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1. Addictive potential of novel treatments for refractory depression and anxiety

Author

Kolar D

Subjects
Treatment resistant depression, anxiety, addiction, ketamine, cannabinoids, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Dusan Kolar Mood Disorders Research and Treatment Service, Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada Abstract: Treatment-resistant mood disorders and anxiety disorders require intensive treatment, but treatment options should balance benefits and adverse effects or other potential detrimental effects on patients, including the risk of developing prescription medication addiction. Some of the newer treatment modalities for mood and anxiety disorders may have similar properties to benzodiazepines. The goal of this review was to identify the potential for developing dependence on the novel treatment approaches to treatment-resistant depression and refractory anxiety disorders. PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched. Ketamine is effective in improving symptoms of major depressive disorder, but with no sustained benefits. Long-term use of oral or intranasal ketamine formulations may be associated with the risk of developing dependence. Augmentation of stimulant medication is usually effective for residual symptoms of depression, but the effects are usually short lasting and there is a potential for abuse. Synthetic cannabinoids and medicinal cannabis are increasingly being prescribed for a number of medical conditions, including anxiety disorders, without enough evidence about their efficacy and with the risk of patients developing dependence. In summary, benzodiazepines, ketamine, stimulant medications, and cannabinoids have some common characteristics, including short-lasting benefits and the risk of developing prescription medication addiction with longer use. All of these treatments may raise ethical dilemmas about the appropriateness of prescribing these medications in the long run for patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Keywords: treatment-resistant depression, anxiety, addiction, ketamine, cannabinoids

Published
2018

11. Gradual cold acclimation induces cardioprotection without affecting β-adrenergic receptor-mediated adenylyl cyclase signaling

Author

Tibenska, V., primary, Benesova, A., additional, Vebr, P., additional, Liptakova, A., additional, Hejnová, L., additional, Elsnicová, B., additional, Drahota, Z., additional, Hornikova, D., additional, Galatík, F., additional, Kolar, D., additional, Vybiral, S., additional, Alánová, P., additional, Novotný, J., additional, Kolar, F., additional, Novakova, O., additional, and Zurmanova, J. M., additional

Published
2020
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22. A randomized, controlled pilot clinical trial of cryopreserved platelets for perioperative surgical bleeding: the CLIP-I trial

Author

Reade, MC, Marks, DC, Bellomo, R, Deans, R, Faulke, DJ, Fraser, JF, Gattas, DJ, Holley, AD, Irving, DO, Johnson, L, Pearse, BL, Royse, AG, Wong, J, Weinberg, L, Eastwood, G, Peck, L, Young, H, Sidiropoulos, S, Baulch, S, Dalyell, A, Kolar, D, Martinelli, T, Reidy, Y, Caldwell, N, Royse, A, Tivendale, L, Bisignano, M, Hausler, M, Williams, Z, Dong, N, Buhr, H, Bannon, P, Cartwright, B, Turner, L, Gibson, J, Blayney, B, Beattie, L, Hutch, D, Coles, JWJ, Pearse, B, Faulke, D, Zeigenfuss, M, Tesar, P, Fraser, J, Perel, J, Kahn, C, Vincent, B, O'Brien, D, Holley, A, Irving, D, Reade, MC, Marks, DC, Bellomo, R, Deans, R, Faulke, DJ, Fraser, JF, Gattas, DJ, Holley, AD, Irving, DO, Johnson, L, Pearse, BL, Royse, AG, Wong, J, Weinberg, L, Eastwood, G, Peck, L, Young, H, Sidiropoulos, S, Baulch, S, Dalyell, A, Kolar, D, Martinelli, T, Reidy, Y, Caldwell, N, Royse, A, Tivendale, L, Bisignano, M, Hausler, M, Williams, Z, Dong, N, Buhr, H, Bannon, P, Cartwright, B, Turner, L, Gibson, J, Blayney, B, Beattie, L, Hutch, D, Coles, JWJ, Pearse, B, Faulke, D, Zeigenfuss, M, Tesar, P, Fraser, J, Perel, J, Kahn, C, Vincent, B, O'Brien, D, Holley, A, and Irving, D

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cryopreservation extends platelet (PLT) shelf life from 5 to 7 days to 2 to 4 years. However, only 73 patients have been transfused cryopreserved PLTs in published randomized controlled trials (RCTs), making safety data insufficient for regulatory approval. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The Cryopreserved vs. Liquid Platelet (CLIP) study was a double-blind, pilot, multicenter RCT involving high-risk cardiothoracic surgical patients in four Australian hospitals. The objective was to test, as the primary outcome, the feasibility and safety of the protocol. Patients were allocated to study group by permuted block randomization, with patients and clinicians blinded by use of an opaque shroud placed over each study PLT unit. Up to 3 units of cryopreserved or liquid-stored PLTs were administered per patient. No other aspect of patient care was affected. Adverse events were actively sought. RESULTS: A total of 121 patients were randomized, of whom 23 received cryopreserved PLTs and 18 received liquid-stored PLTs. There were no differences in blood loss (median, 715 mL vs. 805 mL at 24 hr; difference between groups 90 mL [95% CI, -343.8 to 163.8 mL], p = 0.41), but the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criterion for significant postoperative hemorrhage in cardiac surgery composite bleeding endpoint occurred in nearly twice as many patients in the liquid-stored group (55.6% vs. 30.4%, p = 0.10). Red blood cell transfusion requirements were a median of 3 units in the cryopreserved group versus 4 units with liquid-stored PLTs (difference between groups, 1 unit [95% CI, -3.1 to 1.1 units]; p = 0.23). Patients in the cryopreserved group were more likely to be transfused fresh-frozen plasma (78.3% vs. 27.8%, p = 0.002) and received more study PLT units (median, 2 units vs. 1 unit; difference between groups, 1 unit [95% CI, -0.03 to 2.0 units]; p = 0.012). There were no between-group differences in potential harms including deep venous thrombosis, myocardial infarction

Published
2019

34. LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

Author

Abrahams, S.C., primary, Adler, D., additional, Ainscough, J.B., additional, Anseau, M.R., additional, Arzt, E., additional, Atkinson, A., additional, Bailey, J.T., additional, Baumard, J.F., additional, Beal, D.F., additional, Binner, J.G.P., additional, Birchall, J.D., additional, Bowen, H.K., additional, Brandon, P.G., additional, Brandt, G., additional, Brett, N.H., additional, Briggs, J., additional, Brook, R.J., additional, Brown, D.R., additional, Bühl, H., additional, Bunsell, A.R., additional, Burggraaf, A.J., additional, Carlsson, J.-O., additional, Clarke, D.R., additional, Claussen, N., additional, Danzer, R., additional, Davidge, R.W., additional, Davis, R.F., additional, Doremus, R.H., additional, Drennan, J., additional, East, G.C., additional, Egerton, T.A., additional, Evans, A.G., additional, Freudenberg, B., additional, Glasser, F.P., additional, Goodenough, J.B., additional, Grathwohl, G., additional, Greenhut, V.A., additional, Grimes, N.W., additional, Grossman, D.G., additional, Haber, R.A., additional, Haggerty, J.S., additional, Harmer, M.P., additional, Harrington, J.A., additional, Hausner, H., additional, Hench, L.L., additional, Hennicke, H.W., additional, Herbert, S.A., additional, Hesse, Ax., additional, Heuer, A.H., additional, Hobbs, L.W., additional, Hugentobler, D., additional, Humphreys, C.J., additional, Jack, D.H., additional, Jack, K.H., additional, Jaffe, B., additional, Johnson, D.L., additional, Katz, R.N., additional, Keizer, K., additional, Kendall, K., additional, Khuri-Yakub, B.T., additional, Kilbourn, B.T., additional, Kilner, J.A., additional, Kim, Y.S., additional, Klomp, J.T., additional, Knoch, H., additional, Ko, J.-C., additional, Kolar, D., additional, Kollenberg, W., additional, Kools, F., additional, Koorneef, J., additional, Koppens, L.J., additional, Kranzmann, A., additional, Langdon, T.G., additional, Leggett, R.D., additional, Livey, D.T., additional, Macklen, E.D., additional, McConnell, B.D., additional, Messing, G.L., additional, Milewski, J.V., additional, Miyayama, M., additional, Morell, J.J., additional, Morris, K.J., additional, Moulson, A.J., additional, Murch, G.E., additional, Nassau, K., additional, Niepce, J.C., additional, Onoda, G.Y., additional, Ott, W.R., additional, Page, T.F., additional, Park, J.B., additional, Pels Leusden, C.O., additional, Perduijn, D.J., additional, Phillips, D.C., additional, Piepers, H.W., additional, Polke, R., additional, Potgiesser, J.A.L., additional, Prasad, S.V., additional, Rand, B., additional, Reetz, T., additional, Reeve, K.D., additional, Reijnen, P., additional, Rhodes, W.H., additional, Richards, G., additional, Richerson, D.W., additional, Riedel, R., additional, Riley, F.L., additional, Roberts, W., additional, Ruh, E., additional, Schaeffer, H.A., additional, Schat, B.R., additional, Schlichting, J., additional, Schubert, H., additional, Segal, D.L., additional, Shanefield, D.J., additional, Smith, D.W., additional, Smoke, E.J., additional, Somiya, S., additional, Sommer, K., additional, Stadler, R., additional, Steele, B.C.H., additional, Stevens, R., additional, Sundahl, R.C., additional, Taylor, R., additional, Urquhart, A.W., additional, Van der Velden, J.H., additional, Van Vlack, L.H., additional, Wei, G.C., additional, Welzen, J.T.A.M., additional, Wentorf, R.H., additional, Wicks, G.G., additional, Wiederhorn, S.M., additional, Williamson, J.P.H., additional, Wood, A.A.R., additional, Wood, B.J., additional, Yan, M.F., additional, and Yanagida, H., additional

Published
1991
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43. Microstructure and magnetic properties of Sm-Fe-Ta based alloys

Author

Saje, B., Platts, A.E., Besenicar, S. Kobe, Harris, I.R., and Kolar, D.

Subjects
Microstructure -- Research, Magnetization -- Research, Magnetic alloys -- Research, Tantalum -- Research, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The microstructure and magnetic properties of [Sm.sub.2][Fe.sub.17-x][Ta.sub.x] (0 [less than or equal to] x [less than or equal to] 2) cast alloys were investigated by means of microstructural and thermomagnetic analysis. A process for obtaining the [Sm.sub.2][Fe.sub.17] phase nearly free of iron in the as-cast state is described. The method consists of adding 4 to 5 at.% of Ta to the melt. By this addition of Ta to the basic alloy a two phase structure of the as-cast ingots consisting of [Sm.sub.2][Fe.sub.17] phase and Pauli paramagnetic Ta[Fe.sub.2] hexagonal Laves phase can be obtained. Approximately 0.5 wt.% of free iron in the cast ingot with 5 at.% of Ta addition was found by isothermal magnetic analysis. It was also shown that there is some solid solubility of Ta in the [Sm.sub.2][Fe.sub.17] phase, which results in enhancement of the Curie temperature.

Published
1994

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