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10. Unravelling the Chemotaxonomic Identity of "White" and "Black" Oregano (Origanum vulgare) in Northern Greece.

Author

Mertzanidis, Dimitrios, Nakas, Alexandros, Assimopoulou, Andreana N., and Kokkini, Stella

Subjects
ORGANIC compound analysis, ESSENTIAL oils, TERPENES, MEDICINAL plants, PLANT anatomy, POPULATION geography, ECOSYSTEMS, PHYTOCHEMICALS, PLANTS, GAS chromatography, T-test (Statistics), MASS spectrometry, RESEARCH funding, PLANT extracts, DATA analysis software, OREGANO
Abstract

The two types of oregano used by the inhabitants of the villages of Μount Belles (GR1260001), the "white" oregano with white flowers and "black" oregano with purple flowers, were studied. The two oregano types were collected from five localities along an altitudinal gradient from 217 m up to 1299 m. "White" oregano, was found in the three lowland regions (up to 752 m) where the Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak-sessile oak forest habitat (code 91M0) dominates. The "black" oregano was collected from the two higher altitudes, at 1177 m and 1299 m, where the Asperulo-Fagetum beech forest habitat (9130) occurs. Measurements of the density and size of peltate glandular hairs (sessile glands) on calyces, bracts, and leaves suggest that "white" oregano is distinguished by its conspicuous – apparently larger – glands. These differences were reflected in the total essential oil content, with the "white" oregano being much richer (up to 4.3 mL/100 g dry weight) than the "black" (up to 0.6%). Striking differences have also been found in the volatile fraction of their essential oil composition. The "white" oregano oils were characterized by the high content of carvacrol (up to 92.6% of identified peaks, by Headspace GC-MS). On the other hand, the two "black" oregano oils have a different aromatic profile, first reported from Greece, with main components including the sesquiterpenes β -caryophyllene, D-germacrene, δ -cadinene and β -bisabolene. The results so far indicate that "white" and "black" oregano, Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum and subsp. vulgare respectively, can be clearly distinguished either by their morphological (glandular) differences or by chemical (essential oil) composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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19. Use of morphometric data for the evaluation of the essential oil content of wild growing Thymus L. plants

Author

Koureas, Dimitrios and Kokkini, Stella

Abstract

The plants of the genus Thymus L. hold a significant position in the global medicinal and aromatic plants market, largely due to their Essential Oils (EOs). International, European and Greek specifications for quality screening of plants commercially distributed as “thyme” include, amongst other, the minimum value of EO content (mL 100g-1 dry weight). In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate the EO content of wild growing Th. sibthorpii Benth. plants through morphometry. The comparison of morphometric data to the results acquired by the hydro-distillation method showed that the EO content of a plant individual may be evaluated using the number and diameter of glandular scales on leaves’ surface.

Published
2012
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22. Investigating plant–pollinator relationships in the Aegean: the approaches of the project POL-AEGIS (The pollinators of the Aegean archipelago: diversity and threats)

Author

Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Petanidou, Theodora, Ståhls, Gunilla, Vujić, Ante, Olesen, Jens M., Rojo Velasco, Santos, Thrasyvoulou, Andreas, Sgardelis, Stefanos, Kallimanis, Athanasios S., Kokkini, Stella, Tscheulin, Thomas, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales, Petanidou, Theodora, Ståhls, Gunilla, Vujić, Ante, Olesen, Jens M., Rojo Velasco, Santos, Thrasyvoulou, Andreas, Sgardelis, Stefanos, Kallimanis, Athanasios S., Kokkini, Stella, and Tscheulin, Thomas

Abstract

Worldwide, there is a well-documented crisis for bees and other pollinators which represent a fundamental biotic capital for wild life conservation, ecosystem function, and crop production. Among all pollinators of the world, bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) constitute the major group in species number and importance, followed by hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). The Aegean constitutes one of the world’s hotspots for wild bee and other pollinator diversity including flies (mainly hover flies and bee flies), beetles, and butterflies. Despite this advantage, our present knowledge on Greek pollinators is poor, due to a lack of focused and systematic research, absence of relevant taxonomic keys, and a general lack of taxonomic experts in the country. As a result, assessments of pollinator loss cannot be carried out and the causes for the potential pollinator loss in the country remain unknown. Consequently, the desperately needed National Red Data list for pollinators cannot be compiled. This new research (2012–2015) aims to contribute to the knowledge of the pollinator diversity in Greece, the threats pollinators face, as well as the impacts these threats may have on pollination services. The research is conducted in the Aegean archipelago on >20 islands and several mainland sites in Greece and Turkey. Prime goals are: i. the assessment of bee and hover fly diversity (species, genetic); ii. their pollination services; and iii. the effects of climate change, grazing, intensive bee-keeping, fires, electromagnetic radiation on bee diversity and ecology, as well as on plant–pollinator networks. At the same time, this research contributes to the taxonomic capital in Greece and the Eastern Mediterranean, focusing on the creation of the first identification keys for pollinators, the training of new scientists, as well as the enrichment and further development of the Melissotheque of the Aegean, a permanent reference collection of insect pollinators established at the University of, En todo el mundo hay una crisis bien documentada para las abejas y otros polinizadores los cuales representan un capital biótico fundamental para la conservación de la vida silvestre, la función de los ecosistemas, y la producción de cultivos. Entre todos los polinizadores del mundo, las abejas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) constituyen el grupo principal en cuanto al número de especies y su importancia, seguido por los sírfidos (Diptera: Syrphidae). El Egeo constituye uno de los puntos importantes de diversidad de abejas silvestres y otros polinizadores del mundo, incluyendo moscas (principalmente sírfidos y bombílidos), escarabajos y mariposas. A pesar de esta ventaja, los conocimientos actuales sobre los polinizadores griegos son reducidos, debido a la falta de una investigación focalizada y sistemática, la ausencia de claves taxonómicas pertinentes, y una falta general de expertos en taxonomía en el país. Como resultado, no se pueden llevar a cabo evaluaciones de la pérdida de polinizadores y las causas de la pérdida potencial de polinizadores en el país siguen siendo desconocidas. En consecuencia, la imperiosamente necesitaba Lista Roja de datos para polinizadores no se puede compilar. Esta nueva investigación (2012-2015) tiene como objetivo contribuir al conocimiento de la diversidad de polinizadores en Grecia, enfrentarse a las amenazas para los polinizadores, así como investigar el impacto que estas amenazas pueden tener sobre los servicios de polinización. La investigación se llevará a cabo en el archipiélago del mar Egeo en más de 20 islas y en varios sitios del continente en Grecia y Turquía. Los principales objetivos son: i. la evaluación de la diversidad de abejas y sírfidos (especies, genética); ii. sus servicios de polinización, y iii. los efectos del cambio climático, el pastoreo, la apicultura intensiva, los incendios y las radiaciones electromagnéticas sobre la diversidad de abejas y la ecología, así como en las redes planta-polinizador. Al mismo tiempo, e

Published
2013

23. Investigating plant—pollinator relationships in the Aegean: the approaches of the project POL-AEGIS (The pollinators of the Aegean archipelago: diversity and threats)

Author

Petanidou, Theodora, primary, Ståhls, Gunilla, additional, Vujić, Ante, additional, Olesen, Jens M, additional, Rojo, Santos, additional, Thrasyvoulou, Andreas, additional, Sgardelis, Stefanos, additional, Kallimanis, Athanasios S, additional, Kokkini, Stella, additional, and Tscheulin, Thomas, additional

Published
2013
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