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Schizosaccharomyces pombe delays entry into mitosis following G 2 microtubule damage. This pathway is dependent on Rad26 ATRIP , the regulatory subunit of the Rad26 ATRIP /Rad3 ATR DNA damage response (DDR) complex. However, this G 2 microtubule damage response pathway acts independently of the G 2 DNA damage checkpoint pathway. To identify other proteins in this G 2 microtubule damage pathway, we previously screened a cDNA overexpression library for genes that rescued the sensitivity of rad26Δ cells to the microtubule poison thiabendazole. A partial cDNA fragment encoding only the C-terminal regulatory region of the microtubule bundling protein Ase1 PRC1 was isolated. This fragment lacks the Ase1 PRC1 dimerization and microtubule binding domains and retains the conserved C-terminal unstructured regulatory region. Here, we report that ase1Δ cells fail to delay entry into mitosis following G 2 microtubule damage. Microscopy revealed that Rad26 ATRIP foci localized alongside Ase1 PRC1 filaments, although we suggest that this is related to microtubule-dependent double strand break mobility that facilitates homologous recombination events. Indeed, we report that the DNA repair protein Rad52 co-localizes with Rad26 ATRIP at these foci, and that localization of Rad26 ATRIP to these foci depends on a Rad26 ATRIP N-terminal region containing a checkpoint recruitment domain. To our knowledge, this is the first report implicating Ase1 PRC1 in regulation of the G 2 /M transition., Competing Interests: We declare there is no conflict of interest to report.

Introduction: This document presents the guidelines of the Polish Respiratory Society (PTChP, Polskie Towarzystwo Chorób Płuc) for diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), developed by agroup of Polish experts., Material and Methods: The recommendations were developed in the form of answers to previously formulated questions concer-ning everyday diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. They were developed based on acurrent literature review using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology., Results: We formulated 28 recommendations for diagnosis (8), pharmacological treatment (12) as well as non-pharma-cological and palliative therapy (8). The experts suggest that surgical lung biopsy (SLB) not be performed in patients with the probable usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern, with an appropriate clinical context and unanimous opinion of a multidisciplinary team. The experts recommend using antifibrotic agents in IPF patients and suggest their use irrespective of the degree of functional impairment. As regards non-pharmacological and palliative treatment, strong re-commendations were formulated regarding pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy (in patients with chronic respiratory failure), preventive vaccinations as well as referring IPF patients to transplant centres. Table 1 presents an aggregate list of recommendations., Conclusions: The Polish Respiratory Society Working Group developed guidelines for IPF diagnosis and treatment.

MicroRNAs play multiple roles in the regulation of blood pressure (BP). Nevertheless, to date, no study has assessed the association between microRNA plasma expression and BP control in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Given this background, we evaluated the plasma expression of miR-155-5p, a translational inhibitor of angiotensin receptor type I, in CKD patients, to determine the association between miR-155-5p level and BP control. In this single-center cross-sectional study, we analyzed the miR-155-5p concentration by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using the U6 snRNA as a reference gene and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in CKD patients (stage ≥2) in relation to a control group of healthy age-matched and gender-matched individuals, with normal BP proven by the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. We enrolled a total of 105 patients with CKD (stages 2-5, including 33 kidney renal transplant recipients), aged 59 ± 14 years; 47% males and 26 healthy volunteers (aged 55 ± 13, 50% male). Within the study group, a total of 36 patients (40%) presented with an average 24-hour systolic BP (SBP) ≥130 mm Hg and 41 patients (45%) presented nocturnal hypertension (NHT; SBP ≥120 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥ 70 mm Hg). miRNA-155-5p was increased in plasma of CKD patients with median expression relative to control subjects equal to 2.92 (1.34-5.58). Interestingly, the plasma miRNA-155-5p expression was significantly higher in patients with NHT: 4.04 (2.92-10.8) versus 2.01 (1.21-3.07), P = .001 and its expression maintained an independent association with the average nocturnal SBP (coefficient B = 4.368, P = .047) by a multivariate regression analysis adjusted for confounders. The miR-155-5p was increased among CKD patients and further increased among subjects presenting with NHT. Further studies are warranted to determine the role of this non-coding RNA as a potential novel biomarker and therapeutic target in the non-dipping CKD individuals, characterized by increased cardiovascular risk., (Copyright © 2017 American Society of Hypertension. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Multiple factors underlie the pathophysiology of hypertension, involving endothelial dysregulation, vascular smooth muscle dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, sympathetic nervous system activation and altered renin -angiotensin -aldosterone regulatory activity. A class of non-coding RNA called microRNA, consisting of 17-25 nucleotides, exert regulatory function over these processes. This paper summarizes the currently available data from preclinical and clinical studies on miRNA in the development of hypertension as well as the impact of anti-hypertensive treatment on their plasma expression. We present microRNAs' characteristics, their biogenesis and role in the regulation of blood pressure together with their potential diagnostic and therapeutic application in clinical practice.

Objective: The phenotype of women with PCOS changes with age. The study was aimed to address whether changes in biochemical parameters associated with age of the patients correlate with depression severity measured with the use of screening tools., Study Design: This was a single center observational study. Women with PCOS meeting the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS were recruited. Hormonal and clinical parameters including symptoms of hyperandrogenism, age, BMI, androgen and blood lipids were analyzed in 60 patients (median age 27, median BMI 23 kg/m(2)) together with evaluation of depressive symptoms with the use Beck Depression Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire-Nine Item (PHQ-9), Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report 16 Item (QIDS-SR16)., Results: The prevalence of depression was equal 22-33% depending on the questionnaire. The older women tended to present significantly higher BMI, SBP, waist circumference and lower androstenedione and DHEAS values than the younger group of patients. The prevalence of depression was higher in the group of older patients, however without statistical significance. Among the cohort of older patients (age ≥ 27 years, n = 29) significant correlates of depression included: nonHDL, LDL, HDL, total cholesterol (p < 0.05), even after controlling for BMI. In the younger study cohort (age < 27, n = 28) the only significant correlates included BMI and waist circumference., Conclusion: Women with PCOS reporting depressive symptoms present higher levels of androgens and blood lipids. Clinicians treating women with PCOS should be aware that this group of patients is at increased risk of depression irrespectively of age and phenotype., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)