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The Troja hills and slopes are located on the right bank of the Vltava River on the northern periphery of Prague. The mollusc fauna of certain parts of the territory has been regularly observed by Vojen Ložek since 1987. In 2021–2022 these parts were revised together with other sites in the Drahaň – Troja Natural Park. At 63 localities, 65 mollusc species (56 land gastropods, 9 aquatic species) were recorded. Due to overgrowing of abandoned fields and pastures, forest gastropods dominated (30.8%), followed by ubiquists (30.8%). The open-ground dwellers used to be more common but now declined to 16.9%. These are supplemented by hygrophilous, wetland (7.7%), and aquatic species (13.8%) on the bottoms of some valleys.

Hrnčířské louky NM in the southeast of Prague protects a pond system surrounded by wet meadows. Until now, only sparse data about mollusc fauna were available. In 2021, 28 snail species (26 land snails, two aquatic) were recorded during the land snail inventory. Together with older sampling that also focused on aquatic species, 47 mollusc species are known from the reserve (28 land snails, 11 aquatic snails, and eight bivalves). Due to numerous water bodies, aquatic species dominate (40%), followed by hygrophilous and wetland dwellers (21%). These are supplemented by woodland species from sparse forest stands (17.5%) and ubiquists (15%). The last three species (6.5%) belong to open-ground dwellers. At the forefront of management activities in the last decades were mowing and declining fishery production in the ponds. An endangered and internationally protected species, Vertigo angustior, which depends on regular mowing, was recorded here for the first time. A review of aquatic molluscs following changes in pond management is recommended.

There is inconsistent information regarding the size effects of exogenously given hyaluronan on its in vivo fate. The data are often biased by the poor quality of hyaluronan and non-ideal labelling strategies used for resolving exogenous/endogenous hyaluronan, which only monitor the label and not hyaluronan itself. To overcome these drawbacks and establish the pharmacokinetics of intravenous hyaluronan in relation to its Mw, 13C-labelled HA of five Mws from 13.6–1562 kDa was prepared and administered to mice at doses 25−50 mg kg–1. The elimination efficiency increased with decreasing Mw. Low Mw hyaluronan was rapidly eliminated as small hyaluronan fragments in urine, while high Mw hyaluronan exhibited saturable kinetics and complete metabolization within 48 h. All tested Mws exhibited a similar uptake by liver cells and metabolization into activated sugars. 13C-labelling combined with LC–MS provides an excellent approach to elucidating in vivo fate and biological activities of hyaluronan.

This bachelor thesis solves and evaluates the use of heavy horses in skidding timber in the certain forest property among 2010–2018 years and it compares them with other methods of skidding operations used in forestry. Description of local conditions is the part of the thesis – especially natural conditions, which influence the operations associated with logging and transporting in the interested area importantly. The theoretical part explains the basic terms relate to solved issues. Data processing of the forest management plan and interviews with local foresters were primary for the practical part. The interviews with local coachmans were important too. It was found, the heavy horses participated 19.5% portion on the total skidding timber.

In the autumn of 2014, we conducted a malacological survey at 23 freshwater bodies in the Danubian lowland, SW Slovakia. We aimed to conduct a malacological inventory of semi-natural sites of a high conservation value. During the fieldwork, we used conventional methods of sampling; mostly sweeping by a hemispherical metal kitchen strainer from both natant and submerged vegetation and also from bottom sediments. At each site, ten people have collected molluscs for 60 to 90 minutes (except site No. 3, 5 and 15 – 1 person/2 hrs.). During the sampling we did not use any destructive methods. A total of 67 species were found in the whole surveyed territory (43 gastropods, 24 bivalves), which is the complete current species richness of the aquatic mollusc fauna in the Danubian lowland. The most species rich sites include the Číčovské rameno Oxbow lake (36 species, No. 2), Klátovské rameno Side arm (32 spp., No. 10) and Parížske močiare Swamp (24 spp., No. 11). Bithynia tentaculata and Planorbarius corneus were the most frequent species (i.e. found at +65% of sites) and the following eight species were recorded at 44–52% of sites (i.e. 10–12 individual sites; given in a descending order): Anisus vortex, Lymnaea stagnalis, Planorbis planorbis, Anisus vorticulus, Bithynia leachii, Stagnicola palustris, Viviparus acerosus and V. contectus. In contrast, Bithynia transsilvanica, Gyraulus riparius, Pisidium personatum, Planorbis carinatus, Sphaerium nucleus and Valvata macrostoma were found at only one site (species recorded only in flood debris of the Danube River were not considered).

The author of this thesis examines the style of P. Papinius Statius'poetics in two of his descriptive poems from the Silvae. In the Introduction she puts forth basic data of his life and works. Then she describes Flavian building program and activities of Roman élite in relation with Statius' other descriptive poems. The author consequently puts separately both poems in question, that is Silvae 1.1. and 4.6, in historical and artistic context, then she summarizes existing research on the poems, then she defines genre, style and literary background of each poem and examines their structure. At the end of each chapter the author presents latin text and czech translation, commentary and analysis of typical elements of Statius's poetics in particular sections of the poems according to their structure. In the Conclusion the author summarizes what she has learned about the style of Statius' descriptive poems in relation to the people and objects described.

Molluscan succession was studied in 18 abandoned limestone quarries of different age in Bohemian Karst. The number of species in studied quarries increases in the time. The less species were found in the oldest quarries. This trend was probably caused by habitat diversity decline although it is not conclusive. The best predictors of mollusk species composition are type of surrounding vegetation, light and the cover of tree layer. It is important to take into account correlations of the other environmental variables with light and the cover of tree layer. Compositions of mollusk assemblages of north and south-facing slopes differ, but these differences diminish with ongoing succession. Quarries represent suitable model sites for the study of succession.

This diploma thesis is focused on the European Policy for economic and social cohesion, its goals and financial instruments. Four Structural Funds allow the European Union (EU) to grant financial assistance to resolve structural economic and social problems in the member states of the EU. The thesis concentrates on one of the Structural funds, namely the European Social Fund (ESF), the main financial instrument allowing the Union to realise the strategic objectives of its employment policy. The Human Resources and Emplyment Operational programme, the Prague -- Adaptability Operational Programme and the Education for Competitiveness Operational Programme are the Czech Operational programmes financed by the ESF. The last one is then closely described and attention is aimed mainly at the Priority Area 2.3 -- Developing human potential in research and development. The practical part of the work deals with the characteristics of the project cycle from the point of view of the Ministry of Education and with the analysis of projects applied in the Priority Area mentioned above.

Diplomová práce pojednává o obchodních vztazích mezi Českou republikou a Ruskou federací. V první části popisuji obecnou, politickou a ekonomickou charakteristiku Ruska, dále se zaměřuji na definování podnikatelského prostředí v RF.Hlavní důraz je kladen na obchodní spolupráci mezi ČR a RF. V poslední části jsou nastíněny exportní příležitosti českých podnikatelů a zmíněny již existující projekty. Součástí je vyhodnocení vlastního dotazníkového řízení.

Práce vyhodnocuje systém implementace prostředků politiky soudržnosti EU a možnosti čerpání dotací v prostředí Středočeského kraje. První kapitola charakterizuje podstatu regionální a strukturální politiky EU. Druhá kapitola se věnuje problematice dotace a průběhu dotačního řízení. Poslední kapitola analyzuje situaci ve Středočeském kraji z hlediska úspěšnosti čerpání peněz z evropských fondů a uvádí ukázku konkrétního projektu.

PRÁCE SE ZABÝVÁ DVĚMA METODAMI, POMOCÍ KTERÝCH LZE V ÚČETNICTVÍ MĚŘIT ZISK. JEDNOU Z TĚCHTO METOD JE AKRUÁLNÍ BÁZE, NA KTERÉ JE V ČR ZALOŽENO PODVOJNÉ ÚČETNICTVÍ. DRUHÁ METODA VYCHÁZÍ Z BÁZE PENĚŽNÍCH TOKŮ, KTERÁ JE ZÁKLADEM PRO DAŇOVOU EVIDENCI PODNIKATELŮ A TAKÉ PRO ORGANIZAČNÍ SLOŽKY STÁTU A ÚZEMNÍ SAMOSPRÁVU.

In the autumn of 2014, we conducted a malacological survey at 23 freshwater bodies in the Danubian lowland, SW Slovakia. We aimed to conduct a malacological inventory of semi-natural sites of a high conservation value. During the fieldwork, we used conventional methods of sampling; mostly sweeping by a hemispherical metal kitchen strainer from both natant and submerged vegetation and also from bottom sediments. At each site, ten people have collected molluscs for 60 to 90 minutes (except site No. 3, 5 and 15 – 1 person/2 hrs.). During the sampling we did not use any destructive methods. A total of 67 species were found in the whole surveyed territory (43 gastropods, 24 bivalves), which is the complete current species richness of the aquatic mollusc fauna in the Danubian lowland. The most species rich sites include the Číčovské rameno Oxbow lake (36 species, No. 2), Klátovské rameno Side arm (32 spp., No. 10) and Parížske močiare Swamp (24 spp., No. 11). Bithynia tentaculata and Planorbarius corneus were the most frequent species (i.e. found at +65% of sites) and the following eight species were recorded at 44–52% of sites (i.e. 10–12 individual sites; given in a descending order): Anisus vortex, Lymnaea stagnalis, Planorbis planorbis, Anisus vorticulus, Bithynia leachii, Stagnicola palustris, Viviparus acerosus and V. contectus. In contrast, Bithynia transsilvanica, Gyraulus riparius, Pisidium personatum, Planorbis carinatus, Sphaerium nucleus and Valvata macrostoma were found at only one site (species recorded only in flood debris of the Danube River were not considered).

The thesis analyses the grammar-school teaching of parasitic unicellular organisms in the science classes. The analysis focuses on the species responsible for health problems in the human population, which include genus Trypanosoma, Leishmania and Plasmodium, then Naegleria fowleri, Lamblia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica. The theoretical part of the thesis describes the species and highlights their importance as a threat for human health. The practical part of the thesis is a case study that analyses, using an interview, an approach to teaching protozoa at a selected institution (Gymnázium Jiřího z Poděbrad in Poděbrady), where emphasis was placed on the aforementioned unicellular parasites. During the interview respondents were asked questions about their studies, practice and their current teaching of biology. Subsequently, the attitude of the respondents to the analysed topic was discussed. The questionnaire addressed, among other things, whether the teachers teach the analysed protozoa, how much time they spend on the topic, what teaching materials they use, and whether they consider this biological topic to be relevant. The analysis points to the fact that for all respondents the topic of unicellular parasites is important due to its impact on human health. Furthermore, the interviews...

The work deals with molluscs as specific inhabitants of boulder sites in southern part of Křivoklátsko PLA. It discusses related questions and information sources connected with nature protection. The thesis describes molluscs as generally lesser known, but diverse group of animals with variety of ecological requirements. It shows the results of malacozoological site research performed using collection of leaf litter samples and compares them to previous works. It also examines how the topic could be incorporated in education. The work emphasizes the ecology of molluscs, whose knowledge can facilitate contextual thinking about various organisms and also is not confined to a narrow scope of biology. The thesis discusses various means of education and describes a general proposal of excursion to the place of interest. Keywords gastropods ecology excursion nature protection didactics

The present work aims to familiarize students with current representatives of naked snails. In the Czech Republic there are five families of naked snails (Agriolimacidae, Arionidae, Boettgerillidae, Limacidae and Milacidae) and all their representatives are characterized by the loss of a secondary shell. Working closely represents ten of them. Part of the work is simplified determination dichotomous key and atlas. Basis of the thesis is a proposal of nine laboratory exercises, observations and experiments that pose naked snails from many angles, from basic observation of the external morphology through the food demands and sensory perception until after the autopsy. Tasks are designed for use in high school; Simplified variant may serve základoškolským hours practically oriented science. Some of the presented tasks (monitoring food preferences, sensory perception and response to stimuli) can be extended to a project day or protracted class of biologically oriented project. All designed tasks were tested. The most important model species of this thesis is the Spanish slug (Arion vulgaris (Moquin-Tandon, 1855)). It is a Czech non-native, invasive representative of the family Arionidae. Thanks laboratory exercises contained in the work of pupils, it is possible that the snail introduce in detail and...