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WOS: 000427483300016 Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a very promising biological material. However, at present its utilization is limited by difficulties in shape forming it. In this Communication, it is shown how this can be overcome by blending it with poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) polymer. BC:PMMA fibers are produced by pressurized gyration of blended BC:PMMA solutions. Subsequently, BC:PMMA bandage-like scaffolds are generated with different blends. The products are investigated to determine their morphological and chemical features. Cell culture and proliferation tests are performed to obtain information on biocompatibility of the scaffolds. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council UK [EP/N 034228/1, EP/L 023059/1] The authors wish to thank UCL for part supporting the visits of Esra Altun and Mehmet Onur Aydogdu. The authors also wish to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council UK for supporting gyration spinning work at UCL (Grant Nos. EP/L 023059/1 and EP/N 034228/1).

Clothing is not a simple system. It is at the same time a system of signs (signals). In other words, it is a code. People's clothing is ascribed a great deal of meaning by the society that wears and uses it, and this gives clothing the characteristic of being a sign. People can use their clothes to express their beliefs, their views, their ideas, status, wealth etc. Thus, with the various meanings it carries, clothing takes on the role of being a verbal cultur element in addition to its primary function. The aim of this study is to provide a semiotic analysis of both the "signification" and "connotation" meanings reflected by the design characteristics and the usage-of women's entari outfits used on special occasions and in ceremonial activities in Kutahya and the surrounding districts. The indicators are explained using contrasts such as signifier/signified, syntagm/paradigm, denotation/connotation and the relationship between myths and interpretation is looked at and interpreted by using Barthes' signifying matrix. This study covers the entari outfits worn by women on special occasions and during ceremonial activities in Kutahya, Simav and Domanic districts. The denotation, which is the first plane of signification, it was determined that all the signs has a relationship between the signifier and the signified and that the sign resembled the actual object. Just as a meaningful whole is formed by means of a compositional connection by bringing together clothing items that have separate functions, so the signs come to mean "ensemble". In the sense of connotation, in a syntagmatic relation, the rules that govern the combining of the parts were seen to change the outfit's meaning. It is determined that the contrasts in the details of the forms of dress led to changes in interpretation and these changes are specifically shaped indigenously to the local culture. With objects expressing the meaning of words it was seen that interpretation was associated with myths at different levels in all the signs.

This study was carried out in order to ascertain how the web-assisted method of teaching how to produce men's trousers, part of the Menswear Production lesson, affected the success of the students. In order to determine whether or not there was any significant difference between the marks in the preliminary and final tests ANOVA was used in the "Success Test" to analyze repeated values given for a single factor; while the t- test was used for Independent Sample Groups when determining "Product Success" points. According to the research findings, when the group averages are taken into consideration the average mark in the post-trial knowledge test for those students given web-assisted education was higher than the average mark for students taught using traditional methods. There was a significant difference seen in the marks for the production of men's trousers in web-assisted learning.

Küreselleşme ile birlikte artan rekabet işletmeleri yeni değişim ve gelişimlere iterken, daha önce ülke düzeyinde rekabet etmekte olan işletmeleri de küresel rekabete zorlamıştır. Bu bağlamda ülkenin lokomotif sektörü olan moda ve hazır giyim sanayinde de değişim önemli bir gereksinim olarak karşımıza çıkmakta, sürdürülebilir bir ülke imajının yaratılması ve buna bağlı olarak bir vizyon geliştirmesi için tasarım kültürünün oluşturulması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra giysilerinde özgün ve farklı özellikler ve kişisel tanımlar arayan yeni tüketici profilinin oluşması, tasarımı en önemli unsurlardan biri haline getirmiştir. Bu nedenle tasarımcılar, yaratıcılıklarını zorlayarak farklı hikâye ve temalar çerçevesinde farklı tasarımlar oluşturma çabası içine girmişlerdir. Tasarım ve yaratıcılık kavramlarının bilimsel olarak farklı tanımlarının yapıldığı bu çalışmada; özgün giysi tasarımları oluşturmada tasarımcı yaratıcılığının önemine ve yaratıcılığın geliştirmesinde etkili olan faktörlere vurgu yapılarak, tasarımcının yaratıcılık gücünü geliştirmesine katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır. Increasing competition with globalization forced businesses to making new innovations and changes, and businesses that have been formerly competing on a national level to global competition. In this regard, change in the fashion and apparel industry, the locomotive sector of the nation, comes out as an important requirement, and creating a culture of design is of great significance for creating a sustainable nation image and developing a vision connected thereto. Moreover, creation of a consumer profile in search of original, different and distinguishing characteristics and personal definitions in their clothes has made design one of the most important elements, and designers started to force their creative skills and create different designs within the frame of different stories and themes. In this study, where different scientific definitions of design and creativity are made, the aim was to emphasize the importance of designer creativity in creating original clothing designs, and to contribute to the development of designer's creative talent, underlining factors influential in improving creativity.

In Ottoman society, which maintained its tradition of clothing without change for a long time, the transformation of its dressing styles occurred via a long and protracted process. Westernization in Ottoman society started in the 17th and 18th Centuries, accompanied by attempts at modernizing and/or westernizing of fabrics, patterns, and colors. Along with the decrees of the administrative reforms, a process of westernization was put into motion. Changes in military costumes were undertaken and these then had an impact on civil costumes and clothing. Westernization in women's attire underwent a slower process compared to that of men. Starting from the 17th Century till the formation of the Republic, women performed a silent but a decisive struggle relating to their concept of clothing. Westernization in a real sense for Turkish women came into practice in the era of the Republic of Turkey, founded by Kemal Ataturk. This study aims to discuss the process of westernization and the corresponding modifications that occurred in clothing in historical perspective.

WOS: 000444951400014 PubMed ID: 29806201 Electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds are promising regenerative wound dressing options but have yet to be widely used in practice. The challenge is that nanofibre productions rely on bench-top apparatuses, and the delicate product integrity is hard to preserve before reaching the point of need. Timing is critically important to wound healing. The purpose of this investigation is to produce novel nanofibrous scaffolds using a portable, hand-held gun, which enables production at the wound site in a time-dependent fashion, thereby preserving product integrity. We select bacterial cellulose, a natural hydrophilic biopolymer, and polycaprolactone, a synthetic hydrophobic polymer, to generate composite nanofibres that can tune the scaffold hydrophilicity, which strongly affects cell proliferation. Composite scaffolds made of 8 different ratios of bacterial cellulose and polycaprolactone were successfully electrospun. The morphological features and cell-scaffold interactions were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. The biocompatibility was studied using Saos-2 cell viability test. The scaffolds were found to show good biocompatibility and allow different proliferation rates that varied with the composition of the scaffolds. A nanofibrous dressing that can be accurately moulded and standardised via the portable technique is advantageous for wound healing in practicality and in its consistency through mass production. UCL The authors wish to thank UCL for part supporting the visits of Esra Altun and Mehmet Onur Aydogdu.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a very promising biological material. However, at present its utilization is limited by difficulties in shape forming it. In this Communication, it is shown how this can be overcome by blending it with poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) polymer. BC:PMMA fibers are produced by pressurized gyration of blended BC:PMMA solutions. Subsequently, BC:PMMA bandage-like scaffolds are generated with different blends. The products are investigated to determine their morphological and chemical features. Cell culture and proliferation tests are performed to obtain information on biocompatibility of the scaffolds.