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1,042 results on '"Kilpatrick, Dean G."'

17. Bounce Back Now! Protocol of a population-based randomized controlled trial to examine the efficacy of a Web-based intervention with disaster-affected families

Author

Ruggiero, Kenneth J., Davidson, Tatiana M., McCauley, Jenna, Gros, Kirstin Stauffacher, Welsh, Kyleen, Price, Matthew, Resnick, Heidi S., Danielson, Carla Kmett, Soltis, Kathryn, Galea, Sandro, Kilpatrick, Dean G., Saunders, Benjamin E., Nissenboim, Josh, Muzzy, Wendy, Fleeman, Anna, and Amstadter, Ananda B.

Published
2015
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19. Prevalence and Mental Health Outcomes of Homicide Survivors in a Representative US Sample of Adolescents: Data from the 2005 National Survey of Adolescents

Author

Rheingold, Alyssa A., Zinzow, Heidi, Hawkins, Alesia, Saunders, Benjamin E., and Kilpatrick, Dean G.

Abstract

Background: Each homicide leaves behind several friends and family members, or homicide survivors. However, limited information is available on the impact of homicide on adolescent survivors. The purpose of the current study was to identify the prevalence of homicide survivorship and to determine mental health outcomes within a sample of US adolescent survivors. Methods: A nationally representative sample of American adolescents (N = 3,614) between the ages of 12 and 17 completed structured telephone interviews assessing homicide survivorship and mental health consequences including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, drug use, and alcohol abuse. Results: Reported prevalence within this sample of losing a loved one to criminal homicide was 9%, losing a loved one to vehicular homicide was 7%, and losing a loved one to both types of homicide was 2%. Logistic regression analyses found that adolescents who reported being homicide survivors were significantly more likely to report depression, drug use, and alcohol abuse after controlling for demographic factors and other violence exposure. Conclusions: If the results from this study are generalizable to the US population, roughly 1 in 5 American adolescents may be impacted by homicide. Further, adolescents exposed to such a loss are at increased risk for mental health sequelae. Results suggest that greater attention needs to be paid to address the needs of these often underserved victims.

Published
2012
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20. Prevalence and Correlates of Elder Mistreatment in South Carolina: The South Carolina Elder Mistreatment Study

Author

Amstadter, Ananda B., Zajac, Kristyn, Strachan, Martha, Hernandez, Melba A., Kilpatrick, Dean G., and Acierno, Ron

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to (a) derive prevalence estimates for elder mistreatment (emotional, physical, sexual, neglectful, and financial mistreatment of older adults [age 60 +]) in a randomly selected sample of South Carolinians; (b) examine correlates (i.e., potential risk factors) of mistreatment; and (c) examine incident characteristics of mistreatment events. Random Digit Dialing (RDD) was used to derive a representative sample in terms of age and gender; computer-assisted telephone interviewing was used to standardize collection of demographic, correlate, and mistreatment data. Prevalence estimates and mistreatment correlates were obtained and subjected to logistic regression. A total of 902 participants provided data. Prevalence for mistreatment types (since age 60) were 12.9% emotional, 2.1% physical, 0.3% sexual, 5.4% potential neglect, and 6.6% financial exploitation by family member. The most consistent correlates of mistreatment across abuse types were low social support and needing assistance with daily living activities. One in 10 participants reported either emotional, physical, sexual, or neglectful mistreatment within the past year, and 2 in 10 reported mistreatment since age 60. Across categories, the most consistent correlate of mistreatment was low social support, representing an area toward which preventive intervention may be directed with significant public health implications. (Contains 6 tables.)

Published
2011
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27. Violence against Women

Author

Dutton, Mary Ann, Kilpatrick, Dean G., Friedman, Merle, Patel, Vikram, Marsella, Anthony, editor, Green, Bonnie L., editor, Friedman, Matthew J., editor, de Jong, Joop T. V. M., editor, Solomon, Susan D., editor, Keane, Terence M., editor, Fairbank, John A., editor, Donelan, Brigid, editor, Frey-Wouters, Ellen, editor, and Danieli, Yael, editor

Published
2003
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30. Rape and Sexual Assault

Author

Koss, Mary P., Kilpatrick, Dean G., Meichenbaum, Donald, editor, Gerrity, Ellen, editor, Tuma, Farris, editor, and Keane, Terence M., editor

Published
2001
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32. Description of an Early Intervention to Prevent Substance Abuse and Psychopathology in Recent Rape Victims

Author

Resnick, Heidi, Acierno, Ron, and Kilpatrick, Dean G.

Abstract

Approximately 683,000 adult women are raped each year. Only one in seven of these victims report the assault to police and receive forensic exams and other professional services. For many rape victims, this may be the only professional contact with service providers; however these services are typically limited to evidence collection and prophylactic STD treatment. Yet this exam also presents a unique opportunity for a preventive intervention to help prepare women to cope with potential stress related to rape-exam procedures and to address potential post rape psycho-pathology. This article reviews psychological interventions for trauma victims used in the acute post rape time frame and provides data from an ongoing clinical trial that evaluates delivery of a preventive intervention for victims presenting for forensic rape exams.

Published
2005
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33. What Is Violence Against Women? Defining and Measuring the Problem

Author

Kilpatrick, Dean G.

Abstract

Violence against women (VAW) is a prevalent problem with substantial physical and mental health consequences throughout the world, and sound public policy is dependent on having good measures of VAW. This article (a) describes and contrasts criminal justice and public health approaches toward defining VAW, (b) identifies major controversies concerning measurement of VAW, (c) summarizes basic principles in identifying and measuring VAW cases, and (d) recommends changes to improve measurement of VAW. In addition to reviewing recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Workshop on Building Data Systems for Monitoring and Responding to Violence Against Women and the World Health Organization World Report on Violence and Health, the article concludes that changes are needed in the FBI Uniform Crime Reports and National Crime Victimization Survey to improve measurement of rape and sexual assault.

Published
2004
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37. Violent Crime and Mental Health

Author

Hanson, Rochelle F., Kilpatrick, Dean G., Falsetti, Sherry A., Resnick, Heidi S., Meichenbaum, Donald, editor, Freedy, John R., editor, and Hobfoll, Stevan E., editor

Published
1997
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44. PTSD and Vietnam Veterans [with Responses]

Author

Vermetten, Eric, Bremner, James D., Skelton, Leigh, Spiegel, David, Kilpatrick, Dean G., Buckley, Todd C., Frueh, B. Christopher, McNally, Richard J., Dohrenwend, Bruce P., Turner, J. Blake, Turse, Nicholas A., Adams, Ben G., Koenen, Karestan C., and Marshall, Randall

Published
2007

46. Personality Correlates of Polydrug Abuse.

Author

Kilpatrick, Dean G.

Abstract

Although the personality correlates of heroin addiction, LSD use, and marijuana smoking have been frequently investigated, relatively few data are available to describe the personality or lifestyle variables correlated with the pattern of polydrug abuse. In an attempt to gather such information, 17 polydrug users, selected from a group of 224 young adult, male, hospitalized veterans were matched for socioeconomic class and age with 17 controls who reported no experience with drugs of any kind. Comparison of the two groups on several personality measures showed significant differences on indices of neuroticism, sensation-seeking, and state anxiety. On the basis of personality characteristics, veterans could be classified into drug usage categories with 97.05 percent accuracy. (Author)

Published
1974

47. Mental Health Consequences of Criminal Victimization: A Random Community Survey.

Author

Kilpatrick, Dean G.

Abstract

Crime victims and their problems have become the focus of considerable attention. In order to determine the effects of sexual assault versus other types of violent crime, and of completed crimes versus those attempted but not completed, 2,004 adult women (a response rate of 84.1%) completed telephone inteviews with female interviewers. Subjects were contacted using random digit dialing. On the basis of their responses to screening questions, respondents were classified into victimization groups ranging from completed forcible rape to aggravated assault to nonvictims, and then were asked questions relating to their overall mental health. The results indicated that victims of violent crimes other than rape experienced some of the same mental health problems (nervous breakdowns, suicide attempts) experienced by victims of rape and sexual molestation. However, the victms of rape and attempted molestation were found to have problems more frequently than other types of victims. While the mental health consequences of completed rape were found to be much worse than attempted rape, attempted molestation and attempted robbery had more negative mental health consequences than did the completed crimes. There was strong evidence that victimization had a profound negative impact on the mental health of victims, and that the majority of these problems came after the victimization experience. (LLL)

Published
1984

48. Predicting the Impact of a Stressful Life Experience: Criminal Victimization.

Author

Kilpatrick, Dean G.

Abstract

Because violent crime may produce persistent stress-related problems for many victims, it is important to determine what factors best predict development and persistence of stress-related problems. A study was conducted to examine the extent to which development and persistence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) could be predicted on the basis of the victim's demographic characteristics, objective indicators of the crime's dangerousness, the victim's cognitive appraisal of the crime's dangerousness, the type of crime experienced, and the cumulative impact of crimes occurring throughout the victim's lifetime. Subjects were 295 women who had been victims of one or more crimes of rape, attempted rape, molestation, attempted molestation, other sexual assault, aggravated assault, robbery, or burglary. Objective and subjective indicators of dangerousness were reported for subjects' first victimization, most recent victimization, and worst victimization. For subjects who had experienced more than one crime, a cumulative lifetime index of victimization effects was created. Subjects also reported demographic data and were classified by a clinical psychologist as having had PTSD, never having had PTSD, currently having PTSD, or currently PTSD-free. Analysis of data revealed that: (1) developing PTSD could be predicted by type of crime, objective threat, and cognitive appraisal of threat; (2) rape appeared to be more stressful than other crimes and to have more persistent effects; and (3) type of threat and number of rapes both had a positive cumulative effect on the probability that PTSD would be developed and sustained. (NB)

Published
1986

49. PTSD as a Mediator between Childhood Rape and Alcohol Use in Adult Women.

Author

Epstein, Jeffery N., Saunders, Benjamin E., and Kilpatrick, Dean G.

Abstract

Women (N=3,213) were interviewed initially, and again a year later, concerning childhood rape history, lifetime symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and lifetime alcohol use. Analysis found a history of childhood rape doubled the number of alcohol-abuse symptoms that women experienced in adulthood, suggesting that PTSD symptomatology may be a mediating variable affecting alcohol-abuse patterns. (DB)

Published
1998

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