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Catheter entrapment is a rare complication during catheter ablation that may require surgical intervention. Use of adenosine to prolong diastole can be a safe and effective strategy to free the catheter and avoid significant morbidity. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).

This study aimed to review changes in North Korea's education system during the Kim Jong-un era to determine if North Korea has focused on higher education and obtained the educational goals set in the Kim Jung-il era. To do so, this paper examines how North Korea's education laws and educational content have influenced its central educational administration system from the Kim Il-sung to the Kim Jong-un regime. This study also explores specific changes in North Korea's higher education system. For the analysis, I reviewed a variety of documents and media content, such as policies announced by the North Korean media, statute books, textbooks, magazines, and interviews with North Korean defectors regarding educational changes. Results indicate that North Korea's educational system was reformed only after the reform of its administrative system. Additionally, the results demonstrate that North Korean education has shifted from basic, theoretical education to practical education during the Kim Jong-un regime. This study concludes that higher education in North Korea will continue to be reinforced for everyone so it can build an advanced nation.

Habits formed during adolescence tend to persist into adulthood, and correcting poor habits or behaviors during this time is more effective than at other times. Particularly, parents and caregivers should encourage good hygiene habits in their adolescent children by setting a positive example themselves. Using logistic regression, we analyzed the association between brushing teeth after lunch and washing hands before lunch by family type among 54,848 adolescents from the 17th Youth Health Behavior Survey raw data in 2021. Four logistic regression models were used to adjust for confounders hierarchically. In all models, adolescents who practiced tooth brushing after lunch were 2.09 times more likely to practice hand washing before lunch than those who did not. With and without adjustment, we found that the association between adolescents' tooth brushing and hand washing practices in two-parent households was stronger than the association between adolescents' tooth brushing and hand washing practices in single-parent households. Associations were found between tooth brushing and hand washing practices, and these associations were higher among adolescents in two-parent households than among adolescents in single-parent households. The finding of a significant link between family type and personal hygiene habits indicates the need for interventions to enhance the oral health of children and adolescents. Such interventions should be customized to reflect the specific characteristics of the child's household. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the association between the usage of interdental cleaning and periodontal status among older people in Korea. Background: In order to maintain oral health in older people, it is very important to use interdental cleaning devices. However, there is a lack of research on periodontal status and interdental cleaning device use in older people. Methods: This study used data collected from the 7th National Health Nutrition Survey (KNHANES VII: 2016–2018). A total of 3426 older people adults aged 65 years or older were selected from 16 489 participants. Data on sociodemographic status (sex, age, level of education, income, residential area), personal health practice (subjective health status, smoking, physical activity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus), oral health practice (subjective oral health status, tooth brushing frequency, dental visits, and chewing problem), the number of teeth and periodontitis were collected. Periodontitis was defined as having a World Health Organisation community periodontal index (CPI) code greater than or equal to three, and severe periodontitis was defined as a CPI code 4. Participants having a CPI code of 3 or 4 were considered to have periodontal disease in this study. Logistic regression analysis investigated the association between interdental cleaning devices usage and periodontitis controlling the confounding factors. Results: Those who do not use dental floss had a higher rate of periodontal disease (AOR = 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05 to 2.1). However, there were no significant differences by interdental brush use. In those with 20 or more teeth, non‐users of dental floss had a higher risk of periodontitis in all models. Conversely, in those with fewer than 20 teeth, no significant differences were observed. Conclusions: Older people with mostly intact dentitions have better periodontal health if they clean between their teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]