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WOS: 000455908800007, PubMed ID: 30745939, OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to detect the prevalence and the factors associated with influenza and pneumococcal vaccination and outcomes of vaccination during 2013-2014 season in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Turkey. METHODS: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study performed in 53 different centers in Turkey. RESULTS: During the study period, 4968 patients were included. COPD was staged as GOLD 1-2-3-4 in 9.0%, 42.8%, 35.0%, and 13.2% of the patients, respectively. Influenza vaccination rate in the previous year was 37.9%; and pneumococcus vaccination rate, at least once during in a life time, was 13.3%. Patients with older age, higher level of education, more severe COPD, and comorbidities, ex-smokers, and patients residing in urban areas had higher rates of influenza vaccination. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, higher education levels, presence of comorbidities, higher COPD stages, and exacerbation rates were associated with both influenza and pneumococcal vaccination. The number of annual physician/outpatient visits and hospitalizations due to COPD exacerbation was 2.73 +/- 2.85 and 0.92 +/- 1.58 per year, respectively. Patients with older age, lower education levels, more severe COPD, comorbid diseases, and lower body mass index and patients who are male and are residing in rural areas and vaccinated for influenza had significantly higher rates of COPD exacerbation. CONCLUSIONS: The rates of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in COPD patients were quite low, and the number of annual physician/outpatient visits and hospitalizations due to COPD exacerbation was high in Turkey. Advanced age, higher education levels, comorbidities, and higher COPD stages were associated with both influenza and pneumococcal vaccination.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to detect the prevalence and the factors associated with influenza and pneumococcal vaccination and outcomes of vaccination during 2013-2014 season in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Turkey.

There are only a few studies in the literature investigating the effects of gestational age on developmental dysplasia of the hip. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of gestational age on hip ultrasound findings in the early neonatal period in preterm newborns born between 30th and 36th weeks of gestational age. Between January 2008 and December 2013, a total of 788 hips of 394 premature newborns with a gestational age of up to 36th weeks who underwent hip ultrasonography in the first week of their life were retrospectively examined. The distribution of roof angles and hip types in terms of sexes was compared between groups. Birth weight, birth height, a, and beta angles were analyzed in terms of the gestational age. The mean gestational age was 33.07 weeks (SD 2.09; between 30th and 36th). Six hundred and seven hips were classified as type I, 154 as type IIa, 21 as type IIc, and 6 as type III. In the 30th week, type IIc hips in females and type III hips in males were statistically significantly higher (P=0.001). In the 34th week, type IIc hips in males were statistically significantly higher than the females (P=0.013). In the 35th week, type IIa hips in females hips were statistically significantly higher than the males (P=0.008). Among all preterm infants, type IIc hips were more common in the 30th, 31st, 32nd, and 34th weeks, whereas type III hips were statistically significantly more common in the 30th week (P=0.0001). The 30th, 31st, 32nd, and 34th weeks of age are gestational ages that should be considered in terms of dysplastic and subluxed hips in premature newborns. Copyright (C) 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Off-farm income constitutes a significant share of the household livelihood portfolios across Sub-Saharan Africa. Yet, the determinants of and dynamics in individuals participation in off-farm activities have not received adequate attention due to the broader weaknesses in individual-level data collection and the lack of longitudinal studies that track individuals over time. This paper uses national panel survey data from Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda; provides recent empirical evidence on off-farm employment participation rates; and analyzes the drivers of entry into employment and continued employment. The analysis is conducted across gender, and across rural and urban areas. A significant share of the population participates in employment. Men participate in wage and self-employment to a greater extent compared to women across time as well as within and across countries, with the exception of women s rural non-farm entrepreneurship being more common in Ethiopia and Nigeria. The participation shares are static over time, with only marginal increases in Malawi and Tanzania. However, a substantial share enters and exits employment over time, pointing to the dynamic nature of employment. Drivers of entry into employment and continued employment are country-specific, with initial asset holdings, occurrence of shocks and social factors as most important determinants. Acknowledgement : We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Research Foundation - Flanders and the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study - Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA).

Research has provided robust evidence for the use of GPS as the new, scalable gold-standard in land area measurement in household surveys. Nonetheless, facing budget constraints, survey agencies often measure with GPS only plots within a given radius of dwelling locations. It is, subsequently, common for significant shares of plots not to be measured, and research has highlighted the selection biases resulting from using incomplete data. This study relies on nationally-representative, multi-topic household survey data from Malawi and Ethiopia with near-negligible missingness in GPS-based plot areas to validate the accuracy of a Multiple Imputation (MI) model for predicting missing GPS-based plot areas in household surveys. The analysis randomly creates missingness among plots beyond two operationally-relevant distance measures from the dwelling locations, conducts MI for each artificially-created dataset, and compares the distributions of the imputed plot-level outcomes, namely area and agricultural productivity, with the distributions of their true, observed counterparts. MI procedure results in imputed yields that are statistically undistinguishable from the true distributions with up to 82% and 56% missingness, respectively for Malawi and Ethiopia, for plots located more than 1 kilometer away from dwellings. The study highlights the promise of using MI for reliably predicting missing GPS-based plot areas. Acknowledgement : The authors thank Tomoki Fujii and Alberto Zezza, Heather Moylan for their comments on the earlier versions of this paper.

Ceteris paribus, a 10 per cent increase in on-farm income share increases food consumption per capita by 2.9 per cent, calorie intake per capita per day by 1.7 per cent, and leads to small improvements in dietary diversity. There are significant differences in the relationship between on-farm income shares and caloric shares: a positive and significant relationship with the shares from energy-dense and low-protein cereals and grains, but not significant with shares from nuts/pulses and sugars. Negative relationships are found with shares from roots/tubers, vegetables/fruits, oils/fats and meat/fish/milk. While food consumption and dietary diversity increase with agricultural involvement, the quality of diets is an issue. As purchased calories are associated with richer/high-quality diets, particularly rich in protein, households with lower dependency on agriculture access those diets more easily. This highlights the importance of income diversification to dietary diversity. It also calls for the development and support of nutrition-sensitive agricultural value chains, nutrition education and crop diversification programmes to improve household food and nutrition security.

WOS: 000342868000002, 7-epicandicandiol is an ent-kaurane diterpenoid isolated from Sideritis niveotomentosa Huber - Morathii. The molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies, and gauge including atomic orbital (GIAO) H-1- and C-13-NMR chemical shift values of the title compound in the ground state have been calculated using the Hartree-Fock and Density Functional Theory methods with the 6-31G(d) basis set, and compared with the experimental data. A detailed interpretations of the infrared and NMR spectra of 7-epicandicandiol are also reported. The results of the calculations were applied to unscaled theoretical wavenumbers of the title compound, which show good agreement with observed spectra., TUBITAK [TBAG-105T430], The authors wish to thank TUBITAK (Grant Number: TBAG-105T430) for generous financial supports.

The East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ) represents plate boundary extending currently over ~500 km between the Arabian and Anatolian plates. Relative motion of the plates occurs with slip rates ranging from 6 to 10 mm/yr and has resulted in destructive earthquakes in Eastern Turkey as documented by historical records. In this study, we investigate the seismic activity of several fault segments of the EAFZ as well as their interaction. We combine data from all available regional seismic stations operated by the Kandilli Observatory Earthquake Research Institute and the Directorate of Disaster Affairs to achieve the best possible azimuthal coverage for the target region. We optimize a reference 1-D velocity model using a grid-search approach and re-locate hypocenters using the Double- Difference earthquake relocation technique. The refined hypocenter map provides insights into the kinematics and internal deformation within the fault zone down to a resolution ranging typically between 100-200 m. The distribution of hypocenters suggests that the EAFZ is characterized by NE-SW and EW oriented sub-segments that slightly deviate from the overall trend of the fault zone. The main fault is surrounded by sub-parallel aligned hypocenters possibly representing subsidiary faults. Structural variation along the EAFZ significantly affects faulting mechanisms along the fault that indicate predominantly left-lateral strike slip which turns into normal/thrust faulting depending on the strike of local fault segments. Spatiotemporal evolution of hypocenters indicates a systematic migration of micro- and moderate-sized earthquakes within several days documenting progressive interaction between the main fault and subsidiary faults.

Acetone extract of Sideritis trojana and ent-kaurene diterpenoids 7-epicandicandiol, and 18-acetylsideroxol showed toxicity against Acanthoscelides obtectus and Sitophilus granarius while 7-epicandicandiol diacetate showed toxicity against Ephestia kuehniella. The P-values' tests were carried in order to show statistical significance of dose and time against insects. Insecticidal activity increased with amount of doses for A. obtectus, however it did not increase with time. The similar results were observed for Sitophilus granarius while the mortality percentages of E. kuehniella increased with both amount of doses and time, however, after 96th hour, toxicity of compounds almost did not change oil the latter insect. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Sideroxol (1), a kaurane diterpene which has the ent-7 alpha,18-dihydroxy-15 beta,16 beta-epoxykaurane structure (MW = 320.47, C20H32O3) was obtained from the acetone extract of Sideritis leptoclada plant as well as from some other Sideritis species. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2(1), 2(1), 2(1) with a = 10.967(3), b = 24.555(5), c = 6.372(4) angstrom, Dc = 1.240 g cm(-3), Z = 4, and refines to R = 0.065 for 721 independent reflections. The skeleton consists of three fused six-membered rings and a five-membered ring with fused epoxide. The six membered rings exhibited slightly distorted chair conformation. In addition to sideroxol, two kaurane and five kaurene diterpenes were isolated from the hexane and acetone extracts of the studied plant.