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This study aimed to investigate the predictive roles of gender and self-efficacy (academic, social, and emotional) on the academic resilience of adolescents. Participants consisted of 346 adolescents (227 girls and 119 boys). Data were collected through the Academic Resilience Scale, the Self-efficacy Scale for Children, and a demographic information form, and analyzed with an independent simple t test, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results showed that male adolescents achieved higher scores in academic resilience, social self-efficacy, and emotional self-efficacy. Gender, academic self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, and emotional self-efficacy in sum accounted for 49% of the variance in academic resilience. All independent variables with the exception of gender (being male) were statistically significant predictors for academic resilience in adolescents. Increases in academic, social, and emotional self-efficacy were found to lead to enhanced academic resilience.

BackgroundIn the fall of 2020, the COVID-19 infodemic began to affect public confidence in and demand for COVID-19 vaccines in the United States. While polls indicated what consumers felt regarding COVID-19 vaccines, they did not provide an understanding of why they felt that way or the social and informational influences that factored into vaccine confidence and uptake. It was essential for us to better understand how information ecosystems were affecting the confidence in and demand for COVID-19 vaccines in the United States. ObjectiveThe US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established an Insights Unit within the COVID-19 Response’s Vaccine Task Force in January 2021 to assist the agency in acting more swiftly to address the questions, concerns, perceptions, and misinformation that appeared to be affecting uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. We established a novel methodology to rapidly detect and report on trends in vaccine confidence and demand to guide communication efforts and improve programmatic quality in near real time. MethodsWe identified and assessed data sources for inclusion through an informal landscape analysis using a snowball method. Selected data sources provided an expansive look at the information ecosystem of the United States regarding COVID-19 vaccines. The CDC’s Vaccinate with Confidence framework and the World Health Organization’s behavioral and social drivers for vaccine decision-making framework were selected as guiding principles for interpreting generated insights and their impact. We used qualitative thematic analysis methods and a consensus-building approach to identify prevailing and emerging themes, assess their potential threat to vaccine confidence, and propose actions to increase confidence and demand. ResultsAs of August 2022, we have produced and distributed 34 reports to >950 recipients within the CDC and externally. State and local health departments, nonprofit organizations, professional associations, and congressional committees have referenced and used the reports for learning about COVID-19 vaccine confidence and demand, developing communication strategies, and demonstrating how the CDC monitored and responded to misinformation. A survey of the reports’ end users found that nearly 75% (40/53) of respondents found them “very” or “extremely” relevant and 52% (32/61) used the reports to inform communication strategies. In addition, our methodology underwent continuous process improvement to increase the rigor of the research process, the validity of the findings, and the usability of the reports. ConclusionsThis methodology can serve as a diagnostic technique for rapidly identifying opportunities for public health interventions and prevention. As the methodology itself is adaptable, it could be leveraged and scaled for use in a variety of public health settings. Furthermore, it could be considered beyond acute public health crises to support adherence to guidance and recommendations and could be considered within routine monitoring and surveillance systems.

Introduction Sestrin 2 is considered a stress-inducible antioxidant protein. This study was aimed to evaluate sestrin 2 in subjects with sepsis, and its correlation with clinical severity and mortality.Methods Sepsis and control group patients were followed from admission to discharge. A blood sample was taken at admission for determination of serum sestrin 2 level.Results Of the total 42 patients with sepsis, there were 25 females and the mean age was 74.9 years. The sestrin 2 levels were significantly higher in the sepsis group. The optimum sestrin 2 cut-off point of ≥3.13 ng/mL had 95.2% sensitivity and 71.4% specificity for sepsis (p

ABSTRACTAdditive manufacturing in construction typically consists of ground-based platforms. Introducing aerial capabilities offers scope to create or repair structures in dangerous or elevated locations. The Aerial Additive Manufacturing (AAM) project has developed a pioneering approach using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV, ‘drones’) to deposit material during self-powered, autonomous, untethered flight. This study investigates high and low-density foams autonomously deposited as structural and insulation materials. Drilling resistance, mechanical, thermal and microscopy tests investigate density variation, interfacial integrity and thermal stability. Autonomous deposition is demonstrated using a flying UAV and robotic arm. Results reveal dense material at interfaces and directionally dependent cell expansion during foaming. Cured interfacial regions are vulnerable to loading parallel to interfaces but resistant to perpendicular loading. Mitigation of trajectory printing errors caused by UAV flight disturbance is demonstrated by a stabilising end effector, with trajectory errors ≤10 mm. AAM provides a significant development towards on-site automation in construction.HighlightsAerial Additive Manufacturing (AAM) releases additive manufacturing (AM) for construction applications from ground-based and tethered restraints.Multiple self-powered flying Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) can deposit layers of polyurethane foam in planned trajectories.High-density polyurethane foam and low-density foam can be suitable for structural and insulating layers, respectively.Laboratory tests, including drilling resistance, demonstrate the high-density of interfacial boundary regions in relation to material located away from a boundary.The challenges of reducing lateral deformation of extruded material are evaluated, and improved flight stabilisation provided by an end effector keeping trajectory errors within 10 mm is demonstrated.

The role of energy use in our dwellings is a critical part of any policy which aims to mitigate climate change. A significant proportion of this is the uncontrolled loss of energy through the windows, which in some buildings is a large area of the envelope. Vacuum Insulated Glass (VIG) is the next-generation technology, where transparent windows will be as thermally insulating as the opaque wall. More importantly, at the potential high thermal resistance that could be reached, buildings would provide a net surplus of energy. Nevertheless, the current available literature has not provided a concise and detailed description of the potential thermal resistance which a VIG design might provide. In this work a design framework is outlined. Through a well-defined process, the total thermal resistance of any VIG design can be determined with high accuracy. Various designs are examined as case studies, and measurements are conducted to assess the precision of the design process. Ultimately, such a framework would enhance the confidence of architects, engineers, and others, enabling them to make informed design choices and incorporate VIG products into building projects.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) in relation to the construction industry is an emerging technology. However, ground-based AM on construction scales may be limited by the dimensions, reach and weight of the ground-based deposition platform. Aerial additive manufacturing (AAM) can revolutionise construction-based AM by employing multiple untethered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV, known as ‘drones’) depositing material using miniature deposition devices. This study investigates aerial platform and cementitious material requirements for AAM and details development of structurally viable cementitious composite material with suitable rheological properties to demonstrate AAM as a novel aerial approach to complement ground-based activities. A synergistic combination of natural hydrophilic and partially synthetic hygroscopic polymeric hydrocolloids was developed in cementitious material to achieve optimal rheology properties in the fresh state. Analysis involved oscillation and flow tests, calorimetry, microscopy, computed tomography and mechanical tests. AAM application considerations focused on technical characteristics of UAV platforms, flight times, payloads and developed extrusion systems with optimal nozzle dimensions. Results demonstrate critical material parameters of 1700 kg/m3 density, 4° phase angle, 1.1 kPa yield stress, $ < 10$ MPa complex modulus, and the ability to be processed through miniature deposition devices with 500 N force and 250 mA current. Material extrusions were realised using a custom-designed miniature deposition system which a UAV can carry and power. AAM will significantly impact automated construction by enabling new advances in aerial platform applications featuring multiple coordinated agents depositing bespoke material. This is particularly relevant to elevated or challenging construction conditions where an automated aerial approach can crucially reduce safety risks.

In the era of globalization, when cultural diversity and multilingualism cross borders, specific changes have been observed in human relations and educational implementations. Such changes in multicultural and multilingual contexts have made it necessary to create novel pedagogies for language teaching by tailoring traditional teaching and learning approaches. Therefore, adapting language teaching methods and techniques to multilingual and multicultural classrooms through translanguaging is one of the hottest issues in the current literature. Remarkably, the primary purpose of this present study is to portray a theoretical understanding of translanguaging and further discuss the pedagogical aspect of it in the Turkish context through an integrative review methodology. To this end, five research studies conducted in the Turkish context were selected based on certain criteria and analyzed through document analysis to reach a comprehensive picture of translanguaging practices in EFL classroom settings. By doing so, it attempted to argue its potential benefits and possible challenges to guide stakeholders about how and/or when to benefit from translanguaging pedagogy so that it becomes more precise and beneficial for classroom use.