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2. Identifizierung der Nitratabbauprozesse und Prognose des Nitratabbaupotenzials in den Sedimenten des Hessischen Rieds. Identification of denitrification processes and prognoses of denitrification potential in the sediments of the Hessian Ried

Author

Kludt, C., Weber, F.-A., Bergmann, A., Knöller, Kay, Berthold, G., Schüth, C., Kludt, C., Weber, F.-A., Bergmann, A., Knöller, Kay, Berthold, G., and Schüth, C.

Abstract

Mikrobiologische Abbauprozesse tragen maßgeblich zur Minderung der Nitratbelastung in sedimentären Grundwasserleitern bei, indem Nitrat unter Verbrauch von organischem Kohlenstoff (heterotroph) und Eisensulfiden bspw. Pyrit (autotroph) reduziert wird. Allerdings sind diese Phasen in Sedimenten oft nur in Spuren vorhanden und werden im Verlauf der Reaktionen aufgebraucht, sodass der Nitratabbau zum Erliegen kommen könnte. Um Maßnahmen im Zuge der EG-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie umsetzen zu können, wurden das Nitratabbaupotenzial und die Abbauprozesse in den z. T. stark nitratbelasteten Grundwasserleitern des Hessischen Rieds untersucht. Das Abbaupotenzial wurde an Bohrkernproben mittels Festphasenanalytik quantifiziert und charakterisiert. Mit tiefenorientierter Untersuchung der Hydrochemie (u. a. stabile Isotope und N2Exzess) konnten Nitrateinträge, Abbaufortschritt und Abbauprozesse sowie durchschnittliche Abbauraten im Anstrom ausgewählter Grundwassermessstellen bestimmt werden. Trotz geringer Sulfidgehalte (max. 123 mg-S/kg) konnte oft ein dominant autotropher Nitratabbau nachgewiesen werden. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie dienen der Ausweisung von Risikogebieten, in deren Abstrom in naher Zukunft, bei gleichbleibend hohen Nitrateinträgen, mit nachlassendem Nitratabbau gerechnet werden muss.AbstractMicrobial denitrification contributes significantly to the mitigation of nitrate contamination in sedimentary aquifers by reducing nitrate coupled to the consumption of organic carbon (heterotrophic) and iron sulphides like pyrite (autotrophic). However, these phases are often only present in trace amounts and can become depleted, so that denitrification will eventually cease. In order to implement measures within the EC-Water Framework Directive, we investigated the denitrification potential and the denitrification processes in the sediments of the Hessian Ried. The reduction potential was quantified and characterized by solid-phase analyses of dril

Published
2016

3. Next-generation lung cancer pathology: Development and validation of diagnostic and prognostic algorithms.

Author

Kludt C, Wang Y, Ahmad W, Bychkov A, Fukuoka J, Gaisa N, Kühnel M, Jonigk D, Pryalukhin A, Mairinger F, Klein F, Schultheis AM, Seper A, Hulla W, Brägelmann J, Michels S, Klein S, Quaas A, Büttner R, and Tolkach Y

Subjects
Humans, Prognosis, Female, Male, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell diagnosis, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis, Algorithms, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung diagnosis
Abstract

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. In this study, we develop a clinically useful computational pathology platform for NSCLC that can be a foundation for multiple downstream applications and provide immediate value for patient care optimization and individualization. We train the primary multi-class tissue segmentation algorithm on a substantial, high-quality, manually annotated dataset of whole-slide images with lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas. We investigate two downstream applications. NSCLC subtyping algorithm is trained and validated using a large, multi-institutional (n = 6), multi-scanner (n = 5), international cohort of NSCLC cases (slides/patients 4,097/1,527). Moreover, we develop four AI-derived, fully explainable, quantitative, prognostic parameters (based on tertiary lymphoid structure and necrosis assessment) and validate them for different clinical endpoints. The computational platform enables the high-precision, quantitative analysis of H&E-stained slides. The developed prognostic parameters facilitate robust and independent risk stratification of patients with NSCLC., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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4. Effects of control and motivation on treatment outcome.

Author

Kludt CJ and Perlmuter L

Subjects
Adult, Analysis of Variance, Depression psychology, Female, Heroin Dependence rehabilitation, Heroin Dependence urine, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Methadone therapeutic use, Narcotics therapeutic use, Patient Dropouts, Regression Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Heroin Dependence psychology, Motivation
Abstract

This investigation was designed to determine who would benefit most from enhanced motivation, increased awareness of control, and the opportunity to make choices in substance abuse treatment. Thirty males and 21 females participated in treatment planning, goal setting, and determining methadone dosage level. Subjects were assigned at random to the Choice or Force condition. Choice group subjects were allowed to choose the type of treatment and their urinalysis schedule. No significant differences between groups on treatment outcome variables were found. However, higher motivation at the start of treatment predicted greater depression after 12 weeks. Results suggest that more highly motivated individuals seeking relief from substance dependency may be more vulnerable to depression which, in turn, can attenuate treatment effectiveness.

Published
1999
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