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Objectives: The emergence of deadly infections such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) highlights the need for effective infection control (IC) procedures in healthcare facilities. The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of healthcare workers (HCWs) on IC procedures. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among HCWs in western Jamaica from May to August 2015. A questionnaire based on the Jamaican Health Facilities Infection and Control Policies and Procedures Manual was used to collect data on staff training in IC, and their KAP of IC. Summary statistics, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression were applied for data analyses. Results: Among 227 participants, the mean knowledge scores were statistically higher among the younger HCWs, Physicians/Nurses, and those in clinical units. Older HCWs, non-physicians/nurses, non-clinical unit workers, HCWs at Western Regional Hospital A, and those who received ongoing IC training scored higher on attitude. The practice scores were significantly correlated with the attitude scores but not the knowledge scores. The attitude score was a significant predictor for IC practices. Conclusions: Six knowledge and three attitude variables were significant predictors of IC practices that the Western Regional Health Authority Officials can use to implement measures to improve IC practices among HCWs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objective With the progress of economic globalization and food diversification, foodborne parasitic diseases pose a significant public health challenge in China. This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding foodborne parasitic diseases among the Chinese population via WeChat, which is a promising tool for disease surveillance and health education. Methods Using a questionnaire, this cross-sectional study was conducted on September 25, 2023. Participants completed a structured questionnaire by scanning a QR code provided in a tweet from the WeChat official account of the Jiangsu Institute of Parasite Disease. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to explore potential independent determinants of adequate knowledge of foodborne parasitic diseases, and the positive attitude and good practice rates of the participants were calculated. Results In total, 5,675 valid questionnaires were collected via the WeChat official account. Most participants (79.91%) fell within the age range of 20–40 years, with a higher representation of males (53.18%), and 89.80% were of Han Chinese ethnicity. It was found that 76.65% of the participants had adequate level of knowledge. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals of Hui nationality (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.40–0.81, p = 0.002), clinicians (OR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.09–0.19, p

Pediatricians had higher rates of ordering pediatric cholesterol screening than family medicine (FM) clinicians. This study aims to compare knowledge, attitude, and practices of clinicians' pediatric cholesterol screening practices and attitudes between these two specialties. A 14-item electronic survey using Likert scales was sent to all clinicians in the institution's Departments of Pediatrics and FM between 2018 and 2019. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare pediatricians and FM clinicians. 22 clinicians from Pediatrics and 111 from FM completed the survey. Compared to FM clinicians, pediatricians were more familiar with the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute guidelines, which are more vigorous in their recommendation of universal cholesterol screening. Pediatricians reported being more supportive of universal cholesterol screening in children (p < 0.05). In practice, pediatricians reported screening almost two thirds (64.8%) of eligible patients during the past year, while FM clinicians reported screening approximately one third (34.1%) of eligible patients (p < 0.001). Pediatricians were more likely to screen based on patient-specific risk factors and their practice decisions were more heavily influenced by published guidelines, institutional education, availability of non-fasting blood to be used for screening, and the availability of an institutional pediatric lipid clinic (p < 0.05). The differences in knowledge, attitudes, and practices of cholesterol screening may contribute to different screening rates among clinicians from FM and pediatrics. To improve patient care and reduce gaps, it is important to implement interventions at the institutional level as well as to adopt uniform guideline recommendations at the national level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) surveys regarding zoonotic diseases are crucial to understanding the extent of knowledge among citizens and for guiding health-related education programs. Method Employing a structured questionnaire, we interviewed residents (n = 388) in three districts of northern Tanzania (Karatu n = 128, Monduli n = 114, Babati n = 146) to assess knowledge, attitudes and reported practices regarding three zoonotic diseases that occur in the region (anthrax, brucellosis, and rabies). We used generalized linear mixed effects models and multi-model inference to identify demographic correlates of knowledge. Results Proportional average district- and disease- specific knowledge scores ranged from 0.14–0.61. We found positive correlations between age and knowledge of symptoms, causes and treatments of anthrax (three districts), brucellosis (three districts), and rabies (one district). Gender, ethnic identity, formal education and ownership of livestock or dogs had variable effects on knowledge among the interviewed population. Risk perceptions regarding different diseases varied across districts and were positively correlated with knowledge of the specific diseases. Direct interactions with livestock and domestic dogs were reported to occur across all demographic groups, suggesting that most people living in rural settings of our study area are potentially exposed to zoonotic diseases. Behaviors which may favor transmission of specific pathogens (such as consumption of raw milk or meat) were occasionally reported and varied by district. Wildlife was generally regarded as negative or neutral with regard to overall veterinary and human health. Conclusion The combination of variable knowledge about zoonotic diseases in the three districts, reported occurrence of practices that are conducive to pathogen transmission, and previously documented circulation of pathogens causing anthrax, brucellosis and rabies in our study system, call for health education programs embedded in a holistic One Health approach.

Prefentive and currative efforts of COVID-19 in pesantren is a crucial points to be done in order to conduct conducive and safe learning situation. This community service aims to form, train and assist Santri Husada in carrying out its role in the health sector of Islamic boarding schools. This campus environmental service program offers many paradigm shifts for students by allowing them to participate in maintaining the health of pesantren residents who have previously appeared to disregard health protocols. It was carried out in three phases, namely education and outreach, training, and intensive mentoring from March to May 2021 at Darul Faqih Islamic Boarding School Malang. The survey results on students’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 showed a good score with the correlation (R-square: P-Value) knowledge-attitude (0.167: 0.000), knowledge-practice (0.060: 0.000) and attitude-practice ( 0.051: 0.000). This community service program was carried out in collaboration with LP2M Universitas Negeri Malang, UPT Wagir Health Center, Polyclinic of Universitas Negeri Malang and the COVID-19 Task Force, Wagir District, Malang Regency. The Santri Husada Program has made a real contribution in suppressing the spread of COVID-19 in the Islamic boarding school environment and led it a tough Islamic boarding school area.

OBJETIVO: Estudar o conhecimento, a atitude e a prática em relação ao uso prévio de métodos anticoncepcionais em adolescentes gestantes, bem como algumas de suas características sociodemográficas e da sua vida sexual. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, associado a inquérito conhecimento, atitude e prática. Envolveu 156 adolescentes grávidas com idade menor ou igual a 19 anos, que responderam a questionário antes da primeira consulta pré-natal, entre outubro de 1999 a agosto de 2000. Foram realizadas análises univariada e bivariada.Para esta foram utilizados os testes qui-quadrado de Pearson e de Yates e de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: As adolescentes apresentaram média de idade de 16,1 anos. Houve predomínio de primigestas (78,8%). A idade média da menarca foi 12,2 anos, sendo 14,5 anos para a primeira relação sexual. Condom (99,4%) e anticoncepcional oral hormonal (98%) foram os métodos anticoncepcionais mais conhecidos. Cerca de 67,3% não estavam utilizando qualquer método antes de ficar grávida. O principal motivo isolado alegado para o não uso foi o desejo de engravidar (24,5%). As adolescentes mais velhas, as que informaram professar alguma religião e as que pertenciam a uma classe socioeconômica mais alta tinham um maior conhecimento dos métodos. As adolescentes multíparas usaram com maior freqüência contraceptivos antes de ficar grávidas. CONCLUSÕES: As adolescentes mostraram ter conhecimento adequado sobre os métodos anticoncepcionais e concordaram com seu uso durante o período da adolescência. A religião, a idade e a classe socioeconômica estão relacionadas ao maior ou mais adequado conhecimento dos métodos, enquanto a multiparidade a seu maior uso. Cinqüenta e quatro por cento de adolescentes usaram algum contraceptivo na primeira relação sexual. Ocorreu um decréscimo de utilização de contraceptivos, havendo um período de tempo curto entre o início da vida sexual e a gravidez.OBJECTIVE: To describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to previous contraceptive methods used among pregnant teenagers as well as to outline some sociodemographic characteristics and sexual practices. METHODS: An observational study associated to the KAP (Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices) survey was carried out in 156 pregnant teenagers aged 19 years or more. A structured questionnaire was applied before their first prenatal visit from October 1999 to August 2000. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using Pearson's and Yates' chi-square test and logistic regression. RESULTS: The adolescents had an average age of 16.1 years and most were in their first pregnancy (78.8%). Average age of menarche was 12.2 years and their first sexual intercourse was at the age of 14.5 years. Condoms (99.4%) and oral contraceptives (98%) were the most common contraceptive methods known. Of all, 67.3% were not using any contraceptive method before getting pregnant. The main reason reported for not using any contraceptive method was wanting to get pregnant (24.5%). The older ones who reported having religious beliefs and had a higher socioeconomic status had better knowledge on contraceptive methods. Teenagers who had had previous pregnancies reported more often use of contraceptive methods before getting pregnant. CONCLUSIONS: The pregnant teenagers showed to have adequate knowledge of contraceptive methods and agreed to use them throughout their teenage years. Religion, age group, and socioeconomic status were directly related to their knowledge on contraceptive methods, and multiple pregnancies brought more awareness on that. Of all, 54% had used any contraceptive on first sexual intercourse but their use decreased over time and shortly after their first intercourse the studied teenagers got pregnant.

AIDS has a disproportionate effect on persons of Latino origin, who have lower knowledge of AIDS than other ethnic groups. This study assessed AIDS knowledge among Latino adults in New Jersey according to acculturation and socioeconomic status. Data on 121 Latino adults were collected in spring 2000 using bilingual telephone interviews. Respondents were selected using the Census' Latino surname methodology. Items were adapted from the National Health Interview Survey Supplement on AIDS Knowledge and Attitudes and the Marin acculturation scale. AIDS knowledge was more strongly associated with language exposure than with self-assessed English or Spanish language abilities. Low educational attainment and bilingual language exposure were associated with lower AIDS knowledge; when other factors were controlled, place of schooling, length of time in the United States, age and gender were not statistically significant. Transmission of HIV via casual contact was widely misunderstood, but general facts about AIDS and likely means of HIV transmission were well known. AIDS education materials should be designed in both English and Spanish and should take into account the lower educational attainment of recent Latino immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Thailand, rabies is an endemic fatal viral zoonosis where 40% of those infected are under age 15. The aim of this rabies KAP study (Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices) is to examine preventive behaviors. A multistage sampling technique was employed for selecting the sample. Of 290 primary school students, 52.1% of them had poor knowledge, 89% had favorable attitudes, and 52.1% exercised proper preventive behaviors. We employed structural equation modeling to verify the systemic relationships and found rabies knowledge (β = .157, se=.059, P = .008) and attitude (β = .206 se=.054, P < .001) were associated with rabies preventive behaviors. Moreover, children in school No.4 statistically had less adept at rabies prevention than others. (β = - .232, se=.054, P < .001). This study highlights the need to strengthen rabies education programs, especially for rabies risk situations among school-aged children.