Search

Title: Design of compensatory exercises for kitesurfing Objectives: The aim of the bachelor thesis is to briefly characterize kitesurfing as a sport, to describe its possible influence on the musculoskeletal system and to create a set of compensatory exercises with and without the use of equipment, including several compensatory programs. Methods: The work was based on the collection and analysis of available information obtained from literature and internet sources. The basis for the selection of the proposed compensatory exercises was professional literature and articles focused on the elimination of muscle imbalances and injury prevention. The design of short compensatory programs was also based on own experience gained during kitesurfing. Results: Based on the available information from literature and articles, it was found that the most common injuries are to the lower limbs, especially the knee and ankle joints, as a result of problems during landing, manoeuvre or jump. Overuse areas include the lumbar spine, abdominal muscles and thighs. Problems related to the safety system, inability to relax and shallow water, which is risky on impact, are usually cited as the cause of trauma and accidents. Keywords: kitesurfing, muscle imbalance, injury, compensatory exercise

Title: Myths in nutrition Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to define and analyse the most common myths about nutrition that are commonly encountered on websites, social networks or in popular science literature. I will then seek to confirm or refute these claims by reviewing the available scientific evidence. Methods: Research Keywords: sports nutrition, protein, anabolic window, evening meal, protein before bedtime, effects of creatine, gluten-free diet, fats

Title: The effect of blue light on sleep Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis was to determine the effect of blue light on sleep quality. Methods: This is an experiment. 10 probands, whose ages ranged from 18 to 24, took part in the experiment. The participants were represented in the number of 2 men and 8 women. The research was conducted in 3 phases. In the 1st phase, the subjects' monthly sleep was monitored with a watch (Garmin brand). In phase 2, the probands put on red blue light blocking glasses (Tron brand) 1.5 hours before sleep. After 3 months of wearing the glasses, the 3rd phase occurred, in which the monthly sleep was again monitored with a watch (Garmin brand). At the same time, respondents completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in the 1st and 5th months. The questionnaire provides scores on seven subscales, including sleep latency, sleep duration, usual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, sleep quality, sleep medication use, and daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness. Results: The aim of the work was to determine the effect of blue light on sleep quality. The results show that the goal was confirmed. We set out a research question that was about whether sleep quality differs without and with the use of red blue light blocking glasses. Since there was a change in...

The thesis focuses on the significance of natural adaptogens. The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic and to further examine specific adaptogens chosen by me, with a focus on their potential effects in supporting athletic performance, using available studies. It is a theoretical work that was developed through a literature review. Keywords: adaptogens, adaptogenic herbs, tonics, tonic herbs, athletic performance, recovery. ashwagandha, giseng, rhodiola rosea

Title: Body composition of the Czech national snowboardcross team Objectives: The aim of this work is to measure and evaluate body composition as a factor influencing sports performance in the Czech snowboardcross team and comparison with relevant data of foreign authors. Methods: We evaluated body composition data using whole-body BIA analysis (Bodystat 1500 monofrequency analyzer in the field), anthropometric examination (height, weight) and waist-hip ratio, indicating the risk of cardiovascular disease. At the same time, we recorded the age and length of training of snowboarders. We used statistical operations (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minima and maxima, statistical and material significance) for data analysis. We also compared the data with the relevant results of national teams of Italy and the USA (Vernillo et al., 2016; Sands et al., 2021) and data from the untrained population (Schutz et al., 2002; Abe et al., 2018). Results: We found that the average BMI of the Czech national team in snowboarding is 24.49 ± 1.8 kg/m2 (men) and 23.95 ± 0.94 kg/m2 (women). The mean WHR is 0.8 ± 0.03 (males) and 0.72 ± 0.04 (females). The Czech representatives significantly (p ˂ 0.05) and materially (d ≥ 0.8) differ significantly from the untrained population in FFMI values of 21.6 ± 1.1 kg/m2...

Title: Sports nutrition supplements and their use among junior and senior rowers in Czech Republic Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to compare the use of sports nutrition supplements in junior and senior rowers categories in the Czech Republic. Methods: In this thesis, a comparative study was used in which an online survey method was used in the research. Data was collected using a survey that participants completed independently online. The survey was placed in a Google forms environment. The link to the survey was disseminated among the research participants through social networking sites. Results: The results of the survey showed that 75 % of the respondents use sports nutrition supplements, with almost half of them using them more than once a week between 2 and 5 years. The required number of junior rowers did not participate in the survey, so we can assume that there are more rowers in the senior category than in the junior category. For this reason, the results of the survey were processed on rowers in general. The respondents use sports nutrition supplements most in the preparation period, and the most used supplements are protein preparations. The most frequently described observed effects of sports nutrition supplements are both a better feeling of performance and a feeling of...

Title: The relationship between physical activity and memory in older adults with or without diabetes. Objectives: The main goal of my diploma thesis was to determine the effect of physical activity on memory in people over 65 with and without diabetes. Another goal was to find out how much influence the level of education has on the results of memory tests. Methods: This diploma thesis is designed as a cross-sectional study that processes data from the sixth wave of the international project Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The Mann-Whitney U test was used for hypothesis testing in two-category tests. For testing hypotheses with more than two categories, the Kruskal-Wallis test with subsequent post hoc analysis by Mann-Whitney U test with Bonfferoni correction was used. The tested files are described by basic statistical indicators. Population histograms and error bar graphs were used to graphically represent the test results. The data were processed in the statistical program SPSS from IBM and in Microsoft Excel. Results: The results showed a statistically significant positive effect, either for "sports or activities that are vigorous" or for "activities requiring a moderate level of energy" for results in the test of immediate and delayed memory of 10 words. All tests...

Theme: Morphofunctional characteristics and physical aktivity profile in Czech elite traceurs Aims: The aim of the work is to describe anthropometric and somatic characteristics and movement profile in elite Czech parkourists. Methods: The research group consisted of 20 men of the elite category of traceurs, (actively competing, n = 5, competing in community competitions, n = 8 and noncompetitors, n = 7). To obtain the necessary parameters, the following will be used: 1. parameters of body typology according to the somatotype methodology (Heath and Carter, 1967). 2. Parameters of body composition and bone health obtained from Dualenergy X-ray absorptiometers (DXA) according to Hologic methodology 3. Parameters of physical activity profile obtained from Actigraf GTX9 according to Actilife methodology. Results: The average somatotype of the evaluated traceurs was 1.8±0,7 - 4.9±0,9 - 3.0±0,7, which means classification into the category of ectomorphic mesomorphs and group B, characteristic of versatile gifted individuals. The traceurs' somatotypes were different with regard to their categorization. The highest values of the mesomorphic component were measured for the group of active competitors and the highest values of the ectomorphic component in the group of non-competitors. Parkourists had an...

Title: The value of regeneration in the process of physical education of selected members of the Czech Army Objectives: The main aim of this study was to determine the attitude to physical recovery of soldiers of the Honor Guard of the Czech Army. Methods: Quantitative research was conducted by a survey. Collected data was obtained using an electronic online survey which was created on the Google Forms platform. The data collected from 85 active respondents were then analyzed. Results: The data that was obtained by using an electronic online survey indicates, that 90.6% of all respondents use some kind of regeneration treatments. 81.8% of respondents use a combination of sauna and steam, which is the most used regeneration procedure. 41.6% of respondents use regeneration procedures several times a week and 32.5% of respondents use regeneration procedures at least once a week. 51.6% of respondents consider the term regeneration as a complex concept that includes sleep, rest, recovery of the body after physical activity, targeted use of regenerative procedures, energy recovery and an essential component of the physical training process. Keywords: regeneration, professional physical education, Army of the Czech Republic, Honor Guard

Title: Improving the posture of a former volleyball player during a three-month intervention Objectives: The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to process a literature search, to introduce beach volleyball and clarify its problems in the possible emergence of muscle imbalances and postural deviations. Another goal is to choose a former beach volleyball player, to perform an examination of the musculoskeletal system. The main goal of this work is to compile, describe, apply a compensatory exercise program and verify its effect in terms of posture adjustment and interpret the results of the examination and the applied intervention program. Methods: The thesis is a case study of a former beach volleyball player with deviations from the correct posture, for which an intervention exercise program was compiled on the basis of musculoskeletal diagnostics. The program lasted three months and was aimed at compensating for poor posture and identified muscle imbalances. The program consisted of partial compen-satory training units, which included breathing exercises focused on activating the muscles of the deep stabilization system, relaxation, stretching and strengthening exercises, which were modified after mastering lighter variants. A comprehensive kinesiological analysis, functional tests of spinal mobility...

Title: Body composition and motor performance in children of younger school age Objectives: The main objective is to prepare a literature review on the issue of body composition and motor performance. A partial goal is to evaluate the methods of estimating body composition and evaluation of test batteries designed to diagnose motor performance of individuals of younger school age. Methods: The work was processed on the basis of research and comparison of domestic and foreign professional literature, which deals with body composition and motor performance. These concepts were identified through content analysis of professional communications, publications and articles. Many information sources were used to obtain data, mainly professional literature and books on sports topics concentrated in the National Digital Library of the Czech Republic. And then also the Portal of Electronic Resources of Charles University, especially PubMed and SPORTDiscus. To search for data for this work, I used keywords such as body composition, physical fitness, motor performance, diagnostics, younger school age, test battery. Results: Research summarized the literature on the topic body composition and motor performance. Another result is a summary of body composition estimation methods and test systems for diagnosis the...

Title: Compensation of muscle asymmetries in cross-country skiers Objectives: The goal was to assemble methodological material, that is focused on muscle imbalances in cross-country skiers. Which is based on review of found materials and results gained from author's bachleor's thesis. Tasks: The task was a review of Czech and foreign literature followed by explanation of terms compensation exercise and muscle imbalances. Next task was assembling of methodological material, that is focused on muscle imbalances in cross-country skiers. Methods: Method used was comparative analysis of found materials reffering to the topic of muscle imbalances in cross-country skiers. Results: On the basis of review of found literature and results gained from author's bachleor's thesis was made a methodological tool - stack of compensation exercises for cross-country skiers. Keywords: cross-country skiing, muscle imbalance, compensatory exercise

Title: The effect of citrulline and citrulline malate supplementation on selected physiological indicators - review study. Objectives: Systematic findings overview of the effect of citrulline and citrulline malate on healthy individual's locomotor system and other physiological indicators. Methods: The study is designed as a findings overview. Electronic databases pubmed.com and ukaz.cuni.cz were used as an information source. "Citrulline" or "citrulline malate" and "exercise performance" and "randomized controlled trial" keywords were used for the information search. Results: Eighteen studies and 307 individuals are included in the overview. Studies are categorized according to duration and type of supplementation substance. Four studies agree on the strength improvement after acute use of citrulline malate. Four studies agree on endurance improvement in case of citrulline long term use. Three studies conclude on pain mitigation in case of substance use 24, 48 and 72 hours after training. Also, studies agree on increase of the levels of citrulline, arginine and ornithine plasmatic concentration after use of citrulline and citrulline malate. Three studies indicate possible fatigue decrease during the training in case of use of citrulline. Conclusion: Use of citrulline and citrulline malate can be...

Title: A Comparison of Somatotype between Female Rugby Union Forwards and Backs Objectives: To compare differences and similarities of somatotype between female forwards and backs of the Czech Rugby Union. Method: A total number of 30 elite female rugby players participated in this study. Somatic measurements necessary to specify one's somatotype and Heath- Carter method were used on all subjects. All collected data was analysed in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets with results demonstrated using bar charts, tables and somatographs. Results: No significant differences were found between selected groups. Mesomorphy was found to have the highest value in both groups followed by the endomorphic and ectomorphic component. The endomorphic and mesomorphic component was found to be higher in forwards, however the value of ectomorphy was slightly higher in backs. In comparison with research of Welsh female rugby players, mean somatotype of this study was more comparable to the elite group of players. Keywords: somatotype, Rugby Union, forwards, backs

Title: Eating habits of children in sports primary schools Objectives: The aim of the diploma thesis is to find out and compare the eating habits of selected children from sports and non-sports classes at primary schools with a sports focus. Methods: In the research part, a survey was chosen, the aim of which was to obtain the necessary information regarding the eating habits of a selected group of students. A total of 208 respondents aged 10-15 participated in the survey. Results: The obtained average BMI values of all respondents are below the 75th percentile, which indicates the values of optimal and proportional body weight. We found different eating habits between respondents of sports and non-sports classes. Respondents from non-sports classes have worse eating habits than respondents from sports classes. However, surprising differences were evaluated in the possibilities of spending free time. A total of 39.6% of respondents spend time at the weekend at home or in other activities, such as watching television. Of this, 22.6% are respondents from sports classes, which is more than respondents from non- sports classes (17.1%). A total of 60.4% of respondents engage in sports activities in their free time, where respondents from non-sports classes are more represented (31.2%). Keywords:...

Title: Somatotype Comparison in Short Distance and Long Distance Triathlon Objectives: The goal is to determine the somatotype of triathletes competing in half ironman distance triathlons with triathletes competing in short distance triathlons. Methods: The Heath and Carter method was used for measuring the anthropometric parameters. The gained data were used in specific equations to calculate each of the three somatotype compoments. The anthropometric measurements involved participants of the Czechman Tour races. Results: By gaining appropriate anthropometric data, the average somatotype of triathletes competing in half distance events (2,1 - 4,4 - 2,9) falls into the category of ectomorphic mesomorph, whereas the somatotype of competitors in short distance events (2,1 - 4,4 - 2,9) falls into the category of mesomorphic ectomorphs. Keywords: somatotype, triathlon, body type, the Heath and Carter method

Title: Nutrition of the children playing football Objectives: The main objective of this thesis was to figure out the eating habits of the children in the U14 category of football players. Specifically, the observation was done for three days - a training day, a match day and a free day. It was also observed how these days different from each other. Finally the nutrition recommendations were provided based on the observations. Methods: The thesis was performed as the cross-section study. To gain the information about the nutrition habits there was used the standardized nutrition questionnaire. Nonparametric statistics methods were used for statistical data analysis. Results: Research was performed on the sample of 12 boys in the age of 12-13 years who play the football at the student league level. Students sample was chosen from the students in the Czech Republic. The insufficient energetic income and particularly a carbohydrate deficiency was identified in the sample. The highest deficiencies were measured during the match day. On the contrary the highest amounts were measured during a free day. There were not any significant differences identified in comparison to the recommendations. Conclusion: From the energetic and macronutriens income perspective the study did not confirm different incomes...

The bachelor thesis deals with the importance of natural antinutritive and toxic substances. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive view of the topic and further specify the selected group of substances with a focus on their possible effects on the health of the general population and the health of athletes. This is a theoretical type of thesis, which was processed using the method of literary research. Key words: antinutrients, anti-nutritional factors, plant foods, potential health benefits, adverse health effect, proteas inhibitors, phytoestrogens

Title: Effect of Alkaline Water Consumption on Sports Performance Objectives: The aim of the work was to find out the differences in performance after three days of intake of alkaline water in comparison with intake of water with normal pH. Methods: The thesis is conceived as an experimental study. A total of 12 participants aged 19-28 participated in the study. Volunteers were students of the UK FTVS military field. The testing included repeated crate outputs (Step-test), reaction rate tests on visual and auditory stimuli. Before and after exercise, blood lactate value, specific urine weight, and body diagnostics were recorded using a bio-impedance device. The study lasted a total of 3 weeks. Testing was performed with weekly spacing in controlled drinking regime of common or alkaline drinking water, always 2 days before testing. The obtained data were then analyzed and processed. Results: The average power of the Step-test participants in the first part of the measurement for both tests after the use of plain water is 718,8 W, compared to the average power of the participants after the use of alkaline water, which is higher and reaches 848,8 W. The test was 15,7 % with placebo and -0,9 % with alkaline water. The average perception of fatigue after drinking alkaline water was lower than that of...

Title: Body composition analysis of AC Sparta Prague futsal players Objective:The main objective of this work is to evaluate selected body composition parameters of the AC Sparta Prague futsal players. Methods: A total of 13 players participated in the research (2 goalkeepers, 5 defenders and 6 forwards). Bioelectric impedance analysis using BIA-Tanita MC 980 was used to determine body composition. The monitored parameters were body height, body weight, BMI and other body composition parameters. Statistical data processing (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, tables and graphs) performed in Microsoft Excel. Results: The players of AC Sparta Praha as a whole do not have a typical body composition for top athletes. The mean age of the measured team was 28.2 ± 5.7 years. The average body height of the measured team was 178.1 ± 5.8 cm. The total average weight of the measured set was 79.4 ± 7.6 kg. It has been found that on average, attackers have the highest percentage of body fat and muscle mass. Keywords: futsal, body composition, player posts, bioelectric impedance

Title: Specific exercise program (HIIT) and its influence on body composition in men and women. Objective: The main objective of the study was to analyze changes of body composition in men and women, who completed a three-month exercise program. Methods: The work has the character of an empirical research, where the main method is observation. At the beginning of the research, the group consisted of 15 men and 15 women. The research was completed by 11 men and 11 women. The observed group were attending lessons based on HIIT method in fitness center Balance Club Brumlovka. For the input and output data (body height, body weight and parametres of body composition) were used a digital altimeter and bioelectrical impedance InBody 770. The resulting values were assessed using a paired t-test (statistical significance) and Cohen-d (substantive significance). Results: The result of the study is that during the specific three-month exercise program occured differences in anthropometric parameters (body weight) and parameters of body composition. The most significant differences in both men and women were the decrease of average weight (kg), the decrease of total body fat (%) and the increase of total body water (%) and fat free mass (kg). Key words: Anthropometry, body composition, bioelectric impedance,...

Title: The relationship between physical fitness and level of physical activity in older school age childres. Objectives: The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of physical activity on physical fitness and somatotype. To determine the level of physical fitness of older school-age children at Davle school using the diagnostic system Unifittest (6-60). Further determine physical activity using a pedometer and a questionnaire during a one week evaluation. To find out the relationship between movement mode and somatoype which was determined by the method Heath - Carter. Methods:. The main scientific theoretical - empirical method is the method of testing and observation. The research involved 57 children aged 12 to 14 years in the second grade of Davle school. Testing was performed during physical education classes. To determine physical fitness, the subjects underwent four parts of the Unifittest (6-60) and anthropometric tests to determine the somatotype according to the Heath-Carter method. Using a pedometer and then filling out a questionnaire, the testers wrote down their physical activity during one week and the physical activity performed at medium - high intensity. The object of the research employed basic descriptive statistics, correlation analyzes and the Shapiro-Wilk test to analyze...

Title: Weight reduction in full-time employees Objectives: The aim of the work is to find out, by means of a search of domestic, foreign literature and scientific works, and the subsequent elaboration of a survey sheet. Interventions leading to weight reduction in adults fully working overweight or obese, and subsequent individualization of the intervention lasting 4 weeks, leading to weight reduction. Methods: The theoretical part will be a search of Internet resources, which will be obtained from the server PubMed and Google Scholar, and combined with available literary resources. In the practical part of the diploma thesis, data collection will be carried out using a survey. The survey will be created specifically for this research based on information from the theoretical part. The aim of the survey will be to record the weekly program of full-time employees with a focus on the composition and timing of meals and physical activity. The obtained data are processed using the spreadsheet program Microsoft office Excel 2013. The record of weekly intake and distribution of food will be evaluated using the Internet portal Caloric Table, where the intake in kJ was mapped for each proband. From the survey sheet, the meal record will be transferred to the calorie tables, where the equivalent of kJ and...

Title: Influence of Young Barley and Chlorella Pyrenoidosa on Regeneration in Bodybuilding and Fitness Athletes Target: The aim of this work is to determine whether the use of Chlorella Pyrenoidosa (CHP) and Young Barley (MJ) products have an effect on muscle regeneration in strength athletes in the fields of bodybuilding and fitness, specifically addressing the level of the creatine kinase (CK) enzyme after strength training. Additionally, it is to find out whether the use of CHP and JM affects the quality of life of athletes. Methods: This diploma thesis is a qualitative correlation study. The theoretical part of the work was processed on the basis of information from books and electronic sources in Czech and English. For the practical part, 5 probands from the bodybuilding and fitness sports sector were purposefully selected. The group underwent blood sampling analyzed with a BECKMAN COULTRE DxC 700 analyzer for CK levels. Data on the impact of Green Food on quality of life were obtained using a record sheet entitled: "Daily Subjective Records". Statistical analysis of the Daily Subjective Record data was performed by paired t-test at the significance level of α ≤ 0.05 and subsequently graphed. Results: We found an overall linear reduction in serum CK levels in 3/5 of the probands.The 24 hour...

Title: Nutrition of elite cross-country skiers during summer preparation. Aims: The study aims to describe the nutrition of endurance athletes competing in cross-country skiing during summer training (season). Also, to discover what is the level of their energy balance and nutrient ratio. Lastly, to find out if supplements were used during the mentioned period. Methods: The research method was a structured survey consisted of open questions focusing on a type and quantity of consumed nutrition. Furthermore, the questions were centred around physical activity detailed of a concrete type, average heart rate, distance of taken mileage, intensity and calories burned. The questionnaire was sent electronically to five men who are among the representatives of the Czech Republic in cross-country skiing. Results: Three out of five elite cross-country skiers were in a negative energy balance of which the most significant difference between energetic expenditure and intake is 1338 kcal. The most notable differences were noticed in the consumption of carbohydrates opposite to the least difference in the protein intake. The percentual average of nutrients in the diet of all five elite cross-country skiers are 46,4 % carbohydrates, 34,4 % fats, 17,4 % protein of total energy intake. Four out of five respondents...

Problematika výživy u dětí v rámci školní docházky je stále aktuální a upoutává pozornost. Obezita u dětí se stále zvyšuje. Je mnoho publikací na problematiku obezity u dětí a s tím spojený vyšší počet úrazů a vyšší problematika pozornosti (ADHD, ADD a jiné poruchy). V České republice se stále více vyskytují děti s obezitou, nezdravým životním stylem, který doprovází i nedostatek pohybu. Tyto faktory vedou ke zhoršení fyziologických funkcí, zatěžování statického a pohybového aparátu člověka a v neposlední řadě ke špatnému psychickému stavu jedince. V diplomové práci se zaměřím na stravování při školní docházce a možné stravovací návyky, které mohou přispívat k dětské obezitě, častějším zdravotním problémům. Pomocí anketního šetření práce zjistím, jak se stravují žáci základních škol na Slánsku (Základní škola Slaný, Komenského náměstí 618 a Základní škola Smečno, okres Kladno) při pobytu ve škole. Klíčová slova škola, snídaně, výživové návyky, obezita u dětí, prevence, vyvážená strava ABSTRACT The issue of children's nutrition in school attendance is still up to date and attracts attention. Children's obesity is increasing. There are many publications about children's obesity and associated with that higher number of accidents and higher attention issues (ADHD, ADD and other disorders). There are...

Title: The relationship of BMI and body composition parametres in UK FTVS students Objectives: The main goal of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the relationship between BMI and some selected parameters of body composition assessed using a bioelectric impedance device (BIA - Tanita MC - 980). Methods: The diploma thesis has the character of an empirical research (observation method). The bioelectric impedance method (BIA - Tanita - MC - 980) was used to analyze the body composition. The relationships between BMI values and individual body composition parameters were evaluated using the Spearman's correlation coefficient. The statistical significance level was set at α = 0,05. In total, 170 students were studied (85 physiotherapy students, 85 physical education students). The group was further subdivided into several specific subgroup by gender, field of study and physical activity. Results: The results revealed a series of finding within the sample group including the following: an insignificant correlation (rs = 0,062) between BMI and body fat (%), a significant correlation (rs = 0,386) between BMI and fat mass (kg), a significant correlation (rs = 0,603) between BMI and visceral fat, a significant correlation (rs = 0,624) between BMI and fat-free mass (kg), a significant correlation (rs =...

Title: The effect of mineral-based alkaline water on the metabolic response to anaerobic exercise. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of drinking different types of water in response to anaerobic exercise. Methods: The bachelor thesis corresponds with an empirically based study of the observational and experimental character. The measured research sample consisted of students (n=11) from the military department attending a full-time form of study at the Fakulty of Physical Education and Sport of Charles University in Prague. The subjects had passed mandatory medical check-up and obtained informed consent, which was signed by all the participants in advance. Bioelectrical impedance analysic, lactate and urine consentration, Step-test, noise and light reaction tests where measured during the experiment. Results: The average power in Step-test, was in the first part of the measurement of both tests after regular water intake 715,8 W, compared to alkaline water intake, which was higher and reached 872 W. In the first part of the measurement for both tests, the average time of reaction to light signal was 0.001 m·s-1 lower after using regular water than after using alkaline water. Furthermore, in the second part of the measurement, the average time of reaction to light...

1 Abstract Title: Somatotype comparison of junior triathletes between years 1998 and 2018 Objectives: The goal is to determine the somatotype of junior triathletes in 2018 and to compare the results with junior triathletes from 1998. Methods: For measuring of the anthropometric parameters was used as a method for somatotype determination by Heath and Carter. The gained data were used in specific equations to calculate each compoment. The anthropometric measurements involved five male junior triathletes and six female junior triathletes of Czech selection from the Youth sports centers. Results: By gaining appropriate anthropometric data, the average somatotype of junior male triathletes was set (1,75 - 3,55 - 4,15) and female junior triathletes (2,29 - 2,98 - 3,88). The average of both groups falls to category ectomorphic mesomorph, while the somatotype of the junior triathletes from 1998 (1,96 - 4,35 - 3,14) belongs to category mesomorphic ectomorph. Keywords: somatotype, triathlon, body type, the Heath-Carter method

Background: A healthy diet is often ignored even though it is an important element for younger school-aged gymnasts. The correct nutritional content in a diet may help enhance performance, reduce fatigue, accelerate recovery, and reduce the occurrence of accidents and injuries. Objectives: This bachelor's thesis summarizes the available information regarding the optimal diet for young, school-aged female artistic gymnasts and provides dietary recommendations based on their needs. Methods: A literature review was conducted and the results summarize the presently available data about healthy diets for young athletes, focusing on younger school-aged gymnasts. Information was obtained from the Czech and foreign literature and nutrition specialists' lectures, complemented with the author's own experience as a gymnastics coach. Conclusion: Although numerous publications have dealt with the issue of what constitutes a healthy diet for children and adults who participate in sport, neither the practical source of recommendations nor information on an optimal diet has been found for artistic gymnasts. In order to create optimal diet plans to meet the needs of young school-age female gymnasts, the author had to acquire data from materials related to other sports, modifying it slightly according to the...

Name of thework: The alcohol influence on the rate of muscle contraction in the muscles of the thigh area Objective of the thesis: 1. The aim of the work was to determine the influence of an alcohol on contractile properties of muscles of m. Rectus femoris and m. Vastus lateralis in men and women. 2. Comparison of properties of postural and phasic muscles. Method: This is an empirical - theoretical work in which the research has the character of a quasi-experiment of a group of 22 probands of different genders with an experimental way of obtaining data. The experiment was applied on students that attend UK FTVS daily. The age of students ranged from 21 to 25 years. All students had to have a valid medical check-up and passed through a CAGE questionnaire that identifies alcohol addiction. The measurement was performed with the TMG 100, which serves to measure the contractile properties of the muscles. The muscles m.rectus femoris as representatives of postural musles and m.vastus literalis as representatives of phasic muscles, were chosen as examples. The research consisted of 4 rounds, where the first round was alcohol-free and the other three were with alcohol. Each round contained a dose of 0.3 grams of alcohol per kilogram of weight. For women this formula was modified. All results were...

Title: Body composition in children with different movement programm Objectives: The main objektive of this work is analysis of body composition while using BIA method children of younger school age and consired differences in physical components with regard to different movement programm. Methodes: Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis device Bodystat 1500. Data was processed in Microsoft Excel. Followed parameters are the percentage of body fat, the absolute amount of fat-free mass in kg, the proportion of total body water. The research participated in total 75 probands agend 10-11 years of average height 147,7 cm and weight 42,1 kg. The research includes regularly training 25 children from RC Mountfield Říčany (training 3 times a week + 2x physical education) with a medium to hight intensity exersice of 360 minutes per week, regularly training 25 children from Říčany Fight Club (2x weekly training + 2x physical education) with a medium to hight intensity exersice of 270 minutes per week and 25 children from the Nemo Říčany Elementary School where the physical education 90 minutes per week. The research group is made up of boys only, because girl with a higher percentage of total body fat have a higher BFM then boys. Results: The average proportion of body fat in boys...

Title: Comparison of somatotype profiles in ice hockey players of national team 1976 and national team U19 season 2017-2018. Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to compare the level of somatotype profile changes between national team of Czechoslovakia from 1976 and Czech republic national team U19 playing in season 2017-2018. Methods: For purpose of study the observation research method was used. Research samples were made of 41 ice hockey players, specifically players of Czechoslovak national team from 1976 (n=24) and players of Czech national team U19 in season 2017-2018 (n=17). The somatotype was determined using Heath and Carter method (1990). To determine the degree of differences between the given parameters, the effect size of Cohen d was used, d ≥ 0,5 a d ≥ 0,8 depending on the hypothesis formulated. Results: Results showed, that the endomorphy of U19 players was significantly greater compared to ČSSR 1976 players (Cohen d = 0,65). The biggest difference was revealed at supraspinale skinfold (Cohen d = 1,06). On the other hand, we found significantly lower mesomporhy in U19 players (Cohen d = 1,63). The cause of this lower mesomoprhy was mainly due to significantly lower bone robusticity of the humerus (Cohen d = 0,81) and femur (Cohen d = 1,19). Keywords: somatotype, ice hockey,...

Title: Influence of nutrition stereotyps on body composition - body weight, body fat, muscle mass and body water. Objectives: The aim of this work is to influence changes in body composition in women of various ages, body weight, occupation and movement regime. By adjusting eating habits reduce the amount of body fat while maintaining muscle mass. Methods Basic dietary recommendations for the ratio of macro-nutrients and time aspects of food intake according to the general body weight reduction recommendation. The bioimpedance method is used for assessment of body composition and selected circuits are evaluated at the same time. Based on this data, an individual diet plan was developed for each woman and the dietary effect was continuously evaluated. The study involved six women. Four overweight and obesity weighing 92 ± 17 kg and BMI 35 ± 4 kg/ . Two with a normal weight of 60 ± 2 kg and a BMI of 22.5 ± 0.5 kg/ Average age of women 40 ± 15 years. Results: After the individual diet was applied for three months, we found significant changes in women with higher body weight. They reduced body weight by 6 ± 1 kg and body fat by 5 ± 1 kg. In addition, these persons reduced the waist circumference by 5 ± 2 cm and the hips by 4 ± 2 cm. For the remaining two subjects with normal body weight, we did not...

Title: Occurrence of the risk factors of civilization diseases in clients of the physical aktivity program with components of functional training. Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the occurrence of risk factors of civilization diseases in a selected group of clients who have been involved in the physical aktivity program with components of functional training (Fitness Svět pod Palmovkou). Methods: The research was attended by 35 probands (women) attending group lessons with components of functional training at Fitness svět pod Palmovkou in Prague. To all probands were measured the basic anthropometric parameters (body height, body weight, BMI, WHR index). Parameters of body composition were determined by BIA (Bodystat QuadScan 4000). For the analysis of selected risk factors was used the blood pressure monitor (Tensoval duo control) and a capillary blood sample was collected invasively (BeneCheck PLUS analyzer) for cholesterol determination. To determine the occurrence of selected diseases in blood relatives, was used the questionnaire - Family anamnesis. We correlated the relationship with the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: For the whole observed group (n = 35), there was discovered a significant relationship between family anamnesis of obesity and body weight (r =...