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We study a spatial-temporal structure of quantum fluctuations in the stress-energy tensor of zero-point modes for a scalar field in order to formulate a covariant model. The model describes an invariant vacuum contribution to the cosmological constant in the non-stationary coherent state in a finite volume. Bare and effective mean values of vacuum energy density are compared., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures

A normalizable static supersymmetric bound ground state annihilated by the super-generators has got zero number of internal nodes in the framework of one-dimensional supersymmetric quantum mechanics. The super-generator transformations between excited super-partner bound states as combined with the standard technique of Wronskian provides an elegant and self-sufficient way to derive the equality of internal nodes amount to the number of consequent excitation., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures

A special isotropic energy-momentum tensor causes an anisotropic dynamical segregation of contracting extra dimensions in contrast to expanding dimensions, provided initial data put different arrows of time evolution. Features of such the configuration are problematic and in question., Comment: 6 pages, 7 references

The finite size of doubly heavy diquark gives a positive correction to the masses of baryons calculated in the local diquark approximation. We evaluate this correction for the basic states of doubly charmed baryons to give quite accurate predictions actual for current searches of those baryons at LHCb: $m[{\Xi_{cc}^{1/2}}^{+}]\approx m[{\Xi_{cc}^{1/2}}^{++}]=3615\pm 55$ MeV and $m[{\Xi_{cc}^{3/2}}^{+}]\approx m[{\Xi_{cc}^{3/2}}^{++}]=3747\pm 55$ MeV., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, several references added to the new version

In present work we discuss the production of heavy quarkonia and diquarks in $pp$-interactions. The aim is to take into account the production of bound states of quarks originating from independent parton scatterings. This production is regulated by constraints on the invariant mass of constituents. Such an approach leads to larger value of the diquark production cross section than traditional consideration in single parton scattering. This production mechanism of doubly heavy baryons can sooner be verified by modern experiments (e.g. LHCb). We also discuss related contributions to double and associated quarkonium production., Comment: 12 pages, 6 tables

We construct the model incorporating both an arbitrary shift of cosmological constant and Goldstone boson corresponding to the spontaneous breaking down the global shift symmetry in the matter action. The gravity breaks down the symmetry explicitly and transforms the Goldstone boson to the inflaton field., Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, revtex4

Involving of elastic rescattering and annihilation of quark-antiquark pairs in a final state allows us to explain a dependence of ratio for cross sections of $\eta'$ and $\eta$ mesons versus transfer momentum in charge exchange reactions. We estimate the mixing angle of mesons with isoscalar states of $\bar u u+\bar d d$ and $\bar s s$ of hidden strangeness. The evaluation includes the consistent description of yield ratio for $\eta'$ and $\eta$ mesons in decays of $B^0$, $B^0_s$ and $J/\psi$ mesons., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, revtex4 style; clarifications, argumentations, comments and references added

The exact symmetry induced by the global shift of energy scale for the cosmological constant in the action of matter fields is spontaneously broken by setting the density of real vacuum energy and explicitly broken by the gravity that means the existence of Nambu--Goldstone boson, which transforms into the pseudo-Goldstone boson due to the gravity. We identify this boson with the inflaton in the Einstein frame of action for the fields, while the breaking is induced by a non-minimal interaction of boson with the scalar curvature in the Jordan frame. The role of Galilean symmetry of field equation is emphasized in the procedure of fixing some terms in the bare action., Comment: 11 pages; calculations, comments, 2 figures and references added

By example of a model with a spatially global scalar field, we show that the energy density of zero-point modes is exponentially suppressed by an average number of field quanta in a finite volume with respect to the energy density in the stationary state of minimal energy. We describe cosmological implications of mechanism., Comment: 10 pages, revTeX4; comments and references added

We consider equations of modified gravity involving critical accelerations and find its solutions for the point-like source by suggesting the appropriate symmetry of metrics in the empty space-time., Comment: 9 pages

An artificial scale of observable cosmological constant is dynamically related to its natural bare value due to an installation of relevant coherent state for the inflationary field in a finite volume of early Universe, because of exponential suppression of probability to find the state with zero number of quanta. Homogeneous quantum fluctuations of the field actually put hard constraints on the total amount of inflation., Comment: 12 pages, jcap style, introduction and motivation completely changed

In contrast to Hawking radiation of black hole with a given spacetime structure, we consider a competitive transition due to a heat transfer from a hotter inner horizon to a colder outer horizon of Kerr black hole, that results in a stable thermodynamical state of extremal black hole. In this process, by supposing an emission of gravitational quanta, we calculate the mass of extremal black hole in the final state of transition., Comment: 7 pages

A modified gravity involving a critical acceleration, as empirically established at galactic scales and successfully tested by data on supernovae of type Ia, can fit the measured multipole spectrum of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background radiation, so that a dark sector of Universe is constructively mimicked as caused by the dynamics beyond the general relativity. Physical consequences, verifiable predictions and falsifiable issues are listed and discussed., Comment: 18 pages, 5 eps-figures, references and comments added

A huge value of cosmological constant characteristic for the particle physics and the inflation of early Universe are inherently related to each other: one can construct a fine-tuned superpotential, which produces a flat potential of inflaton with a constant density of energy $V=\Lambda^4$ after taking into account for leading effects due to the supergravity, so that an introduction of small quantum loop-corrections to parameters of this superpotential naturally results in the dynamical instability relaxing the primary cosmological constant by means of inflationary regime. The model phenomenologically agrees with observational data on the large scale structure of Universe at $\Lambda~10^{16}$ GeV., Comment: 24 pages, 22 figures and diagrams, revtex4, references and notes added

In accordance with known phenomenological facts on leptons and quarks in the Standard Model as well as on the scale of neutrino masses and introducing the supersymmetry, we logically substantiate the unique composition of fundamental representation for the fermionic multiplet of gauge group $E_8$., Comment: 9 pages, revtex4 class, minor corrections of errors, clarifications added

Regime of MOND, which is used in astronomy to describe the gravitating systems of island type without the need to postulate the existence of a hypothetical dark matter, is generalized to the case of homogeneous distribution of usual matter by introducing a linear dependence of the critical acceleration on the size of region under consideration. We show that such the extrapolation of MOND in cosmology is consistent with both the observed dependence of brightness on the redshift for type Ia supernovae and the parameters of large-scale structure of Universe in the evolution, that is determined by the presence of a cosmological constant, the ordinary matter of baryons and electrons as well as the photon and neutrino radiation without any dark matter., Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, comments added

The Higgs boson of Standard Model, minimally coupled to the gravitation, is not able to produce the inflation of early Universe if its mass exceeds the threshold value, which is equal to m_H^{min} = 142 GeV in the tree approximation for the scalar potential. Two-loop corrections modify the estimate as m_H^{min} = 150 \pm 3 GeV, so that higher-order corrections of perturbation theory are completely under control, though they are numerically important in respect of experimental searches., Comment: 6 pages

A permissible spectrum of transverse vibrations for the holographic screen modifies both a distribution of thermal energy over bits at low temperatures and the law of gravitation at small accelerations of free fall in agreement with observations of flat rotation curves in spiral galaxies. This modification relates holographic screen parameters in de Sitter space-time with the Milgrom acceleration in MOND., Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure

We argue for a model of low-energy correction to the inflationary potential as caused by the gauge-mediated breaking down the supersymmetry at the scale of $\mu_\textsc{x}\sim 10^4$ GeV, that provides us with the seesaw mechanism of thin domain wall fluctuations in the flat vacuum. The fluctuations are responsible for the vacuum with the cosmological constant at the scale of $\mu_\Lambda\sim 10^{-2}$ eV suppressed by the Planckian mass $m_\mathtt{Pl}$ via $\mu_\Lambda\sim\mu_\textsc{x}^2/m_\mathtt{Pl}$. The appropriate vacuum state is occupied after the inflation with quartic coupling constant $\lambda\sim\mu_\textsc{x}/m_\mathtt{Pl}\sim 10^{-14}$ inherently related with the bare mass scale of $\widetilde m\sim\sqrt{\mu_\textsc{x}m_\mathtt{Pl}}\sim 10^{12}$ GeV determining the thickness of domain walls $\delta r\sim1/\widetilde m$. Such the parameters of potential are still marginally consistent with the observed inhomogeneity of matter density in the Universe. The inflationary evolution suggests the vacuum structure compatible with three fermionic generations of matter as well as with observed hierarchies of masses and mixing in the Standard Model., Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, revtex4 class, references added

On the basis of postulates for the holographic description of gravity and the introduction of entropic force, for static sources we derive the universal law: the entropy of a holographic screen is equal to quarter of its area in the Planck system of units., Comment: 6 pages

The constraint on the mass of Higgs field in the Standard Model at the minimal interaction with the gravity is derived in the form of lower bound $m_H> 150$ GeV by the strict requirement of decoupling the Higgs boson from the inflation of early Universe: the inflation produced by the Higgs scalar could crucially destroy visible properties of large scale structure of Universe, while the large mass makes the Higgs particle not able to produce the inflation and shifts its cosmological role into the region of quantum gravity., Comment: 6 pages, svjour class, comments and reference added

Inflation with a scalar-field potential of the form \lambda (\phi^2-v^2)^2 can be described in terms of a parametrical attractor with critical points, whose driftage depends on the control value of the slowly changing Hubble rate. The method allows us to easily obtain theoretical expressions for fluctuations of inhomogeneity in both the cosmic microwave background and distribution of matter. We find the region for admissible values of potential parameters, wherein theoretical predictions are consistent with experimental results within the limits of measurement uncertainties., Comment: 10 pages, 2 eps-figures, revtex4, submitted to Gen.Rel.Grav

Exotic states in the charmonium family are systematically treated in the framework of simplest model with an effective coulomb-like interaction of heavy quark and antiquark in the presence of static excitation of quark-gluon modes responsible for a nonperturbative term of potential, which provides with the confinement of quarks, in terms of bag over the threshold in the excitation spectrum of vacuum fields. Once the spectrum has got quite a wide mass gap, it allows us to approximate the bag contribution into the potential by a constant value of bag mass at low distances less than the bag size. The bag mass can be evaluated in a constituent model. The analysis is given for the bag contribution into the distribution over the invariant mass of two pions in the hadronic transition between the S-wave states of bag-quarkonium and heavy quarkonium, that leads to the anomaly violating the chiral limit in the region of low invariant masses, which agrees with the observational data. Leptonic constants of vector states are investigated in the presence of exotic states in the framework of quasilocal sum rules. The extra states allow us to improve the consistency of describing the measured widths of leptonic decays for the complete set of vector states in the charmonium family., Comment: 17 pages, 7 eps-figures, revtex4 class, misprints removed and a reference added

At high e-foldings of expansion, the inflation with the quartic potential exhibits the parametric attractor governed by the slowly running Hubble rate. This quasiattractor simplifies the analysis of predictions for the inhomogeneity generated by the quantum fluctuations of inflaton. The method reveals the connection of inflation e-folding with general parameters of preheating regime in various scenarios and observational data., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, revtex class, absract and conclusion modified, equation (67) and its dicussion added in section III.B.1, minor edition of introduction and section III.B.2 performed

The observed small value of cosmological constant can be naturally related with the scale of breaking down supersymmetry in agreement with other evaluations in particle physics., Comment: 12 pages, revtex4 class, 2 eps-figures

The cosmological constant is inherently determined by the scale of breaking down supersymmetry in the mechanism of seesaw fluctuations of two vacuum-states., Comment: 4 pages, revtex4 class, reference added

In the framework of simple assumption on factorizing a mixing of vector state with isoscalar components in effective amplitudes of isospin breaking caused by the electromagnetic quark current, a branching fraction of radiative $J/\psi\to a_0$ transition is evaluated at the level of $3\cdot 10^{-3}$., Comment: 3 pages, revtex4 class, 2 eps-figures; reference, comment and acknowledgement added

For evolution of flat universe, we classify late time and future attractors with scaling behavior of scalar field quintessence in the case of potential, which, at definite values of its parameters and initial data, corresponds to exact scaling in the presence of cosmological constant., Comment: 11 pages, 16 eps-figures, revtex4, reference with comment added

The specified constant 4-vector field reproducing the spherically symmetric stationary metric of cold dark matter halo in the region of flat rotation curves results in a constant angle of light deflection at small impact distances. The effective deflecting mass is factor $\pi/2$ greater than the dark matter mass. The perturbation of deflection picture due to the halo edge is evaluated., Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX iopart class, 10 eps figures; explanaitions and discussion are extended and improved, reference added; version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity

A precise measurement of the angle $\alpha$ in the CKM triangle is very important for a complete test of Standard Model. A theoretically clean method to extract $\alpha$ is provided by B$^0 \to \rho \pi$ decays. Monte Carlo simulations to obtain the BTeV reconstruction efficiency and to estimate the signal to background ratio for these decays were performed. Finally the time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis, using the isospin amplitude formalism for tree and penguin contributions, was carried out. It was shown that in one year of data taking BTeV could achieve an accuracy on $\alpha$ better than 5$^{\circ}$., Comment: 26 pages, 11 figures. To be submitted to Phys.Atom.Nucl

The black hole as the thermodynamical system in equilibrium possesses the periodicity of motion in imaginary time, that allows us to formulate the quasi-classical rule of quantization. The rule yields the equidistant spectrum for the entropy of non-rotating black holes as well as for the appropriately scaled entropy in the case of rotation. We clarify and discuss a role of quasi-normal modes., Comment: 5 pages, RevTeX4 class; v2, v3: references added

An effective action of ghost condensate with higher derivatives creates a source of gravity and mimics a dark matter in spiral galaxies. We present a spherically symmetric static solution of Einstein--Hilbert equations with the ghost condensate at large distances, where flat rotation curves are reproduced in leading order over small ratio of two energy scales characterizing constant temporal and spatial derivatives of ghost field: $\mu_*^2$ and $\mu_\star^2$, respectively, with a hierarchy $\mu_\star\ll \mu_*$. We assume that a mechanism of hierarchy is provided by a global monopole in the center of galaxy. An estimate based on the solution and observed velocities of rotations in the asymptotic region of flatness, gives $\mu_*\sim 10^{19}$ GeV and the monopole scale in a GUT range $\mu_\star\sim 10^{16}$ GeV, while a velocity of rotation $v_0$ is determined by the ratio: $ \sqrt{2} v_0^2= \mu_\star^2/\mu_*^2$. A critical acceleration is introduced and naturally evaluated of the order of Hubble rate, that represents the Milgrom's acceleration., Comment: Plenary talk presented at Workshop on High Energy Physics&Field Theory (Protvino, Russia, 2004)

In the framework of thermal quantization of radial geodesics completely confined behind the horizons we calculate the entropy of BTZ black hole in agreement with the Bekenstein--Hawking relation. Particles in the BTZ black hole occupy the only quantum ground level. The quantization allow us to find a linear dependence of black hole mass versus its orbital momentum., Comment: 6 pages, 2 eps-figures, revtex4 class

We establish a state of stopping the Hawking radiation by quantum Schwarzschild black hole in the framework of quasi-classical thermal quantization for particles behind the horizon. The mechanism of absorption and radiation by the black hole is presented., Comment: 14 pages, iopart class, 8 eps-figures

Using thermal quantization of geodesics confined under horizons and reasonable conjecture on massless modes, we evaluate quantum spectrum of Kerr black hole masses compatible with superstring symmetries., Comment: 10 pages, 4 eps-figures, iopart class, comments and references added