were isolated in quantities sufficient for study of the protein activity. The proteins were homogeneous according to SDS-PAGE. The autophosphorylation ability of Pkb1, Pkb3, Pkb4, and Pkb6 was investigated for the first time. Autophosphorylation was detected only for the Pkb3 catalytic domain.

This review provides information about the structure and basic functions of the cytokine MIC-1/GDF15. MIC-1/GDF15 is normally contained not only in blood, but also expressed on cells of reproductive and nervous system. Its concentration increases in various diseases of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, thromboembolism, malignant tumors and other pathological conditions, the most common in the elderly. It was demonstrated that the correlation between the level of MIC-1/GDF15 and the severity of the pathological process, disease prognosis, including fatalities, therefore it was named "predictor of death". In gene promoter MIC-1/GDF15 was detected geroprotective binding sites for peptides Lys-Glu, Lys-Glu-Asp, and Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly. Probably, these peptides regulate the synthesis of MIC-1/GDF15, whereby its geroprotective effect may be accounted.