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Although providing child care and family residency options has become central to substance abuse treatment for women with dependent children, research documenting status of child coresidence prior to, during, and following treatment is currently unavailable. The purpose of this study is to examine the degree to which mothers are successful in maintaining or reestablishing their role as parents during the course of treatment. The sample included 152 female clients admitted to a residential drug treatment program for women with dependent children. Findings document an increase in child coresidency from admission to follow-up. Women who entered treatment with all children or who were reunited with children previously in others' care at admission were over five times more likely to coreside with all children at follow-up. At follow-up, mothers who reported complete coresidence were more likely to be 30 years old or younger, live independently, and have fewer than two parenting challenges.

This study examined the relationship between perceptions of parent-child relations in the family of origin and antisocial tendency in a sample of drug-addicted adults. Data included retrospective accounts of childhood family factors, adolescent antisocial tendency, and self-reported hostility and risk-taking prior to treatment entry. A developmental model was tested that included adolescent antisocial tendency as a mediator of the relationship between childhood parenting factors and adulthood antisocial tendency. The effects of parental support and conflict were found to operate primarily through adolescent measures. Specifically, lower levels of parental support and higher levels of conflict with parents predicted greater adolescent antisocial tendency, which in turn predicted more hostility and risk-taking in adulthood. Thus, parental support appears to serve as a buffer against deviant behavior and drug use., INTRODUCTION Drug-dependent adults enter treatment with a variety of psychosocial problems that can interfere with treatment efforts. In addition to low self-esteem and depression, many drug-dependent clients report a history [...]

Treatment efforts appear to be effective in reducing crime among drug using individuals, but components of the treatment process associated with client improvement need to be identified. Furthermore, these elements of treatment may play an intermediate role in the connection between client background characteristics and later criminal activity. The current study examines a structural equation model including client perceptions of their drug related problems, peer deviance, and family dysfunction as influences upon the formation of therapeutic relationships during treatment and rearrests following treatment. Results showed therapeutic relationships were positively associated with recognition of drug related problems and negatively related to rearrest. Peer deviance also was positively related to rearrest.

The value of using a visual representation strategy, called node-linking mapping, was evaluated in individual and group drug abuse counseling settings. Methadone maintenance clients were randomly assigned to counselors trained to use mapping techniques (n = 57), and those who used standard counseling (n = 51). Clients in the mapping counseling group had more favorable perceptions of their own therapeutic engagement arid progress as indicated by ratings of cognitive-behavioral and motivational attributes than did those in standard counseling. Overall, individual sessions were viewed by clients as being more valuable than group counseling, but the use of mapping increased the helpfulness attributed to group counseling to near die same level as individual counseling., INTRODUCTION Recent approaches to the training and practice of counseling have emphasized the importance of cognitively-based problem-solving methods (1-3). Generally, problem solving is viewed as a series of steps that [...]

Although there is increasing emphasis on providing drug treatment programs for women that address their specific needs (including parenting and childcare), some women still fail to complete treatment. Because of the limited information about the barriers involved, this study examines pretreatment characteristics as predictors of program completion for 87 women who were pregnant or who entered residential treatment with their children. By using a multivariate prediction model, three significant predictors of treatment completion were identified: education level, recent arrests, and peer deviance. Women who completed program requirements were more likely to have a high school degree or equivalent, no arrests in the 6 months before admission, and friends who were less deviant. These findings support the need for specialized education and services that address social deviancy of pregnant and/ or parenting women. Other predictors that approached significance and deserve further study include marital status, number of children in treatment, child welfare involvement, cocaine use, and psychological depression., There has been an increasing number of residential substance abuse treatment facilities for addicted women with dependent children in recent years, partially in response to evidence that the lack of [...]

THE RATE OF SUBSTANCE1 use (SU)among individuals involved in the juvenilejustice (JJ) system is high. While commonlyused within JJ setting, risk assessmenttools that include SU items are not designedto diagnose SU or mental health problems(Vincent, Guy, & Grisso, 2012); yet manyJJ agencies rely solely on risk and needassessments when making SU referral decisions. When the two versions ofthe TCU DS were compared in a sample ofjustice-involved adolescents and adults, resultsindicated similar SUD classification rates;however, the TCU DS 5 diagnosed significantlymore individuals with a SUD, most ofwhom were classified as mild (Knight, Blue,Flynn, & Knight, 2018). The TCU DS 5 appears to be more in linewith lifetime SU scales from the GAIN ratherthan past month, which is not surprising giventhat the time frame for the TCU DS 5 is 12months (identical to the DSM-5 and closerto "lifetime" for some adolescents). [Extracted from the article]

Recovery among adolescents undergoing substance abuse treatment was modeled in terms of pre-treatment motivation, therapeutic relationships, psychological functioning, treatment retention, legal pressures, DSM diagnoses, and client demographics. To address between program differences, a within-covariance matrix, based on 547 youth, was used. Applicability of the results across treatment modalities was also examined. The data were from the NIDA-sponsored DATOS Adolescent study. Results from structural equation models (estimated using Mplus) indicated that higher pre-treatment motivation predicted stronger counselor and in-treatment peer relationships, better counselor relationships and retention predicted less illegal drug use at follow-up, and DSM diagnosis was important in the treatment process. Overall, illegal drug use at follow-up was associated with post-treatment alcohol consumption, cigarette use, condom nonuse, psychological distress, criminality, and school non-attendance. The results document the importance of motivation and therapeutic relationships on recovery, even when taking into account the relative effects of legal pressures, DSM diagnoses, and demographics., (© 2014.)