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The dissertation examines evolution of intellectual ideas of nation and nationalism of Uyghurs, a Turkic nation inhabiting today's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in northwestern China, throughout the period from 1880s to 1949. Primary sources of the research are texts written by Uyghur intellectuals throughout the period, in particular historiography works, poems, journalistic articles, memoires, political essays and propaganda pamphlets. Most of the sources have not been previously researched, the dissertation therefore presents new information and conclusions. The perceptions of nation and nationalism in the sources are also juxtaposed to several general authoritative approaches to nation-formation processes, such as those of Benedict Anderson, Ernst Gellner, Anthony Smith, Miroslav Hroch and John Breuilly. Based primarily on the criteria of historical chronology and content of the respective sources, the dissertation is structured into four empirical chapters. The first chapter examines perceptions of communal identity in late imperial period and illustrates that although at this stage Xinjiang Turkic intellectuals perceived their community as a clearly defined group, its communal interest did not outweigh interests of numerous local and social sub-groups. The second chapter outlines the transfer of...

The work discusses the relation between the body and literature. Interpreting selected works of 19th and 20th centuries, it both explores and refines the presumption of the body presenting for literature not merely a theme or a motif, but, and in some cases primarily, a problem of writing. The body, also, as a shifting, culturally and historically determined concept yields to the same legibility as the language by which it is described. When interpreting works that embrace peripheral, inhuman bodies surpassing the established concepts, these are not - as various symptoms of illegibility - dismissed as failures: they are rather understood as the key stylization writing strategies, motivated by the endeavor to draw nearer to the body, description of which surpasses the language structure of the period. The vanishing point of the survey is thus neither a compact interpretation of the works, nor their contextualization in the literary or cultural history of the body, but rather the body as an inexplicable image that drives the language to the frontier of intelligibility, and beyond. Such approach focuses not on the literary work as semantically and formally compact unit, but rather on writing as a movement that passes through the work. The question is asked, then, whether this movement - while leaving...

This bachelor's thesis examines judiciary in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China since 2012, under the rule of Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China. According to the available information, during the period of Xi Jinping a significant number of Uyghurs and other Muslims living in Xinjiang were sentenced to long-term imprisonments, often in violation of the PRC legislation. The aim of this thesis is to describe the phenomenon of mass imprisonment based on available court documents, which will be examined and compared with the current legislation and the overall context of nationality policy in Xinjiang during the Xi Jinping period. Attention will also be paid to the Chinese legal system, its functioning, the problem of legality, the laws applied in XUAR and in the autonomous regions in general. Overall, the thesis will attempt to question the legitimacy of the legal system in Xinjiang. Keywords: People's Republic of China, Xinjiang, Xi Jinping, Uyghurs, judiciary

MSc. Jitka Pánek Jurková CULTURAL REPRESENTATION OF A DIVIDED SOCIETY: The Case of Israel in the Czech Republic Abstract: The thesis explores the cultural representation of the State of Israel in the Czech Republic from an anthropological perspective, depicting how the topic of the state is appropriated and represented by different actors. Among its key theoretical statements, the thesis differentiates between cultural diplomacy-governmentally facilitated communication with a foreign audience through whatever is considered as culture-and the cultural representation of a state-the resulting picture of a state that depends on a multiplicity of narratives that emerge when various actors use the topic of the state to publicly assert their self-understanding. In an actor-oriented analysis, based on events observation, the thesis deals with the Israeli foreign policy institutions, artists engaged in cultural diplomatic activities, the Diaspora, audiences, various Czech non-governmental actors including pro-Israeli support groups, BDS movements, and others. The thesis analyzes Czech-Israeli bilateral relations and their impact on current Israeli cultural representation, concluding that while formerly close, the contexts of the two countries are drifting apart, creating "false familiarity" in cultural...

This dissertation thesis centres on the stability and instability of the Vietnamese communist regime, and how to understand this topic today. This problem was explored with the help of an imported political tool, which Vietnam adopted from the USSR, through China, in the late 1940s, and which experienced a revival in modern economically liberalised Vietnam: emulation movements. This thesis assumed that historic and current emulation movements were designed to control, but also to bring legitimacy or a 'legitimacy effect' (and the related stability), through their different functions. It asked how they succeeded in this task comparatively, in their historic and current incarnations. The framework of functions of emulation movements in Vietnam combined with the theoretical concepts of David Beetham, Max Weber and Robert Lamb served as basic theoretical tenets. The thesis concluded that emulation indeed helped create foundational regime legitimacy and offered possible links to a new communist doctrine. The thesis showed that a predominance of successful legitimization, combined with legitimacy effect and Ho Chi Minh's charisma, helped stabilize the DRV regime, especially until 1954. The analysis of present-day emulation movements, however, showed the weakness of the VCP as it struggles to fulfil the...

(in English): This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of political reform, democratisation and the monopol of Communist Party of China. Political reform and democratisation are two main topics that have been discussed in chinese academical and political discourse since the reforms started in 1978 and are still being discussed nowadays. A main representative who contributes to this discussion is Bao Tong, former member of the highest structures of Communist Party of China who was imprisoned and persecuted after the year 1989 for his liberal political opinions. At the same time Bao Tong still expresses his opinions in the form of political commentaries, essays and interviews. In the bachelor thesis I have analysed Bao Tong's essays related to political reform in contemporary PRC. His essays were printed in a collection published in 2012. I have been working with his texts in Chinese, the outcomes of my analysis are interpreted with relevant literature in English published throughout the last two decades. This topic is very popular also among western scholars. One of the possible contributions to the current discourse could be that my thesis is taking into account Bao Tong who maintained the job as a political consultant to Zhao Ziyang (then general party secretary) and was assigned to draft a plan...

This bachelor thesis focuses on the life, ideas and activities of Zhao Ziyang, who was the Premier of the People's Republic of China and describes in detail the period of 1987-1989, when Zhao Ziyang worked as the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China. The first part of this thesis introduces three of the most important persons from those times - Zhao Ziyang, Deng Xiaoping, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, and Hu Yaobang, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, whose death caused all the riot and protests that happened in Tiananmen square in June 1989. The next part of the thesis illustrates two main fields of interest of Zhao Ziyang - the economical field as well as the political field and offers also his most important ideas concerning the reforms in PRC. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The objective of this Master's thesis is to analyse the term of "rule of law" and its Chinese variations (fazhi 法治 , fazhi 法制 , yifazhiguo 依法治国 ) since establishment of the People's Republic of China until present, with the emphasis on contemporary understanding of the concept, affected by political environment. The concept of the rule of law is presented throughout analysis of collected works of influential political leaders, namely Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Xi Jinping, reflected in official documents crucial to the legal system, such as the Constitution. Each historical period represents a different stance on the conception of rule of law and position of legal system, which results in analysis of current situation with a prospective future attitude to this issue. Keywords: rule of law, constitutional rule, Communist Party of China, China

The aim of the thesis is to describe the opinions of Chen Yun, one of the most influential Chinese communist leaders and a very important person for the Chinese economy before the Cultural revolution, on economy and correct way of economic governance. Introduction of Chen Yun's carreer in the first charter is followed by three other chapters devoted to the most important events for the Chinese economy in the period 1949 - 1965, these are curbing the inflation, formulation and implementation of the First Five-Year Plan and the Great Leap Forward.

The present paper's aim is to observe the reflection of problematic social phenomenons in China in the key Party documents related to the assumption of both party and state power of the 5th generation leadership headed by Xi Jinping (born 1953), concretely the Report on the Work of the Government of the leaving 4th generation leadership delivered at the 18th National Congress in November 2012 and the Resolution delivered at the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in November 2013. Key words: Report on the Work of the Government, Resolution, Xi Jinping, Hu Jintao, 18th National Congress in November 2012, 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, social policy, social security, social insurance, migrant workers

CHARTER 08 AND THE STATUS OF PUBLIC INTELLECTUALS IN MODERN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ABSTRACT Bachelor Thesis "Charter 08 and the Status of Public Intellectuals in Modern People's Republic of China" is desribing contemporary Chinese dissent associated with manifesto Charter (2008) as public intelectualls who are standing for democratic and liberal values. The thesis is describing historic and social development of Chinese intellectuals stressing their relationship to the system and status of public intellectuals. The thesis describes activities of public intellectuals and ilustrates their status on examples of selected signatories of Charter 08. Particular attention is paid to Liu Xiaobo the main author of the Charter 08. Despite the fact that China is classified as an authoritarian regime that does not allow any opposition, it seems that public intellectuals in China are able to organize themselves and be active in public. This contradicts the concept of vanishing of public intellectuals in postmodern society. The thesis also deals with Charter 77, a manifesto of the Czechoslovak dissidents who inspired the authors of the Chinese Charter. The comparison shows that though both documents were created in a socially and historically distant conditions, both documents and historical situations have many...

This bachelor thesis looks into the topic of China and United Nations peacekeeping operations. The aim is to show China's changing role with respect to its ideological policies and principles, as well as to its interests and capabilities. A special attention will be paid to major shifts in China's attitude and the reasons for them, as demonstrated on chosen peacekeeping operations.

The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the view on the death penalty problematic in contemporary People's Republic of China from the perspective of the organization China Against Death Penalty (CADP) and its founder, a human rights activist, Dr. Teng Biao. The focal point of this thesis lies particularly on one hand in the analysis of the CADP Report, a document compiled by CADP, which describes the situation tied with potential abolition of the death penalty and discusses the relevant amendments to the criminal law and criminal procedure law, on the other hand in depicting the opinions of Teng Biao and putting them in context with available English written materials on the subject of death penalty in China. The thesis begins with an introduction of Teng Biao and the CADP itself, then describes CADP's view on the current situation around the death penalty and the recent legislative changes concerning the capital punishment. The last part of this thesis speculates about the possible future development of the death penalty in Chinese cultural and legislative environment. This thesis also provides a glossary and a list of capital offences as stipulated by the Criminal Law of the PRC.

The Bachelor thesis aims to introduce the situation in the Chinese countryside and changes, which occurred after 1978 as a result of the economic reforms. The main part of the thesis discusses tax issues on the lowest administrative level and the tax burden on peasants of the 1990s. The thesis is based mainly on findings from a source called The Survey of Chinese Peasants Zhongguo nongmin diaocha 中国农民调查 by authors Chen Guidi 陈桂棣 and Wu Chuntao 吴春桃 and other relevant secondary literature. The final chapter informs about the reforms, which were conducted during the first decade of the 21st century and were supposed to improve the situation in the countryside.

The thesis deals with scientific expeditions to the Tibetan plateau carried out by Chinese scientists from the 1950s. The whole thesis is framed by two models of the spread of Western science to an unknown land. Is it or is it not the spread of Western science into Tibet the form of colonial control? We will use these two models to answer this question. The thesis tracks the interests and the meaning of expeditions to China and Chinese science. It deals with the development of Chinese Academy of Sciences, which organized the Chinese expeditions. It also describes and summarizes the work and results of Chinese scientists which were presented at the international conference on Tibet in 1980, and examines their contributions to the Chinese and Western science. Part of the thesis deals with the reflection of otherness in the published interviews with participants which we use as primary sources for the thesis. Keywords: Chinese science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China-Tibet relations, Tibetan plateau, geology, alternity.