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3. Preparing for InSight: Evaluation of the Blind Test for Martian Seismicity

Author

Swiss National Science Foundation, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Swiss National Supercomputing Centre, Schimmel, Martin [0000-0003-2601-4462], van Driel, M., Ceylan, S., Clinton, John F., Giardini, Domenico, Alemany, H., Allam, A., Ambrois, David, Balestra, J., Banerdt, B., Becker, D., Böse, M., Boxberg, M. S., Brinkman, N., Casademont, T., Chèze, Jérôme, Daubar, I., Deschamps, Anne, Dethof, F., Ditz, M., Drilleau, M., Essing, D., Euchner, F., Fernando, B., García, Raphael, Garth, T., Godwin, H, Golombek, M. P., Grunert, Klaus G., Hadziioannou, C., Haindl, C., Hammer, C., Hochfeld, I., Hosseini, K., Hu, Hao, Kedar, S., Kenda, B., Khan, A., Kilchling, T., Knapmeyer‐Endrun, Brigitte, Lamert, A., Li, J. X., Lognonné, P., Mader, S., Marten, L., Mehrkens, F., Mercerat, D., Mimoun, D., Moller, T., Murdoch, N., Neumann, P., Neurath, R., Paffrath, M., Panning, M.P., Peix, F., Perrin, L., Rolland, L., Schimmel, Martin, Schroer, C., Spiga, A., Stahler, S. C., Steinmann, R., Stutzmann, E., Szenicer, A., Trumpik, N., Tsekhmistrenko, M., Twardzik, C., Weber, R., Werdenbach-Jarklowski, P., Zhang, S., Zheng, Y. C., Swiss National Science Foundation, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Swiss National Supercomputing Centre, Schimmel, Martin [0000-0003-2601-4462], van Driel, M., Ceylan, S., Clinton, John F., Giardini, Domenico, Alemany, H., Allam, A., Ambrois, David, Balestra, J., Banerdt, B., Becker, D., Böse, M., Boxberg, M. S., Brinkman, N., Casademont, T., Chèze, Jérôme, Daubar, I., Deschamps, Anne, Dethof, F., Ditz, M., Drilleau, M., Essing, D., Euchner, F., Fernando, B., García, Raphael, Garth, T., Godwin, H, Golombek, M. P., Grunert, Klaus G., Hadziioannou, C., Haindl, C., Hammer, C., Hochfeld, I., Hosseini, K., Hu, Hao, Kedar, S., Kenda, B., Khan, A., Kilchling, T., Knapmeyer‐Endrun, Brigitte, Lamert, A., Li, J. X., Lognonné, P., Mader, S., Marten, L., Mehrkens, F., Mercerat, D., Mimoun, D., Moller, T., Murdoch, N., Neumann, P., Neurath, R., Paffrath, M., Panning, M.P., Peix, F., Perrin, L., Rolland, L., Schimmel, Martin, Schroer, C., Spiga, A., Stahler, S. C., Steinmann, R., Stutzmann, E., Szenicer, A., Trumpik, N., Tsekhmistrenko, M., Twardzik, C., Weber, R., Werdenbach-Jarklowski, P., Zhang, S., and Zheng, Y. C.

Abstract

In December 2018, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Interior exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission deployed a seismometer on the surface of Mars. In preparation for the data analysis, in July 2017, the marsquake service initiated a blind test in which participants were asked to detect and characterize seismicity embedded in a one Earth year long synthetic data set of continuous waveforms. Synthetic data were computed for a single station, mimicking the streams that will be available from InSight as well as the expected tectonic and impact seismicity, and noise conditions on Mars (Clinton et al., 2017). In total, 84 teams from 20 countries registered for the blind test and 11 of them submitted their results in early 2018. The collection of documentations, methods, ideas, and codes submitted by the participants exceeds 100 pages. The teams proposed well established as well as novel methods to tackle the challenging target of building a global seismicity catalog using a single station. This article summarizes the performance of the teams and highlights the most successful contributions.

Published
2019

4. Hemotrophic mycoplasmas induce programmed cell death in red blood cells

Author

Felder, K M, Hoelzle, K, Ritzmann, M, Kilchling, T, Schiele, D, Heinritzi, K, Groebel, K, Hoelzle, Ludwig E, Felder, K M, Hoelzle, K, Ritzmann, M, Kilchling, T, Schiele, D, Heinritzi, K, Groebel, K, and Hoelzle, Ludwig E

Abstract

Hemotrophic mycoplasmas (HM) are uncultivable bacteria found on and in the red blood cells (RBCs). The main clinical sign of HM infections is the hemolytic anemia. However, anemia-inducing pathogenesis has not been totally clarified. In this work we used the splenectomized pig as animal model and Mycoplasma suis as a representative for hemotrophic mycoplasmas to study anemia pathogenesis. Eryptosis, i.e. programmed cell death of RBCs, is characterized by cell shrinkage, microvesiculation and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the outer membrane. The eryptosis occurrence and its influence on anemia pathogenesis was observed over the time-course of M. suis infections in pigs using 3 M. suis isolates of differing virulence. All 3 isolates induced eryptosis, but with different characteristics. The occurrence of eryptosis could as well be confirmed in vitro: serum and plasma of an acutely ill pig induced PS exposure on erythrocytes drawn from healthy pigs. Since M. suis is able to induce eryptotic processes it is concluded that eryptosis is one anemia-inducing factor during M. suis infections and, therefore, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of infectious anemia due to HM infection.

Published
2011

5. [Use of mesenchymal stemcells in dogs].

Author

Meyer-Lindenberg A and Kilchling T

Subjects
Animals, Dogs, Osteoarthritis therapy, Osteoarthritis veterinary, Dog Diseases therapy, Mesenchymal Stem Cells cytology, Stem Cell Transplantation veterinary
Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent cells, which are able to differentiate into various cell types of the body, as for example in osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and myogenic directions. In human medicine, the application of stem cells represents a well-established clinical procedure already applied for several decades. Addition-ally, in veterinary medicine, the stem-cell field is a rapidly growing sector for clinical use, particularly in horses. Recently, this treatment moda lity has also been commonly applied in dogs. The main field of application are diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore MSC are predominantly used for the treatment of lameness because of osteoarthritic changes of the large joints. In veterinary medicine, MSC are mainly isolated from bone marrow or adipose tissue. This artic le provides an overview of the removal site, isolation, characterisation and application of MSC. Moreover, studies available in the litera ture concerning the therapy of orthopaedic diseases in the dog using MSC are presented., Competing Interests: Die Autoren bestätigen, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)

Published
2018
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6. Hemotrophic mycoplasmas induce programmed cell death in red blood cells.

Author

Felder KM, Hoelzle K, Ritzmann M, Kilchling T, Schiele D, Heinritzi K, Groebel K, and Hoelzle LE

Subjects
Animals, Annexin A5 analysis, Cell Death, Cell Size, DNA, Bacterial analysis, Disease Models, Animal, Erythrocyte Count, Female, Flow Cytometry, Immunohistochemistry, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Mycoplasma isolation & purification, Mycoplasma Infections pathology, Phosphatidylserines analysis, Phosphatidylserines metabolism, Splenectomy, Sus scrofa blood, Swine, Anemia, Hemolytic blood, Anemia, Hemolytic microbiology, Anemia, Hemolytic pathology, Erythrocytes microbiology, Erythrocytes pathology, Mycoplasma growth & development, Mycoplasma Infections blood, Mycoplasma Infections microbiology, Serum microbiology, Sus scrofa microbiology
Abstract

Hemotrophic mycoplasmas (HM) are uncultivable bacteria found on and in the red blood cells (RBCs). The main clinical sign of HM infections is the hemolytic anemia. However, anemia-inducing pathogenesis has not been totally clarified. In this work we used the splenectomized pig as animal model and Mycoplasma suis as a representative for hemotrophic mycoplasmas to study anemia pathogenesis. Eryptosis, i.e. programmed cell death of RBCs, is characterized by cell shrinkage, microvesiculation and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the outer membrane. The eryptosis occurrence and its influence on anemia pathogenesis was observed over the time-course of M. suis infections in pigs using 3 M. suis isolates of differing virulence. All 3 isolates induced eryptosis, but with different characteristics. The occurrence of eryptosis could as well be confirmed in vitro: serum and plasma of an acutely ill pig induced PS exposure on erythrocytes drawn from healthy pigs. Since M. suis is able to induce eryptotic processes it is concluded that eryptosis is one anemia-inducing factor during M. suis infections and, therefore, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of infectious anemia due to HM infection., (Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel.)

Published
2011
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