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BackgroundSurvivorship for those living with primary CNS cancers begins at diagnosis, continues throughout a person's life, and includes caregivers. Opportunities and challenges exist to advance survivorship care for those living with primary CNS cancers that necessitate stakeholder involvement.MethodsIn June 2021, NCI-CONNECT convened a two-day virtual workshop about survivorship care in neuro-oncology. Two expert panels provided key recommendations and five working groups considered critical questions to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the advancement of survivorship care and developed recommendations and action items.ResultsThe following action items emanated from the workshop: seek endorsement of meeting report from stakeholder organizations; address barriers in access to survivorship care and provider reimbursement; advance survivorship research through NIH and private grant support; develop a survivorship tool kit for providers, people living with primary CNS cancers and their caregivers; provide accessible educational content for neuro-oncology, neurology, and oncology community providers about survivorship care in neuro-oncology; and establish core competencies for survivorship care for neuro-oncology providers to be included in training and standardized exams.ConclusionsAction items aim to address access and reimbursement barriers, expand patient and provider education, develop core competencies, and support survivorship research through funding and other supports.

Online education continues to grow in popularity and is an attractive option for individuals of all ages, but particularly for adults who must balance work, family, and school responsibilities. Attrition rates in online courses are high for a variety of personal and institutional reasons. Some of the personal reasons attributed to retention in online courses and degree programs focus on non-cognitive factors related to persistence, a growth mindset, and grit. Prior research has demonstrated that higher grit scores could equate to higher achievement in multiple areas of a person's life--professionally and personally, and in academic settings. However, to mindfully improve retention of online learners, faculty need training and should implement strategies such as deliberate practice, which requires full engagement, repeated attempts at success, openness to taking risks, and reflection on learning and failures. Thus, it makes sense that grit, a growth mindset, and deliberate practice strategies may improve retention of online students. Identifying reasons for high attrition rates in online courses and non-cognitive traits that lead to academic success will offer a foundation for more research to identify ways to increase student persistence in online degree programs.

Experience goods like Broadway theatre often include an artistic component involving both a personally subjective aesthetic element as well as technical standards and cultural significance that may be challenging for the typical consumer to observe. Some consumers will likely have preferences focused on the aesthetic value while others will be more concerned with artistic merit of the production. This suggests that different consumers may find differing sources of information valuable in determining whether to make a purchase. The wisdom of the masses is likely correlated with the aesthetic element while expert opinions may help distill the larger artistic merit of the work. We examine the impact of favourable reviews by patrons and expert critics on weekly revenues for an unbalanced panel of 276 Broadway productions running for an average of 58 weeks. Results show a positive effect from both patron and critic reviews across the range of productions, with critic reviews serving a similar role to Tony Award wins. Dividing the data into musicals and non-musicals, we find positive significance for patron reviews, reputation of the director, and revival status in revenues for non-musicals while critic reviews and Tony wins are associated with significantly higher weekly revenues for musicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune condition that disproportionately impacts non-White ethnic and racial groups, particularly individuals in the African diaspora who experience heightened incidence, prevalence, and adverse outcomes. Genetic and epigenetic factors play significant roles in SLE risk, however these factors neither explain the whole of SLE risk nor the stark racial disparities we observe. Moreover, our understanding of genetic risk factors within African ancestry populations is limited due to social and environmental influences on research participation, disease presentation, and healthcare access. Globally, the African diaspora faces barriers in accessing essential SLE diagnostic tools, therapeutics, healthcare practitioners, and high-quality clinical and translational research studies. Here, we provide insights into the current state of genetic studies within African ancestry populations and highlight the unique challenges encountered in SLE care and research across countries of varying income levels. We also identify opportunities to address these disparities and promote scientific equity for individuals affected by SLE within the global African diaspora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amphibians are important indicators of environmental health, and their populations are in worldwide decline. The causes of these declines are diverse and not well understood. In some cases multiple stressors and complex causal mechanisms have been identified. Experimental studies have shown that contaminants can cause the failure of Lithobates sylvaticus tadpoles to initiate predator avoidance behaviors, potentially leading to increased tadpole capture and injury. Copper is a contaminant known to negatively affect amphibians and other aquatic organisms at sub-lethal levels. Mining waste, certain pesticides, vehicle exhaust and brake pad dust are sources of copper, which can enter hydrologic systems through runoff. Additionally, temperature is known to influence predator-prey interactions of ectotherms and is predicted to rise in some areas as climate changes. We examined how copper and temperature affected behavior and predation dynamics between an odonate predator (Aeshna sitchensis) and larval L. sylvaticus prey. We found that sublethal concentrations of copper near the analytical detection limits for this element (1.85 μg Cu/L) significantly reduced tadpole and odonate activity. Above-average temperatures (22°C) significantly increased tadpole activity and decreased dragonfly activity, compared with ambient-temperature treatments (17°). These behavioral responses culminated in an approximately three-fold increase in the number of dragonfly attacks on tadpoles in the elevated-temperature, copper-exposed treatments. We suggest that increased concentrations of dissolved copper and elevated water temperatures are harmful to amphibian prey through maladaptive behavioral responses in the presence of predators.

The ubiquity of vanadium oxo complexes in the V+ and IV+ oxidation states has contributed to a comprehensive understanding of their electronic structure and reactivity. However, despite being predicted to be stable by ligand-field theory, the isolation and characterization of a well-defined terminal mononuclear vanadium(III) oxo complex has remained elusive. We present the synthesis and characterization of a unique terminal mononuclear vanadium(III) oxo species supported by the pentadentate polypyridyl ligand 2,6-bis[1,1-bis(2-pyridyl)ethyl]pyridine (PY5Me2). Exposure of [V(II)(NCCH3)(PY5Me2)](2+) (1) to either dioxygen or selected O-atom-transfer reagents yields [V(IV)(O)(PY5Me2)](2+) (2). The metal-centered one-electron reduction of this vanadium(IV) oxo complex furnishes a stable, diamagnetic [V(III)(O)(PY5Me2)](+) (3) species. The vanadium(III) oxo species is unreactive toward H- and O-atom transfer but readily reacts with protons to form a putative vanadium hydroxo complex. Computational results predict that further one-electron reduction of the vanadium(III) oxo species will result in ligand-based reduction, even though pyridine is generally considered to be a poor π-accepting ligand. These results have implications for future efforts toward low-valent vanadyl chemistry, particularly with regard to the isolation and study of formal vanadium(II) oxo species.