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6. Dominant mobility modulation by the electric field effect at the LaAlO_3 / SrTiO_3 interface

Author

Bell, C., Harashima, S., Kozuka, Y., Kim, M., Kim, B. G., Hikita, Y., and Hwang, H. Y.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Caviglia et al. [Nature (London) 456, 624 (2008)] have found that the superconducting LaAlO_3 / SrTiO_3 interface can be gate modulated. A central issue is to determine the principal effect of the applied electric field. Using magnetotransport studies of a gated structure, we find that the mobility variation is almost five times as large as the sheet carrier density. Furthermore, superconductivity can be suppressed at both positive and negative gate bias. These results indicate that the relative disorder strength strongly increases across the superconductor-insulator transition., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures

Published
2009
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8. Direct observation of oxygen superstructures in manganites

Author

Grenier, S., Thomas, K. J., Hill, J. P., Staub, U., Bodenthin, Y., García-Fernández, M., Scagnoli, V., Kiryukhin, V., Cheong, S-W., Kim, B. G., and Tonnerre, J. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We report the observation of superstructures associated with the oxygen 2p-states in two prototypical manganites using x-ray diffraction at the oxygen K-edge. We determine the nature of the orderings and discuss our picture with respect to novel theoretical models. In the stripe order system Bi0.31 Ca0.69 MnO3, hole-doped O states are found to be orbitally ordered, at the same propagation vector as the Mn orbital ordering, but no evidence is found to support a picture of oxygen charge stripes at this periodicity. In La 7/8 Sr 1/8 MnO3, we observe a 2p charge ordering described by alternating hole-poor and hole-rich MnO planes that is consistent with recent predictions., Comment: 5 pages

Published
2007
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10. Atomic-scale images of charge ordering in a mixed-valence manganite

Author

Renner, Ch., Aeppli, G., Kim, B-G., Soh, Yeong-Ah, and Cheong, S. -W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Transition-metal perovskite oxides exhibit a wide range of extraordinary but imperfectly understood phenomena. Charge, spin, orbital, and lattice degrees of freedom all undergo order-disorder transitions in regimes not far from where the best-known of these phenomena, namely high-temperature superconductivity of the copper oxides, and the 'colossal' magnetoresistance of the manganese oxides, occur. Mostly diffraction techniques, sensitive either to the spin or the ionic core, have been used to measure the order. Unfortunately, because they are only weakly sensitive to valence electrons and yield superposition of signals from distinct mesoscopic phases, they cannot directly image mesoscopic phase coexistence and charge ordering, two key features of the manganites. Here we describe the first experiment to image charge ordering and phase separation in real space with atomic-scale resolution in a transition metal oxide. Our scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) data show that charge order is correlated with structural order, as well as with whether the material is locally metallic or insulating, thus giving an atomic-scale basis for descriptions of the manganites as mixtures of electronically and structurally distinct phases., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 19 references

Published
2002
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11. Optical Evidence of Multiphase Coexistence in Single Crystalline (La,Pr,Ca)MnO3

Author

Lee, H. J., Kim, K. H., Kim, M. W., Noh, T. W., Kim, B. G., Koo, T. Y., Cheong, S. -W., Wang, Y. J., and Wei, X.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We investigated temperature (T)- and magnetic field-dependent optical conductivity spectra (\s\w) of a La_5/8-yPr_yCa_3/8MnO_3 (y~0.35) single crystal, showing intriguing phase coexistence at low T. At T_C < T < T_CO, a dominant charge-ordered phase produces a large optical gap energy of ~0.4 eV. At T < T_C, at least two absorption bands newly emerge below 0.4 eV. Analyses of (\s\w) indicate that the new bands should be attributed to a ferromagnetic metallic and a charge-disordered phase that coexist with the charge-ordered phase. This optical study clearly shows that La_5/8-yPrCa_3/8MnO_3 (y~0.35) is composed of multiphases that might have different lattice strains., Comment: A single file with 9 figures embedded, to appear in Phys. Rev. B

Published
2002
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12. Magnetic relaxation in La0.250Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 with varying phase separation

Author

Deac, I. G., Diaz, S. V., Kim, B. G., Cheong, S. -W., and Schiffer, P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We have studied the magnetic relaxation properties of the phase-separated manganite compound La0.250Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 . A series of polycrystalline samples was prepared with different sintering temperatures, resulting in a continuous variation of phase fraction between metallic (ferromagnetic) and charge-ordered phases at low temperatures. Measurements of the magnetic viscosity show a temperature and field dependence which can be correlated to the static properties. Common to all the samples, there appears to be two types of relaxation processes - at low fields associated with the reorientation of ferromagnetic domains and at higher fields associated with the transformation between ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic phases., Comment: 30 pages with figures, PDF, accepted to be published in Physical Review B

Published
2002
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13. Martensitic accommodation strain and the metal-insulator transition in manganites

Author

Podzorov, V., Kim, B. G., Kiryukhin, V., Gershenson, M. E., and Cheong, S-W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

In this paper, we report polarized optical microscopy and electrical transport studies of manganese oxides that reveal that the charge ordering transition in these compounds exhibits typical signatures of a martensitic transformation. We demonstrate that specific electronic properties of charge-ordered manganites stem from a combination of martensitic accommodation strain and effects of strong electron correlations. This intrinsic strain is strongly affected by the grain boundaries in ceramic samples. Consistently, our studies show a remarkable enhancement of low field magnetoresistance and the grain size effect on the resistivity in polycrystalline samples and suggest that the transport properties of this class of manganites are governed by the charge-disordered insulating phase stabilized at low temperature by virtue of martensitic accommodation strain. High sensitivity of this phase to strains and magnetic field leads to a variety of striking phenomena, such as unusually high magnetoresistance (10^10 %) in low magnetic fields., Comment: Short paper, 4 figures, to appear in Rapid Communication

Published
2001
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14. Nanoscale anisotropic structural correlations in the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases of Nd0.5Sr0.5 MnO3

Author

Kiryukhin, V., Kim, B. G., Katsufuji, T., Hill, J. P., and Cheong, S-W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter
Abstract

We report x-ray scattering studies of short-range structural correlations and diffuse scattering in Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3. On cooling, this material undergoes a series of transitions, first from a paramagnetic insulating (PI) to a ferromagnetic metallic (FM) phase, and then to a charge-ordered (CO) insulating state. Highly anisotropic structural correlations were found in both the PI and FM states. The correlations increase with decreasing temperature, reaching a maximum at the CO transition temperature. Below this temperature, they abruptly collapsed. Single-polaron diffuse scattering was also observed in both the PI and FM states suggesting that substantial local lattice distortions are present in these phases. We argue that our measurements indicate that nanoscale regions exhibiting layered orbital order exist in the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases of Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3., Comment: 5 pages, 4 embedded figures

Published
2001
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15. Multiphase segregation and metal-insulator transition in single crystal La(5/8-y)Pr(y)Ca(3/8)MnO3

Author

Kiryukhin, V., Kim, B. G., Podzorov, V., Cheong, S-W., Koo, T. Y., Hill, J. P., Moon, I., and Jeong, Y. H.

Subjects
Condensed Matter
Abstract

The insulator-metal transition in single crystal La(5/8-y)Pr(y)Ca(3/8)MnO3 with y=0.35 was studied using synchrotron x-ray diffraction, electric resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements. Despite the dramatic drop in the resistivity at the insulator-metal transition temperature Tmi, the charge-ordering (CO) peaks exhibit no anomaly at this temperature and continue to grow below Tmi. Our data suggest then, that in addition to the CO phase, another insulating phase is present below Tco. In this picture, the insulator-metal transition is due to the changes within this latter phase. The CO phase does not appear to play a major role in this transition. We propose that a percolation-like insulator-metal transition occurs via the growth of ferromagnetic metallic domains within the parts of the sample that do not exhibit charge ordering. Finally, we find that the low-temperature phase-separated state is unstable against x-ray irradiation, which destroys the CO phase at low temperatures., Comment: 9 pages, 9 encapsulated eps figures

Published
2000
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22. Maintenance olaparib after platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer and a BRCA mutation: efficacy by the timing of surgery and residual tumour status following upfront or interval cytoreductive surgery in the Phase III SOLO1 trial

Author

Moore, K, Colombo, N, Scambia, G, Kim, B-G, Oaknin, A, Friedlander, M, Lisyanskaya, A, Floquet, A, Leary, A, Sonke, G S, Gourley, C, Banerjee, S, Oza, A, González-Martín, A, Aghajanian, C, Bradley, W, Mathews, C, Liu, J, Lowe, E S, Bloomfield, R, and DiSilvestro, P

Published
2019
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23. Optimal Supplemental Chromium Concentration for Alleviating Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens: A Meta-analysis.

Author

Kim, H., Lee, K. W., and Kim, B. G.

Subjects
BROILER chickens, CHROMIUM, RANDOM variables, WEIGHT gain, BODY weight
Abstract

The objective of the present work was to determine the optimal supplemental chromium (Cr) concentration for alleviating the detrimental effects of heat stress on the growth performance of broilers using the literature data. A total of 53 observations from 22 experiments that assessed the growth performance of broilers fed various doses of Cr under heat stress were collected. The control groups received no supplemental Cr, whereas supplemental Cr concentrations ranged from 200 µg/ kg to 2,000 µg/kg of diet. The sources of Cr were Cr chloride (n= 12), Cr-amino acid chelate (n= 14), and Cr picolinate (n= 27). The relative change (Δ %) of average daily gain (ADG) between broilers fed a Cr-supplemented diet and those fed a control diet was calculated. To compare ΔADG among Cr sources, the source was considered a fixed variable, while the experiment and the supplemental Cr concentration were considered random variables. The ΔADG was not different among the sources. Polynomial contrast analysis indicated that ΔADG increased quadratically (p<0.05) as the dietary Cr concentration increased. The optimum supplemental Cr concentration was estimated using a one-slope broken-line model with the fixed variable of supplemental Cr and a random variable of experiment based on the NLMIXED procedure of SAS. The optimum supplemental Cr concentration to maximize ΔADG in broilers under heat stress was 687 µg/kg (SE= 137, R² = 0.70, and p<0.001). Taken together, the optimum Cr supplemental concentration in broiler diets to alleviate the detrimental effects of heat stress on body weight gain is 687 µg/kg, regardless of the source of Cr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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28. 177O Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus treatment of physician’s choice in patients with previously treated advanced endometrial cancer: Study 309/KEYNOTE-775 Asian subgroup

Author

Yonemori, K., primary, Fujiwara, K., additional, Hasegawa, K., additional, Yunokawa, M., additional, Ushijima, K., additional, Suzuki, S., additional, Shikama, A., additional, Minobe, S., additional, Usami, T., additional, Kim, J-W., additional, Kim, B-G., additional, Wang, P-H., additional, Chang, T-C., additional, Yamamoto, K., additional, Han, S., additional, McKenzie, J., additional, Barresi, G., additional, Miura, T., additional, Makker, V., additional, and Kim, Y.M., additional

Published
2022
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32. 101P Real-world prevalence of MSI-H/dMMR across 6 different tumor types in Asia

Author

Tan, D.S., primary, Kim, Y.M., additional, Lim, M-C., additional, Sho, M., additional, Lu, C-H., additional, Nagao, S., additional, Kubo, S., additional, Kim, B-G., additional, Chen, L-T., additional, Kanai, M., additional, Wang, P-H., additional, Rha, S.Y., additional, Ramar, R., additional, Wong, M.T., additional, and Sasaki, T., additional

Published
2022
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33. 517O Overall survival (OS) at 7-year (y) follow-up (f/u) in patients (pts) with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer (OC) and a BRCA mutation (BRCAm) who received maintenance olaparib in the SOLO1/GOG-3004 trial

Author

DiSilvestro, P., primary, Banerjee, S., additional, Colombo, N., additional, Scambia, G., additional, Kim, B-G., additional, Oaknin, A., additional, Friedlander, M.L., additional, Lisyanskaya, A.S., additional, Floquet, A., additional, Leary, A., additional, Sonke, G.S., additional, Gourley, C., additional, Oza, A.M., additional, Gonzalez Martin, A.J., additional, Aghajanian, C., additional, Bradley, W.H., additional, Mathews, C., additional, McNamara, J., additional, Lowe, E., additional, and Moore, K.N., additional

Published
2022
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38. 732P Durvalumab + carboplatin/paclitaxel (CP) followed by durvalumab ± olaparib as a first-line treatment for endometrial cancer (EC): Progression-free survival (PFS) by clinical factors in DUO-E

Author

Blank, S.V., McCollum, M., Anderson, C., Pennington, K., Salinas, E., Richardson, D.L., Slomovitz, B.M., Kim, B-G., Liu, J., Mori, M., Guette, P.L. Ramos, Joseph de Pádua, C., Martinez-Garcia, J., Papadimitriou, C., Grisan, K., Póka, R.L., Kowgier, M., Del Rosario, P.M.D., Van Nieuwenhuysen, E., and Westin, S.

Published
2024
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42. Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk (vol 30, pg 349, 2021)

Author

Dareng, EO, Tyrer, JP, Barnes, DR, Jones, MR, Yang, X, Aben, KKH, Adank, MA, Agata, S, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Aravantinos, G, Arun, BK, Augustinsson, A, Balmana, J, Bandera, EV, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Bogdanova, NV, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brenton, JD, Budzilowska, A, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Cai, H, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Cassingham, H, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chen, K, Chiew, Y-E, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Colonna, S, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Daly, MB, Dao, F, Davies, E, de la Hoya, M, de Putter, R, Dennis, J, DePersia, A, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dork, T, du Bois, A, Durst, M, Eccles, DM, Eliassen, HA, Engel, C, Evans, GD, Fasching, PA, Flanagan, JM, Fortner, RT, Machackova, E, Friedman, E, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, Gensini, F, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goodman, MT, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Hakansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harris, HR, Hartman, M, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, CK, Hopper, JL, Huang, R-Y, Huff, C, Hulick, PJ, Huntsman, DG, Imyanitov, EN, Isaacs, C, Jakubowska, A, James, PA, Janavicius, R, Jensen, A, Johannsson, OT, John, EM, Jones, ME, Kang, D, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kelemen, LE, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kim, B-G, Kjaer, SK, Komenaka, I, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kurian, AW, Kwong, A, Lambrechts, D, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Leslie, G, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Li, L, Li, J, Loud, JT, Lu, KH, Lubinski, J, Mai, PL, Manoukian, S, Marks, JR, Matsuno, RK, Matsuo, K, May, T, McGuffog, L, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, IA, Mebirouk, N, Menon, U, Miller, A, Milne, RL, Minlikeeva, A, Modugno, F, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Munro, E, Nathanson, KL, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Yie, JNY, Nielsen, HR, Nielsen, FC, Nikitina-Zake, L, Odunsi, K, Offit, K, Olah, E, Olbrecht, S, Olopade, OI, Olson, SH, Olsson, H, Osorio, A, Papi, L, Park, SK, Parsons, MT, Pathak, H, Pedersen, IS, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Perez-Segura, P, Permuth, JB, Peshkin, B, Peterlongo, P, Piskorz, A, Prokofyeva, D, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Riggan, MJ, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Antona, C, Ross, E, Rossing, MA, Runnebaum, I, Sandler, DP, Santamarina, M, Soucy, P, Schmutzler, RK, Setiawan, VW, Shan, K, Sieh, W, Simard, J, Singer, CF, Sokolenko, AP, Song, H, Southey, MC, Steed, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sutphen, R, Swerdlow, AJ, Tan, YY, Teixeira, MR, Teo, SH, Terry, KL, Terry, MB, Thomassen, M, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tischkowitz, M, Titus, L, Toland, AE, Torres, D, Trabert, B, Travis, R, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Valen, E, van Altena, AM, van der Hout, AH, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, van Rensburg, EJ, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vierkant, RA, Wang, F, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Winham, SJ, Wolk, A, Woo, Y-L, Wu, AH, Yan, L, Yannoukakos, D, Zavaglia, KM, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Kleibl, Z, Easton, D, Lawrenson, K, DeFazio, A, Sellers, TA, Ramus, SJ, Pearce, CL, Monteiro, AN, Cunningham, JM, Goode, EL, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, Pharoah, PDP, Dareng, EO, Tyrer, JP, Barnes, DR, Jones, MR, Yang, X, Aben, KKH, Adank, MA, Agata, S, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Aravantinos, G, Arun, BK, Augustinsson, A, Balmana, J, Bandera, EV, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Bogdanova, NV, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brenton, JD, Budzilowska, A, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Cai, H, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Cassingham, H, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chen, K, Chiew, Y-E, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Colonna, S, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Daly, MB, Dao, F, Davies, E, de la Hoya, M, de Putter, R, Dennis, J, DePersia, A, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dork, T, du Bois, A, Durst, M, Eccles, DM, Eliassen, HA, Engel, C, Evans, GD, Fasching, PA, Flanagan, JM, Fortner, RT, Machackova, E, Friedman, E, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, Gensini, F, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goodman, MT, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Hakansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harris, HR, Hartman, M, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, CK, Hopper, JL, Huang, R-Y, Huff, C, Hulick, PJ, Huntsman, DG, Imyanitov, EN, Isaacs, C, Jakubowska, A, James, PA, Janavicius, R, Jensen, A, Johannsson, OT, John, EM, Jones, ME, Kang, D, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kelemen, LE, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kim, B-G, Kjaer, SK, Komenaka, I, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kurian, AW, Kwong, A, Lambrechts, D, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Leslie, G, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Li, L, Li, J, Loud, JT, Lu, KH, Lubinski, J, Mai, PL, Manoukian, S, Marks, JR, Matsuno, RK, Matsuo, K, May, T, McGuffog, L, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, IA, Mebirouk, N, Menon, U, Miller, A, Milne, RL, Minlikeeva, A, Modugno, F, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Munro, E, Nathanson, KL, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Yie, JNY, Nielsen, HR, Nielsen, FC, Nikitina-Zake, L, Odunsi, K, Offit, K, Olah, E, Olbrecht, S, Olopade, OI, Olson, SH, Olsson, H, Osorio, A, Papi, L, Park, SK, Parsons, MT, Pathak, H, Pedersen, IS, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Perez-Segura, P, Permuth, JB, Peshkin, B, Peterlongo, P, Piskorz, A, Prokofyeva, D, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Riggan, MJ, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Antona, C, Ross, E, Rossing, MA, Runnebaum, I, Sandler, DP, Santamarina, M, Soucy, P, Schmutzler, RK, Setiawan, VW, Shan, K, Sieh, W, Simard, J, Singer, CF, Sokolenko, AP, Song, H, Southey, MC, Steed, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sutphen, R, Swerdlow, AJ, Tan, YY, Teixeira, MR, Teo, SH, Terry, KL, Terry, MB, Thomassen, M, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tischkowitz, M, Titus, L, Toland, AE, Torres, D, Trabert, B, Travis, R, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Valen, E, van Altena, AM, van der Hout, AH, Van Nieuwenhuysen, E, van Rensburg, EJ, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vierkant, RA, Wang, F, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Winham, SJ, Wolk, A, Woo, Y-L, Wu, AH, Yan, L, Yannoukakos, D, Zavaglia, KM, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Kleibl, Z, Easton, D, Lawrenson, K, DeFazio, A, Sellers, TA, Ramus, SJ, Pearce, CL, Monteiro, AN, Cunningham, JM, Goode, EL, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, and Pharoah, PDP

Published
2022

43. Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Author

Dareng, EO, Tyrer, JP, Barnes, DR, Jones, MR, Yang, X, Aben, KKH, Adank, MA, Agata, S, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Aravantinos, G, Arun, BK, Augustinsson, A, Balmana, J, Bandera, E, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Bogdanova, N, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brenton, JD, Budzilowska, A, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Cai, H, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Cassingham, H, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chen, K, Chiew, Y-E, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Colonna, S, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Daly, MB, Dao, F, Davies, E, de la Hoya, M, de Putter, R, Dennis, J, DePersia, A, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dork, T, du Bois, A, Durst, M, Eccles, DM, Eliassen, HA, Engel, C, Evans, GD, Fasching, PA, Flanagan, JM, Fortner, R, Machackova, E, Friedman, E, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, Gensini, F, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goodman, MT, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, Group, OS, AOCSGroup, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Hakansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harris, HR, Hartman, M, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, CK, Hopper, JL, Huang, R-Y, Huff, C, Hulick, PJ, Huntsman, DG, Imyanitov, EN, Isaacs, C, Jakubowska, A, James, PA, Janavicius, R, Jensen, A, Johannsson, OT, John, EM, Jones, ME, Kang, D, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kelemen, LE, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kim, B-G, Kjaer, SK, Komenaka, I, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kurian, AW, Kwong, A, Lambrechts, D, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Leslie, G, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Li, L, Li, J, Loud, JT, Lu, KH, Mai, PL, Manoukian, S, Marks, JR, KimMatsuno, R, Matsuo, K, May, T, McGuffog, L, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, IA, Mebirouk, N, Menon, U, Miller, A, Milne, RL, Minlikeeva, A, Modugno, F, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Munro, E, Nathanson, KL, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Yie, JNY, Nielsen, HR, Nielsen, FC, Nikitina-Zake, L, Odunsi, K, Offit, K, Olah, E, Olbrecht, S, Olopade, O, Olson, SH, Olsson, H, Osorio, A, Papi, L, Park, SK, Parsons, MT, Pathak, H, Pedersen, IS, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Perez-Segura, P, Permuth, JB, Peshkin, B, Peterlongo, P, Piskorz, A, Prokofyeva, D, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Riggan, MJ, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Antona, C, Ross, E, Rossing, MA, Runnebaum, I, Sandler, DP, Santamarina, M, Soucy, P, Schmutzler, RK, Setiawan, VW, Shan, K, Sieh, W, Simard, J, Singer, CF, Sokolenko, AP, Song, H, Southey, MC, Steed, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sutphen, R, Swerdlow, AJ, Tan, YY, Teixeira, MR, Teo, SH, Terry, KL, BethTerry, M, Thomassen, M, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tischkowitz, M, Titus, L, Toland, AE, Torres, D, Trabert, B, Travis, R, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Valen, E, van Altena, AM, van der Hout, AH, Nieuwenhuysen, E, van Rensburg, EJ, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vierkant, RA, Wang, F, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Winham, SJ, Wolk, A, Woo, Y-L, Wu, AH, Yan, L, Yannoukakos, D, Zavaglia, KM, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Kleibl, Z, Easton, D, Lawrenson, K, DeFazio, A, Sellers, TA, Ramus, SJ, Pearce, CL, Monteiro, AN, Cunningham, J, Goode, EL, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, Pharoah, PDP, Dareng, EO, Tyrer, JP, Barnes, DR, Jones, MR, Yang, X, Aben, KKH, Adank, MA, Agata, S, Andrulis, IL, Anton-Culver, H, Antonenkova, NN, Aravantinos, G, Arun, BK, Augustinsson, A, Balmana, J, Bandera, E, Barkardottir, RB, Barrowdale, D, Beckmann, MW, Beeghly-Fadiel, A, Benitez, J, Bermisheva, M, Bernardini, MQ, Bjorge, L, Black, A, Bogdanova, N, Bonanni, B, Borg, A, Brenton, JD, Budzilowska, A, Butzow, R, Buys, SS, Cai, H, Caligo, MA, Campbell, I, Cannioto, R, Cassingham, H, Chang-Claude, J, Chanock, SJ, Chen, K, Chiew, Y-E, Chung, WK, Claes, KBM, Colonna, S, Cook, LS, Couch, FJ, Daly, MB, Dao, F, Davies, E, de la Hoya, M, de Putter, R, Dennis, J, DePersia, A, Devilee, P, Diez, O, Ding, YC, Doherty, JA, Domchek, SM, Dork, T, du Bois, A, Durst, M, Eccles, DM, Eliassen, HA, Engel, C, Evans, GD, Fasching, PA, Flanagan, JM, Fortner, R, Machackova, E, Friedman, E, Ganz, PA, Garber, J, Gensini, F, Giles, GG, Glendon, G, Godwin, AK, Goodman, MT, Greene, MH, Gronwald, J, Group, OS, AOCSGroup, Hahnen, E, Haiman, CA, Hakansson, N, Hamann, U, Hansen, TVO, Harris, HR, Hartman, M, Heitz, F, Hildebrandt, MAT, Hogdall, E, Hogdall, CK, Hopper, JL, Huang, R-Y, Huff, C, Hulick, PJ, Huntsman, DG, Imyanitov, EN, Isaacs, C, Jakubowska, A, James, PA, Janavicius, R, Jensen, A, Johannsson, OT, John, EM, Jones, ME, Kang, D, Karlan, BY, Karnezis, A, Kelemen, LE, Khusnutdinova, E, Kiemeney, LA, Kim, B-G, Kjaer, SK, Komenaka, I, Kupryjanczyk, J, Kurian, AW, Kwong, A, Lambrechts, D, Larson, MC, Lazaro, C, Le, ND, Leslie, G, Lester, J, Lesueur, F, Levine, DA, Li, L, Li, J, Loud, JT, Lu, KH, Mai, PL, Manoukian, S, Marks, JR, KimMatsuno, R, Matsuo, K, May, T, McGuffog, L, McLaughlin, JR, McNeish, IA, Mebirouk, N, Menon, U, Miller, A, Milne, RL, Minlikeeva, A, Modugno, F, Montagna, M, Moysich, KB, Munro, E, Nathanson, KL, Neuhausen, SL, Nevanlinna, H, Yie, JNY, Nielsen, HR, Nielsen, FC, Nikitina-Zake, L, Odunsi, K, Offit, K, Olah, E, Olbrecht, S, Olopade, O, Olson, SH, Olsson, H, Osorio, A, Papi, L, Park, SK, Parsons, MT, Pathak, H, Pedersen, IS, Peixoto, A, Pejovic, T, Perez-Segura, P, Permuth, JB, Peshkin, B, Peterlongo, P, Piskorz, A, Prokofyeva, D, Radice, P, Rantala, J, Riggan, MJ, Risch, HA, Rodriguez-Antona, C, Ross, E, Rossing, MA, Runnebaum, I, Sandler, DP, Santamarina, M, Soucy, P, Schmutzler, RK, Setiawan, VW, Shan, K, Sieh, W, Simard, J, Singer, CF, Sokolenko, AP, Song, H, Southey, MC, Steed, H, Stoppa-Lyonnet, D, Sutphen, R, Swerdlow, AJ, Tan, YY, Teixeira, MR, Teo, SH, Terry, KL, BethTerry, M, Thomassen, M, Thompson, PJ, Thomsen, LCV, Thull, DL, Tischkowitz, M, Titus, L, Toland, AE, Torres, D, Trabert, B, Travis, R, Tung, N, Tworoger, SS, Valen, E, van Altena, AM, van der Hout, AH, Nieuwenhuysen, E, van Rensburg, EJ, Vega, A, Edwards, DV, Vierkant, RA, Wang, F, Wappenschmidt, B, Webb, PM, Weinberg, CR, Weitzel, JN, Wentzensen, N, White, E, Whittemore, AS, Winham, SJ, Wolk, A, Woo, Y-L, Wu, AH, Yan, L, Yannoukakos, D, Zavaglia, KM, Zheng, W, Ziogas, A, Zorn, KK, Kleibl, Z, Easton, D, Lawrenson, K, DeFazio, A, Sellers, TA, Ramus, SJ, Pearce, CL, Monteiro, AN, Cunningham, J, Goode, EL, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Chenevix-Trench, G, Gayther, SA, Antoniou, AC, and Pharoah, PDP

Abstract

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have the potential to improve risk stratification. Joint estimation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) effects in models could improve predictive performance over standard approaches of PRS construction. Here, we implemented computationally efficient, penalized, logistic regression models (lasso, elastic net, stepwise) to individual level genotype data and a Bayesian framework with continuous shrinkage, "select and shrink for summary statistics" (S4), to summary level data for epithelial non-mucinous ovarian cancer risk prediction. We developed the models in a dataset consisting of 23,564 non-mucinous EOC cases and 40,138 controls participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) and validated the best models in three populations of different ancestries: prospective data from 198,101 women of European ancestries; 7,669 women of East Asian ancestries; 1,072 women of African ancestries, and in 18,915 BRCA1 and 12,337 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestries. In the external validation data, the model with the strongest association for non-mucinous EOC risk derived from the OCAC model development data was the S4 model (27,240 SNPs) with odds ratios (OR) of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28-1.48, AUC: 0.588) per unit standard deviation, in women of European ancestries; 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08-1.19, AUC: 0.538) in women of East Asian ancestries; 1.38 (95% CI: 1.21-1.58, AUC: 0.593) in women of African ancestries; hazard ratios of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.29-1.43, AUC: 0.592) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.35-1.64, AUC: 0.624) in BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Incorporation of the S4 PRS in risk prediction models for ovarian cancer may have clinical utility in ovarian cancer prevention programs.

Published
2022

44. Gene-Expression Profiling of Mucinous Ovarian Tumors and Comparison with Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Tumors Identifies Markers Associated with Adverse Outcomes

Author

Meagher, NS, Gorringe, KL, Wakefield, M, Bolithon, A, Pang, CNI, Chiu, DS, Anglesio, MS, Mallitt, K-A, Doherty, JA, Harris, HR, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Cushing-Haugen, KL, Chezar, K, Chou, A, Tan, A, Alsop, J, Barlow, E, Beckmann, MW, Boros, J, Bowtell, DDL, Brand, AH, Brenton, JD, Campbell, I, Cheasley, D, Cohen, J, Cybulski, C, Elishaev, E, Erber, R, Farrell, R, Fischer, A, Fu, Z, Gilks, B, Gill, AJ, Gourley, C, Grube, M, Harnett, PR, Hartmann, A, Hettiaratchi, A, Hogdall, CK, Huzarski, T, Jakubowska, A, Jimenez-Linan, M, Kennedy, CJ, Kim, B-G, Kim, J-W, Kim, J-H, Klett, K, Koziak, JM, Lai, T, Laslavic, A, Lester, J, Leung, Y, Li, N, Liauw, W, Lim, BWX, Linder, A, Lubinski, J, Mahale, S, Mateoiu, C, McInerny, S, Menkiszak, J, Minoo, P, Mittelstadt, S, Morris, D, Orsulic, S, Park, S-Y, Pearce, CL, Pearson, J, Pike, MC, Quinn, CM, Mohan, GR, Rao, J, Riggan, MJ, Ruebner, M, Salfinger, S, Scott, CL, Shah, M, Steed, H, Stewart, CJR, Subramanian, D, Sung, S, Tang, K, Timpson, P, Ward, RL, Wiedenhoefer, R, Thorne, H, Cohen, PA, Crowe, P, Fasching, PA, Gronwald, J, Hawkins, NJ, Hogdall, E, Huntsman, DG, James, PA, Karlan, BY, Kelemen, LE, Kommoss, S, Konecny, GE, Modugno, F, Park, SK, Staebler, A, Sundfeldt, K, Wu, AH, Talhouk, A, Pharoah, PDP, Anderson, L, DeFazio, A, Kobel, M, Friedlander, ML, Ramus, SJ, Meagher, NS, Gorringe, KL, Wakefield, M, Bolithon, A, Pang, CNI, Chiu, DS, Anglesio, MS, Mallitt, K-A, Doherty, JA, Harris, HR, Schildkraut, JM, Berchuck, A, Cushing-Haugen, KL, Chezar, K, Chou, A, Tan, A, Alsop, J, Barlow, E, Beckmann, MW, Boros, J, Bowtell, DDL, Brand, AH, Brenton, JD, Campbell, I, Cheasley, D, Cohen, J, Cybulski, C, Elishaev, E, Erber, R, Farrell, R, Fischer, A, Fu, Z, Gilks, B, Gill, AJ, Gourley, C, Grube, M, Harnett, PR, Hartmann, A, Hettiaratchi, A, Hogdall, CK, Huzarski, T, Jakubowska, A, Jimenez-Linan, M, Kennedy, CJ, Kim, B-G, Kim, J-W, Kim, J-H, Klett, K, Koziak, JM, Lai, T, Laslavic, A, Lester, J, Leung, Y, Li, N, Liauw, W, Lim, BWX, Linder, A, Lubinski, J, Mahale, S, Mateoiu, C, McInerny, S, Menkiszak, J, Minoo, P, Mittelstadt, S, Morris, D, Orsulic, S, Park, S-Y, Pearce, CL, Pearson, J, Pike, MC, Quinn, CM, Mohan, GR, Rao, J, Riggan, MJ, Ruebner, M, Salfinger, S, Scott, CL, Shah, M, Steed, H, Stewart, CJR, Subramanian, D, Sung, S, Tang, K, Timpson, P, Ward, RL, Wiedenhoefer, R, Thorne, H, Cohen, PA, Crowe, P, Fasching, PA, Gronwald, J, Hawkins, NJ, Hogdall, E, Huntsman, DG, James, PA, Karlan, BY, Kelemen, LE, Kommoss, S, Konecny, GE, Modugno, F, Park, SK, Staebler, A, Sundfeldt, K, Wu, AH, Talhouk, A, Pharoah, PDP, Anderson, L, DeFazio, A, Kobel, M, Friedlander, ML, and Ramus, SJ

Abstract

PURPOSE: Advanced-stage mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) has poor chemotherapy response and prognosis and lacks biomarkers to aid stage I adjuvant treatment. Differentiating primary MOC from gastrointestinal (GI) metastases to the ovary is also challenging due to phenotypic similarities. Clinicopathologic and gene-expression data were analyzed to identify prognostic and diagnostic features. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Discovery analyses selected 19 genes with prognostic/diagnostic potential. Validation was performed through the Ovarian Tumor Tissue Analysis consortium and GI cancer biobanks comprising 604 patients with MOC (n = 333), mucinous borderline ovarian tumors (MBOT, n = 151), and upper GI (n = 65) and lower GI tumors (n = 55). RESULTS: Infiltrative pattern of invasion was associated with decreased overall survival (OS) within 2 years from diagnosis, compared with expansile pattern in stage I MOC [hazard ratio (HR), 2.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-7.41, P = 0.042]. Increased expression of THBS2 and TAGLN was associated with shorter OS in MOC patients (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.51, P = 0.016) and (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.01-1.45, P = 0.043), respectively. ERBB2 (HER2) amplification or high mRNA expression was evident in 64 of 243 (26%) of MOCs, but only 8 of 243 (3%) were also infiltrative (4/39, 10%) or stage III/IV (4/31, 13%). CONCLUSIONS: An infiltrative growth pattern infers poor prognosis within 2 years from diagnosis and may help select stage I patients for adjuvant therapy. High expression of THBS2 and TAGLN in MOC confers an adverse prognosis and is upregulated in the infiltrative subtype, which warrants further investigation. Anti-HER2 therapy should be investigated in a subset of patients. MOC samples clustered with upper GI, yet markers to differentiate these entities remain elusive, suggesting similar underlying biology and shared treatment strategies.

Published
2022

45. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 promotes ubiquitin-proteasome system-dependent muscle atrophy

Author

Sinam, IS, Chanda, D, Thoudam, T, Kim, M-J, Kim, B-G, Kang, H-J, Lee, JY, Baek, S-H, Kim, S-Y, Shim, BJ, Ryu, D, Jeon, J-H, Lee, I-K, Sinam, IS, Chanda, D, Thoudam, T, Kim, M-J, Kim, B-G, Kang, H-J, Lee, JY, Baek, S-H, Kim, S-Y, Shim, BJ, Ryu, D, Jeon, J-H, and Lee, I-K

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Muscle atrophy, leading to muscular dysfunction and weakness, is an adverse outcome of sustained period of glucocorticoids usage. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this detrimental condition is currently unclear. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), a central regulator of cellular energy metabolism, is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases. The current study was designed to investigated and delineate the role of PDK4 in the context of muscle atrophy, which could be identified as a potential therapeutic avenue to protect against dexamethasone-induced muscle wasting. METHODS: The dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy in C2C12 myotubes was evaluated at the molecular level by expression of key genes and proteins involved in myogenesis, using immunoblotting and qPCR analyses. Muscle dysfunction was studied in vivo in wild-type and PDK4 knockout mice treated with dexamethasone (25 mg/kg body weight, i.p., 10 days). Body weight, grip strength, muscle weight and muscle histology were assessed. The expression of myogenesis markers were analysed using qPCR, immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation. The study was extended to in vitro human skeletal muscle atrophy analysis. RESULTS: Knockdown of PDK4 was found to prevent glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy and dysfunction in C2C12 myotubes, which was indicated by induction of myogenin (0.3271 ± 0.102 vs 2.163 ± 0.192, ****P < 0.0001) and myosin heavy chain (0.3901 ± 0.047 vs. 0.7222 ± 0.082, **P < 0.01) protein levels and reduction of muscle atrophy F-box (10.77 ± 2.674 vs. 1.518 ± 0.172, **P < 0.01) expression. In dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy model, mice with genetic ablation of PDK4 revealed increased muscle strength (162.1 ± 22.75 vs. 200.1 ± 37.09 g, ***P < 0.001) and muscle fibres (54.20 ± 11.85% vs. 84.07 ± 28.41%, ****P < 0.0001). To explore the mechanism, we performed coimmunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectro

Published
2022

50. Physics of Microyield of Magnesium Alloys with Titanium

Author

V. G. Tkachenko, K. H. Kim, B. G. Moon, O. I. Dekhtyar, O. P. Karasevska, O. S. Vovchok

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Softening effect of grain-boundary sliding (GBS) in h.c.p. α-Mg polycrystals arises in the stress–temperature ranges of interest for automotive applications. Furthermore, decomposition of the oversaturated α-Mg solid solution is accompanied by apparition of a microstructure, which is unstable during a creep. These two main effects deteriorate most likely the microyield resistance and long-term strength of magnesium alloys of Mg–Al–Mn and Mg– Al–Zn systems. According to the data of internal-friction measurements, the introduction of Ca suppresses GBS that gives rise to the GB strengthening of the ternary Mg–Al–Ca system. An introduction of small additions of Ti (about 0.1–0.2%) causes significant solid-solution strengthening due to solute-atmosphere retardation of moving dislocations by the Cottrell mechanism with binding energy of about 0.27 eV. The idea of dynamical self-strengthening of α-Mg matrix during the creep is also supported by precise x-ray diffractometry. As deduced, observed high microyield resistance and excellent long-term strength of the magnesium alloys of Mg–Al–Ca system containing inexpensive additions of Ti are due to minimizing recovery and softening effects at elevated temperatures at the expense of thermal phase-composition and concentration stabilization of α-Mg solid solution. Thermally-activated dislocation relaxation accommodated by the diffusion of alloying elements (Al, Ca, Ti in their best combination) should be considered as dominant (rate-controlled) microyield mechanism, which provides creep strain rate of 10^−9–10^−10 1/s. Its activation increases essentially (by 150–200°C) the heat resistivity of new experimental alloys.

Published
2010
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