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2. The IAHS Science for Solutions decade, with Hydrology Engaging Local People IN one Global world (HELPING)

Author

Arheimer, B., Cudennec, C., Castellarin, A., Grimaldi, S., Heal, K., Lupton, C., Sarkar, A., Tian, F., Kileshye Onema, J.-M., Archfield, S., Blöschl, G., Chaffe, P., Croke, B., Dembélé, M., Leong, C., Mijic, A., Mosquera, G., Nlend, B., Olusola, A., Polo, M., Sandells, M., Sheffield, J., van Hateren, T., Shafiei, M., Adla, S., Agarwal, A., Aguilar, C., Andersson, J., Andraos, C., Andreu, A., Avanzi, F., Bart, R., Bartosova, A., Batelaan, O., Bennett, J., Bertola, M., Bezak, N., Boekee, J., Bogaard, T., Booij, M., Brigode, P., Buytaert, W., Bziava, K., Castelli, G., Castro, C., Ceperley, N., Chidepudi, S., Chiew, F., Chun, K., Dagnew, A., Dekongmen, B.W., Del Jesus, M., Dezetter, A., Do Nascimento Batista, J., Doble, R., Dogulu, N., Eekhout, J., Elçi, A., Elenius, M., Finger, D., Fiori, A., Fischer, S., Förster, K., Ganora, D., Gargouri Ellouze, E., Ghoreishi, M., Harvey, N., Hrachowitz, M., Jampani, M., Jaramillo, F., Jongen, H., Kareem, K., Khan, U., Khatami, S., Kingston, D., Koren, G., Krause, S., Kreibich, H., Lerat, J., Liu, J., Liu, S., Madruga de Brito, M., Mahé, G., Makurira, H., Mazzoglio, P., Merheb, M., Mishra, A., Mohammad, H., Montanari, A., Mujere, N., Nabavi, E., Nkwasa, A., Orduna Alegria, M., Orieschnig, C., Ovcharuk, V., Palmate, S., Pande, S., Pandey, S., Papacharalampous, G., Pechlivanidis, I., Penny, G., Pimentel, R., Post, D., Prieto, C., Razavi, S., Salazar-Galán, S., Sankaran Namboothiri, A., Santos, P., Savenije, H., Shanono, N., Sharma, A., Sivapalan, M., Smagulov, Z., Szolgay, J., Teng, J., Teuling, A., Teutschbein, C., Tyralis, H., van Griensven, A., van Schalkwyk, A., van Tiel, M., Viglione, A., Volpi, E., Wagener, T., Wang, X., Wang-Erlandsson, L., Wens, M., Xia, J., Arheimer, B., Cudennec, C., Castellarin, A., Grimaldi, S., Heal, K., Lupton, C., Sarkar, A., Tian, F., Kileshye Onema, J.-M., Archfield, S., Blöschl, G., Chaffe, P., Croke, B., Dembélé, M., Leong, C., Mijic, A., Mosquera, G., Nlend, B., Olusola, A., Polo, M., Sandells, M., Sheffield, J., van Hateren, T., Shafiei, M., Adla, S., Agarwal, A., Aguilar, C., Andersson, J., Andraos, C., Andreu, A., Avanzi, F., Bart, R., Bartosova, A., Batelaan, O., Bennett, J., Bertola, M., Bezak, N., Boekee, J., Bogaard, T., Booij, M., Brigode, P., Buytaert, W., Bziava, K., Castelli, G., Castro, C., Ceperley, N., Chidepudi, S., Chiew, F., Chun, K., Dagnew, A., Dekongmen, B.W., Del Jesus, M., Dezetter, A., Do Nascimento Batista, J., Doble, R., Dogulu, N., Eekhout, J., Elçi, A., Elenius, M., Finger, D., Fiori, A., Fischer, S., Förster, K., Ganora, D., Gargouri Ellouze, E., Ghoreishi, M., Harvey, N., Hrachowitz, M., Jampani, M., Jaramillo, F., Jongen, H., Kareem, K., Khan, U., Khatami, S., Kingston, D., Koren, G., Krause, S., Kreibich, H., Lerat, J., Liu, J., Liu, S., Madruga de Brito, M., Mahé, G., Makurira, H., Mazzoglio, P., Merheb, M., Mishra, A., Mohammad, H., Montanari, A., Mujere, N., Nabavi, E., Nkwasa, A., Orduna Alegria, M., Orieschnig, C., Ovcharuk, V., Palmate, S., Pande, S., Pandey, S., Papacharalampous, G., Pechlivanidis, I., Penny, G., Pimentel, R., Post, D., Prieto, C., Razavi, S., Salazar-Galán, S., Sankaran Namboothiri, A., Santos, P., Savenije, H., Shanono, N., Sharma, A., Sivapalan, M., Smagulov, Z., Szolgay, J., Teng, J., Teuling, A., Teutschbein, C., Tyralis, H., van Griensven, A., van Schalkwyk, A., van Tiel, M., Viglione, A., Volpi, E., Wagener, T., Wang, X., Wang-Erlandsson, L., Wens, M., and Xia, J.

Abstract

The new scientific decade (2023-2032) of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) aims at searching for sustainable solutions to undesired water conditions – whether it be too little, too much or too polluted. Many of the current issues originate from global change, while solutions to problems must embrace local understanding and context. The decade will explore the current water crises by searching for actionable knowledge within three themes: global and local interactions, sustainable solutions and innovative cross-cutting methods. We capitalise on previous IAHS Scientific Decades shaping a trilogy; from Hydrological Predictions (PUB) to Change and Interdisciplinarity (Panta Rhei) to Solutions (HELPING). The vision is to solve fundamental water-related environmental and societal problems by engaging with other disciplines and local stakeholders. The decade endorses mutual learning and co-creation to progress towards UN sustainable development goals. Hence, HELPING is a vehicle for putting science in action, driven by scientists working on local hydrology in coordination with local, regional, and global processes.

Published
2024
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5. The Chemistry of Taxol and Related Taxoids

Author

Kingston, D. G. I., Jagtap, P. G., Yuan, H., Samala, L., Glasenapp-Breiling, M., Jagtap, P. G., Kingston, D. G. I., Montforts, F.-P., Samala, L., Yuan, H., Herz, W., editor, Falk, H., editor, and Kirby, G. W., editor

Published
2002
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7. Addendum

Author

Kingston, D. G. I., Molinero, A. A., Rimoldi, J. M., Kingston, D. G. I., Molinero, A. A., Rimoldi, J. M., Herz, W., editor, Kirby, G. W., editor, Moore, R. E., editor, Steglich, W., editor, and Tamm, Ch., editor

Published
1993
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8. The Taxane Diterpenoids

Author

Kingston, D. G. I., Molinero, A. A., Rimoldi, J. M., Kingston, D. G. I., Molinero, A. A., Rimoldi, J. M., Herz, W., editor, Kirby, G. W., editor, Moore, R. E., editor, Steglich, W., editor, and Tamm, Ch., editor

Published
1993
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11. Streamflow droughts aggravated by human activities despite management

Author

Van Loon, A. F. Rangecroft, S. Coxon, G. Werner, M. Wanders, N. Di Baldassarre, G. Tijdeman, E. Bosman, M. Gleeson, T. Nauditt, A. Aghakouchak, A. Breña-Naranjo, J. A. Cenobio-Cruz, O. Costa, A. C. Fendekova, M. Jewitt, G. Kingston, D. G. Loft, J. Mager, S. M. Mallakpour, I. Masih, I. Maureira-Cortés, H. Toth, E. Van Oel, P. Van Ogtrop, F. Verbist, K. Vidal, J. P. Wen, L. Yu, M. Yuan, X. Zhang, M. Van Lanen, H. A. J. and Van Loon, A. F. Rangecroft, S. Coxon, G. Werner, M. Wanders, N. Di Baldassarre, G. Tijdeman, E. Bosman, M. Gleeson, T. Nauditt, A. Aghakouchak, A. Breña-Naranjo, J. A. Cenobio-Cruz, O. Costa, A. C. Fendekova, M. Jewitt, G. Kingston, D. G. Loft, J. Mager, S. M. Mallakpour, I. Masih, I. Maureira-Cortés, H. Toth, E. Van Oel, P. Van Ogtrop, F. Verbist, K. Vidal, J. P. Wen, L. Yu, M. Yuan, X. Zhang, M. Van Lanen, H. A. J.

Abstract

Human activities both aggravate and alleviate streamflow drought. Here we show that aggravation is dominant in contrasting cases around the world analysed with a consistent methodology. Our 28 cases included different combinations of human-water interactions. We found that water abstraction aggravated all drought characteristics, with increases of 20%–305% in total time in drought found across the case studies, and increases in total deficit of up to almost 3000%. Water transfers reduced drought time and deficit by up to 97%. In cases with both abstraction and water transfers into the catchment or augmenting streamflow from groundwater, the water inputs could not compensate for the aggravation of droughts due to abstraction and only shift the effects in space or time. Reservoir releases for downstream water use alleviated droughts in the dry season, but also led to deficits in the wet season by changing flow seasonality. This led to minor changes in average drought duration (−26 to +38%) and moderate changes in average drought deficit (−86 to +369%). Land use showed a smaller impact on streamflow drought, also with both increases and decreases observed (−48 to +98%). Sewage return flows and pipe leakage possibly counteracted the effects of increased imperviousness in urban areas; however, untangling the effects of land use change on streamflow drought is challenging. This synthesis of diverse global cases highlights the complexity of the human influence on streamflow drought and the added value of empirical comparative studies. Results indicate both intended and unintended consequences of water management and infrastructure on downstream society and ecosystems.

Published
2022
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17. Migrant women's utilization of prenatal care: a systematic review

Author

Heaman, M., Bayrampour, H., Kingston, D., Blondel, B., Gissler, M., Roth, C., Alexander, S., and Gagnon, A.

Subjects
Social aspects, Methods, Health aspects, Medical care utilization -- Social aspects, Women immigrants -- Health aspects, Prenatal care -- Methods -- Social aspects, Medical care -- Utilization
Abstract

Background Prenatal care (PNC) can contribute to a decrease in maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality by screening for potential risks, treating medical conditions, and helping women address behavioral factors [...], Our objectives were to determine whether migrant women in Western industrialized countries have higher odds of inadequate prenatal care (PNC) compared to receiving-country women and to summarize factors that are associated with inadequate PNC among migrant women in these countries. We conducted searches of electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO), reference lists, known experts, and an existing database of the Reproductive Outcomes And Migration international research collaboration for articles published between January, 1995 and April, 2010. Title and abstract review and quality appraisal were conducted independently by 2 reviewers using established criteria, with consensus achieved through discussion. In this systematic review of 29 studies, the majority of studies demonstrated that migrant women were more likely to receive inadequate PNC than receiving-country women, with most reporting moderate to large effect sizes. Rates of inadequate PNC among migrant women varied widely by country of birth. Only three studies explored predictors of inadequate PNC among migrant women. These studies found that inadequate PNC among migrant women was associated with being less than 20 years of age, multiparous, single, having poor or fair language proficiency, education less than 5 years, an unplanned pregnancy, and not having health insurance. We concluded that migrant women as a whole were more likely to have inadequate PNC and the magnitude of this risk differed by country of origin. Few studies addressed predictors of PNC utilization in migrant women and this limits our ability to provide effective PNC in this population. Keywords Emigrants * Immigrants * Prenatal care * Pregnancy * Systematic review

Published
2013
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27. Fostering Effective Early Learning: A review of the current international evidence considering quality in early childhood education and care programmes - in delivery, pedagogy and child outcomes

Author

Siraj, I, Kingston, D, Neilsen-Hewett, C, Howard, S, Melhuish, E, and De Rosnay, M

Abstract

There is a large body of international academic research literature which examines the relationship between (i) early childhood education and care (ECEC) and (ii) children's developmental and learning outcomes. Decades of sustained international research by many different research groups demonstrate that children who attend ECEC are likely to experience better behavioural and learning outcomes than those who do not attend. The research findings are, of course, not always consistent, and are more robust over shorter measurement periods. Nevertheless, major national surveys (e.g. OECD, 2011) and ambitious longitudinal research projects (e.g. the EPPSE study, Sylva et al., 2014) document that the benefits of ECEC attendance last into adolescence. There is now a consensus that, relative to no ECEC, attendance at ECEC is likely to confer a benefit on children (Melhuish et al., 2015)

Published
2019

31. Body Orientation and Points of Contact during Laboratory-Based Machinery Egress : Investigating Adherence to Safety Guidelines

Author

Kingston, D. C., Bashiri, B., Omoniyi, A., Trask, Catherine M., Kingston, D. C., Bashiri, B., Omoniyi, A., and Trask, Catherine M.

Abstract

Mobile farm machinery operators are at a high risk of injury when entering (ingress) and exiting (egress) the cabs of such machinery due to slips and falls. Safety organizations and equipment manufacturers have delivered a consistent message: operators are to egress machines facing in, toward the access path, and maintain three points of contact at all times. This study used a laboratory-based model of a mid-sized agricultural tractor to determine adherence to best practices for safety and the effect of acute whole-body vibration exposure on compliance. The majority of 19 experienced operators (16 male, 3 female) performed machinery egress facing out from the cab because descending while facing in toward the machine took 2.5 s longer. Maintaining at least three points of contact during egress was observed for only approximately 30% of egress duration, but was as high as approximately 41% for participants who self-selected the facing-in orientation. Exposure to 1 h of whole-body vibration did not change points of contact behavior nor trial duration when performing egress while facing out. Overall, the model cab used in this study had safety features similar to a real-world machine, indicating that there may be opportunities in access path or cab door design to promote increased points of contact use. Future work is needed to accurately assess three-dimensional movement patterns and external forces for disease and injury risk models., QC 20201006

Published
2020
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37. Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease

Author

Sabatine, Marc S., Giugliano, Robert P., Keech, Anthony C., Honarpour, Narimon, Wiviott, Stephen D., Murphy, Sabina A., Kuder, Julia F., Wang, Huei, Liu, Thomas, Wasserman, Scott M., Sever, Peter S., Pedersen, Fish MP, Terje R., Abrahamsen, Te, Im, K, Kanevsky, E, Bonaca, Mp, Lira Pineda, A, Hanlon, K, Knusel, B, Somaratne, R, Kurtz, C, Scott, R, Accini Mendoza JL, Amerena, J, Badariene, J, Burgess, L, Ceska, R, Charng, Mj, Choi, D, Cobos, Jl, Dan, Ga, De Ferrari GM, Deedwania, Pc, Chopra, Vk, Erglis, A, Ezhov, Mv, Ferreira, J, Filipová, S, Gaciong, Za, Pasierski, T, Georgiev, Bg, Gonzalez-Galvez, G, Gouni-Berthold, I, Schäufele, T, Hirayama, A, Huber, K, Rammer, M, Kjaerulf Jensen, H, Wermuth, S, Jiang, L, Jukema, Jw, Kraydashenko, O, Leiter, La, Lewis, Bs, López-Miranda, J, Lorenzatti, Aj, Mach, F, Mcadam, B, Nilsson, L, Olsson, Å, Rallidis, L, Rogelio, Gg, Kerr Saraiva JF, Scheen, A, Schiele, F, Scott, Rs, Connolly, D, Siu, Cw, Tay, L, Thorgeirsson, G, Tikkanen, Mj, Tokgozoglu, Sl, Toth, K, Viigimaa, M, Wan Ahmad WA, Hennekens, Ch, Andreotti, F, Baigent, C, Brown, Wv, Davis, Br, Newcomer, Jw, Wood, Sk, Larosa, J, Ansell, B, Olsson, A, Lowe, C, Zahn, L, Awtry, E, Berger, C, Croce, K, Desai, A, Gelfand, E, Ho, C, Leeman, D, Link, M, Norden, A, Pande, A, Rost, N, Ruberg, F, Silverman, S, Singhal, A, Vita, J, Mackinnon, I, Vogel, Dr, Leon de la Fuente, R, Perna, E, Amuchastegui, M, Pacora, F, Hershson, A, Blumberg, E, Glenny, Ja, Colombo, H, Cuadrado, Ja, Nicolosi, L, Rojas, Cg, Ulla, Mr, Hasbani, Eg, Cuneo, C, Lopez Santi RG, Sanabria, Hd, Hrabar, A, Lozada, A, Begg, A, Lehman, S, Wittert, G, Juergens, C, Kostner, K, Beltrame, J, Simpson, R, Sinhal, A, Adams, M, Kritharides, L, Roberts Thomson, P, Cross, D, Thompson, P, Van Gaal, W, Cox, N, Farshid, A, Hammett, C, Garrahy, P, Prasan, A, Horrigan, M, Ebenbichler, C, Hanusch, U, Prager, R, Schernthaner, G, Luger, A, Siostrzonek, P, Toplak, H, Bergler-Klein, J, Paulweber, B, Sinzinger, H, Buysschaert, I, Thoeng, J, Vandekerckhove, H, Catez, E, Verheye, S, Descamps, O, Hoffer, E, Wollaert, B, Chenu, P, van de Borne, P, De Meulemeester, M, Friart, A, Charlier, F, De Raedt, H, Rietzschel, E, Roelandt, R, Lalmand, J, Tavares Russo LA, Reis, G, Duarte Barbosa EC, Vidotti, Mh, Fernandes Manenti ER, Dutra, O, Leaes, Pe, Rech, Rl, Bertolim Precoma, D, Nicolau, Jc, Amoedo, R, Eliaschewitz, Fg, Pereira, A, Kurtz Lisboa HR, Soares Piegas, L, Cunha Borges JL, Ferreira Rossi PR, Pimentel Filho, P, Bodanese, Lc, de Sa Cunha, R, Moura Jorge JC, Ardito, Wr, Barroso de Souza WK, Hissa, M, Izar, Mc, Manolova, A, Kitova, L, Kinova, E, Tzekova, M, Velchev, V, Tarnovska-Kadreva, R, Gotchev, D, Petrov, I, Raev, D, Trendafilova-Lazarova, D, Yotov, Y, Lazov, P, Rahimi, S, St Amour, E, Constance, C, Pesant, Y, Hess, A, Anderson, T, Sussex, B, Henein, S, Tsoukas, G, Pandey, As, Bergeron, J, Hart, R, Gosselin, G, Chehayeb, R, Hamet, P, Hartleib, M, Mukherjee, A, Halperin, F, Petrella, R, Bhargava, R, Lonn, E, Sabbah, E, Bata, I, Cha, J, Gaudet, D, Chapman, K, Murthy, D, Nigro, F, Rupka, D, Gossard, D, Gupta, M, Dowell, A, Mansour, S, Baass, A, Geadah, C, Huynh, T, Peterson, S, Poirier, P, Sabe-Affaki, G, Vertes, G, Crowley, D, Duchesne, L, Pincetti Jofre CP, Potthoff Cardenas, S, Conejeros Kindel, C, Saavedra Gajardo VA, Lanas Zanetti, F, Sepulveda Varela PA, Stockins Fernandez BA, Li, W, Li, D, Zhao, S, Li, Z, Wang, J, Yang, Y, Zhang, L, Yang, P, Zhang, X, Huang, H, Xue, L, Zheng, Z, Huang, W, Dai, H, Su, H, Zeng, X, Zheng, Y, Tang, Y, Yao, Z, Sun, Y, Du, Y, Ge, Z, Yan, J, Chen, X, Liu, F, Pei, H, Yang, X, Cui, H, Gu, Y, Yang, Z, Li, J, Lian, Y, Cui, Y, Wang, D, Jiang, J, Li, X, Chen, J, Mo, Z, Xu, P, He, Y, Zhou, C, Qu, P, Zhu, Y, Liu, Y, Shen, X, Gao, X, Terront Lozano MA, Moncada Corredor MA, Hernandez Triana, E, Botero Lopez, R, Coronel Arroyo JA, Quintero Baiz AE, Sanchez Vallejo, G, Arana Londoño, C, Molina de Salazar DI, Castellanos Bueno, R, Manzur Jattin, F, Cure Cure CA, Sotomayor Herazo, A, Spinar, J, Hala, T, Machkova, M, Klimsa, Z, Polasek, R, Jerabek, O, Kazdera, P, Pozdisek, Z, Vaclavik, J, Frana, P, Elbl, L, Kucera, D, Kryza, R, Malecha, J, Reichert, P, Sochor, K, Ludka, O, Kellnerova, I, Peterka, K, Zidkova, E, Cech, V, Brabec, T, Fiserova, N, Kvasnicka, J, Rosolova, H, Nemecek, E, Adamkova, V, Dunaj, M, Pojsl, S, Cepelak, M, Podpera, I, Kuchar, L, Rysava, D, Burianova, H, Spinarova, L, Skrobakova, J, Charvat, J, Homza, M, Zemanek, J, Koleckar, P, Karen, I, Krupicka, J, Blaha, V, Matuska, J, Brotanek, J, Cifkova, R, Kuchar, R, Vomacka, Z, Kosek, Z, Hulinsky, V, Krejcova, H, Kuchar, J, Jelinek, Z, Jelinek, P, Markdanner Lindgren, L, Saetre Lihn, A, Korsgaard Thomsen, K, Bronnum-Schou, J, Nielsen, H, Nielsen, T, Egstrup, K, Klausen, Ic, Mickley, H, Hove, J, Jeppesen, J, Melchior, T, Schmidt, Eb, Valter, I, Rosenthal, A, Kaik, J, Kork, A, Alt, I, Strand, J, Nieminen, S, Kahri, J, Suomi, J, Nyman, K, Strandberg, Te, Piippo, T, Savolainen, M, Vikman, S, Pucheu, Y, Cariou, B, Henry, P, Ferrari, E, Montalescot, G, Ferrieres, J, Roubille, F, Bonnet, B, Angoulvant, D, Range, G, Bammert, A, Delarche, N, Mariat, C, Cayla, G, Durlach, V, Coisne, D, Paillard, F, Rouzier, R, Goralski, M, Khanoyan, P, Cottin, Y, Ziegler, O, Khalife, K, Le Corvoisier, P, Motreff, P, Spaulding, C, Vanbelle, E, Bourhaial, H, Opitz, C, Kahrmann, G, Contzen, C, Appel, K, Schenkenberger, I, Rinke, A, Trenk, D, Maus, O, Karakas, M, Hanefeld, M, Darius, H, Hetzel, G, Münzel, T, Wöhrle, J, Stawowy, P, Marten, I, Isermann, B, Kast, P, Vorpahl, M, Bosiljanoff, P, Hengstenberg, C, Kassner, U, Salbach, P, Fischer, M, Steiner, S, Wagner, S, Kraatz, U, von Hodenberg, E, Weyland, K, Mantas, I, Tziakas, D, Bousboulas, S, Patsilinakos, S, Mertzanos, G, Panagoulis, C, Bilianou, H, Skoumas, I, Elisaf, M, Manolis, A, Moschos, N, Kochiadakis, G, Ntaios, G, Richter, D, Athyros, V, Kolovou, G, Danias, P, Melidonis, A, Fan, Kyy, Siu, Sc, Hornyik, A, Lakatos, F, Zilahi, Z, Nagy, K, Laszlo, Z, 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Uehara, H, Kajiyama, S, Okamoto, H, Shinozaki, T, Fujino, Y, Funazaki, T, Higa, N, Kaigawa, K, Koike, A, Nakane, H, Sato, K, Satoh, Y, Shirasawa, K, Sugino, H, Tanabe, J, Uemura, O, Yoshimichi, G, Akai, A, Himeno, H, Inage, T, Inoko, M, Kadokami, T, Noguchi, Y, Yamashita, K, Yasumura, Y, Yuge, M, Hosokawa, S, Kawamitsu, K, Kozuma, K, Matsuo, H, Nakashima, E, Okada, M, Wada, A, Yokoya, K, Iwade, K, Kawabata, K, Tanno, H, Ako, J, Fujita, H, Izumiya, Y, Kanno, M, Nunohiro, T, Ohmura, H, Ueno, T, Kakurina, N, Jasinkevica, I, Stukena, I, Veze, I, Eglite, R, Teterovska, D, Sime, I, Strazdiene, V, Venceviciene, L, Gustiene, O, Radzeviciene-Jurgute, R, Kucinskiene, A, Maskon, O, Lee, Cy, Erng, T, Gan, Hw, Mohamed Yusof AK, Ramanathan, Gl, Liew, H, Lopez Alvarado, A, Nevarez Ruiz LA, De los Rios Ibarra MO, Bazzoni Ruiz AE, Ramos Lopez GA, Llamas Esperon GA, De la Peña Topete GDJ, Violante Ortiz RM, Illescas Diaz JJ, Leon Gonzalez, S, Sanchez Diaz CJ, Mendez Machado GF, Venegas Carrillo LA, 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Yamashita, K, Yasumura, Y, Yuge, M, Hosokawa, S, Kawamitsu, K, Kozuma, K, Matsuo, H, Nakashima, E, Okada, M, Wada, A, Yokoya, K, Iwade, K, Kawabata, K, Tanno, H, Ako, J, Fujita, H, Izumiya, Y, Kanno, M, Nunohiro, T, Ohmura, H, Ueno, T, Kakurina, N, Jasinkevica, I, Stukena, I, Veze, I, Eglite, R, Teterovska, D, Sime, I, Strazdiene, V, Venceviciene, L, Gustiene, O, Radzeviciene-Jurgute, R, Kucinskiene, A, Maskon, O, Lee, C, Erng, T, Gan, H, Mohamed Yusof, A, Ramanathan, G, Liew, H, Lopez Alvarado, A, Nevarez Ruiz, L, De los Rios Ibarra, M, Bazzoni Ruiz, A, Ramos Lopez, G, Llamas Esperon, G, De la Pena Topete, G, Violante Ortiz, R, Illescas Diaz, J, Leon Gonzalez, S, Sanchez Diaz, C, Mendez Machado, G, Venegas Carrillo, L, Aldrete Velasco, J, Cardona Munoz, E, Leiva Pons, J, Perez Alva, J, van der Zwaan, C, Oomen, A, van de Wal, R, Magro, M, Boswijk, D, Janus, C, Groutars, R, Tonino, W, Cornel, J, Oude Ophuis, A, Troquay, R, Liem, A, Westendorp, I, Van Hessen, M, Lok, D, De Nooijer, C, Den Hartog, F, Van Beek, E, Bendermacher, P, Jansen, R, Romer, T, Rensing, B, Hersbach, F, Herrman, J, Ladyjanskaia, G, Karalis, I, Linssen, G, Bokern, M, Visman, A, Kooij, A, Monajemi, H, Lieverse, A, Baker, J, Tie, S, Risberg, K, Hysing, J, Hoivik, H, Norheim, P, Solnor, L, Hovland, A, Kjaernli, T, Jocson, G, Coching, R, Batalla, E, Go, A, Habaluyas, R, Barcinas, R, Sy, R, Estepar, R, Germar, A, Trebacz, J, Szymkowiak, K, Wnetrzak-Michalska, R, Kopaczewski, J, Przekwas-Jaruchowska, M, Kania, G, Zabowka, M, Mirek-Bryniarska, E, Dabrowska, M, Napora, P, Konieczny, M, Spyra, J, Lysek, R, Pijanowski, Z, Grzegorzewski, B, Bednarkiewicz, Z, Kinasz, L, Antkowiak-Piatyszek, K, Stania, K, Szpajer, M, Staneta, P, Skonieczny, G, Ksiezycka-Majczynska, E, Blicharski, T, Piepiorka, M, Wozakowska-Kaplon, B, Zechowicz, T, Ilkowski, J, Lubiszewska, B, Hiczkiewicz, J, Wierzbicka, K, Kosior, D, Garbocz, P, Kubica, J, Raczak, G, Wozniak, I, Cygler, J, Kramarczuk, E, Bystryk, L, Pentela-Nowicka, J, Dabrowski, M, Podolec, P, Zieba, B, Mosiewicz, J, Dubaniewicz, W, Banach, M, Tyszecka, G, Lepich, T, Rychlewska-Hanczewska, A, Guzik, T, Monteiro, P, Pereira, H, Oliveira, L, Matos, P, Soares Goncalves, S, Leitao, A, Vasco Salgado, A, Timoteo, A, Pintilei, E, Badila, E, Militaru, C, Tudoran, M, Arsenescu-Georgescu, C, Mitu, F, Zdrenghea, D, Lighezan, D, Teodorescu, I, Popescu, M, Coman, I, Vintila, M, Vishnevsky, A, Lukyanov, Y, Blokhin, A, Kostenko, V, Shvarts, Y, Markov, V, Motylev, I, Dronov, D, Sherenkov, A, Barbarash, O, Shutemova, E, Bolshakova, O, Kobalava, Z, Voevoda, M, Treshkur, T, Zrazhevskiy, K, Pimenov, L, Solovev, O, Tarasov, N, Arkhipov, M, Freidlin, M, Shalaev, S, Yakhontova, P, Shustov, S, Goloshchekin, B, Panov, A, Bart, B, Bubnova, M, Gordeev, I, Osipova, I, Tereshenko, S, Solovieva, E, Meshkov, A, Zateyshchikov, D, Tan, J, Subramaniam, T, Pella, D, Fulop, P, Antalik, L, Dzupina, A, Banikova, A, Sosovec, D, Urgeova, L, Mazur, J, Hranai, M, Banik, M, Vinanska, D, Lennerova, J, Kovar, F, Pastrnakova, E, Uhliar, R, Blasko, P, Gonsorcik, J, Lukacova, J, Oriesek, R, Hatalova, K, du Toit, M, Ebrahim, I, Vawda, G, Lipschitz, S, Blignaut, S, Engelbrecht, J, Coetzer, T, Pretorius, M, Urbach, D, Badat, A, Pillay, S, Van Zyl, L, Abelson, M, van der Walt, E, Moodley, R, Jacovides, A, Oosthuysen, W, Klug, E, Lottering, H, Kok, J, Saaiman, J, Dawood, S, De Jong, D, Kapp, C, Makotoko, E, Bayat, J, Sarvan, M, Vally, T, Stapelberg, A, Kim, M, Bae, J, Cho, Y, Kim, S, Han, K, Her, S, Kim, B, Lee, S, Hong, B, Kim, W, Rha, S, Jeong, M, Shin, G, Vida Gutierrez, M, Valdes Chavarri, M, Pinto Sala, X, Gonzalez Juanatey, J, Civeira Murillo, F, Zamorano Gomez, J, Lekuona Goya, I, Iniguez Romo, A, Cordero Fort, A, Ascaso Gimilio, J, Millan Nunez-Cortes, J, Lindholm, C, Soderberg, S, Suutari, A, Berglund, S, Mooe, T, Kusiak, D, Bandh, S, Dahlen, G, Olsson, S, Witt, N, Tyden, P, Johansson, P, Cizinsky, S, Falck, G, Pettersson, S, Rasmanis, G, Ostergren, J, Moccetti, T, Beer, H, Eberli, F, Krahenbuhl, S, Linka, A, Ackermann, D, Michel, P, Yeh, H, Tsai, C, Wu, C, Hsia, C, Juang, J, Hsieh, I, Lai, W, Huang, C, Hsieh, Y, Sahin, T, Duzenli, M, Yigit, Z, Demir, M, Yilmaz, M, Muderrisoglu, I, Kirma, C, Ercan, E, Kayikcioglu, L, Balbay, Y, Lymar, I, Kulynych, O, Prokhorov, O, Karpenko, O, Kraіz, I, Vakaliuk, I, Stanislavchuk, M, Korzh, O, Rudyk, I, Zhurba, S, Svishchenko, Y, Tseluyko, V, Gyrina, O, Reshotko, D, Kopytsya, M, Volkov, V, Myshanych, G, Rebrov, B, Rishko, M, Rudenko, L, Shatylo, V, Parkhomenko, O, Yena, L, Golovchenko, O, Sorokina, I, Malynovsky, Y, Ivan, P, Blagden, M, Dear, H, Mathew, A, Lagocki, S, Kondagunta, V, Ahsan, A, Mckinnon, C, Douglas, F, Thom, S, Fiore, G, Caulfield, M, Lynch, M, Thomas, H, Bain, S, Hall, A, Mcnally, D, Fisher, M, Keeling, P, Al-Bahrani, A, Lip, G, Ellery, A, Purohit, J, Travill, C, Cappuccio, F, Davis, G, Gaunt, R, Adlam, D, Asamoah, N, Jaafar, F, Mccormack, T, Jupp, B, Pye, M, Ainsworth, P, Chauhan, A, Paul, N, Fairlie, H, Fox, C, Muzulu, S, Trevelyan, J, Aggarwal, R, Issa, B, Saravanan, P, Cruickshank, K, Gorog, D, Heller, S, Newby, D, Nicolson, A, Hare, P, Donnelly, P, Rutherfurd, S, de Belder, M, Finlayson, J, Harvey, J, Hoye, A, Kingston, D, Sarkar, D, Negahban, A, Webster, J, Wyatt, N, Muir, S, Cummings, M, Mackenzie, I, Senior, R, Capps, N, Fotherby, K, Mcintyre, H, Aldegather, J, Dixon, L, Saksena, R, Butler, R, Ramstad, D, Pierpont, B, Levinson, D, Mohammed, A, Haddad, T, Goel, A, Dave, K, Haught, W, Desire, A, Hershon, K, Napoli, M, Tami, L, Rothschild, R, Khurana, S, Gupta, D, Cheung, D, Hearne, S, Grubb, S, Miller, A, Baird, I, Marcus, A, Srivastava, S, Forgosh, L, Fritz, R, Mays, M, Bertolet, B, Reddy, J, Khan, M, Nakhle, S, Dill, S, Fishbein, G, Khan, B, Marais, H, Reschak, M, Malone, M, Nadar, V, Whitney, R, Reichman, A, Reyes, H, El Shahawy, M, Rabinowitz, A, Weinstein, D, Farhat, N, Onyema, D, Potu, R, Runquist, L, Barnum, O, Crater, T, Fialkow, J, Shah, A, Thompson, C, Wiseman, A, Doyle, T, Henderson, D, Herzog, W, Schnitzler, R, Carr, K, Davis, M, Nagajothi, N, Olsen, S, Rogers, W, Rubino, J, Singh, I, Tarleton, G, Bhagwat, R, Clardy, D, Jardula, M, Robinson, J, Torres, M, Vijay, N, Farris, N, Lillo, J, Moriarty, P, Recknor, C, Berlacher, P, Christensen, T, Gabra, N, Issa, M, Janik, M, Lawless, A, Molter, D, Stout, E, Brezina, B, Claxton, E, Linsky, R, Poock, J, Remler, R, Roseman, H, Schramm, E, Al-Joundi, T, Amin, J, Hitchcock, J, Isserman, S, Kirstein, J, Rider, J, Shalek, M, Sherman, H, Bernstein, M, Chandra, L, Hatharasinghe, R, Ibrahim, H, Iteld, B, Linzmeyer, K, Seaton, B, Zeig, S, Christofides, E, Dunbar, R, Griffin, S, Kohli, N, Koren, M, Pharr, W, Purdy, D, Spencer, R, Yeoman, G, Banerjee, S, Cheek, H, Engel, E, Hamroff, G, Huling, R, Kozlowski, L, Levin, P, Makam, S, Meengs, M, Bhushan, R, Erickson, B, Herman, L, Lo, E, Mcdowell, E, Mcgrew, F, Miller, M, Ord, J, Webel, R, Wilhoit, G, Wise, J, Yang, E, Budoff, M, Collins, J, Dauber, I, Dobkin, L, Focil, A, Gandy, W, Pasquini, J, Ramos, M, Rodriguez, D, Rosenson, R, Sanford, K, Schlau, A, Snyder, B, Stonesifer, L, Tang, A, De Souza, J, Elam, M, French, J, Guyton, J, Hage Korban, E, Kereiakes, D, King, M, Loh, I, Navarro, J, Simons, R, Tobin, T, Younis, L, Aboufakher, R, Baldari, D, Ballantyne, C, Broughton, R, Eaton, C, Johnston, J, Simon, W, Thomson, S, Vora, K, Youngman, D, Alzohaili, O, Auerbach, E, Brown, C, Burrough, B, Chen, Y, Gilpatrick, M, Landzberg, J, Mitchell, C, Rice, L, Rubenfire, M, Sofley, C, Strobl, D, Atassi, K, Davila, W, Diogo, J, Fagan, T, Joffe, I, Krishna, J, Osea, E, Penny, W, Rowe, W, Shapiro, M, Welker, J, Benton, R, Dobratz, D, Fortuin, F, Graham, J, Henry, B, Kusnick, B, Lutskiy, M, Mcrae, A, Saway, W, Scott, J, Shah, M, Weinberg, B, Zarich, S, Acheatel, R, Case, C, Earl, J, Fernandez, S, Giugliano, G, Handelsman, Y, Hermany, P, Holder, S, Kashyap, M, Khan, A, Lader, E, Peniston, J, Raoof, T, Sacco, J, Shore, K, Spriggs, D, Stringam, S, Tahirkheli, N, Delgado, E, Derian, W, Greenwald, J, Harris, M, Jackson, R, Marhefka, G, Mcelveen, W, Mooss, A, Morris, P, Murray, J, Pearlstein, P, Raisinghani, A, Rezkalla, S, Sakhrani, L, Schreibman, D, Shaoulian, E, Steinsapir, J, Yataco, A, De La Cruz, A, Fredrick, M, Goldenberg, E, Lee, D, Mccullum, K, Mclellan, B, Stephens, L, Wilson, S, Alfieri, A, Mandviwala, M, Orourke, D, Samal, A, Schmedtje, J, Waxman, F, Carhart, R, Clements, B, Dyke, C, Ghali, J, Gruberg, L, Hack, T, Jehle, A, Pogue, B, Schooley, C, and Shifrin, G

Subjects
Male, STATIN THERAPY, 2700 General Medicine, Disease, Cardiovascular, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, Gastroenterology, 0302 clinical medicine, Anticholesteremic Agent, Medicine, Myocardial infarction, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, ddc:616, Incidence, Antibodies, Monoclonal, General Medicine, Cholesterol, Cardiovascular Diseases, Monoclonal, Drug Therapy, Combination, Proprotein Convertase 9, Antibody, Aged, Anticholesteremic Agents, Atherosclerosis, Cholesterol, LDL, Double-Blind Method, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Hypercholesterolemia, Least-Squares Analysis, Middle Aged, Medicine (all), REDUCING LIPIDS, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Evinacumab, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, PCSK9 INHIBITION, Follow-Up Studie, LDL, 03 medical and health sciences, Drug Therapy, Clinical Research, LDL-C, Least-Squares Analysi, Science & Technology, Unstable angina, PCSK9, medicine.disease, chemistry, Clinical Biochemistry, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Bococizumab, FOURIER Steering Committee and Investigators, Medical and Health Sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Antibodies monoclonal, Cardiovascular Disease, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Humanized, RISK, biology, PCSK9 Inhibitors, 10051 Rheumatology Clinic and Institute of Physical Medicine, Heart Disease, Atherosclerosi, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Combination, Cardiology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized, EZETIMIBE, 610 Medicine & health, Antibodies, Medicine, General & Internal, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, In patient, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Alirocumab, Ldl cholesterol, business.industry, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Evolocumab, Good Health and Well Being, Settore MED/11 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO CARDIOVASCOLARE, biology.protein, MODERATE, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitor, business
Abstract

Background Evolocumab is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and lowers low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels by approximately 60%. Whether it prevents cardiovascular events is uncertain. Methods We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 27,564 patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and LDL cholesterol levels of 70 mg per deciliter (1.8 mmol per liter) or higher who were receiving statin therapy. Patients were randomly assigned to receive evolocumab (either 140 mg every 2 weeks or 420 mg monthly) or matching placebo as subcutaneous injections. The primary efficacy end point was the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization. The key secondary efficacy end point was the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. The median duration of follow-up was 2.2 years. Results At 48 weeks, the least-squares mean percentage reduction in LDL cholesterol levels with evolocumab, as compared with placebo, was 59%, from a median baseline value of 92 mg per deciliter (2.4 mmol per liter) to 30 mg per deciliter (0.78 mmol per liter) (P

Published
2017

38. Antiplasmodial alkaloids from bulbs of Amaryllis belladonna Steud

Author

Cho N, Du Y, Valenciano A, Fernandez-Murga M, Goetz M, Clement J, Cassera M, and Kingston D

Subjects
Amaryllis belladonna, Bioassay-guided, Crinane, Lycorine, Antiplasmodial
Abstract

A bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical investigation of Amaryllis belladonna Steud. bulbs resulted in the isolation and identification of the new crinane alkaloid 1,4-dihydroxy-3-methoxy powellan (1), along with the 3 known crinane alkaloids 2-4 and the two lycorane alkaloids 5-6. The structures were elucidated by interpretation of combined HR-ESIMS, CD and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Among these isolated compounds the lycorane-type alkaloid acetylcaranine (5) exhibited strong antiplasmodial activity, while compounds 3 and 4 were moderately active, and compounds 1 and 6 were inactive. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2018

39. Antiplasmodial Chromanes and Chromenes from the Monotypic Plant Species Koeberlinia spinosa

Author

Presley C, Valenciano A, Fernandez-Murga M, Du Y, Shanaiah N, Cassera M, Goetz M, Clement J, and Kingston D

Abstract

Nine new compounds containing either a chromane or chromene ring moiety were isolated from the monotypic plant Koeberlinia spinosa. Compounds 1-4 are chromanes with all possible E and Z isomers of the isoprenoid side chain, with compound 5 a methylated derivative of 1. Compounds 6 and 7 were assigned as diastereomeric cyclized derivatives of 2 and were probably artifacts formed during the extraction or the isolation processes. Compounds 8 and 9 were characterized as new chromenes. Structure elucidation of 1-9 was conducted via 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data interpretation, and absolute configurations were determined by ECD spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 2, 5, 6, and 7 had weak antiplasmodial activity, while none of the compounds exhibited antiproliferative activity. The isolation, structure elucidation, and biological evaluation of these compounds are presented.

Published
2018

40. Current hypotheses on synergistic microbial gangrene

Author

Kingston, D. and Seal, D.V.

Subjects
Anaerobic infections -- Physiological aspects, Bacterial infections -- Physiological aspects, Gangrene -- Physiological aspects, Health
Abstract

The dermis is made up of a loose network of fibers containing blood vessels, lymphatics, and fat located between the basement epidermal layer and the tight connective fascia of the muscle. It appears that many dermal infections may be caused by synergy between two or more organisms, that is, the mixture of the two organisms has an effect that is stronger than that of either organism alone. Because biopsy specimens often contain many organisms, it is generally accepted practice to report only the organism that is considered the single pathogen. A review was undertaken of spreading infections of the dermis with particular attention to synergistic infections. Infections such as necrotizing fasciitis progress rapidly and are measured in terms of hours, whereas anaerobic cellulitis is only moderately rapid and progresses over a period of days; Meleney's synergistic postoperative gangrene may be slow, and its progress measured in weeks. Necrotizing fasciitis begins as patchy red skin, fever, deep blisters and ulceration, followed by toxemia, confusion and disorientation of the patient. In animal models, beta-hemolytic streptococci, which can cause necrotizing fasciitis, have been shown to be strengthened by the presence of Staphylococcus aureus. Cellulitis begins with redness of the skin, pain and swelling, possibly superficial blisters. Anaerobic cellulitis, which may spread over hours or days, may be caused by mixed aerobes and anaerobes, which may be synergistic. Meleney's synergistic postoperative gangrene is severe but progresses very slowly and almost always begins at an abdominal or chest surgical wound site. This gangrene may be a skin manifestation of amoebiasis, an amoebic infection. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

42. Trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the first 12 months postpartum and child externalizing and internalizing behavior at three years

Author

Kingston, D, Kehler, H, Austin, MP, Mughal, MK, Wajid, A, Vermeyden, L, Benzies, K, Brown, S, Stuart, S, Giallo, Rebecca, Kingston, D, Kehler, H, Austin, MP, Mughal, MK, Wajid, A, Vermeyden, L, Benzies, K, Brown, S, Stuart, S, and Giallo, Rebecca

Abstract

Background Most evidence of the association between maternal depression and children’s development is limited by being cross-sectional. To date, few studies have modelled trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms from pregnancy through the early postpartum years and examined their association with social emotional and behavior functioning in preschool children. The objectives of this study were to: 1) identify distinct groups of women defined by their trajectories of depressive symptoms across four time points from mid-pregnancy to one year postpartum; and 2) examine the associations between these trajectories and child internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Methods We analyzed data from the All Our Families (AOF) study, a large, population based pregnancy cohort of mother-child dyads in Alberta, Canada. The AOF study is an ongoing pregnancy cohort study designed to investigate relationships between the prenatal and early life period and outcomes for children and mothers. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Children’s behavioral functioning at age 3 was assessed using the Behavior Scales developed for the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. Longitudinal latent class analysis was conducted to identify trajectories of women’s depressive symptoms across four time points from pregnancy to 1 year postpartum. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and children’s behavior, while adjusting for other significant maternal, child and psychosocial factors. Results 1983 participants met eligibility criteria. We identified four distinct trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms: low level (64.7%); early postpartum (10.9%); subclinical (18.8%); and persistent high (5.6%). In multivariable models, the proportion of children with elevated behavior symptoms was highest for children whose mothers had persistent hig

Published
2018

43. Trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the first 12 months postpartum and child externalizing and internalizing behavior at three years

Author

Hashimoto, K, Kingston, D, Kehler, H, Austin, M-P, Mughal, MK, Wajid, A, Vermeyden, L, Benzies, K, Brown, S, Stuart, S, Giallo, R, Hashimoto, K, Kingston, D, Kehler, H, Austin, M-P, Mughal, MK, Wajid, A, Vermeyden, L, Benzies, K, Brown, S, Stuart, S, and Giallo, R

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most evidence of the association between maternal depression and children's development is limited by being cross-sectional. To date, few studies have modelled trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms from pregnancy through the early postpartum years and examined their association with social emotional and behavior functioning in preschool children. The objectives of this study were to: 1) identify distinct groups of women defined by their trajectories of depressive symptoms across four time points from mid-pregnancy to one year postpartum; and 2) examine the associations between these trajectories and child internalizing and externalizing behaviors. METHODS: We analyzed data from the All Our Families (AOF) study, a large, population based pregnancy cohort of mother-child dyads in Alberta, Canada. The AOF study is an ongoing pregnancy cohort study designed to investigate relationships between the prenatal and early life period and outcomes for children and mothers. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Children's behavioral functioning at age 3 was assessed using the Behavior Scales developed for the Canadian National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth. Longitudinal latent class analysis was conducted to identify trajectories of women's depressive symptoms across four time points from pregnancy to 1 year postpartum. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and children's behavior, while adjusting for other significant maternal, child and psychosocial factors. RESULTS: 1983 participants met eligibility criteria. We identified four distinct trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms: low level (64.7%); early postpartum (10.9%); subclinical (18.8%); and persistent high (5.6%). In multivariable models, the proportion of children with elevated behavior symptoms was highest for children whose mothers had persistent

Published
2018

45. The European 2015 drought from a hydrological perspective

Author

Laaha, G., Gauster, T., Tallaksen, L., Vidal, J.P., Stahl, K., Prudhomme, C., Heudorfer, B., Vlnas, R., Ionita, M., Van Lanen, H. A. J., Adler, M.J., Caillouet, L., Delus, C., Fendekova, M., Gailliez, S., Hannaford, J., Kingston, D., Van Loon, A., Mediero, L., Osuch, M., Romanowicz, R., Sauquet, E., Stagge, J. H., Wong, W.K., University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), University of Oslo (UiO), Hydrologie-Hydraulique (UR HHLY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Wallingford] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), University of Defence in Brno (UoD), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management [Roumanie] (NIHWM), Centre d'Etude et de Recherche en Géographie de l'Aménagement des Paysages et de l'Environnement (CERGAPE - LOTERR), Université de Lorraine (UL), Department of Hydrogeology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Service Public de Wallonie, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Institute of Geophysics [Warsaw], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), University of Defence [Czech Republic], Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management [Roumanie], Comenius University [Bratislava], and Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN)

Subjects
SECHERESSE, HYDROLOGIE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, hydrology, drought, [SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology
Abstract

International audience; In 2015 large parts of Europe were affected by drought. In this paper, we analyze the hydrological footprint (dynamic development over space and time) of the drought of 2015 in terms of both severity (magnitude) and spatial extent and compare it to the extreme drought of 2003. Analyses are based on a range of low flow and hydrological drought indices derived for about 800 streamflow records across Europe, collected in a community effort based on a common protocol. We compare the hydrological footprints of both events with the meteorological footprints, in order to learn from similarities and differences of both perspectives and to draw conclusions for drought management. The region affected by hydrological drought in 2015 differed somewhat from the drought of 2003, with its center located more towards eastern Europe. In terms of low flow magnitude, a region surrounding the Czech Republic was the most affected, with summer low flows that exhibited return intervals of 100 years and more. In terms of deficit volumes, the geographical center of the event was in southern Germany, where the drought lasted a particularly long time. A detailed spatial and temporal assessment of the 2015 event showed that the particular behavior in these regions was partly a result of diverging wetness preconditions in the studied catchments. Extreme droughts emerged where preconditions were particularly dry. In regions with wet preconditions, low flow events developed later and tended to be less severe. For both the 2003 and 2015 events, the onset of the hydrological drought was well correlated with the lowest flow recorded during the event (low flow magnitude), pointing towards a potential for early warning of the severity of streamflow drought. Time series of monthly drought indices (both streamflow- and climate-based indices) showed that meteorological and hydrological events developed differently in space and time, both in terms of extent and severity (magnitude). These results emphasize that drought is a hazard which leaves different footprints on the various components of the water cycle at different spatial and temporal scales. The difference in the dynamic development of meteorological and hydrological drought also implies that impacts on various water-use sectors and river ecology cannot be informed by climate indices alone. Thus, an assessment of drought impacts on water resources requires hydrological data in addition to drought indices based solely on climate data. The transboundary scale of the event also suggests that additional efforts need to be undertaken to make timely pan-European hydrological assessments more operational in the future.

Published
2017
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46. Bioactive Neolignans and Other Compounds from Magnolia grandiflora L.: Isolation and Antiplasmodial Activity

Author

Latif A, Du Y, Dalal S, Fernandez-Murga M, Merino E, Cassera M, Goetz M, and Kingston D

Subjects
Mass spectrometry, 1D-and 2D-NMR, Antiplasmodial activity, Neolignans, Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae)
Abstract

Bioassay-guided fractionation of a methanol extract of Magnolia grandiflora against Plasmodium falciparum yielded two new (1 and 2) and six known (3 - 8) bioactive compounds. The structures of the new compounds were assigned by mass spectrometric and 1D- and 2D-NMR data. Known compounds were identified by comparison of H-1-NMR and MS data with literature data. The two known neolignans 3 and 4 showed moderate antiplasmodial activity with the IC50 values of 2.8 +/- 0.1 and 3.4 +/- 0.1 mu m, respectively. Weak antiplasmodial activity was recorded for compounds 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 8, with the IC50 values of 38 +/- 2, 23 +/- 2, 16.5 +/- 0.2, 86 +/- 1, 44 +/- 4, and 114 +/- 9 mu m, respectively.

Published
2017

47. Isolation of the New Antiplasmodial Butanolide, Malleastrumolide A, from Malleastrum sp (Meliaceae) from Madagascar

Author

Du Y, Abedi A, Valenciano A, Fernandez-Murga M, Cassera M, Rasamison V, Applequist W, Miller J, and Kingston D

Subjects
Butanolide, Madagascar, Malleastrum, Antiplasmodial activity, Meliaceae
Abstract

An extract of Malleastrum sp. (Meliaceae) collected in Madagascar by the Madagascar International Cooperative Biodiversity Group was found to have antimalarial activity, with an IC50 value between 2.5 and 5gml(-1). After purification by liquid-liquid partition, chromatography on a Diaion open column, C18SPE and C-18 reversed phase HPLC, the new butanolide, malleastrumolide A, was isolated. The structure of malleastrumolide A was determined by mass spectrometry, NMR, and ECD. The double bond position was determined by cross-metathesis and mass spectrometry. The compound has antiproliferative activity against the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line with an IC50 value of 17.4m and antiplasmodial activity against the drug-resistant Dd2 strain of Plasmodium falciparum with an IC50 value of 2.74m.

Published
2017

48. La sécheresse européenne de 2015 du point de vue hydrologique

Author

Laaha, G., Gauster, T., Delus, C., Vidal, Jean-Philippe, Van Loon, A., Heudorfer, B., Prudhomme, C., Kingston, D., Rets, E., Sauquet, Eric, Van Lanen, H., Stagge, J. H., Hannaford, J., Stahl, Konrad, Haslinger, K., Caillouet, L., Tallaksen, L., Mediero, L., Gudmundsson, L., Kireeva, M., Hänel, M., Adler, M.J., Osuch, M., Fendekova, M., Ionita Scholz, M., Frolova, N., Vlnas, R., Romanowicz, R., Gailliez, S., Chelcea, S., Wong, W.K., University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Université de Lorraine (UL), Hydrologie-Hydraulique (UR HHLY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM GBR, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), INSTITUTE OF HYDROLOGY FREIBURG DEU, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Bangor] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Loughborough University, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MOSCOW RUS, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Oslo (UiO), CENTRAL INSTITUTE FOR METEOROLOGY AND GEODYNAMICS ZAMG VIENNA AUT, UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID ESP, ETH ZURICH CHE, MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY MOSCOW RUS, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management [Roumanie] (NIHWM), Institute of Geophysics [Warsaw], Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Comenius University in Bratislava, ALFRED WEGENER INSTITUTE FOR POLAR AND MARINE RESEARCH BREMERHAVEN DEU, TGM WRI VUV TG MASARYK WATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE CZE, SERVICE PUBLIC DE WALLONIE CHATELET BEL, and NORWEGIAN WATER RESOURCES AND ENERGY DIRECTORATE OSLO NOR

Subjects
EUROPE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; The year 2015 was hot and dry in many European countries. A timely assessment of its hydrological impacts constitutes a difficult task, because stream flow records are often not available within 2-3 years after recording. Moreover, monitoring is performed on a national or even provincial basis. There are still major barriers of data access, especially for eastern European countries. Wherever data are available, their compatibility poses a major challenge. In two companion papers we summarize a collaborative initiative of members of UNESCO’s FRIEND-Water program to perform a timely Pan-European assessment of the 2015 drought. In this second part we analyse the hydrological perspective based on streamflow observations. We first describe the data access strategy and the assessment method. We than present the results consisting of a range of low flow indices calculated for about 800 gauges across Europe. We compare the characteristics of the 2015 drought with the average, long-term conditions, and with the specific conditions of the 2003 drought, which is often used as a worst-case benchmark to gauge future drought events. Overall, the hydrological 2015 drought is characterised by a much smaller spatial extend than the 2003 drought. Extreme streamflows are observed mainly in a band North of the Alps spanning from E-France to Poland. In terms of flow magnitude, Czech, E-Germany and N-Austria were most affected. In this region the low flows often had return periods of 100 years and more, indicating that the event was much more severe than the 2003 event. In terms of deficit volumes, the centre of the event was more oriented towards S-Germany. Based on a detailed assessment of the spatio-temporal characteristics at various scales, we are able to explain the different behaviour in these regions by diverging wetness preconditions in the catchments. This suggest that the sole knowledge of atmospheric indices is not sufficient to characterise hydrological drought events. We claim that assessment of impacts on water resources requires hydrological data and additional efforts of Pan-European dimension need to be undertaken to make hydrological assessments more operational in the future.

Published
2016

50. Pregnant women's views on the feasibility and acceptability of web-based mental health e-screening versus paper-based screening: A randomized controlled trial

Author

Kingston, D, Austin, MP, Van Zanten, SV, Harvalik, P, Giallo, R, McDonald, SD, MacQueen, G, Vermeyden, L, Lasiuk, G, Sword, W, Biringer, A, Kingston, D, Austin, MP, Van Zanten, SV, Harvalik, P, Giallo, R, McDonald, SD, MacQueen, G, Vermeyden, L, Lasiuk, G, Sword, W, and Biringer, A

Abstract

Background: Major international guidelines recommend mental health screening during the perinatal period. However, substantial barriers to screening have been reported by pregnant and postpartum women and perinatal care providers. E-screening offers benefits that may address implementation challenges. Objective: The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of Web-based mental health e-screening compared with paper-based screening among pregnant women. A secondary objective was to identify factors associated with women's preferences for e-screening and disclosure of mental health concerns. Methods: Pregnant women recruited from community and hospital-based antenatal clinics and hospital-based prenatal classes were computer-randomized to a fully automated Web-based e-screening intervention group or a paper-based control group. Women were eligible if they spoke or read English, were willing to be randomized to e-screening, and were willing to participate in a follow-up diagnostic interview. The intervention group completed the Antenatal Psychosocial Health Assessment and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale on a tablet computer, while controls completed them on paper. All women completed self-report baseline questions and were telephoned 1 week after randomization by a blinded research assistant for a MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Renker and Tonkin's tool of feasibility and acceptability of computerized screening was used to assess the feasibility and acceptability of e-screening compared with paper-based screening. Intention-to-treat analysis was used. To identify factors associated with preference for e-screening and disclosure, variables associated with each outcome at P<.20 were simultaneously entered into final multivariable models to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% CIs. Results: Of the 675 eligible women approached, 636 agreed to participate (participation rate 94.2%)

Published
2017

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