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2. Correlation between Gray/White Matter Volume and Cognition in Healthy Elderly People

Author

Taki, Yasuyuki, Kinomura, Shigeo, Sato, Kazunori, Goto, Ryoi, Wu, Kai, Kawashima, Ryuta, and Fukuda, Hiroshi

Abstract

This study applied volumetric analysis and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of brain magnetic resonance (MR) images to assess whether correlations exist between global and regional gray/white matter volume and the cognitive functions of semantic memory and short-term memory, which are relatively well preserved with aging, using MR image data from 109 community-dwelling healthy elderly individuals. We used the Information and Digit Span subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligent Scale-Revised as measures of semantic memory and short-term memory, respectively. We found significant positive correlations between the gray matter ratio, the percentage of gray matter volume in the intracranial volume, and performance on the Digit Span subtest, and between the regional gray matter volumes of the bilateral anterior temporal lobes and performance on the Information subtest. No significant correlations between performance on the cognitive tests and white matter volume were found. Our results suggest that individual variability in specific cognitive functions that are relatively well preserved with aging is accounted for by the variability of gray matter volume in healthy elderly subjects. (Contains 1 figure and 3 tables.)

Published
2011
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5. Difficulties with Workplace Support for a Patient with Frontotemporal Dementia: A Case Report

Author

Kumai,Mika, Kumai,Keiichi, Nakamura,Kei, Kinomura,Shigeo, and Meguro,Kenichi

Subjects
International Medical Case Reports Journal
Abstract

Mika Kumai,1,2 Keiichi Kumai,3 Kei Nakamura,3 Shigeo Kinomura,4 Kenichi Meguro2,3,5 1The Friend Pharmacy, Osaki, Miyagi, Japan; 2Cyclotron Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; 3Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; 4Clinic of Imaging Medicine and Brain Health, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; 5Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, JapanCorrespondence: Kenichi MeguroTohoku University New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, IDAC, Sendai, 980-8575, JapanTel +81-22-717-7359Email kenichi.meguro.e6@tohoku.ac.jpAbstract: A 59-year-old, right-handed woman made many mistakes in her job in a pharmacy, despite having considerable experience working in this setting. She had a can-do attitude, but also showed no sign of remorse when she failed. Other staff grew impatient with her and she was diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia based on clinical and brain imaging findings. After diagnosis, other staff understood that the disease was the cause of her difficulties, and her work tasks and hours were changed to fit with her stereotypical behavior. This support in the workplace made it possible for her to continue her job.Keywords: workspace support, frontotemporal dementia, dementia

Published
2021

38. A longitudinal study of the relationship between personality traits and the annual rate of volume changes in regional gray matter in healthy adults

Author

Taki, Yasuyuki, Thyreau, Benjamin, Kinomura, Shigeo, Sato, Kazunori, Goto, Ryoi, Wu, Kai, Kawashima, Ryuta, and Fukuda, Hiroshi

Subjects
Adult, Male, Brain Mapping, Time Factors, Personality Inventory, Brain, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Young Adult, Sex Factors, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Humans, Regression Analysis, Female, Longitudinal Studies, Research Articles, Aged, Personality
Abstract

To investigate whether personality traits affect the rate of decline of gray matter volume, we analyzed the relationships between personality traits and the annual rate of changes of gray matter volume in 274 healthy community dwelling subjects with a large age range by applying a longitudinal design over 6 years, using brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) and the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO‐PI‐R) at baseline. Brain MRI data were processed using voxel‐based morphometry with a custom template by applying the DARTEL diffeomorphic registration tool. For each subject, we used NEO‐PI‐R to evaluate the five major personality traits, including neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. The results show that the annual rate of change in regional gray matter volume in the right inferior parietal lobule was correlated significantly and negatively with a personality of openness, which is known to be related to intellect, intellectual curiosity, and creativity adjusting for age, gender, and intracranial volume. This result indicates that subjects with a personality trait of less openness have an accelerated loss of gray matter volume in the right inferior parietal lobule, compared with subjects with a personality trait of more openness. Because the right inferior parietal lobule is involved in higher cognitive function such as working memory and creativity, a personality trait of openness is thought to be important for preserving gray matter volume and cognitive function of the right inferior parietal lobule in healthy adults. Hum Brain Mapp 34:3347–3353, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Published
2012

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