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Wisdom is the hallmark of social judgment, but how people across cultures recognize wisdom remains unclear-distinct philosophical traditions suggest different views of wisdoms cardinal features. We explore perception of wise minds across 16 socio-economically and culturally diverse convenience samples from 12 countries. Participants assessed wisdom exemplars, non-exemplars, and themselves on 19 socio-cognitive characteristics, subsequently rating targets wisdom, knowledge, and understanding. Analyses reveal two positively related dimensions-Reflective Orientation and Socio-Emotional Awareness. These dimensions are consistent across the studied cultural regions and interact when informing wisdom ratings: wisest targets-as perceived by participants-score high on both dimensions, whereas the least wise are not reflective but moderately socio-emotional. Additionally, individuals view themselves as less reflective but more socio-emotionally aware than most wisdom exemplars. Our findings expand folk psychology and social judgment research beyond the Global North, showing how individuals perceive desirable cognitive and socio-emotional qualities, and contribute to an understanding of mind perception.

Background: Humans often use co-speech gestures to promote effective communication. Attention has been paid to the cortical areas engaged in the processing of co-speech gestures. Aims: To investigate the neural network underpinned in the processing of co-speech gestures and to observe whether there is a relationship between areas involved in language and gesture processing. Methods & Procedures: We planned to include studies with neurotypical and/or stroke participants who underwent a bimodal task (i.e., processing of co-speech gestures with relative speech) and a unimodal task (i.e., speech or gesture alone) during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) session. After a database search, abstract and full-text screening were conducted. Qualitative and quantitative data were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed with the software GingerALE 3.0.2, performing contrast analyses of uni- and bimodal tasks. Main Contribution: The database search produced 1024 records. After the screening process, 27 studies were included in the review. Data from 15 studies were quantitatively analysed through meta-analysis. Meta-analysis found three clusters with a significant activation of the left middle frontal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral middle occipital gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus. Conclusions: There is a close link at the neural level for the semantic processing of auditory and visual information during communication. These findings encourage the integration of the use of co-speech gestures during aphasia treatment as a strategy to foster the possibility to communicate effectively for people with aphasia.

There are many ways to go wrong when evaluating new information, e.g. by putting unwarranted trust in non-experts, or failing to scrutinize information about threats. We examined how effective people were at evaluating information about the COVID-19 pandemic. Early in the course of the pandemic, we recruited 1791 participants from six countries with varying levels of pandemic severity, and asked them to evaluate true and false pandemic-related statements (assertions and prescriptions) sampled from the media. We experimentally manipulated the source of each statement (a doctor, a political/religious leader, social media, etc.). Overall, people proved to be epistemically vigilant: they distinguished between true and false statements, especially prescriptions, and they trusted doctors more than other sources. These effects were moderated by feeling threatened by the pandemic, and by strong identification with some sources (political/religious leaders). These findings provide optimism in the fight against misinformation, while highlighting challenges posed by politics and ideology.

The aim of study is to investigate the relationship between self-disclosure and internet addiction. Self-Disclosure Scale and Internet Addiction Scale were applied to students. Results indicated a negative correlation between self-disclosure and internet addiction. Self-disclosure was negative predicted by internet addiction in the structural equation model. Fit indices obtained from the structural equation model established to determine the level of clarification of internet addiction by the level of self-disclosure indicates that the model fits well.

Counseling and non-counseling duties were investigated. The Assessment of School Counselor Needs for Professional Development (ASCNPD; Dahir & Stone, 2003, 2004) was used to examine the practices of 1,244 school counselors to determine the prevalence of the activities among school counselors. Principal component analysis indicated a two-factor structure for the ASCNPD related to "counseling duties" and "noncounseling duties." Additional analyses using MANOVA revealed significant grade level differences and urban and rural school differences. Results and implications related to counseling roles and role confusion are discussed.

PurposeThis study compared the effects of inpatient-based rehabilitation program of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using non-immersive virtual reality (VR) training with a traditional pulmonary rehabilitation program. The aims of this study were to determine 1) whether rehabilitation featuring both VR as well as exercise training provides benefits over exercise training (ET) alone and 2) whether rehabilitation featuring VR training instead of exercise training provides equivalent benefits.Patients and methodsThe study recruited 106 patients with COPD to a 2-week high-intensity, five times a week intervention. Randomized into three groups, 34 patients participated in a traditional pulmonary rehabilitation program including endurance exercise training (ET), 38 patients participated in traditional pulmonary rehabilitation, including both endurance exercise training and virtual reality training (ET+VR) and 34 patients participated in pulmonary rehabilitation program including virtual reality training but no endurance exercise training (VR). The traditional pulmonary rehabilitation program consisted of fitness exercises, resistance respiratory muscle and relaxation training. Xbox 360® and Kinect® Adventures software were used for the VR training of lower and upper body strength, endurance, trunk control and dynamic balance. Comparison of the changes in the Senior Fitness Test was the primary outcome. Analysis was performed using linear mixed-effects models.ResultsThe comparison between ET and ET+VR groups showed that ET+VR group was superior to ET group in Arm Curl (p

Pawel Kiper,1 Ewa Przysi&eogon;&zdot;na,2 B&lstrok;a&zdot;ej Cie&sacute;lik,1 Katarzyna Broniec-Siekaniec,3 Aleksandra Kuci&nacute;ska,3 Jaros&lstrok;aw Szczygie&lstrok;,4,5 Katarzyna Turek,6 Robert Gajda,7,8 Joanna Szczepa&nacute;ska-Gieracha2 1Healthcare Innovation Technology Lab, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venezia, Italy; 2Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland; 3“REPTY” Upper Silesian Rehabilitation Centre, Tarnowskie Góry, Poland; 4Humanitas University in Sosnowiec, Sosnowiec, Poland; 5Neurorehabilitation Department, District Hospital, Zawiercie, Poland; 6The Karol Lipi&nacute;ski Academy of Music in Wroclaw, Wroc&lstrok;aw, Poland; 7Gajda-Med District Hospital in Pultusk, Pu&lstrok;tusk, Poland; 8Department of Kinesiology and Health Prevention, Jan Dlugosz University in Cz&eogon;stochowa, Cz&eogon;stochowa, PolandCorrespondence: Pawel Kiper, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Alberoni 70, Venezia, 30126, Italy, Tel +390412207157, Email pawel.kiper@hsancamillo.itPurpose: Depressive symptoms constitute an important group of mental problems that alter the course of post-stroke rehabilitation by reducing quality of life, physical activity, social functioning, and interpersonal relationships. Although several studies have shown the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) in the motor treatment of poststroke patients, there is a lack of studies that would also evaluate the impact of VR on psychological aspects. Thus, we investigated the effectiveness of immersive VR therapy on both functional activity and depressive symptoms in stroke survivors.Patients and Methods: We conducted a single blind, randomized controlled trial comparing VR therapy with Schultz’s Autogenic Training (SAT). Patients randomized to the VR group received treatment in an immersive VR therapeutic garden with elements of psychotherapy and physical activity of the upper extremities, whereas patients in the control group received SAT. Additionally, patients in both groups received standard neurological rehabilitation. The full research cycle lasted six weeks. We used Geriatric Depression Scale, Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, Acceptance of Illness Scale, Visual Analogue Scale of pain, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Barthel Index, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale and Rivermead Motor Assessment for outcome assessment. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03830372).Results: We assessed 60 patients and randomly assigned to the VR or control group. The VR group showed a significant reduction in depressive symptoms (ηp2 = 0.13, p < 0.01) compared to SAT. The applied VR therapy significantly increased the sense of self-efficacy and the level of acceptance of the illness; however, this effect was similar to that obtained with the standard intervention. We did not observe statistically significant changes in the functional parameters of post-stroke patients.Conclusion: The use of VR therapy combined with neurological rehabilitation had a positive effect on improving mood and reducing depressive symptoms in post-stroke patients.Keywords: stroke, depressive symptoms, virtual reality, mental health, neurorehabilitation

Researchers explored group differences in the predictive validity of undergraduate GPA, GRE, and MAT scores on CPCE results between 14a sample of White and Black counseling students (n = 378). Results indicated that both the GRE and MAT demonstrate predictive validity on CPCE scores. Differences across the sampling groups and implications for counselor education will be discussed.

Students in a master's-level graduate course in school counseling program evaluation conducted a qualitative research study to investigate school counselors' experiences with evidence-based program delivery and evaluation. We discuss the study's findings that illuminated themes of challenges faced by school counselors with implications for evidence-based practice. The abbreviated methodology used in this study showed promise for school counselors in the field to conduct qualitative action research that may demonstrate adequate trustworthiness and credibility.

• Elevated oxidative stress and exercise intolerance is common in cystic fibrosis. • Telehealth based combining aerobic and core stabilization exercises improve exercise capacity. • Changes in oxidative stress and irisin levels was similar among the groups. Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) experience increased oxidative stress. Tele-exercise can be a new method to improve exercise in CF. This study aimed to investigate the effect of telehealth-based exercise training using different modalities (combined exercise training group, CombG, core stabilization exercise group, SG), in comparison with control group (CG), on exercise capacity, oxidative stress, and irisin in children with CF. Thirty-nine children with CF (mean age=11.41±2.18 years, mean FEV 1 (z-score)=-0.66±1.96) were included in the study. The children were randomly allocated to groups. The CombG and SG performed core stabilization exercises (CS) 3 days per week for 8 weeks. The CombG also performed aerobic exercises 3 days per week in addition to CS. Physical activity (PA) recommendations were provided to the CG. Exercise capacity was evaluated using the Modified Shuttle Test (MST). Oxidative stress was assessed using total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The irisin level was also measured. Children's baseline sex, age, BMI, and FEV 1 z-scores were similar (p > 0.05). The MST distance (p = 0.047,np2=0.157) and%MST distance (p = 0.045, np2=0.159) significantly improved in the CombG compared with the SG and CG. Although TAS and SOD decreased over time (p < 0.05), no significant changes were observed for TAS, TOS, OSI, MDA, SOD, and irisin parameters between the groups after training (p > 0.05). Combining aerobic exercise training with core stabilization applied using telehealth improved exercise capacity more than core stabilitation training only or PA recommendations in children with CF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Identifying a foreign body aspiration (FBA) still remains a diagnostic difficulty. Moreover, the indications for bronchoscopy in subjects of suspected foreign bodies are not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of pediatric pulmonologists in diagnosing FBA. Methods. This was a retrospective, single-center study on children who underwent rigid bronchoscopy for suspected FBA. Data on the patients were obtained from the medical records. Patients who had foreign bodies (FB) identified during rigid bronchoscopy were classified as FB positive, and those in whom rigid bronchoscopy did not detect FB were defined as FB negative. Demographic data as well as consultation status with a pediatric pulmonologist were compared between these two groups. Furthermore, the patients were categorized into three groups based on their clinical scores that assessed the likelihood of the presence of FB: low risk, moderate risk, and high risk. Results. Out of 474 rigid bronchoscopies, 232 (48.9%) detected FB. Consultation by a pediatric pulmonologist was not requested in 388 (81.8%). Out of these 388 patients, 206 (53%) were negative for FB. In terms of FB detection success, there was no difference between individuals who sought pulmonology consultation and those who did not (58.1% vs. 53.1% respectively, p=0.059). However, when the children were categorized based on their risk levels, the incidence of detecting FB among children in low-risk group was 42% when they received consultation from the pulmonology department, whereas this incidence dropped to 5.6% when pulmonology consultation was not sought (p<0.001). Conclusions. Consulting a pediatric pulmonologist, particularly for low-risk individuals, might reduce the likelihood of performing unnecessary bronchoscopies. Given that rigid bronchoscopy is an intrusive technique, it is crucial to reduce the number of negative bronchoscopies in order to mitigate complications associated with it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]