1. New material of Parabrachyodus hyopotamoides from Samane Nala, Bugti Hills (Pakistan) and the origin of Merycopotamini (Mammalia: Hippopotamoidea)
- Author
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Killian Gernelle, Fabrice Lihoreau, Jean-Renaud Boisserie, Laurent Marivaux, Grégoire MéTais, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire de paléontologie, évolution, paléoécosystèmes, paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM ), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Français des Études Ethiopiennes (CFEE), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-15-CE32-0010,SPLASH,hiStoire évolutive d'une niche écologique PoLyvalente: les grands cétArtiodactyles Semiaquatiques et Herbivores(2015)
- Subjects
Early Miocene ,Bothriodontinae ,Dental morphology ,Anthracotheres ,Biodiversity ,Anthracotheriidae ,[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy ,Cladistics ,Mammalia ,[SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology ,Animalia ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Polymorphism ,Chordata ,[SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Taxonomy ,Artiodactyla - Abstract
Revision of the anthracothere Parabrachyodus hyopotamoides, endemic to the Lower Miocene of the Indian subcontinent and thus far confused with Brachyodus, is made possible by the description of unpublished specimens from the Samane Nala fossil-bearing deposits of the Bugti Hills (Pakistan). This is the first biochronologically constrained occurrence for a comprehensive series of this species. The analysis of cranial and dental morphological variations based on all known specimens of Parabrachyodus allows us to provide diagnostic characters for this monotypic genus. These include a four-crested upper molar protocone unique among artiodactyls and several convergences with subfamily Anthracotheriinae, like the two puzzling distal cristae on the last upper premolar protocone. A phylogenetic analysis at the hippopotamoid level, including Parabrachyodus and the enigmatic genera Telmatodon and Gonotelma (both also endemic to the Bugti Hills), is performed for the first time. These phylogenetically related taxa turn out to be basal to the tribe Merycopotamini, leading us to propose a more inclusive definition of the diagnosis of this tribe. Our results formally establish Elomeryx as the sister-group of Merycopotamini in Bothriodontinae, and definitely locate the early evolutionary history of Merycopotamini on the Indian subcontinent.
- Published
- 2023
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