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Your search keyword '"Kitterick, Padraig T."' showing total 16 results
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16 results on '"Kitterick, Padraig T."'

1. Impact of NICE technology appraisal guidance TA566 on access to cochlear implantation for children using hearing aids in the United Kingdom: a multisite observational study

Author

Killan, Catherine F, primary, Hoare, Derek J, additional, Hartley, Douglas E H, additional, Church, Paige, additional, Isherwood, Fay, additional, Nasim, Sophia, additional, Cropper, Jason, additional, Gardner, Robert, additional, Willis, Karen, additional, Waite, Nathan, additional, Garnett, Lynette, additional, Morgan, Sara, additional, and Kitterick, Padraig T, additional

Published
2024
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2. UK and US risk factors for hearing loss in neonatal intensive care unit infants.

Author

Thornton, Sally K., Hoare, Derek J., Yates, Alice M., Willis, Karen R., Scutt, Polly, Kitterick, Padraig T., Dixit, Abhijit, and Jayasinghe, Dulip S.

Subjects
PREMATURE infants, NEONATAL intensive care units, AUDIOMETRY, HEARING disorders, INFANT care
Abstract

Importance: Early detection and intervention of hearing loss may mitigate negative effects on children's development. Children who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) as babies are particularly susceptible to hearing loss and risk factors are vital for surveillance. Design, setting and participants: This single-centre retrospective cohort study included data from 142 inborn infants who had been admitted to the NICU in a tertiary regional referral centre. Data were recorded for 71 infants with confirmed permanent congenital hearing loss hearing loss. To determine impact of NICU admission independently of prematurity, babies were individually matched with 71 inborn infants on gestational age, birthweight, and sex. Main outcomes and measures: Neonatal indicators were recorded for all children with permanent congenital hearing loss. Presence of UK and US risk factors for hearing loss were collected on the neonatal population with hearing loss and for the matched controls. Results: A fifth (21%) of babies with hearing loss had one or more UK risk factors whereas most (86%) had at least one US risk factor. False positives would be evident if US factors were used whereas the matched controls had no UK risk factors. Ten babies who at birth had no UK or US risk factors did not have any significant neonatal indicators identified in their records, one was ventilated for one day and two had a genetic anomaly. Conclusions and relevance: Current risk factors for hearing loss we identified for follow-up in this high-risk group are highly specific for congenital hearing loss. UK risk factors were highly specific for hearing loss but not sensitive and conversely, US risk factors are sensitive but not specific so false positives would be recorded. A national study of neonatal indicators could provide the utility to test which combinations of risk factors provide high sensitivity without losing specificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. The bases of difficulties in spatial hearing for speech : investigations using psychoacoustic techniques and magneto-encephalography

Author

Kitterick, Padraig T., Quentin, Summerfield, and Peter, Bailey

Subjects
617.7
Abstract

The experiments reported in this thesis investigated the bases of the difficulties that older adults report when trying to listen to what one person is saying when many other people are speaking at the same time. Experiments 1–4 examined the roles of voluntary and involuntary attention in a spatial listening task for speech among young normally-hearing listeners. When talkers started speaking one at a time, listeners could hear out a target phrase that was less intense than overlapping masker phrases. When talkers started speaking in pairs, listeners could attend to a less intense target phrase only when told in advance who to listen for, where they would speak from, or when they would speak. The distracting effect of the onset of a competing talker was effective over a broad time window. Experiment 5 investigated the relationships between performance on the spatial listening task and several predictors of performance among young and older normally-hearing adults. Poorer performance was related to self-reported difficulties with listening in everyday situations, poorer hearing sensitivity, and poorer performance on visual and auditory tasks of attention requiring fast speed of processing. Experiment 6 examined brain activity associated with successful performance on the spatial listening task using magneto-encephalography. Differences in cortical activity were identified at moments when attention had to be sustained on the target phrase, or when listeners had to resist distraction from the onset of a new masker phrase. Amplitudes, and/or latencies, of differences in brain activity arising in regions associated with attentional processes were related to performance. The results suggest that skills in attention contribute to the ability to listen successfully in multi-talker environments. Age-related difficulties with listening in those environments may arise due to a specific reduction in the ability to resist distraction or a general reduction in the speed at which information can be processed.

Published
2008

15. Preoperative brain imaging using functional near-infrared spectroscopy helps predict cochlear implant outcome in deaf adults

Author

Anderson, Carly A., Wiggins, Ian M., Kitterick, Padraig T., and Hartley, Douglas E.H.

Subjects
Cochlear implantation, Cross-modal plasticity, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Superior temporal cortex, Speechreading, Functional near-infrared spectroscopy, Prognostic imaging
Abstract

Currently it is not possible to accurately predict how well a deaf individual will be able to understand speech when hearing is (re)introduced via a cochlear implant. Differences in brain organisation following deafness are thought to contribute to variability in speech understanding with a cochlear implant and may offer unique insights that could help to more reliably predict outcomes. An emerging optical neuroimaging technique, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), was used to determine whether a preoperative measure of brain activation could explain variability in CI outcomes and offer additional prognostic value above that provided by known clinical characteristics. Cross-modal activation to visual speech was measured in bilateral superior temporal cortex of profoundly deaf adults before cochlear implantation. Behavioural measures of auditory speech understanding were obtained in the same individuals following six months of cochlear-implant use. The results showed that stronger preoperative cross-modal activation of auditory brain regions by visual speech was predictive of poorer auditory speech understanding after implantation. Further investigation suggested that this relationship may have been driven primarily by group differences between pre- and post-lingually deaf individuals. Nonetheless, preoperative cortical imaging provided additional prognostic value above that of influential clinical characteristics, including the age-at-onset and duration of auditory deprivation, suggesting that objectively assessing the physiological status of the brain using fNIRS imaging preoperatively may support more accurate prediction of individual CI outcomes. Whilst activation of auditory brain regions by visual speech prior to implantation was related to the CI user’s clinical history of deafness, activation to visual speech did not relate to the future ability of these brain regions to respond to auditory speech stimulation with a CI. Greater preoperative activation of left superior temporal cortex by visual speech was associated with enhanced speechreading abilities, suggesting that visual-speech processing may help to maintain left temporal-lobe specialisation for language processing during periods of profound deafness.

Published
2019

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