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This paper proposes a novel high-performance vector control system of an ac motor using a low-switching-frequency (2 kHz) pulsewidth-modulation voltage-source inverter with an output LC filter. Excellent high-speed response characteristics of the LC filter output voltage have been realized using a novel deadbeat control algorithm. As for the experimental results, the torque current response that is similar to the response of the conventional system without an LC filter has been obtained. In addition, it has been confirmed by simulation that errors of the LC filter constants within [+ or -] 10% can be permitted. Index Terms--Deadbeat control, insulation deterioration, inverter, LC filter, vector control.

We examined the efficacy and adverse events of continuous l‐asparaginase administration in dogs with large cell lymphoma of presumedgastrointestinal (GI) origin. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of dogs with large cell lymphoma of presumed GI origin treated with continuous l‐asparaginase administration from 2009 to 2018. We collected information on the signalment, lesion site, complete blood count, serum biochemical profile, diagnostic imaging findings, cytological and histopathological findings, immunophenotype, l‐asparaginase administration frequency, treatment response, adverse events, rescue protocol, and patient outcomes. Clinical outcomes were assessed using medical records or by contacting the owner or referring veterinarian. Thirty‐two dogs with large cell lymphoma of presumed GI origin received weekly l‐asparaginase administration. The median number of l‐asparaginase injections was seven (range: 1–30). Although two of the 32 dogs had GI toxicity of grade 3 or higher, none developed a hypersensitivity reaction. The response rate based on ultrasonographic findings was 18/32 (56%) and that based on clinical signs was 30/32 (94%). The median overall progression‐free survival was 50 days (range: 2–214 days), and median overall survival was 147 days (range: 2–482 days). Adverse events associated with continuous l‐asparaginase administration were rare. Clinical signs at diagnosis improved in most cases. Based on these results, continuous l‐asparaginase administration appears to be a reasonable treatment option for dogs with large cell lymphoma of presumed GI origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Primary copper-associated hepatopathy (PCH) has been reported in young cats. Although our group recently reported a young cat with PCH harbouring single-nucleotide variations in ATP7B, limited information is available regarding its association with the pathogenesis of feline PCH. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ATP7B variations in cats with PCH. Methods: Rhodanine staining was performed to detect hepatic copper accumulation (HCA) in intraoperative liver tissue specimens from 54 cats. In cats with HCA, variations in ATP7B and COMMD1 and serum ceruloplasmin activity were analysed. Results: Based on age, liver histopathological findings and hepatic distribution of accumulated copper, PCH was suspected in 4/54 cats. Sequence analysis of ATP7B and COMMD1 revealed single-nucleotide variations in ATP7B in 3/4 cats with PCH. Among the cats with PCH, one showed remarkably low serum ceruloplasmin activity, while the other three did not. Conclusions and relevance: The results of this study suggest that some cats with PCH harbour single-nucleotide variations in ATP7B, suggesting that feline PCH is an equivalent disorder to human Wilson's disease. This study provides basic evidence facilitating further studies of the pathophysiology and treatment of feline PCH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 9‐month‐old intact crossbred female cat was presented with jaundice, intermittent anorexia and lethargy, increased hepatic enzyme activities, and hyperammonemia. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomographic examinations determined that the liver had a rounded and irregular margin, and histopathological examination identified excessive accumulation of copper hepatocytes in the liver. Concentrations of both blood and urine copper were higher than in healthy cats. The patient responded well to treatment with penicillamine. Clinicopathological abnormalities and clinical signs improved within 2 months, and the patient was alive for >9 months after starting treatment. Genetic examination determined that the patient and its littermate had a single‐nucleotide variation (SNV, p. T1297R) that impaired the function of the ATP7B gene product; the gene that is mutated in patients with Wilson's disease (WD). Hepatic copper accumulation was believed to be associated with the SNV of the ATP7B gene, and the patient had a genetic disorder of copper metabolism equivalent to WD in humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The patient was a 36-year-old woman in the 34th week of pregnancy who presented with headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis and inflammatory changes in the sphenoid sinus. No cerebral infarction was detected on diffusion-weighted magnetic MRI. She was diagnosed with ICA stenosis induced by sphenoid sinusitis and underwent surgical treatment with intravenous antibiotics and corticosteroids. Her headache improved, and MRI showed remarkable improvement in bilateral ICA stenosis and no cerebral infarction. Severe sinusitis can also cause ICA stenoses. An early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of causative sinusitis can improve ICA stenosis and prevent stroke.

Aneurysms in the V1 segment of the extracranial vertebral artery are extremely rare. Furthermore, half of the cases are giant aneurysms larger than 25 mm. This study reports a case of unruptured giant V1 aneurysm of the right vertebral artery that was successfully treated with endovascular coil embolization. An 85-year-old woman experienced dizziness sporadically. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a mass in the right subclavian region. Radiological examinations showed an aneurysm originating from the V1 segment of the right vertebral artery. The aneurysm was successfully embolized with platinum coils, with preserved patency of the vertebral artery. Although aneurysms in the V1 portion of the vertebral artery are extremely rare, there is a possibility of thrombosis or rupture. Endovascular treatment such as coil embolization may be effective for a V1 vertebral artery aneurysm., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to disclose., (© 2024 The Japan Neurosurgical Society.)

Outbreaks of Bordetella pertussis (BP), the causative agent of whooping cough, continue despite broad vaccination coverage and have been increasing since vaccination switched from whole-BP (wP) to acellular BP (aP) vaccines. wP vaccination has been associated with more durable protective immunity and an induced Th1 polarized memory T cell response. Here, a multi-omics approach was applied to profile the immune response of 30 wP and 31 aP-primed individuals and identify correlates of T cell polarization before and after Tdap booster vaccination. We found that transcriptional changes indicating an interferon response on day 1 post-booster along with elevated plasma concentrations of IFN-γ and interferon-induced chemokines that peaked at day 1-3 post-booster correlated best with the Th1 polarization of the vaccine-induced memory T cell response on day 28. Our studies suggest that wP-primed individuals maintain their Th1 polarization through this early memory interferon response. This suggests that stimulating the interferon pathway during vaccination could be an effective strategy to elicit a predominant Th1 response in aP-primed individuals that protects better against infection.

Systems vaccinology studies have been used to build computational models that predict individual vaccine responses and identify the factors contributing to differences in outcome. Comparing such models is challenging due to variability in study designs. To address this, we established a community resource to compare models predicting B. pertussis booster responses and generate experimental data for the explicit purpose of model evaluation. We here describe our second computational prediction challenge using this resource, where we benchmarked 49 algorithms from 53 scientists. We found that the most successful models stood out in their handling of nonlinearities, reducing large feature sets to representative subsets, and advanced data preprocessing. In contrast, we found that models adopted from literature that were developed to predict vaccine antibody responses in other settings performed poorly, reinforcing the need for purpose-built models. Overall, this demonstrates the value of purpose-generated datasets for rigorous and open model evaluations to identify features that improve the reliability and applicability of computational models in vaccine response prediction., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests.

Computational models that predict an individual's response to a vaccine offer the potential for mechanistic insights and personalized vaccination strategies. These models are increasingly derived from systems vaccinology studies that generate immune profiles from human cohorts pre- and post-vaccination. Most of these studies involve relatively small cohorts and profile the response to a single vaccine. The ability to assess the performance of the resulting models would be improved by comparing their performance on independent datasets, as has been done with great success in other areas of biology such as protein structure predictions. To transfer this approach to system vaccinology studies, we established a prototype platform that focuses on the evaluation of Computational Models of Immunity to Pertussis Booster vaccinations (CMI-PB). A community resource, CMI-PB generates experimental data for the explicit purpose of model evaluation, which is performed through a series of annual data releases and associated contests. We here report on our experience with the first such 'dry run' for a contest where the goal was to predict individual immune responses based on pre-vaccination multi-omic profiles. Over 30 models adopted from the literature were tested, but only one was predictive, and was based on age alone. The performance of new models built using CMI-PB training data was much better, but varied significantly based on the choice of pre-vaccination features used and the model building strategy. This suggests that previously published models developed for other vaccines do not generalize well to Pertussis Booster vaccination. Overall, these results reinforced the need for comparative analysis across models and datasets that CMI-PB aims to achieve. We are seeking wider community engagement for our first public prediction contest, which will open in early 2024.