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9. Asymptotic Distribution and Simultaneous Confidence Bands for Ratios of Quantile Functions

Author

Dunker, Fabian, Klasen, Stephan, and Krivobokova, Tatyana

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Economics - Econometrics, Statistics - Applications, 62G15, 62G30
Abstract

Ratio of medians or other suitable quantiles of two distributions is widely used in medical research to compare treatment and control groups or in economics to compare various economic variables when repeated cross-sectional data are available. Inspired by the so-called growth incidence curves introduced in poverty research, we argue that the ratio of quantile functions is a more appropriate and informative tool to compare two distributions. We present an estimator for the ratio of quantile functions and develop corresponding simultaneous confidence bands, which allow to assess significance of certain features of the quantile functions ratio. Derived simultaneous confidence bands rely on the asymptotic distribution of the quantile functions ratio and do not require re-sampling techniques. The performance of the simultaneous confidence bands is demonstrated in simulations. Analysis of the expenditure data from Uganda in years 1999, 2002 and 2005 illustrates the relevance of our approach.

Published
2017

12. An Absolute Multidimensional Poverty Measure in the Functioning Space (and Relative Measure in the Resource Space): An Illustration Using Indian Data

Author

Dotter, Caroline, Klasen, Stephan, Hahn, Henning, Series Editor, Schweiger, Gottfried, Series Editor, Sedmak, Clemens, Series Editor, Ausín, Txetxu, Advisory Editor, Brock, Gillian, Advisory Editor, Carbrera, Luis, Advisory Editor, Cimadamore, Alberto D., Advisory Editor, Gosepath, Stefan, Advisory Editor, Hassoun, Nicole, Advisory Editor, Lötter, H.P.P., Advisory Editor, Mieth, Corinna, Advisory Editor, Moellendorf, Darrell, Advisory Editor, Pinzani, Alessandro, Advisory Editor, Schweickart, David, Advisory Editor, Sengupta, Mitu, Advisory Editor, Usami, Makoto, Advisory Editor, Beck, Valentin, editor, and Lepenies, Robert, editor

Published
2020
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48. The Fertility Transition in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Structural Change

Author

Büttner, Nicolas, Grimm, Michael, Günther, Isabel, Harttgen, Kenneth, and Klasen, Stephan

Subjects
fertility, sub-Saharan Africa, O12, demographic transition, structural change, J11, J22, ddc:330, J13, Sub-SaharanAfrica, D13, human capital
Abstract

Despite relatively sustained economic growth in at least parts of Sub-Saharan Africa over the past twenty years, the fertility transition has not much advanced in most countries in that region. We explore whether the lack of structural change can explain this slow transition. For this end, we analyze the determinants of fertility transitions across the developing world using a novel regional level panel dataset created by matching Demographic and Health Surveys and Household Income Surveys from 60 countries over three decades. Our key hypothesis is that structural change, i.e. a shift of employment from subsistence agriculture to more skill-intensive services, accompanied by an increase in human capital accumulation, is a key driver of the fertility transition. Our results indicate that higher education of women, female employment in non-agricultural formal jobs and industrialization as measured by an increase in nighttime light intensity are indeed important determinants of the fertility transition. We also find suggestive evidence for a complementary role of access to health insurance. Simulations show that if high-fertility countries in Sub-Saharan Africa had experienced the same structural change as the most demographically advanced regions in our sample over the last twenty years, fertility levels would be up to 40% lower.

Published
2023

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