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The aim of this study was to afford pre-service mathematics teachers with the opportunity to work with a pair of students for a semester and reflect on their own practices and students' performances. Seven pre-service teachers were matched with seven pairs of sixth graders, and they worked with them for 12 weeks. The data was collected through pre and post interviews with pre-service teachers, videos of their interactions with students, and their written reflections on these interactions. The analysis of videos and written reflections revealed that pre-service teachers benefitted from this setting such that they got better in communicating with students, estimating students' performances and providing appropriate scaffolding for students' understanding. During the post interviews pre-service teachers also noted that working closely with students helped them to learn about students' mathematical thinking and understanding as well as improve their teaching skills.

Introduction: In this study, we aimed to determine the values of anthropometric measurements and rates used in the evaluation of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in our country. Materials and Methods: Twenty accredited sleep centers in thirteen provinces participated in this multicenter prospective study. OSAS symptoms and polysomnographic examination and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >= 5 cases OSAS study group; patients with AHI

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Brake fillings are among the most wearing parts in motor vehicles. The market of the brake fillings, having a high consumption rate, is also quite fast. Therefore, manufacturing companies compete all the time in terms of quality and market. These companies keep the required available information and research and development activities deal with brake filling production in strict confidence. What is expected from a brake lining is to provide minimal friction and abrasion values, not to damage the human health and environment, to economise and to contribute to national economy. In our study performed in accordance with these purposes, instead of barite as brake filling component, granite powder additive brake linings were manufactured by means of providing granite powder from our country. Besides, granite powder, which is an industrial waste material was used instead of barite as a filling material, and also its braking characteristics was studied. © 2018 Scibulcom Ltd. All rights reserved. :106M006 This research is funded by the Scientific & Technological Research Council of TURKEY (TÜBİTAK) (Grant Reference No:106M006). The authors wish to acknowledge the TÜBİTAK and our partner organizations for their support.

Teacher knowledge involves various knowledge domains such as content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge that are required for teaching. Teacher education programs should provide opportunities for improvement of professional knowledge and skills for preservice teachers. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the level of preservice teachers' perception about teacher knowledge and investigate how it differs with respect to some variables such as gender, department, class, academic achievement and career planning. A total of 315 preservice teachers (109 male, 206 female) from four different universities participated in this study. The data was collected through a 24-item Perception About Teacher Knowledge Scale. The reliability coefficient of the scale was found to be.93. The factor analysis revealed that teacher knowledge can be explained by five knowledge domains: Pedagogical Knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Curriculum Knowledge, Content Knowledge and Knowledge of Students. The findings indicated that preservice teachers' perception about their own teacher knowledge is high and that perception varies with respect to preservice teachers' class, career planning and their perception about the quality of the undergraduate program that they enrolled in. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

This research was performed in order to study and diagnose Potato virus Y, Potyvirus (PVY), Potato virus X, Potexvirus (PVX), Potato virus S, Carlavirus (PVS), Potato virus A, Potyvirus (PVA) and Potato leaf roll Luteo virus (PLRV) on tubers and leaves of different potato varieties, namely, Solea, Safran, Floris, Proventa, Milva, Universa, Lady olympia, Vangogh, and Marabel grown in Afyon region of Turkey. For this purpose, potato tubers from different varieties were obtained from Afyon region producers during 2009-2010 and they were planted in the trial plots in Isparta region of Turkey. One hundred sixty nine samples were taken from the leaves showing virus symptoms in the vegetation period and 109 samples were taken from the tubers of suspicious plants in the harvest period. Total of 278 samples were tested by using double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) method. The DAS-ELISA analysis revealed that both tubers and leaves were infected with PVY, PVX, PVS, PVA and PLRV. It was determined that 87.45% (244 samples) of the tested samples were infected with one or more viruses and 12.54% (34 samples) of them gave negative reaction with DAS-ELISA. Regarding the prevalence of viruses among the potato varieties in this study, it was found that all samples belonging to Safrane and Milva varieties were infected with one or more viruses. Besides, other potato varieties showed different rates of virus infection. In the mechanical inoculation tests, serious stunting, systemic chlorosis and leaf deformation symptoms were observed on N. glutinosa, while symptoms such as mottling, leaf distortion, chlorotic and necrotic local lesions were observed on the leaves of other test plants.

The focus of this paper is to present some of the findings emerged from a study investigating the development of preservice mathematics teachers' pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in a methods course and its associated field experience. Six preservice teachers participated in the study and the data were collected in the forms of observations, interviews and written documents. The analysis of data revealed that preservice teachers' knowledge of subject matter was influential on the development of their PCK. European Soc Res Math Educ

… Int Grp Psychol Math Educ, CNPq, CAPES, FAPEMIG, Routledge, Taylor & Francis, Springer Publishing Co, Autent Editors, Sense Publishers

Teachers need to be equipped with various knowledge and skills to establish and maintain effective teaching environments that enable them to enhance students' understanding and learning. Knowledge of students is one of the components of teachers' professional knowledge and it is defined as teachers' knowledge of what mathematical concepts are difficult for students to grasp, which concepts students typically have misconceptions about, possible sources of students' errors, and how to eliminate those difficulties and misconceptions. The purpose of the study was to investigate the nature of preservice mathematics teachers' knowledge of students. Six preservice teachers participated in the study and the data were collected in the forms of observations, interviews and written documents. The findings revealed that preservice teachers had difficulty in both identifying the source of students' misconceptions, and errors and generating effective ways to eliminate such misconceptions. They frequently failed to recognize what conceptual knowledge the students were lacking and they inclined to address students' errors by telling how to carry out the procedure or apply the rule to solve the given problem correctly. Therefore, preservice teachers should be given opportunities 1) to take content-specific courses that they have opportunity to discuss fundamental high school mathematics concepts in detail to gain a solid understanding of how mathematical concepts are related and why mathematical rules and procedures work and 2) to analyze an act of teaching by watching videos of classrooms or discussing a student work and classroom cases to determine how to address students' errors and misconceptions. © 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. 1st World Conference on Learning, Teaching and Administration, WCLTA-2010 -- 29 October 2010 through 31 October 2010 -- Cairo

The aim of this study was to determine whether vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) and vancomycin intermediate susceptible S.aureus (VISA) strains were present among methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA) strains isolated from patients hospitalised at intensive care units (ICU) of hospitals located at different regions of Turkey and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of teicoplanin, linezolid, tigecycline, quinupristin-dalfopristin and daptomycin, which are alternative drugs for the treatment of MRSA infections. A total of 260 MRSA clinical strains (isolated from 113 lower respiratory tract, 90 blood, 24 wound, 17 catheter, 13 nasal swabs, two urine and one CSF sample) were collected from nine health-care centers in eight provinces [Ankara (n=52), Konya (n=49), Antalya (n=40), Istanbul (n=7), Izmir (37), Diyarbakir (n=15), Van (n=12), Trabzon (n=48)] selected as representatives of the seven different geographical regions of Turkey. Methicillin resistance was determined by cefoxitin disk diffusion in the hospitals where the strains were isolated and confirmed by oxacillin salt agar screening at the Refik Saydam National Public Health Agency. Screening for VISA and VRSA was conducted using the agar screening test and E-test. Susceptibility of the MRSA strains to other antibiotics was also determined by E-test method. None of the 260 MRSA strains were determined to be VRSA or VISA. All were susceptible to teicoplanin and linezolid, and susceptibility rates to daptomycin, tigecycline and quinupristin-dalfopristin were 99.6%, 96.9%, and 95%, respectively. Absence of VISA and VRSA among the MRSA strains surveyed currently seemed hopeful, however, continuous surveillance is necessary. In order to prevent the development of VISA and VRSA strains the use of linezolid, tigecycline, quinupristin-dalfopristin and daptomycin should be encouraged as alternative agents of treatment of MRSA infections.

In this study, a series of laboratory tests on 100-mm-diameter high-density polyethylene (HDPE) 100 PE flexible pipe buried in poorly graded Sile quartz sand with different relative densities are described. The laboratory tests were performed in a 40-mm-thick plexiglass fronted test tank that replicated a classical trench section in field conditions. The HDPE flexible pipe was positioned against the glass with its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the glass. This allowed direct observation of the backfillpipe interactions. Three high-definition photogrammetric cameras were used to capture the photogrammetric images through the glass allowing the discrete measurement and image processing of the deformation patterns of the pipe conduit during the pipe installation and incremental surcharge loading. Vertical loads were applied in increments of 10150 kPa using air pressure membranes. Electric resistant strain gauges measured the bending moments of the pipe walls under vertical surcharge loadings. For each loading step, the vertical deformation of the pipe crown was also measured using linear position transducers. According to the test results, it is understood that the installation technique and backfill relative density have an important effect on circumferential strains, performance, and deformation characteristics of HDPE pipes. It was also observed that close-range image processing is a very simple and appropriate method for measuring three-dimensional pipe deformations under various conditions.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a nasal infectious pathogen which is becoming of significant importance year by year. Mortality, morbidity and treatment costs of MRSA infectionshave all increased. The most effective preventative tool is rapid confirmation of MRSA existence, followed by efficient execution of the required infection control measures. This study was performedwith the aim of evaluating MRSA colonization in health care staff from intensive care units (internal and surgical intensive care units) (ICUs) and how certain risk factors affect their colonization status. The study was conducted prospectively using samples obtained from nasal swabs of health-care staffs working in different missions in the intensive care unit of Gaziantep University Training Hospital in southeast of Turkey. The nasal swab samples were processed using a real-time PCR method platformcalled GeneXpert (Cepheid). Our PCR screen revealed the presence of MRSA in 14 of 98 health-care staffs. Of these 14 health-care staffs carrying nasal MRSA, 10 were male, 8 were assistant health-care personnel and 11 have been working for over one year in the intensive care unit. Our data showed that male gender and an employment during of more than one year served as significant risk factors for nasal MRSA colonization.