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Objective The study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the use of wool on the quality of life of patients with fibromyalgia. Design The study was conducted in two stages with a single-group pre-test/post-test model (before trial test model). Setting The research was conducted in a physical therapy and rehabilitation outpatient clinic and in patient's homes in Ankara, Turkey. Subjects 36 patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia according to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology were included in the study. Interventions The patients did not use wool in the first stage (7 weeks) and used woollen underwear, bed coverings, mattresses and woollen cushions in the following second stage (20 weeks). Main outcome measures Study data was collected using a general questionnaire, a Life Quality Scale (Nottingham Health Profile), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS 0-10), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, the number of tender points, and checklists. Results During the period when the patients used wool, it was found there were significant improvements in pain score (before using wool=7.26±1.42; after using wool=1.93±0.74), tender points count (before=14.88±2.43; after=5.97±2.56), Nottingham Health Profile (before=74.28±10.73; after=5.98±1.07) and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (before=10.02±3.59; after=2.52±1.69) (p<0.001). Conclusion There were significant improvements in pain score, tender points count, Nottingham Health Profile in all sections, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and its components, as a result of the use of woollen underwear, woollen bed coverings, wolleen mattress cover and woollen cushions in patients with fibromyalgia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to retrospectively investigate a single institution's experience with carotid artery resection performed as part of an oncological procedure and to determine acute and convalescent complication and survival rates. We performed a record review of 28 patients with head and neck malignancy invading the carotid artery. Immediate carotid artery resection and ligation on an emergent basis was performed on 12 patients (group 1), elective resection and ligation was performed on 8 patients (group 2), and elective resection and revascularization was performed on 8 patients (group 3). In group 1, although 1 patient survived for 1 year and 1 patient survived for 2 years, 1 patient died of severe neurologic deficit, 2 patients experienced neurologic deficit with good recovery, and 1 patient was moderately disabled. In group 2, 2 patients survived without disease for 5 years, and 2 patients experienced neurologic deficit, 1 with good recovery and the other with complete recovery. In group 3, only 1 patient survived for 5 years, and within this group, 1 patient died of severe neurologic deficit, 1 patient had neurologic deficit with moderate recovery, and 1 patient had neurologic deficit with complete recovery. No significant difference in mortality and morbidity rate was observed between the 'resection and ligation' group and the 'resection and revascularization' group (p = .52, chi(2) = 0.79). We conclude that the surgical treatment of patients with an invaded carotid artery, including carotid resection, provides a small but real chance of 5-year survival. The methods of carotid resection and repair should be guided by clinical presentation and by preoperative and intraoperative investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine stigma and attitudes in the relatives of patients with epilepsy and the factors affecting them., Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 173 relatives of patients with epilepsy who were admitted to the neurology outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Van Province, eastern Turkey, between April and December 2021. Individual information forms, the Epilepsy Stigma Scale Patient's Relative, and the Epilepsy Attitude Scale were used to collect the data., Results: The mean stigma score was 54.58 (standard deviation [SD] = 10.96), and the mean attitude score was 53.05 (SD = 8.14). A negative and significant correlation was found between stigma score and attitude score (r = -0.457, p < 0.001). It was found that stigma and attitude scores differed significantly in terms of education, hiding epilepsy, and the idea that epilepsy is related to spiritual thoughts (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: As a result of this study, it was found that the relatives of patients with epilepsy were generally moderately stigmatized (64.8 %) and had moderate attitudes toward epilepsy. As the stigma increased in the participants, it was determined that they showed more negative attitudes toward epilepsy. The results indicated that relatives of patients with epilepsy who had one or more seizures per month experienced more stigma, and relatives of patients with epilepsy who did not take their medication regularly exhibited a more negative attitude toward epilepsy., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no potential conflicts of interests with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article., (Copyright © 2024 British Epilepsy Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: This study was carried out to identify the attitudes toward epilepsy, health fatalism, and the factors affecting these in individuals living in Artvin in the northeast of Turkey., Method: This descriptive and cross-sectional study involved 1443 healthy individuals at a hospital in Artvin in northeastern Turkey between January and March 2020. An individual information form, an epilepsy attitude scale, and a religious health fatalism scale were used to assess their views. An independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data., Results: The mean score of participants' attitudes on epilepsy was 48.17 (standard deviation (SD) = 12.93), while the mean of their health fatalism score was 48.43 (SD = 17.41). There was a significant negative correlation between attitude scores and health fatalism (r = -0.084, p = 0.001). Significant differences were found among attitude, health fatalism mean scores, and misconceptions associated with religion about epilepsy being a contagious, psychiatric, and incurable disease that should be hidden. Significant differences were additionally observed among attitude, health fatalism mean scores, and education, marital status, income, employment status, and presence of chronic disease (p < 0.05)., Conclusion: It was found that most individuals had moderate level attitude toward epilepsy and had high health fatalism. Individuals with a high degree of health fatalism were found to have more negative attitude toward epilepsy. Attitude was found to be more negative, and health fatalism was found to be higher in individuals with low education level, low-income level, who were married, who were unemployed, who had a chronic disease, and in those who thought epilepsy was a contagious, psychiatric, and incurable disease associated with religion that should be hidden., Implications: It is recommended that health professionals organize training programs to increase public understanding of epilepsy, improving individual attitudes toward the condition, and minimizing health fatalism., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The author declare no potential conflicts of interests with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Oral cavity cancers have anatomically a big part of the body system and include several types of cancer. The aim of the study is to investigate the relation between XPG and XPD gene variants in the DNA repair system and oral squamous cell cancers. A total of 111 patients with a pathologic diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and a control group of 148 healthy volunteers who presented to Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery and Dentistry Faculty were included in the study. Isolation of DNA was achieved using an Invitrogen Purelink Genomic DNA Kit. XPD alleles of Lys751Gln (rs13181) and XPG Asp1104His (rs17655) loci from genomic DNA samples were reproduced using polymerase chain reaction. A statistically significant difference in XPD genotype distribution between control and patient groups was determined (P=0.019). XPD Lys+ was significantly more common in the patient group than in the control group, and a two-fold increased risk for disease was determined. XPD Gln/Gln+ was significantly more common in the control group than in the patient group, and a two-fold decrease in risk for disease was determined (P=0.045). In the other region of the study, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of disease development between XPG genotypes. In conclusion, Lys751Gln polymorphism in the XPD gene could play a role in oral squamous cell development. It is important to increase the numbers of subjects in patient groups and healthy controls in studies to increase the possibility of determining XPD's potential as a molecular risk factor.

Anatomy knowledge is not only essential for surgeons but also has importance for anyone who performs an invasive procedure on a patient, and provides examination and diagnosis of patients and sharing of these findings to the patient and other medical professionals. It is accepted that most surgical procedures could facilitate anatomic perception in surgical internships. There is an educational tendency to explore innovative instructional tools and methods that can help support current education styles. This study investigates the effect of a green laser pointer on students' perceptions and educational effectiveness when neck dissection is performed in the operating room.

Objective: To present the results of patients who underwent superficial or total parotidectomy because of parotid gland tumors in our tertiary care clinic., Methods: The data of 362 patients who underwent parotid surgery from January 2008 to November 2015 were collected and analyzed in demographic, histopathological features, and complications., Results: Three hundred sixty-nine cases (performed in 359 patients) were analyzed and we assessed complications of parotid surgery such as transient or permanent facial paralysis and Frey's syndrome. Pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin's tumors consisted 74% of all parotid gland tumors. These tumors were generally located in the superficial lobe and tail of the parotid gland (81%). Also, tumor size in the positive surgical margin group was larger than in the negative surgical margin group (p=0.012)., Conclusions: Most of parotid gland tumors are benign. However, the frequency of malignancy increases in deep lobe of parotid gland. High grade malignant tumors have more tendency to have positive surgical margin during surgery, and facial paresis preoperatively., (Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Purpose: This study was designed to determine the knowledge and attitudes regarding epilepsy among individuals in eastern Turkey., Method: This descriptive study involved 530 healthy individuals who came to the Research and Application Hospital of Ataturk University in Erzurum, Turkey. A questionnaire and the epilepsy knowledge and attitude scale were administered to collect data. Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman's correlation tests were used to analyze the data., Results: The participants' epilepsy knowledge mean score was 6.34 (SD=3.71), and their attitude mean score was 50.22 (SD=11.17). There was a positive (r=0.404) correlation between the knowledge and the attitude scores (p<0.001), and negative correlations between age and the knowledge (p=0.036) and the attitude scores (p<0.001). The mean knowledge and attitude scores were higher for the participants who were high school and university graduates, had expenses equal to income, and lived in nuclear families and in the city center (p<0.001). Civil servants and housewives had significantly higher mean knowledge scores, and students had significantly higher mean attitude scores (p<0.001). Significantly higher knowledge and attitude mean scores were also found for those who knew patients with epilepsy, had witnessed epileptic seizures, obtained information from healthcare personnel, and did not believe that epilepsy was associated with religion (p<0.001)., Conclusions: The study participants had low knowledge about epilepsy but displayed positive attitudes toward it. Higher knowledge positively affected attitude, and younger individuals had greater knowledge and, thus, more positive attitudes. Women, civil servants, and housewives had higher knowledge, whereas singles and students had better attitudes. The participants who had high educational levels and expenses equal to income and lived in nuclear families and the city center had more knowledge and displayed more positive attitudes. Greater knowledge and more positive attitudes were also found among the participants who knew patients with epilepsy, had witnessed epileptic seizures, obtained the information from healthcare personnel, and did not believe that epilepsy was associated with religion., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of local cold application on pain when applied to the trapezius muscles of patients with fibromyalgia., Method: A one-group, pre-test/post-test, pre-experimental model was applied in this study, which was conducted with 55 fibromyalgia patients who presented to a rheumatology outpatient clinic. A 10-min cold application was administered to one trapezius muscle of each patient. The participants' pain was evaluated, in total, four times (before the cold application and 10 min, 1.5 h and 24 h after the cold application). The visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain was used to collect data for the study, and Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used to assess the data., Results: The patients' pain mean score before (6.45, SD:1.27) the cold applications was found to be significantly higher than the scores noted 10 min (2.75, SD:1.73), 1.5 h (2.45, SD:1.29), and 24 h (3.36, SD:1.30) after the application (P < 0.001)., Conclusion: The study found that local cold applications performed on the trapezius muscles of patients with fibromyalgia significantly decreased their pain. With its discovery of a new method of pain control in fibromyalgia patients, this study will significantly contribute to science and will serve as a guide for pain management, especially in nursing practice. Further studies to evaluate the maximum effect duration and effect mechanisms of local cold applications to the trapezius muscles of FM patients are indicated., (© 2017 Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

The aim was to assess the effect of wool underwear use in patients with chronic non specific low back pain. The study employed two-group, experimental design. A total of 48 patients with chronic non specific low back pain were selected for the study. They were distributed into two groups: a control group and a treatment group. The 24 patients in each group were randomly selected and the compositions of the two groups. The patients in the treatment group wore woolen underwear during the experimental period of 2 month. All patients were assessed at the beginning the trial (pre-test) and the end of 8th (post-test) week. Data were collected using the visual analogue pain scale, Oswestry Disability Index and Schober test measurements. Patients in the treatment group reported significant improvements in their conditions including a reduction in pain levels and Oswestry Disability Index, and Schober test measurements increased (p<0.001). Patients with chronic non-specific low back pain who wore wool underwear experienced significant improvements in pain intensity, disability, and lower back flexibility.

Objectives: This study was carried out as a descriptive study in order to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of individuals who suffer from pain towards complementary and alternative medicines (CAM)., Methods: The research was applied to 535 adult individuals suffering from pain who visited a family health center in Erzurum between September 5 and November 30, 2010. The data were collected using a questionnaire form and evaluated by computer analysis., Results: 42.4% of the individuals mentioned that they use CAM in order to eliminate pain, 83.7% stated that the method they app- lied eliminated their pain, and 39.6% used CAM based on a recommendation. It was observed that 95.5% of the participants believed that positive thinking helps them recover from their minor diseases, 91.6% believed that it is necessary to perform more scientific tests on CAM, 65.6% believed that CAM may be dangerous, 68.4% believed that CAM may be used as a last resort, 93.6% believed that they are likely to be ill due to a range of stressful events, 61.9% believed that it is worthless to try CAM before seeing a doc- tor, 68.2% believed that CAM should not be used for serious diseases, and 76.3% believed that CAM helps the permanent treatment by strengthening the body's own defense., Conclusion: It was determined that people who suffer from the pain apply for modern medical treatment and have a positive attitude towards CAM.

This study was conducted in order to evaluate individuals' knowledge about protection against Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF). This descriptive study was carried out among 478 persons, to whom a Family Health Center located within boundaries of Erzurum Metropolitan Municipality, provides health service. A questionnaire form developed by the researchers was used for collecting data. Seventy-one point eight percent of individuals who participated in the study stated they had knowledge about CCHF, 25.9% stated that region was risky in terms of being bitten by ticks, 61.3% stated they could recognize ticks and 56.1% stated that not all tick bites cause the disease. Seventy-seven point eight percent stated CCHF is a virulent disease, 33.1% stated it can be transmitted from human to human and 30.3% stated it can be transmitted from animals to humans. In terms of protection from tick bites, 45, 15.3 and 11.3% of individuals stated wearing clothes to cover the whole body, carefully inspecting the body, and not touching ticks with bare hands, respectively, were good methods. Ninety-two point one percent stated it is necessary to go to a healthcare organization immediately in case of tick bite, whereas 18% of individuals stated it is necessary to remove the tick with tweezers or forceps. The results of this study show most individuals are not well informed about methods for protecting against CCHF, for removing ticks and what precautions to take to protect against tick bites.

Case report about laryngeal localization of a granular cell tumor in a 38 years old female without recurrence over an observation period of two years.

Surgery for the treatment of early-stage glottic carcinoma still remains a valid option. In most patients, newly formed neocord tissue preserves glottic functions, but in some patients an important glottic gap leading to glottic insufficiency may occur. In our study, 11 patients who had serious glottic insufficiency after endoscopic laser and laryngofissure cordectomy were treated with autologous fat injection (AFI) into the neocord tissue for voice and swallowing rehabilitation. One patient did not attend the first control visit and was excluded from the study. The remaining 10 patients were evaluated in the preoperative and postoperative periods for phonatory functions and efficacy of AFI by videolaryngostroboscopy and computerized acoustic analysis. Phonatory functions showed statistically significant improvement in the shimmer, noise-to-harmonic ratio, maximum phonation time and fundamental frequency. Perceptual ratings (GRBAS scale) also showed statistically significant improvement in all 5 parameters. Despite improvement in glottic closure, the mucosal wave deteriorated. Due to recurrence of symptoms of glottic insufficiency, AFI was repeated in 2 patients at the third and fifth months, respectively. One year later, the AFI resulted in successful rehabilitation of swallowing in all patients. The probability of resorption of autologous fat and the deterioration of the mucosal wave after AFI remain a problem, but re-injection can be done easily. As AFI is an easy, safe and cheap method, we concluded that it is a promising alternative procedure for managing voice problems after laser or laryngofissure cordectomy defects., (Copyright 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel)

Inherited polymorphisms in the genes controlling the cell cycle or functioning in the DNA repair mechanisms may impair their function and contribute to genetic susceptibility. Abnormalities in the DNA repair have been reported in head and neck cancer. The XRCC1 gene functions in singlestrand break and base excision repair processes. In this study, two polymorphisms of the XRCC1 gene, Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln were investigated in 95 patients with head and neck carcinoma. The polymorphic regions were amplified by PCR followed by digestion with methylation-specific restriction enzymes, and analyzed electrophoretically. Genotype and allele frequencies were calculated, and association with cancer risk or clinical parameters was investigated. No association was observed between the genotypes and head and neck cancer for either polymorphism. Distribution of the alleles did not significantly differ between the patients and the control group. A significant association was only found for the Trp194 allele among the smoking individuals. Our data indicate that the Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln polymorphisms do not confer a significant risk for head and neck carcinogenesis.

Objectives: We investigated the long-term results of autologous fat injections for unilateral vocal cord paralysis and laryngofissure and cordectomy defects., Patients and Methods: We evaluated the efficacy of autologous fat injections in 21 patients (16 males, 5 females; mean age 57 years; range 24 to 72 years) with unilateral vocal cord paralysis (n=11) and cordectomy defects (n=10) in the light of computed acoustic analysis, phonatory functions, and videolaryngostroboscopic findings and the effect of injections on swallowing. The mean follow-up was 14 months (range 10 to 22 months)., Results: Voice quality improved in 14 patients. Glottic insufficiency recurred in three patients in the early period, and in two patients in the late period. Phonatory functions showed significant improvement in all parameters except for jitter and functional interference (p<0.05). Videolaryngostroboscopy showed significant improvement in glottic closure, but mucosal waves remained unchanged. Of 18 patients with swallowing disorders, aspiration symptoms improved in 15 patients. Patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis had better results compared to those with cordectomy defects., Conclusion: Autologous fat injections may be considered effective in patients with cordectomy defects or unilateral vocal cord paralysis.

Objectives: We evaluated the effect of age, radiotherapy, insertion time of prosthesis, the period between radiotherapy and insertion time on in situ lifetime of Provox, voice quality and complications., Patients and Methods: The study included the use of 62 Provox voice prosthesis in 50 total laryngectomy patients (46 males, 4 females; mean age 61 years; range 43 to 77 years). The patients visited our clinic regularly every three months for the first year after insertion and every six months in subsequent years. The ease of use and complications of prothesis and voice quality of the patients were evaluated., Results: The mean in situ lifetime was 24 months (range 1 to 49 months). Age, radiotherapy, insertion time of the prosthesis, the period between radiotherapy and the insertion time had no influence on the in situ lifetime of Provox. These variables were not associated with the complications of the prosthesis. A statistically significant good voice quality was found in nonirradiated patients and those in whom the prosthesis was inserted between 6 and 24 months after laryngectomy. The use of Provox was easier in nonirradiated patients than irradiated patients (p<0.001)., Conclusion: In situ lifetime of Provox was not influenced by age, radiotherapy, insertion time, and the period between radiotherapy and insertion time of prosthesis. We believe that the patient factor is the most important factor that affect the in situ lifetime of Provox.

Different types of human papilloma virus are known to be closely associated with laryngeal papillomas. On the other hand, the proliferation of epithelial cells is associated with various abnormalities in the mechanisms of cellular regulation. In this study, we detected the expressions of p53, p21 and p27 proteins in adult-onset laryngeal papillomas by immunohistochemical techniques. The objective of this study is to evaluate the expression of these factors in adult-onset laryngeal papillomas and to determine whether such expression is correlated with the existence of dysplastic epithelium covering the papillomas. Eighteen patients with adult-onset papillomas who were surgically treated at the Department of Otolaryngology at the University of Istanbul between January 1994 and December 1999 were included in this study. Anti-p21, -p27 and -p53 antibodies were used to perform immunostaining. Positive nuclear staining for p21 was detected in 14 of the 18 (78%) cases, especially in the parabasal layer. Also, in 78% of the cases, weak to strong immunoreactivity was observed for p27. In all cases, negative immunoreactivity was observed for p53 throughout the epithelium except for the basal and parabasal cells. A negative correlation was observed between the existence of dysplastic epithelium and p21 expression (P=0.02). In conclusion, variable p21 and p27 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in our series of 18 cases of adult-onset laryngeal papillomatosis, and a statistically significant inverse correlation was detected between p21 expression and the existence of dysplastic epithelium covering the papillomas. Further prospective studies are warranted to determine the prognostic values of these variables and to evaluate their role in the pathogenesis of adult-onset laryngeal papillomas.

Metastasis predominantly occurs via the lymphatic system in head and neck tumors. The disturbance of the lymphatic system in the cervical region resulting from neck dissection or radiotherapy may result in unusual patterns of metastasis in patients with recurrent tumors. This is more frequent when the recurrent tumor invades the myocutaneous flap used for the primary reconstruction. We encountered three patients (2 men, 1 woman) with infraclavicular lymph node metastasis. All were previously treated by surgery, postoperative radiation therapy, and reconstruction with the use of the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap.

Purpose: To investigate the oncologic efficiency of near-total laryngectomy for advanced laryngeal and neighboring organ cancers and to evaluate the functional results., Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 135 cases of near-total laryngectomy carried out in a tertiary university hospital between 1989 and 2000 was undertaken. The original operation was carried out in 3 groups: classic "near-total laryngectomy" for endolaryngeal lesions; "near-total laryngectomy and partial pharyngectomy" for lesions originating from the pyriform sinus or lesions with extension to the pharynx or tongue base but reconstructed primarily; and "near-total laryngopharyngectomy" for lesions requiring pedicled flap reconstruction after resection. Oncologic success was evaluated according to the location and extent of the tumor and the particular operation. Functional outcome was evaluated according to phonation and its quality as well as to the severity of aspiration., Results: Of the 135 cases, 121 were men, and 14 were women (age range, 33-80 years; mean, 56.2 years). Mean phonation time was 35.2 days, and mean onset of oral intake was 18.5 days. Of the 135 cases of the series, 124 were evaluated for survival. Thirteen of 26 (50.0%) cases of T2, 34 of 53 (64.2%) cases of T3, and 33 of 45 (73.3%) cases of T4 carcinomas survived by the end of the evaluation period. Likewise, 46 of 77 (59.7%) cases of N0, 16 of 19 (84.2%) cases of N1, and 18 of 27 (66.7%) cases of N2 survived the same period; however, none with N3 metastatic neck disease survived. The probability of survival with regard to the T and N stages of the disease did not reveal a statistically significant result (P =.15 and.49, respectively)., Conclusions: According to these results, near-total laryngectomy is a valid alternative for extended laryngeal and neighboring organ cancers with an acceptable morbidity and a high success rate for voice preservation. Near-total laryngectomy should be offered as a surgical treatment alternative for these patients., (Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.))

Objectives: Primary carcinoma of the subglottic larynx is very rare. This study was designed to evaluate patients who were treated for primary carcinoma of the subglottic larynx., Patients and Methods: The study included 15 patients (14 men, 1 woman; mean age 62.8 years; range 45 to 95 years) with primary subglottic carcinoma. Correlations of different clinical parameters with three-year survival rate and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were investigated., Results: On presentation, two patients (14%) had T1, five patients (33%) had T2, three patients (20%) had T3, and five patients (33%) had T4 tumors. The overall three-year survival rate was 73.4% (11/15). The median survival calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method was 45 months. No significant differences were found between the survival rates of patients with and without extralaryngeal extension., Conclusion: Although primary subglottic cancer is locally aggressive with high tendency to extend to the extralaryngeal compartment at the time of diagnosis, high survival rates can be expected when appropriate treatment modalities are selected.

Objective: To investigate whether Pearson classic near-total laryngectomy is a sensible surgical treatment modality for laryngeal carcinomas with subglottic extension., Design: Retrospective analysis of patients treated by near-total laryngectomy in a university hospital that is an academic tertiary health care center., Participants and Intervention: Medical and computer records of 135 patients who were treated by near-total laryngectomy for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas between April 1, 1989, and June 30, 2000, were searched thoroughly, and the final outcomes were confirmed by telephone contact., Main Outcome Measures: Survival rates of the patients with laryngeal carcinomas with subglottic extension treated by near-total laryngectomy were compared with those of the patients with malignancies of other laryngeal regions given the same treatment., Results: Of the 135 patients in the study, 74 were available for determination of 5-year survival. The rate was 65.8% (27/41) for transglottic tumors, 53.8% (7/13) for supraglottic tumors, and 20.0% (4/20) for tumors with subglottic extension. Only 3 of 16 patients with laryngeal carcinomas with supraglottic or transglottic localization died of local recurrence; the rest of the deaths were from regional recurrence or distant metastasis. However, 6 of 13 patients with subglottic extension died of local recurrence, 5 of peristomal recurrence, and only 2 of distant metastasis., Conclusions: Success was directly related to adherence to precise indications in cancer surgery. While near-total laryngectomy is an effective and reliable treatment modality in laryngeal cancer surgery, its effectiveness in laryngeal cancers with subglottic extension is debatable. These subglottic lesions should be treated by total laryngectomy, which is a more radical surgery.