17 results on '"Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Health"'
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2. Tuberculose: conhecimento e adesão às medidas profiláticas em indivíduos contatos da cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil.
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Queiroz Teixeira, Amanda, Chagas Samico, Isabella, Bezerra Martins, Ariane, Mendonça Galindo, Jadson, de Albuquerque Montenegro, Rosana, and Charifker Schindler, Haiana
- Abstract
Background: For the control of tuberculosis, it is essential to interrupt its chain of transmission. The Ministry of Health recommends 100% of contacts being examined and initiated treatment of the Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In this sense, the knowledge about the disease and adherence to prophylaxis by these contacts are factors that can interfere in the adequate control of tuberculosis. Objective: To describe the knowledge of the contacts of tuberculosis patients on the disease and their adherence to prophylactic measures in the Sanitary District II in Recife / PE. Method: A quantitative and descriptive study was carried out using standardized questionnaires, applied to 140 contacts of tuberculosis notified from January to December 2015. Data analysis carried out through simple frequencies. Results: Among the interviewees, 75.7% were female, 55% brown, with low levels of schooling and family income; of these 84.3% believe that tuberculosis is serious, 48.6% consider that transmission is done by sharing utensils. Only 55% were invited to be examined and 76% reported not knowing they should go to the consultation or the importance of these. Conclusion: The contacts of tuberculosis have poor knowledge about the disease, low adherence to primary health care and the active search for contacts is still inefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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- View/download PDF
3. Experiences of community health agents in the care of drug users
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Patrícia Anjos Lima de Carvalho, Bárbara Santos Ribeiro, Carine de Jesus Soares, Edite Lago da Silva Sena, Sâmia de Carliris Barbosa Malhado, and Thainan Alves Silva
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Community Health Workers ,Cultural Studies ,Conocimiento, Actitudes y Prácticas de Salud ,Drogas Ilícitas ,Agentes Comunitarios de Salud ,DeCS, BIREME) [Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias (fuente] ,Religious studies ,DeCS, BIREME) [Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias (fonte] ,Conhecimento, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde ,Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Health ,Illegal Drugs ,Agentes Comunitários de Saúde ,DeCS, BIREME) [Substance-Related Disorders (source] - Abstract
Resumo Objetivo: Desvelar vivências de agentes comunitários de saúde no cuidado da pessoa consumidora de drogas. Materiais e métodos: Estudo fundamentado na fenomenologia merleau-pontyana, realizado no primeiro semestre de 2018, em um município de médio porte no interior da Bahia, Brasil. Participaram do estudo sete agentes comunitários de saúde, a partir de três encontros de grupo focal. As descrições vivenciais foram gravadas, transcritas e submetidas à técnica analítica da ambiguidade. Resultados: Os participantes vivenciam uma condição conflituosa, na qual, ao mesmo tempo que reconhecem a necessidade de assistir as pessoas que fazem o consumo de drogas, são tomados por um sentimento de impotência que dificulta a prática do cuidado. A impotencialidade parece ser motivada por questões amplas e complexas, a exemplo do preconceito ante os consumidores de drogas e a convivência com o "sucateamento" da atenção básica. Conclusões: Evidenciou-se que os agentes comunitários de saúde vivenciam desmotivações para o cuidado das pessoas consumidoras de drogas, motivadas por diferentes e complexas questões, que vão desde a associação do consumo à imoralidade, à violência e ao narcotráfico, até a convivência com o "sucateamento" da estratégia saúde da família e a preca-rização da categoria desses agentes. Resumen Objetivo: Dar a conocer las experiencias de los agentes comunitarios de salud en el cuidado de personas consumidoras de drogas. Materiales y métodos: Estudio basado en la fenomenología de Merleau-Ponty, realizado en el primer semestre de 2018 en un municipio intermedio al interior del estado de Bahía, Brasil. Siete agentes comunitarios de salud participaron en el estudio, para el cual se desarrollaron tres reuniones bajo la modalidad de grupos focales. Las descripciones experimentales fueron registradas, transcritas y sometidas a la técnica de análisis de ambigüedad. Resultados: Los participantes experimentan una condición conflic-tiva, pues, aunque reconocen la necesidad de ayudar a las personas que usan drogas, al mismo tiempo se sienten abrumados por un sentimiento de impotencia que les dificulta practicar la atención. Este sentimiento parece estar motivado por factores diversos y complejos, como los prejuicios hacia los consumidores de drogas y barreras dentro de la atención primaria en salud. Conclusiones: Se evidencia que los agentes comunitarios de salud experimentan desmotivación hacia la atención de personas consumidoras de drogas como consecuencia de factores diversos y complejos, que van desde la asociación del consumo con la inmoralidad, la violencia y el narcotráfico, hasta el debilitamiento de las estrategias de salud para la familia y la precariedad de sus condiciones como agentes de salud. Abstract Objective: To reveal the experiences of community health agents in the care of drug users. Materials and methods: Study based on Merleau-Ponty phenomenology carried out in the first semester of 2018 in a medium-sized municipality in the interior of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Seven community health agents participated in the study, which included three focus group meetings. The experiential descriptions were recorded, transcribed, and submitted to ambiguity analysis. Results: Participants reported experiencing a conflictive condition since they recognize the need to assist drug users while at the same time they are overrun by a feeling of helplessness that makes it difficult for them to practice care. Such feeling seems to be motivated by broad and complex issues, such as prejudices toward drug users and living with the scrapping of primary health care. Conclusions: Community health agents experience demotivation toward drug users' care due to different and complex issues, ranging from the association of drug consumption with immorality, violence and drug trafficking, up to living with the scrapping of drugs in the family health strategy and the precariousness of the community health agent category.
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- 2021
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4. Blood donation attitudes and knowledge in Spanish undergraduates with roles in health-education
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Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Pedagoxía e Didáctica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina, Martínez Santos, Alba Elena, Fernández de la Iglesia, Josefa del Carmen, Casal Otero, Lorena, Pazos-Couselo, Marcos, Rodríguez González, Raquel, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Pedagoxía e Didáctica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina, Martínez Santos, Alba Elena, Fernández de la Iglesia, Josefa del Carmen, Casal Otero, Lorena, Pazos-Couselo, Marcos, and Rodríguez González, Raquel
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Recent investigations highlight how important it is to identify the key factors involved in the design of strategies to promote blood donation among undergraduates as a public health concern. The study aims to investigate attitudes and knowledge towards blood donation in university students with health education roles and examine the way sociodemographic and educational characteristics play a part in it. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional and multi-center design was used. A structured questionnaire was answered by 1128 Spanish university students (Schools of Health Sciences and Education Sciences). Results: The knowledge test indicated a low score (M = 4.2 out of 10), being Me = 3.00 in the case of Education Sciences and Me = 5.00 in Health Sciences students. The greatest degree of importance is found in the “external incentives” dimension (M = 3.7 out of 5). Health science students and participants with relatives who needed a donation showed fewer “fears” (p ≤ 0.001) and “pretexts” (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: The low knowledge score stresses the need to develop valuable health education-related strategies in the curriculum of studies related with health education; showing room for improvement particularly in Education Science students. Health education interventions aimed at increasing donors in the university environment should be designed while considering differences among undergraduates. Based on their better attitudes, health science students might play a relevant role in promoting blood donation
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- 2022
5. Level of knowledge in parents about the use of toothpaste in association with estimated fluoride intake in children
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Fernández Quintana, Luz, Lloberola Reyes, Claudia S., Caballero García, Stefany, and Leon Rios, Ximena A.
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Dental fluorosis ,Salud bucal ,Oral health ,Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud ,fluoride poisoning ,intoxicación por flúor ,Fluorosis dental ,Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Health ,Dentífricos ,Toothpastes - Abstract
Resumen Introducción: Diversos estudios han demostrado que los padres aún no cuentan con el conocimiento suficiente sobre el uso de pastas dentales que deben consumir sus hijos. Muchos de ellos desconocen desde que edad se debe empezar con el uso de pastas dentales, la cantidad exacta que se debe colocar en el cepillo y sobre todo con qué frecuencia se deben cepillar. Objetivo: Asociar el nivel de conocimiento de los padres sobre el uso de pastas dentales con las características asociadas a la ingesta estimada de fluoruro en niños entre los 6 meses a 8 años de Lima Metropolitana y Callao. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo observacional, descriptivo y transversal. Se realizó el cuestionario a 264 padres de familia residentes en Lima Metropolitana y Callao durante los meses de julio a septiembre del 2020. Se calcularon las frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Para el análisis bivariado, se utilizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado de El nivel de significancia estadística fue de 0.05. Resultados: Se observa que el 52.94% de los padres, así como el 60.41% de las madres presentan un nivel medio de conocimiento sobre el uso de pastas dentales con flúor. Además, se obtuvo que el 56.25% de los padres que afirmaron que sus hijos no se enjuagan con agua después del cepillado presentan un nivel alto de conocimiento sobre el uso de pastas dentales con flúor. Conclusión: Se obtuvo que el 57.58% de los padres tenían un nivel medio de conocimiento sobre el uso de pastas dentales con flúor. Se encontró asociación entre el nivel de conocimiento sobre el uso de pastas dentales con flúor y las características asociadas a la ingesta estimada de fluoruro. Abstract Introduction: Various studies have shown that parents still do not have sufficient knowledge about the use of toothpastes that their children should consume. Many of them do not know from what age to start using toothpastes, the exact amount to be placed on the brush and especially how often they should be brushed. Aim: To associate the level of knowledge of parents about the use of toothpastes with the characteristics associated with the estimated intake of fluoride in children between 6 months to 8 years of Metropolitan Lima and Callao. Materials and methods: An observational, descriptive, and crosssectional study. The questionnaire was carried out on 264 parents residing in Metropolitan Lima and Callao during the months of July to September 2020. The absolute and relative frequencies were calculated. For the bivariate analysis, the Chi-square test of the level of statistical significance was used was 0.05. Results: It is observed that 52.94% of the fathers, as well as 60.41% of the mothers present a medium level of knowledge about the use of fluoride toothpastes. In addition, it was found that 56.25% of parents who stated that their children do not rinse with water after brushing have a high level of knowledge about the use of fluoride toothpastes. Conclusion: It was found that the 57.58% of parents had a median level of knowledge about the use of fluoride toothpastes. An association was found between the level of knowledge about the use of fluoride toothpastes and the characteristics associated with the estimated fluoride intake.
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- 2022
6. Blood donation attitudes and knowledge in Spanish undergraduates with roles in health-education
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Alba-Elena Martínez-Santos, Josefa-del-Carmen Fernández-De-La-Iglesia, Lorena Casal-Otero, Marcos Pazos-Couselo, Raquel Rodríguez-González, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Pedagoxía e Didáctica, and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Radioloxía, Saúde Pública, Enfermaría e Medicina
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Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Health ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,education ,Humans ,Blood Donors ,Hematology ,Blood donors ,Students ,Knowledge, attitudes and practice in health ,Health Education ,Education - Abstract
Recent investigations highlight how important it is to identify the key factors involved in the design of strategies to promote blood donation among undergraduates as a public health concern. The study aims to investigate attitudes and knowledge towards blood donation in university students with health education roles and examine the way sociodemographic and educational characteristics play a part in it. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional and multi-center design was used. A structured questionnaire was answered by 1128 Spanish university students (Schools of Health Sciences and Education Sciences). Results: The knowledge test indicated a low score (M = 4.2 out of 10), being Me = 3.00 in the case of Education Sciences and Me = 5.00 in Health Sciences students. The greatest degree of importance is found in the “external incentives” dimension (M = 3.7 out of 5). Health science students and participants with relatives who needed a donation showed fewer “fears” (p ≤ 0.001) and “pretexts” (p ≤ 0.01). Conclusions: The low knowledge score stresses the need to develop valuable health education-related strategies in the curriculum of studies related with health education; showing room for improvement particularly in Education Science students. Health education interventions aimed at increasing donors in the university environment should be designed while considering differences among undergraduates. Based on their better attitudes, health science students might play a relevant role in promoting blood donation SI
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- 2021
7. Cervical cancer: knowledge, attitude and practice on the prevention examination
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Sheyla Costa de Oliveira, Cleide Maria Pontes, Telma Marques da Silva, Alessandro Henrique da Silva Santos, Ester Marcele Ferreira de Melo, and Francisca Márcia Pereira Linhares
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Adult ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,Cross-sectional study ,RT1-120 ,Women’s Health ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Nursing ,Family income ,Wald test ,Young Adult ,symbols.namesake ,Cancer screening ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,Poisson regression ,Early Detection of Cancer ,General Nursing ,Middle Aged ,Test (assessment) ,Women's Health Services ,Exact test ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Family medicine ,symbols ,Female ,Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Health ,Psychology ,Brazil ,Papanicolaou Test - Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of women on the cervical-uterine cancer screening and to investigate their association with sociodemographic variables. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out from July to September 2015, with 500 women enrolled in the Basic Health Units of the Health District V, of the city of Recife-PE. For data collection, a semi-structured form was used. In statistical analysis, the Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact Test were applied and, in the multivariate analysis, the Poisson model and Wald statistic. Results: the prevalence of adequate knowledge, attitude and practice was 35.2%, 98% and 70.6%, respectively. Adequate knowledge was associated with having no children, having a family income of two minimum wages and Spiritist/Afro-Brazilian religion. Conclusion: women carry out the examination, deem it necessary, but do not have adequate knowledge, which demonstrates the need for educational actions by nurses and other health professionals.
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- 2019
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8. Blood donation attitudes and knowledge in Spanish undergraduates with roles in health-education.
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Martínez-Santos, Alba-Elena, Fernández-De-La-Iglesia, Josefa-del-Carmen, Casal-Otero, Lorena, Pazos-Couselo, Marcos, and Rodríguez-González, Raquel
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BLOOD donors , *ALLIED health education , *COLLEGE students , *HIGHER education , *SCIENCE students , *PUBLIC health , *HEALTH education , *MEDICAL science education - Abstract
Recent investigations highlight how important it is to identify the key factors involved in the design of strategies to promote blood donation among undergraduates as a public health concern. The study aims to investigate attitudes and knowledge towards blood donation in university students with health education roles and examine the way sociodemographic and educational characteristics play a part in it. A cross-sectional and multi-center design was used. A structured questionnaire was answered by 1128 Spanish university students (Schools of Health Sciences and Education Sciences). The knowledge test indicated a low score (M = 4.2 out of 10), being Me = 3.00 in the case of Education Sciences and Me = 5.00 in Health Sciences students. The greatest degree of importance is found in the "external incentives" dimension (M = 3.7 out of 5). Health science students and participants with relatives who needed a donation showed fewer "fears" (p ≤ 0.001) and "pretexts" (p ≤ 0.01). The low knowledge score stresses the need to develop valuable health education-related strategies in the curriculum of studies related with health education; showing room for improvement particularly in Education Science students. Health education interventions aimed at increasing donors in the university environment should be designed while considering differences among undergraduates. Based on their better attitudes, health science students might play a relevant role in promoting blood donation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Tuberculosis: knowledge and adherence to prophylactic measures in contact individuals of the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Ariane Bezerra Martins, Haiana Charifker Schindler, Amanda Queiroz Teixeira, Jadson Mendonça Galindo, Isabella Chagas Samico, and Rosana de Albuquerque Montenegro
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conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde ,tuberculose ,prevention of diseases ,adesão ,General Medicine ,knowledge, attitudes and practice in health ,primary health care ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,tuberculosis ,030228 respiratory system ,030212 general & internal medicine ,prevenção de doença ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,atenção primária à saúde - Abstract
Resumo Introdução Para o controle da tuberculose, é fundamental interromper a cadeia de transmissão da doença. O Ministério da Saúde preconiza que 100% dos contatos sejam examinados e iniciem tratamento da Infecção Latente por Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nesse sentido, o conhecimento sobre a doença e a adesão à profilaxia por parte desses contatos são fatores que podem interferir no adequado controle da tuberculose. Objetivo Descrever o conhecimento dos contatos de portadores de tuberculose sobre a doença e sua adesão às medidas profiláticas no Distrito Sanitário II em Recife/PE. Método Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, utilizando questionários padronizados, aplicados a 140 contatos de tuberculose notificados de janeiro a dezembro de 2015. Análise dos dados realizada por meio de frequências simples. Resultados Dentre os entrevistados, 75,7% eram do sexo feminino, 55% pardos, com baixos níveis de escolaridade e renda familiar. Destes, 84,3% acreditam que a tuberculose é grave, 48,6% consideram que a transmissão se faz compartilhando utensílios. Apenas 55% foram convidados para serem examinados e 76% referiram não saber que deveriam ir à consulta ou a importância desta. Conclusão Os contatos de tuberculose possuem precário conhecimento sobre a doença, baixa adesão à atenção primária à saúde e a busca ativa dos contatos ainda é ineficiente. Abstract Background For the control of tuberculosis, it is essential to interrupt its chain of transmission. The Ministry of Health recommends 100% of contacts being examined and initiated treatment of the Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In this sense, the knowledge about the disease and adherence to prophylaxis by these contacts are factors that can interfere in the adequate control of tuberculosis. Objective To describe the knowledge of the contacts of tuberculosis patients on the disease and their adherence to prophylactic measures in the Sanitary District II in Recife / PE. Method A quantitative and descriptive study was carried out using standardized questionnaires, applied to 140 contacts of tuberculosis notified from January to December 2015. Data analysis carried out through simple frequencies. Results Among the interviewees, 75.7% were female, 55% brown, with low levels of schooling and family income; of these 84.3% believe that tuberculosis is serious, 48.6% consider that transmission is done by sharing utensils. Only 55% were invited to be examined and 76% reported not knowing they should go to the consultation or the importance of these. Conclusion The contacts of tuberculosis have poor knowledge about the disease, low adherence to primary health care and the active search for contacts is still inefficient.
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- 2020
10. Knowledge, attitudes and practices on medical students in Mayaro virus, 2017
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Ginno Alessandro De Benedictis-Serrano, Alfonzo David Chirino Caicedo, and Carlos Miguel Rios-González
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Medicine students ,Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud ,Infecciones por Arbovirus ,Family medicine ,medicine ,Arbovirus Infection ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Health ,Psychology ,Estudiantes de Medicina ,Virus ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
RESUMEN Introducción: En América Latina hay varios Arbovirus que afectan a las poblaciones y presentan síntomas similares, como el virus Mayaro, que no ha sido profundamente estudiado en el continente, teniendo una alta capacidad para diseminarse Objetivo: determinar los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre el Mayaro en estudiantes de medicina de Latinoamérica durante los meses de Julio a Agosto de 2017. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio, observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con muestreo no probabilístico, por conveniencia en estudiantes de medicina. Resultados: Fueron incluidos en el estudio 989 estudiantes de medicina, de 18 a 32 años de edad, de los cuales el 58,24% (576) perteneció al sexo masculino, fueron del tercer año 33,47(331), y el 44,08% de los participantes fueron de Venezuela (446). El nivel de conocimiento fue en 71,39%(706) bajo, 24,97% (247) considera que el público tiene el papel más importante en el control del Mayaro, asimismo el 39,23% (388) no utiliza repelentes. Conclusión: El nivel de conocimiento general fue bajo, las actitudes indecisa/dudosa y las practicas adecuadas. ABSTRACT Introduction: In Latin America there are several arboviruses that affect populations and present similar symptoms, such as the Mayaro virus, which has not been studied extensively on the continent, having a high capacity to spread Objective: to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices about the Mayaro in medical students from Latin America during the months of July to August 2017. Material and methods: A cross-sectional, observational, cross-sectional, non-probabilistic study was conducted for convenience in medical students. Results: A total of 989 medical students aged 18-32 years were included in the study, of whom 58.24% (576) were male, were third year 33.47 (331), and 44, 08% of the participants were from Venezuela (446). The level of knowledge was 71.39% (706) low, 24.97% (247) considered that the public has the most important role in the control of Mayaro, and 39.23% (388) do not use repellents. Conclusion: The level of general knowledge was low, indecisive / doubtful attitudes and appropriate practices.
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- 2018
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11. CARACTERIZACAO DE USUARIOS HIPERTENSOS E ADESAO AO TRATAMENTO EM UNIDADE DE SAUDE DA FAMILIA.
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Henrique dos Santos Alves, Bruno, Abila Prado, Monalisa, Codonho G¢es, Nadielly, Marinilza Beccaria, L£cia, and Bernardi Cesarino, Cludia
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- Published
- 2012
12. The impact of the diagnosis of tuberculosis through its social representations
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Iací Proença Palmeira, Ivaneide Leal Ataíde Rodrigues, Claudia dos Santos Ozela, Kamila Nancy Gonçalves da Gama, and Angela Maria Rodrigues Ferreira
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Adult ,Male ,Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ,Social psychology (sociology) ,Impacto Psicosocial ,Tuberculosis ,Social Psychology ,Impacto Psicossocial ,Sorrow ,Psychosocial Impact ,Disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diagnosis ,medicine ,Humans ,Tuberculose ,Psicología Social ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Objectification ,Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde ,Everyday life ,Qualitative Research ,General Nursing ,lcsh:RT1-120 ,Chi-Square Distribution ,lcsh:Nursing ,Social Identification ,030504 nursing ,Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud ,Psicologia Social ,Diagnóstico ,medicine.disease ,Action (philosophy) ,Female ,Descriptive research ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Health ,Social psychology ,Brazil - Abstract
Objective: To identify people’s way of acting after the diagnosis of tuberculosis, through their social representations about the disease. Method: Qualitative and descriptive study based on the Theory of Social Representations, in which 23 patients of a school health center in Belém, PA, Brazil, participated. The software ALCESTE was used to generate a class concerning the impact of the diagnosis in people’s lives. Results: The dimension of a new reality caused by the diagnosis of tuberculosis is linked with the image of dirt, (process of objectification) communicable/mortal disease that exclude, causing sorrow, despair and revolt (dimension of the affections), reverberating in the patients’ actions (dimension of action). Final considerations: global knowledge about tuberculosis, linking the knowledge of everyday life with the reified universe, pointing the multidimensionality of the phenomenon. The conclusion is that investing in the deconstruction of archaic beliefs about the tuberculosis that kills, replacing it with the curable tuberculosis, is necessary. RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar el modo de actuar de las personas ante el diagnóstico de la tuberculosis, a partir de sus representaciones sociales sobre la enfermedad. Método: Investigación cualitativa y descriptiva basada en la Teoría de las Representaciones Sociales, en que participaron 23 pacientes de un Centro de Salud Escuela en Belém (Pará, Brasil). Se utilizó el programa informático ALCESTE, que generó una clase referente al impacto del diagnóstico en la vida de las personas. Resultados: La dimensión de lo nuevo, derivada del diagnóstico de la tuberculosis, se articula a la imagen de suciedad, de enfermedad transmisible/mortal y que excluye (proceso de objetivación), causando tristeza, desespero e indignación (dimensión de los afectos), lo que repercute en las acciones (dimensión de la acción) de los pacientes. Consideraciones finales: Los pacientes tienen un conocimiento global sobre la tuberculosis, que articula saberes del cotidiano a los del universo reificado, señalando la multidimensionalidad del fenómeno. Se concluye acerca de la necesidad de invertir en la desconstrucción de creencias arcaicas de la tuberculosis que mata a la tuberculosis que tiene cura. RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar o modo de agir das pessoas ante o diagnóstico da tuberculose, a partir de suas representações sociais sobre a doença. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva embasada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, em que participaram 23 pacientes de um Centro de Saúde Escola em Belém (PA). Utilizou-se o software ALCESTE, gerando uma classe referente ao impacto do diagnóstico na vida das pessoas. Resultados: A dimensão do novo, decorrente do diagnóstico da tuberculose, se articula à imagem de sujeira, de doença transmissível/mortal e que exclui (processo de objetivação), causando tristeza, desespero e revolta (dimensão dos afetos), repercutindo nas ações (dimensão da ação) dos pacientes. Considerações finais: Os pacientes têm um conhecimento global sobre a tuberculose, articulando saberes do cotidiano aos do universo reificado, apontando a multidimensionalidade do fenômeno. Conclui-se sobre a necessidade de se investir na desconstrução de crenças arcaicas sobre a tuberculose que mata para a tuberculose que tem cura.
- Published
- 2019
13. Práticas e cuidados maternos com a saúde bucal do filho: uma visão voltada para a rotina domiciliar
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Aguiar, Brunno Henrique Kill and Arrais, Alessandra da Rocha
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Percepção social ,Relações mãe-filho ,Saúde bucal ,Conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas em saúde ,Social perception ,Mother-child relationships ,Oral health ,Knowledge, attitudes and practice in health ,Odontologia ,Odontopediatria ,Odontologia Social e Preventiva - Abstract
Introduction: The knowledge, perceptions and attitudes about oral health expressed by maternal figures are important and deserve attention. Action planning and understanding of values, attitudes and beliefs in health are social and biological phenomena lived culturally. Oral health education in the home environment is a promising optio for the educational process because of the ease of learning on the part of the children. Objective: To verify the knowledge of mothers about oral health in childhood, observing the practices and home care established by these women with the oral health of their child. Method: It was a qualitative and quantitative research that analyzed the data related to the practices and home maternal care with the oral hygiene of children, hospitalized in a Hospital in the Distrito Federal (DF). Results: The mean age of the children was 2 years. It turned out that 98% of mothers responded that their children have clean teeth when they are at home and 2% said no. Through the research it was found that 53% of children have visited the dentist at least once in their lifetime and 47% never went to the dentist. Conclusion: With the proposed study, it was possible to observe that despite the large percentage of children who never went to the dentist, there is a high adherence to oral cleaning practices at home, with the mother being the main family member responsible for caring for her child., Introdução: O conhecimento, as percepções e atitudes sobre saúde bucal expressas pelas figuras maternas são importantes e merecem atenção. O planejamento de ações e a compreensão dos valores, atitudes e crenças em saúde são fenômenos sociais e biológicos vividos culturalmente. A educação em saúde bucal no ambiente domiciliar é uma opção promissora para o processo educativo devido à facilidade de aprendizagem por parte das crianças. Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento das mães sobre saúde bucal na infância, observando as práticas e cuidados domiciliares estabelecidos por essas mulheres com a saúde bucal de seu filho. Método: Foi uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa que analisou os dados relacionados às práticas e cuidados maternos domiciliares com a higiene bucal de crianças, internadas num Hospital no Distrito Federal (DF). Resultados: A média de idade das crianças foi de 2 anos. Revelou-se 98% das mães responderam que seus filhos têm os dentes limpos quando estão em casa e 2% responderam que não. Através da pesquisa obteve-se que 53% das crianças já visitaram o dentista pelo menos uma vez na vida e 47% nunca foram ao dentista. Conclusão: Com o estudo proposto foi possível observar que apesar do maior percentual de crianças nunca terem ido ao dentista existe uma grande adesão às práticas de limpeza bucais domiciliares, sendo a mãe a principal figura familiar responsável pelos cuidados com seu filho.
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- 2019
14. DECLIVE COGNITIVO: CONOCIMIENTOS, ACTITUDES Y PRÁCTICAS PREVENTIVAS DE ANCIANOS EN COMUNIDAD
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Priscila Aguiar Mendes, Rosemeiry Capriata de Souza Azevedo, Annelita Almeida Oliveira Reiners, Ana Carolina Macri Gaspar, and Neuber José Segri
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Ciências da saúde ,Enfermagem ,Cognición ,Conocimientos, actitudes y práctica en salud ,Anciano ,Enfermería geriátrica ,Prevención de enfermedades ,Cognição ,Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde ,Idoso ,Enfermagem geriátrica ,Prevenção de doenças ,Cognition ,Knowledge, attitudes and practice in health ,Older adult ,Geriatric nursing ,Disease prevention ,General Nursing - Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and practices for the prevention of cognitive decline carried out by older adults. Method: a crosssectionalstudy was carried out with 557 older adults attended at the Family Health Units of a municipality of Mato Grosso from February to Mayof 2015. The data were collected through an interview using a structured questionnaire with questions on knowledge, attitudes and practices forthe prevention of cognitive decline based on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice surveys. A bivariate analysis was performed between the variablesknowledge, attitudes and practices for the prevention of cognitive decline, as well as Poisson multiple regression by the forward stepwise method.Results: 469 (84.2%) of the older adults presented unsatisfactory knowledge; 523 (93.9%) a favorable attitude; and 307 (55.1%) performed practices toprevent cognitive decline. An association was found between satisfactory knowledge and practices for the prevention of cognitive decline (p=0.027).Conclusion: These findings provide support for health actions that aim to increase the performance of preventive practices in this population. Objetivo: avaliar o conhecimento, as atitudes e as práticas preventivas do declínio cognitivo realizadas pelos idosos.Método: estudo transversal, desenvolvido com 557 idosos atendidos nas Unidades de Saúde da Família de ummunicípio de Mato Grosso, nos meses de fevereiro a maio de 2015. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista,utilizando questionário estruturado com perguntas sobre conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas preventivas de declíniocognitivo baseado nos inquéritos: Conhecimento, Atitude e Práticas. Realizou-se análise bivariada entre as variáveisconhecimento, atitude e práticas preventivas de declínio cognitivo e regressão múltipla de Poisson pelo método stepwiseforward. Resultados: os idosos com conhecimento insatisfatório foram 469 (84,2%); atitude favorável, 523 (93,9%); edesenvolvem práticas preventivas do declínio cognitivo, 307 (55,1%). Foi encontrada associação entre conhecimentosatisfatório e práticas preventivas de declínio cognitivo (p=0,027). Conclusão: Tais achados fornecem subsídios paraações em saúde, com a finalidade de elevar a realização das práticas preventivas nessa população. Objetivo: evaluar el conocimiento, las actitudes y las prácticas preventivas del declive cognitivo que ocurre en ancianos. Método: estudio trasversal,desarrollado con 557 ancianos atendidos en las Unidades de Salud de la Familia de un municipio de Mato Grosso, en los meses de febrero a mayode 2015. Se recogieron los datos por medio de entrevista, utilizándose cuestionario estructurado con preguntas acerca de conocimientos, actitudes yprácticas preventivas de declive cognitivo considerándose las investigaciones: Conocimiento, Actitud y Prácticas. Se realizó análisis bivariado entrelas variables conocimiento, actitud y prácticas preventivas de declive cognitivo y regresión múltiple de Poisson por el método stepwise forward.Resultados: los ancianos con conocimiento insatisfactorio fueron 469 (84,2%); actitud favorable, 523 (93,9%); y desarrollan prácticas preventivas deldeclive cognitivo, 307 (55,1%). Hubo asociación entre conocimiento satisfactorio y prácticas preventivas de declive cognitivo (p=0,027). Conclusión:Esos hallazgos dan subsidios para acciones en salud y pueden elevar la realización de las prácticas preventivas en esa población.
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- 2018
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15. The impact of the diagnosis of tuberculosis through its social representations
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Kamila Nancy Gonçalves da Gama, Iací Proença Palmeira, Ivaneide Leal Ataíde Rodrigues, Angela Maria Rodrigues Ferreira, and Claudia dos Santos Ozela
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Tuberculosis ,Social Psychology ,Diagnosis ,Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Health ,Psychosocial Impact ,Nursing ,RT1-120 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To identify people’s way of acting after the diagnosis of tuberculosis, through their social representations about the disease. Method: Qualitative and descriptive study based on the Theory of Social Representations, in which 23 patients of a school health center in Belém, PA, Brazil, participated. The software ALCESTE was used to generate a class concerning the impact of the diagnosis in people’s lives. Results: The dimension of a new reality caused by the diagnosis of tuberculosis is linked with the image of dirt, (process of objectification) communicable/mortal disease that exclude, causing sorrow, despair and revolt (dimension of the affections), reverberating in the patients’ actions (dimension of action). Final considerations: global knowledge about tuberculosis, linking the knowledge of everyday life with the reified universe, pointing the multidimensionality of the phenomenon. The conclusion is that investing in the deconstruction of archaic beliefs about the tuberculosis that kills, replacing it with the curable tuberculosis, is necessary.
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16. CARACTERIZACIÓN DE USUARIOS HIPERTENSOS Y ADESIÓN AL TRATAMIENTO EN UNIDAD DE SALUD DE LA FAMILIA
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Bruno Henrique dos Santos Alves, Nadielly Codonho Góes, Claudia Bernardi Cesarino, Lúcia Marinilza Beccaria, and Monalisa Abila Prado
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Conocimientos, actitudes y práctica en salud ,Tratamiento ,Hipertensión ,Salud de la Familia ,Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde ,Tratamento ,Hipertensão ,Saúde da família ,Knowledge, attitudes and practice in health ,Treatment ,Hypertension ,Family health ,General Nursing - Abstract
Este estudo caracterizou o perfil sociodemográfico de 100 usuários hipertensos, entre 500 cadastrados em Unidades de Saúde da Família e identificou fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento. Os dados foram coletados entre julho e outubro de 2011 por meio de visita domiciliar, agrupados em planilha do programa Microsoft Office Excel 2007 e analisados utilizado estatística descritiva e aplicação do teste qui-quadrado. Majoritariamente os hipertensos eram mulheres entre 50 e 69 anos com sobrepeso. Verificou-se que a maioria dos usuários não abandonou o tratamento, mas o realizava em local diverso da unidade. Os motivos relacionados ao abandono ou seguimento inadequado foram a realização do tratamento com cardiologista em outros serviços de saúde, dificuldade de acesso à unidade de saúde e considerar desnecessário o tratamento. Ressalta-se a importância de identificar os motivos para o abandono do tratamento e seu seguimento na unidade de origem para implantação de intervenção. This study describes the socio-demographic profile of 100 hypertensive service users, out of 500 registered in Family Health Units. It identified factors associated with abandoning treatment. Data was collected between July and December 2011 through home visiting, was grouped in Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheets, and was analyzed with descriptive statistics and the application of the chi-square test. The majority of the hypertensives were overweight women between 50 and 69 years of age. It was ascertained that the majority of the service users had not abandoned treatment, but were, rather, having it away from the unit. The motives related to abandoning treatment or failing to follow treatment instructions properly were carrying out treatment with a cardiologist in another health service, difficulty of access to the health unit, and considering the treatment un-necessary. The study highlights the importance of identifying the reasons for abandoning treatment or its proper following in the original unit, so as to improve intervention. Este estudio caracterizó el perfil sociodemográfico de 100 usuarios hipertensos, entre 500 cadastrados en Unidades de Salud de la Familia e identificó factores asociados al abandono del tratamiento. Los datos fueron recogidos entre julio y diciembre de 2011 por medio de visita domiciliar, agrupados en planilla del programa Microsoft Office Excel 2007 y analizados utilizádose estadística descriptiva y aplicación del test “qui-quadrado”. Los hipertensos eran en la mayoría mujeres entre 50 y 69 años con sobrepeso. Se verificó que la mayor parte de los usuarios no abandonó el tratamiento, pero lo realizava en local diverso de la unidad. Los motivos relacionados al abandono o realización inadecuada fueron la realización del tratamiento con cardiologista en otros servicios de salud, dificultad de acceso a la unidad de salud y considerar desnecesario el tratamiento. Se destaca la importancia de identificar los motivos para el abandono del tratamiento y su realización en la unidad de origen para implantación de intervención.
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- 2012
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17. Cervical cancer: knowledge, attitude and practice on the prevention examination
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Ester Marcele Ferreira de Melo, Francisca Márcia Pereira Linhares, Telma Marques da Silva, Cleide Maria Pontes, Alessandro Henrique da Silva Santos, and Sheyla Costa de Oliveira
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Nursing ,Women’s Health ,Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ,Papanicolaou Test ,Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice in Health ,RT1-120 - Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of women on the cervical-uterine cancer screening and to investigate their association with sociodemographic variables. Method: a cross-sectional study, carried out from July to September 2015, with 500 women enrolled in the Basic Health Units of the Health District V, of the city of Recife-PE. For data collection, a semi-structured form was used. In statistical analysis, the Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact Test were applied and, in the multivariate analysis, the Poisson model and Wald statistic. Results: the prevalence of adequate knowledge, attitude and practice was 35.2%, 98% and 70.6%, respectively. Adequate knowledge was associated with having no children, having a family income of two minimum wages and Spiritist/Afro-Brazilian religion. Conclusion: women carry out the examination, deem it necessary, but do not have adequate knowledge, which demonstrates the need for educational actions by nurses and other health professionals.
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