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1. Vortex confinement through an unquantized magnetic flux

Author

Geunyong Kim, Jinyoung Yun, Jinho Yang, Ilkyu Yang, Dirk Wulferding, Roman Movshovich, Gil Young Cho, Ki-Seok Kim, Garam Hahn, and Jeehoon Kim

Subjects
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65
Abstract

Abstract Geometrically confined superconductors often experience a breakdown in the quantization of magnetic flux owing to the incomplete screening of the supercurrent against field penetration. In this study, we report that magnetic field confinement occurs regardless of the dimensionality of the system, even extending to 1D linear potential systems. By using a vector-field magnetic force microscope, we successfully create a vortex‒antivortex pair connected by a 1D unquantized magnetic flux in ultrathin superconducting films. Through an investigation of the manipulation and thermal behavior of the vortex pair, we uncover a long-range interaction mediated by the unquantized magnetic flux. These findings suggest a universal phenomenon of unquantized magnetic flux formation, independent of the geometry of the system. Our results present an experimental route for investigating the impact of confinement on superconducting properties and order parameters in unconventional superconductors characterized by extremely low dimensionality.

Published
2024
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2. Nonlinear electrical transport phenomena as fingerprints of a topological phase transition in ZrTe5

Author

Yusuff Adeyemi Salawu, Dilanath Adhikari, Jin Hee Kim, Jong-Soo Rhyee, Minoru Sasaki, Ki-Seok Kim, and Heon-Jung Kim

Subjects
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492
Abstract

Abstract Topological phase transitions, influenced by magnetic fields, dopants, pressure, and temperature, create Berry curvature in band structures, challenging to detect due to resolution and scattering issues in spectroscopy and transport. Here, we propose nonlinear electrical transport phenomena as fingerprints of a topological phase transition in ZrTe5 under magnetic fields. Both a nonlinear longitudinal conductivity Δσ L in a magnetic-field-aligned electric field and a third-order nonlinear Hall (transverse) conductivity Δσ xy in a magnetic-field-perpendicular electric field arise below a characteristic temperature T *. The sensitivity of nonlinear transport to the band topology allows the detection of a subtle change in the band topology hidden in linear transport coefficients. Extending the previous scaling theory between linear transport coefficients (σ xx and σ xy ), we also propose scaling relations for both linear (σ xx and σ xy ) and nonlinear (Δσ L and Δσ xy ) transport coefficients. These scaling relations will help understand the interplay between the mechanisms of nonlinear transport coefficients and the influence of Berry curvature.

Published
2023
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3. Weak-coupling to strong-coupling quantum criticality crossover in a Kitaev quantum spin liquid α-RuCl3

Author

Jae-Ho Han, Seung-Hwan Do, Kwang-Yong Choi, Sang-Youn Park, Jae-You Kim, Sungdae Ji, Ki-Seok Kim, and Jae-Hoon Park

Subjects
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matter, QC170-197
Abstract

Abstract We report a quantum criticality crossover representing two different universal scaling behaviors in a Kitaev quantum magnetic material α-RuCl3. α-RuCl3 presents both a symmetry-breaking antiferromagnetic order and a long-range entangled topological order of a quantum spin liquid, and thus could be a candidate system for a unique universality class involving deconfined fractionalized excitations of the local Z2 fluxes and itinerant Majorana fermions. Theoretical analyses on the inelastic neutron scattering, ac-magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat results demonstrate that Wilson–Fisher-Yukawa-type ‘conventional’ weak-coupling quantum criticality in high-energy scales crosses over to heavy-fermion-type ‘local’ strong-coupling one in low-energy scales. Our findings provide deep insight on how quantum criticality evolves in fermion-boson coupled topological systems with different types of deconfined fermions.

Published
2023
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4. Correlated insulator collapse due to quantum avalanche via in-gap ladder states

Author

Jong E. Han, Camille Aron, Xi Chen, Ishiaka Mansaray, Jae-Ho Han, Ki-Seok Kim, Michael Randle, and Jonathan P. Bird

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The significant discrepancy observed between the predicted and experimental switching fields in correlated insulators under a DC electric field far-from-equilibrium necessitates a reevaluation of current microscopic understanding. Here we show that an electron avalanche can occur in the bulk limit of such insulators at arbitrarily small electric field by introducing a generic model of electrons coupled to an inelastic medium of phonons. The quantum avalanche arises by the generation of a ladder of in-gap states, created by a multi-phonon emission process. Hot-phonons in the avalanche trigger a premature and partial collapse of the correlated gap. The phonon spectrum dictates the existence of two-stage versus single-stage switching events which we associate with charge-density-wave and Mott resistive phase transitions, respectively. The behavior of electron and phonon temperatures, as well as the temperature dependence of the threshold fields, demonstrates how a crossover between the thermal and quantum switching scenarios emerges within a unified framework of the quantum avalanche.

Published
2023
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5. Negative magnetoresistance in antiferromagnetic topological insulating phase of GdxBi2−xTe3−ySey

Author

Jin-Hyeon Jun, Jinsu Kim, Sang Hyun Ji, Sang-Eon Lee, Soo-Whan Kim, Sung Jung Joo, Kyoung-Min Kim, Ki-Seok Kim, and Myung-Hwa Jung

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Antiferromagnetic topological insulators have attracted great attention in the condensed matter physics owing to the fundamental interest in exotic quantum states and topological antiferromagnetic spintronics. Starting with the typical topological insulator of Bi2Te3, we introduced the magnetic order by substituting Gd at the Bi site and tuned the Fermi level by substituting Se at the Te site. That is, we prepared single crystals of GdxBi2−xTe3−ySey with various x (= 0.02 and 0.06) and y (= 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0, and 1.5). The magnetic data revealed an antiferromagnetic order for x = 0.06, and the transport data manifested the charge neutral point at y = 0.7. Combining all these results together, the material with x = 0.06 and y = 0.7 is characterized as an antiferromagnetic topological insulator, where we observed exotic magnetotransport properties such as weak antilocalization and negative longitudinal magnetoresistance that are frequently analyzed as chiral anomalies in Weyl materials.

Published
2023
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6. Entanglement transfer from quantum matter to classical geometry in an emergent holographic dual description of a scalar field theory

Author

Ki-Seok Kim and Shinsei Ryu

Subjects
AdS-CFT Correspondence, Renormalization Group, Holography and condensed matter physics (AdS/CMT), Resummation, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Applying recursive renormalization group transformations to a scalar field theory, we obtain an effective quantum gravity theory with an emergent extra dimension, described by a dual holographic Einstein-Klein-Gordon type action. Here, the dynamics of both the dual order-parameter field and the metric tensor field originate from density-density and energy-momentum tensor-tensor effective interactions, respectively, in the recursive renormalization group transformation, performed approximately in the Gaussian level. This linear approximation in the recursive renormalization group transformation for the gravity sector gives rise to a linearized quantum Einstein-scalar theory along the z-directional emergent space. In the large N limit, where N is the flavor number of the original scalar fields, quantum fluctuations of both dynamical metric and dual scalar fields are suppressed, leading to a classical field theory of the Einstein-scalar type in (D+1)-spacetime dimensions. We show that this emergent background gravity describes the renormalization group flows of coupling functions in the UV quantum field theory through the extra dimension. More precisely, the IR boundary conditions of the gravity equations correspond to the renormalization group β-functions of the quantum field theory, where the infinitesimal distance in the extra-dimensional space is identified with an energy scale for the renormalization group transformation. Finally, we also show that this dual holographic formulation describes quantum entanglement in a geometrical way, encoding the transfer of quantum entanglement from quantum matter to classical gravity in the large N limit. We claim that this entanglement transfer serves as a microscopic foundation for the emergent holographic duality description.

Published
2021
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7. Microscopic origin of local electric polarization in NiPS3

Author

Hyeon Jung Kim and Ki-Seok Kim

Subjects
strongly correlated system, spin–orbit coupling, Zhang–Rice state, electric polarization, real space berry curvature, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Recently, Zhang–Rice triplet to singlet excitations have been measured experimentally and verified numerically in a van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS _3 , which reveals a collective local change of an electronic structure. In particular, such numerical simulations predicted that these electronic excitations occur simultaneously with local electric polarizations. In this study, we uncover the microscopic origin of this local electric polarization in the Zhang–Rice triplet to singlet excitation. Our lattice-model calculation predicts that the electric polarization can be controlled by applied magnetic fields, where the atomic spin–orbit coupling plays an important role. We speculate emergence of real space Berry curvature to describe the electric polarization in this strongly correlated system.

Published
2023
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8. Effect of antiferromagnetic order on topological electronic structure in Eu-substituted Bi2Se3 single crystals

Author

Soo-Whan Kim, Hoil Kim, Jeong-Kyu Kim, Woo-Suk Noh, Jinsu Kim, Kyoung-Min Kim, Ki-Seok Kim, Jun Sung Kim, Jae-Hoon Park, and Myung-Hwa Jung

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Topological antiferromagnetic spintronics is an emerging field due to advantages such as no stray field effect and high-speed dynamics. In bismuth chalcogenide topological insulators, the coexistence of long-range antiferromagnetic order and topologically protected states has scarcely been observed. Here, an antiferromagnetic order, which sets in the direction of magnetic moments perpendicular to the c axis, is introduced by Eu substitution in Bi2Se3, and therefore it influences the topological electronic properties of Bi2Se3. Despite Eu substitution, Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) oscillations are observed. The angle dependence of SdH oscillations shows a signature of anisotropic 3D Fermi surfaces with a nontrivial Berry phase by Eu substitution, and the temperature dependence of SdH oscillations reveals that the effective mass is comparable to the pristine Bi2Se3. These results suggest that the nontrivial topological state can survive in the antiferromagnetic order of Eu-substituted Bi2Se3. Our work expands the base of topological materials available for antiferromagnetic spintronics applications.

Published
2020
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9. Emergent geometry in recursive renormalization group transformations

Author

Ki-Seok Kim

Subjects
Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Holographic duality conjecture has been proposed to be a novel non-perturbative theoretical framework for the description of strongly correlated electrons. However, the duality transformation is not specified to cause ambiguity in the application of this theoretical machinery to condensed matter physics. In this study, we propose a prescription for the holographic duality transformation. Based on recursive renormalization group (RG) transformations, we obtain an effective field theory, which manifests the RG flow of an effective action through the introduction of an extra dimension. Resorting to this prescription, we show that RG equations of all coupling constants are reformulated as emergent geometry with an extra dimension. We claim that the present prescription serves as microscopic foundation for the application of the holographic duality conjecture to condensed matter physics.

Published
2020
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10. Nanoscale manipulation of the Mott insulating state coupled to charge order in 1T-TaS2

Author

Doohee Cho, Sangmo Cheon, Ki-Seok Kim, Sung-Hoon Lee, Yong-Heum Cho, Sang-Wook Cheong, and Han Woong Yeom

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Controlled switching between states in materials with strong electronic correlations can form the basis for functional devices. Here, the authors use a scanning tunnelling microscope tip to switch between a Mott insulator state and a metallic state with charge-density-wave domains in 1T-TaS2.

Published
2016
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13. High-throughput manufacturing of epitaxial membranes from a single wafer by 2D materials-based layer transfer process

Author

Hyunseok Kim, Yunpeng Liu, Kuangye Lu, Celesta S. Chang, Dongchul Sung, Marx Akl, Kuan Qiao, Ki Seok Kim, Bo-In Park, Menglin Zhu, Jun Min Suh, Jekyung Kim, Junseok Jeong, Yongmin Baek, You Jin Ji, Sungsu Kang, Sangho Lee, Ne Myo Han, Chansoo Kim, Chanyeol Choi, Xinyuan Zhang, Hyeong-Kyu Choi, Yanming Zhang, Haozhe Wang, Lingping Kong, Nordin Noor Afeefah, Mohamed Nainar Mohamed Ansari, Jungwon Park, Kyusang Lee, Geun Young Yeom, Sungkyu Kim, Jinwoo Hwang, Jing Kong, Sang-Hoon Bae, Yunfeng Shi, Suklyun Hong, Wei Kong, and Jeehwan Kim

Subjects
Biomedical Engineering, General Materials Science, Bioengineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Published
2023
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14. Vertical full-colour micro-LEDs via 2D materials-based layer transfer

Author

Jiho Shin, Hyunseok Kim, Suresh Sundaram, Junseok Jeong, Bo-In Park, Celesta S. Chang, Joonghoon Choi, Taemin Kim, Mayuran Saravanapavanantham, Kuangye Lu, Sungkyu Kim, Jun Min Suh, Ki Seok Kim, Min-Kyu Song, Yunpeng Liu, Kuan Qiao, Jae Hwan Kim, Yeongin Kim, Ji-Hoon Kang, Jekyung Kim, Doeon Lee, Jaeyong Lee, Justin S. Kim, Han Eol Lee, Hanwool Yeon, Hyun S. Kum, Sang-Hoon Bae, Vladimir Bulovic, Ki Jun Yu, Kyusang Lee, Kwanghun Chung, Young Joon Hong, Abdallah Ougazzaden, and Jeehwan Kim

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Published
2023
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15. Non-epitaxial single-crystal 2D material growth by geometric confinement

Author

Ki Seok Kim, Doyoon Lee, Celesta S. Chang, Seunghwan Seo, Yaoqiao Hu, Soonyoung Cha, Hyunseok Kim, Jiho Shin, Ju-Hee Lee, Sangho Lee, Justin S. Kim, Ki Hyun Kim, Jun Min Suh, Yuan Meng, Bo-In Park, Jung-Hoon Lee, Hyung-Sang Park, Hyun S. Kum, Moon-Ho Jo, Geun Young Yeom, Kyeongjae Cho, Jin-Hong Park, Sang-Hoon Bae, and Jeehwan Kim

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Published
2023
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17. Multifocal Intraocular Lens Implantation after Pars Plana Vitrectomy to Treat Retinal Detachment

Author

Min Soo Jo, Ki Seok Kim, Sung Kun Chung, and Suk Jin Kim

Subjects
Ophthalmology
Abstract

Purpose: To report the surgical outcomes of phacoemulsification and multifocal intraocular lens implantation after vitrectomy.Case summary: We present a retrospective case series of three eyes that underwent phacoemulsification with multifocal intraocular lens implantation after pars plana vitrectomy to treat retinal detachments that did not involve the macula. Multifocal intraocular lenses were implanted in patients with best-corrected visual acuities of at least 20/25 after vitrectomy. Optical coherence tomography revealed no disruption of the external limiting membrane, the ellipsoid zone, or the inner retinal layer from before vitrectomy to before cataract surgery. At 12 months postoperatively, the uncorrected visual acuities at distance were 20/25, 20/20, and 20/25 and the near uncorrected visual acuities 20/40, 20/25, and 20/25 respectively.Conclusions: Multifocal intraocular lens implantation after vitrectomy affords a favorable visual outcome in certain patients. It is important to consider macular structural status and the best-corrected visual acuity before cataract progression.

Published
2022
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19. Renormalization group flow to effective quantum mechanics in the IR in an emergent dual holographic description for spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking

Author

Ki-Seok Kim, Mitsuhiro Nishida, and Yoonseok Choun

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

Implementing the Wilsonian renormalization group (RG) transformation in a nonperturbative way, we construct an effective holographic dual description with an emergent extradimension identified with an RG scale. Taking the large-N limit, we obtain an equation of motion of an order-parameter field, here the chiral condensate for our explicit demonstration. In particular, an intertwined structure manifests between the first-order RG flow equations of renormalized coupling functions and the second-order differential equation of the order-parameter field, thus referred to as a nonperturbative RG-improved mean-field theory. Assuming translational symmetry as a vacuum state, we solve these nonlinear coupled mean-field equations based on a matching method between UV- and IR-regional solutions. As a result, we find an RG flow from a weakly coupled chiral-symmetric UV fixed point to a strongly correlated chiral-symmetry broken IR fixed point, where the renormalized velocity of Dirac fermions vanishes most rapidly and effective quantum mechanics appears at IR. Furthermore, we translate these RG flows of coupling functions into those of emergent metric tensors and extract out geometrical properties of the emergent holographic spacetime constructed from the UV- and IR-regional solutions. Surprisingly, we obtain the volume law of entanglement entropy in the Ryu-Takayanagi formula, which implies appearance of a black hole type solution in the limit of infinite cutoff even at zero temperature. We critically discuss our field theoretic interpretation for this solution in terms of potentially gapless multiparticle excitation spectra.

Published
2023

21. A Current Transducer with Digital Output for Motor Drive

Author

Sun-Ki Hong, Ki-Seok Kim, Ho-Pyo Sohn, and Heekwang Lee

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Electrical engineering, Signal, Motor drive, TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES, Transducer, Control theory, Inverter, Hall effect sensor, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Electrical impedance, Voltage
Abstract

A current transducer is a device that converts a current measurement into a voltage. Conventional current transducers convert the measured current into an analog voltage as output. The conventional current transducer usually includes the noise generated by the impedance of the output signal. In this paper, a current transducer with digital output for motor control is proposed to overcome the problem. The proposed digital current transducer uses a SoC that includes an MCU. The transducer transmits measured current data to an inverter controller through SPI digital communication. It has no line noise and the advantage of being able to implement various additional functions including the parameter calculations with the measured current data, condition monitoring, etc. Motor control experiments were conducted to verify the suitability of the digital current transducer. The output voltage of a Hall sensor according to the output current of the inverter is converted to a digital value through the ADC function in the SoC. The converted digital value is transmitted to the motor inverter controller through SPI communication. The results were compared with those using an analog current transducer and validated the proposed transducer.

Published
2021
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22. Beyond quantum chaos in emergent dual holography

Author

Ki-Seok Kim

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), FOS: Physical sciences, Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

Black hole is well known to be a fast scrambler, responsible for physics of quantum chaos in dual holography. Recently, the Euclidean worm hole has been proposed to play a central role in the chaotic behavior of the spectral form factor. Furthermore, this phenomena was reinterpreted based on an effective field theory approach for quantum chaos. Since the graded nonlinear $\sigma-$model approach can describe not only the Wigner-Dyson level statistics but also its Poisson distribution, it is natural to ask whether the dual holography can touch the Poisson regime beyond the quantum chaos. In this study, we investigate disordered strongly coupled conformal field theories in the large central-charge limit. An idea is to consider a quenched average for metric fluctuations and to take into account the renormalization group flow of the metric-tensor distribution function from the UV to the IR boundary. Here, renormalization effects at a given disorder configuration are described by the conventional dual holography. We uncover that the renormalized distribution function shows a power-law behavior universally, interpreted as an infinite randomness fixed point.

Published
2022

23. Changes of Visual Acuity and Macular Thickness after Phacovitrectomy with Posterior Capsulectomy of Epiretinal Membrane

Author

Ki Seok Kim, Jie Hyun Youm, Da Yeong Kim, and Sung Kun Chung

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Visual acuity, genetic structures, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Vitrectomy, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Ophthalmology, medicine, sense organs, Epiretinal membrane, Posterior Capsulotomy, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the functional and structural recovery period of idiopathic epiretinal membranes after phacovitrectomy with posterior capsulectomy.Methods: From March 2012 to January 2015, 57 patients diagnosed with idiopathic epiretinal membranes with cataracts who underwent combined vitrectomy and cataract surgery with pars plana posterior capsulectomy were enrolled. The best-corrected visual acuity and central foveal thickness were analyzed retrospectively.Results: The average best-corrected visual acuity before surgery was 0.30 ± 0.23 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR), and the mean central foveal thickness was 442 ± 93 μm. As of the 12-month follow-up, the average postoperative best-corrected visual acuity had improved to 0.08 ± 0.11 logMAR, and the central foveal thickness after surgery had decreased to 386 ± 58 μm at 12 months.Conclusions: After removing the potential influence of cataracts and posterior capsular opacity, the recovery of idiopathic epiretinal membranes continued up to 12 months after surgery.

Published
2021
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24. Impact of 2D–3D Heterointerface on Remote Epitaxial Interaction through Graphene

Author

Jong Hyun Ahn, Darrell G. Schlom, Heechang Shin, Sang-Hoon Bae, Jae-Hyun Lee, Chanyeol Choi, Geun Young Yeom, Chengye Dong, You Jin Ji, Yunpeng Liu, Hyunseok Kim, Kuangye Lu, Sangho Lee, Kuan Qiao, Hyun Kum, Ki-Hyun Kim, Jeehwan Kim, Saien Xie, Hanjong Paik, June Hyuk Lee, Joshua A. Robinson, and Ki Seok Kim

Subjects
Coupling, Materials science, Graphene, business.industry, Interface (computing), General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Epitaxy, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, Coating, law, engineering, Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, Wafer, 0210 nano-technology, business, Layer (electronics)
Abstract

Remote epitaxy has drawn attention as it offers epitaxy of functional materials that can be released from the substrates with atomic precision, thus enabling production and heterointegration of flexible, transferrable, and stackable freestanding single-crystalline membranes. In addition, the remote interaction of atoms and adatoms through two-dimensional (2D) materials in remote epitaxy allows investigation and utilization of electrical/chemical/physical coupling of bulk (3D) materials via 2D materials (3D-2D-3D coupling). Here, we unveil the respective roles and impacts of the substrate material, graphene, substrate-graphene interface, and epitaxial material for electrostatic coupling of these materials, which governs cohesive ordering and can lead to single-crystal epitaxy in the overlying film. We show that simply coating a graphene layer on wafers does not guarantee successful implementation of remote epitaxy, since atomically precise control of the graphene-coated interface is required, and provides key considerations for maximizing the remote electrostatic interaction between the substrate and adatoms. This was enabled by exploring various material systems and processing conditions, and we demonstrate that the rules of remote epitaxy vary significantly depending on the ionicity of material systems as well as the graphene-substrate interface and the epitaxy environment. The general rule of thumb discovered here enables expanding 3D material libraries that can be stacked in freestanding form.

Published
2021
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28. Chiral anomaly in noncentrosymmetric systems induced by spin-orbit coupling

Author

Suik Cheon, Gil Young Cho, Ki-Seok Kim, and Hyun-Woo Lee

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The chiral anomaly may be realized in condensed matter systems with pairs of Weyl points. Here we show that the chiral anomaly can be realized in diverse noncentrosymmetric systems even without Weyl point pairs when spin-orbit coupling induces nonzero Berry curvature flux through Fermi surfaces. This motivates the condensed matter chiral anomaly to be interpreted as a Fermi surface property rather than a Weyl point property. The spin-orbit-coupling-induced anomaly reproduces the well-known charge transport properties of the chiral anomaly such as the negative longitudinal magnetoresistance and the planar Hall effect in Weyl semimetals. Since it is of spin-orbit coupling origin, it also affects the spin transport and gives rise to anomaly-induced longitudinal spin currents and the magnetic spin Hall effect, which are absent in conventional Weyl semimetals., 6 pages, 2 figures

Published
2022

29. Correlated Insulator Collapse due to Quantum Avalanche via In-Gap Ladder States

Author

Jong E. Han, Camille Aron, Xi Chen, Ishiaka Mansaray, Jae-Ho Han, Ki-Seok Kim, Michael Randle, and Jonathan P. Bird

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Multidisciplinary, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, General Chemistry, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Abstract

The significant discrepancy observed between the predicted and experimental switching fields in correlated insulators under a DC electric field far-from-equilibrium necessitates a reevaluation of current microscopic understanding. Here we show that an electron avalanche can occur in the bulk limit of such insulators at arbitrarily small electric field by introducing a generic model of electrons coupled to an inelastic medium of phonons. The quantum avalanche arises by the generation of a ladder of in-gap states, created by a multi-phonon emission process. Hot-phonons in the avalanche trigger a premature and partial collapse of the correlated gap. The phonon spectrum dictates the existence of two-stage versus single-stage switching events which we associate with charge-density-wave and Mott resistive phase transitions, respectively. The behavior of electron and phonon temperatures, as well as the temperature dependence of the threshold fields, demonstrates how a crossover between the thermal and quantum switching scenarios emerges within a unified framework of the quantum avalanche.

Published
2022

31. Emergent dual holographic description as a nonperturbative generalization of the Wilsonian renormalization group

Author

Ki-Seok Kim, Shinsei Ryu, and Kanghoon Lee

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

In holographic duality, dynamics along the emergent extra-dimensional space describes a renormalization group (RG) flow of the corresponding quantum field theory (QFT). Following this idea, we develop an emergent holographic description of a QFT, where not only the information of the RG flow is introduced into an IR holographic dual effective field theory (HDEFT), but also the UV information of the QFT is encoded in the HDEFT through the IR boundary condition. In particular, we argue that this dual holographic construction is self-consistent within the assumption of bulk locality, showing the following two aspects: The solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation is given by the IR boundary effective action, and the Ward identity involving the QFT energy-momentum tensor current is satisfied naturally. We discuss the role of the RG β-function in the bulk effective dynamics of the metric tensor near a conformally invariant fixed point. We claim that this emergent dual gravity theory generalizes the perturbative Wilsonian RG framework into a nonperturbative way.

Published
2022
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32. Selective etching of silicon nitride over silicon oxide using ClF3/H2 remote plasma

Author

Won Oh Lee, Ki Hyun Kim, Doo San Kim, You Jin Ji, Ji Eun Kang, Hyun Woo Tak, Jin Woo Park, Han Duck Song, Ki Seok Kim, Byeong Ok Cho, Young Lae Kim, and Geun Young Yeom

Subjects
Multidisciplinary
Abstract

Precise and selective removal of silicon nitride (SiNx) over silicon oxide (SiOy) in a oxide/nitride stack is crucial for a current three dimensional NOT-AND type flash memory fabrication process. In this study, fast and selective isotropic etching of SiNx over SiOy has been investigated using a ClF3/H2 remote plasma in an inductively coupled plasma system. The SiNx etch rate over 80 nm/min with the etch selectivity (SiNx over SiOy) of ~ 130 was observed under a ClF3 remote plasma at a room temperature. Furthermore, the addition of H2 to the ClF3 resulted in an increase of etching selectivity over 200 while lowering the etch rate of both oxide and nitride due to the reduction of F radicals in the plasma. The time dependent-etch characteristics of ClF3, ClF3 & H2 remote plasma showed little loading effect during the etching of silicon nitride on oxide/nitride stack wafer with similar etch rate with that of blank nitride wafer.

Published
2022
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33. Graphene nanopattern as a universal epitaxy platform for single-crystal membrane production and defect reduction

Author

Hyunseok Kim, Sangho Lee, Jiho Shin, Menglin Zhu, Marx Akl, Kuangye Lu, Ne Myo Han, Yongmin Baek, Celesta S. Chang, Jun Min Suh, Ki Seok Kim, Bo-In Park, Yanming Zhang, Chanyeol Choi, Heechang Shin, He Yu, Yuan Meng, Seung-Il Kim, Seungju Seo, Kyusang Lee, Hyun S. Kum, Jae-Hyun Lee, Jong-Hyun Ahn, Sang-Hoon Bae, Jinwoo Hwang, Yunfeng Shi, and Jeehwan Kim

Subjects
Biomedical Engineering, General Materials Science, Bioengineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

Heterogeneous integration of single-crystal materials offers great opportunities for advanced device platforms and functional systems

Published
2022

34. Interplay of orbital magnetic moment and chiral magnetic effect in Shubnikov–de Haas quantum oscillations

Author

Jinho Yang and Ki-seok Kim

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect
Abstract

Emergent Lorentz symmetry and chiral anomaly are well known to play an essential role in anomalous transport phenomena of Weyl metals. In particular, the former causes a Berry-curvature induced orbital magnetic moment to modify the group velocity of Weyl electrons, and the latter results in the chiral magnetic effect to be responsible for a "dissipationless" longitudinal current channel of the bulk. In this study, we verify that intertwined these two effects can be measured in Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) quantum oscillations, where a double-peak structure of the SdH oscillation appears to cause a kink in the Landau fan diagram. We examine three different cases which cover all possible experimental situations of external electric/magnetic fields and identify the experimental condition for the existence of the double-peak structure. We claim that interplay of the orbital magnetic moment and the chiral magnetic effect in SdH quantum oscillations is an interesting feature of the Weyl metal state.

Published
2022
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35. Deposition of Very-Low-Hydrogen-Containing Silicon at a Low Temperature Using Very-High-Frequency (162 MHz) SiH4 Plasma

Author

Ki Seok Kim, You-Jin Ji, Ki-Hyun Kim, Ji-Eun Kang, Albert Rogers Ellingboe, and Geun Young Yeom

Subjects
Control and Systems Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, very high frequency (VHF), multi-split electrode, low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS), Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract

Low-hydrogen-containing amorphous silicon (a-Si) was deposited at a low temperature of 80 °C using a very high frequency (VHF at 162 MHz) plasma system with multi-split electrodes. Using the 162 MHz VHF plasma system, a high deposition rate of a-Si with a relatively high deposition uniformity of 6.7% could be obtained due to the formation of high-ion-density (>1011 cm−3) plasma with SiH4 and a lack of standing waves by using small multi-split electrodes. The increase in the radio frequency (RF) power decreased the hydrogen content in the deposited silicon film and, at a high RF power of 2000 W, a-Si with a low hydrogen content of 3.78% could be deposited without the need for a dehydrogenation process. The crystallization of the a-Si by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation showed that the a-Si can be crystallized with a crystallinity of 0.8 and a UV energy of 80 J without dehydrogenation. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed that the a-Si deposited by the VHF plasma was a very small nanocrystalline-like a-Si and the crystalline size significantly grew with the UV irradiation. We believe that the VHF (162 MHz) multi-split plasma system can be used for a low-cost low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS) process.

Published
2022
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36. Effects of general non-magnetic quenched disorder on a spin-density-wave quantum critical metallic system in two spatial dimension

Author

Iksu Jang and Ki-Seok Kim

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract

We investigate the effects of general non-magnetic quenched disorder on a two-dimensional spin-density-wave (SDW) quantum critical metallic system and discuss how a clean SDW non-Fermi liquid state becomes modified, based on a renormalization group (RG) method. We consider (i) all possible scattering channels by a random charge potential for fermion fields and additionally (ii) a random mass term for a SDW boson order parameter as effects of the non-magnetic quenched disorder. From the one-loop analysis, we find a weakly disordered non-Fermi liquid metallic fixed point(interacting long-range ordered fixed point) when only the random boson mass vertex is considered. However, in the general case where all disorder vertices are considered, it turns out that there is no stable fixed point and the low-energy RG flows are governed by the large random charge potential vertices especially channels in a `Direct' category with an interplay of an effective Yukawa interaction. Focusing on the physical meanings of the low-energy RG flows, we provide a detailed explanation of the one-loop results. Beyond the one-loop level, we first discuss partial two-loop corrections to the random charge potential vertices. Furthermore, we examine the possibility of different low-energy RG flows compared to that of the one-loop results by considering the two-loop corrections to the random boson mass vertex and, discuss low energy properties in relation to the random singlet phase. For physical properties, we calculate asymptotic forms of the two-point Green's functions and anomalous dimensions of the four superconducting channels in the one-loop level., Part of introduction and analysis are revised

Published
2023
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38. Deposition of Very-Low-Hydrogen-Containing Silicon at a Low Temperature Using Very-High-Frequency (162 MHz) SiH

Author

Ki Seok, Kim, You-Jin, Ji, Ki-Hyun, Kim, Ji-Eun, Kang, Albert Rogers, Ellingboe, and Geun Young, Yeom

Abstract

Low-hydrogen-containing amorphous silicon (a-Si) was deposited at a low temperature of 80 °C using a very high frequency (VHF at 162 MHz) plasma system with multi-split electrodes. Using the 162 MHz VHF plasma system, a high deposition rate of a-Si with a relatively high deposition uniformity of 6.7% could be obtained due to the formation of high-ion-density (10

Published
2021

39. Selective etching of silicon nitride over silicon oxide using ClF

Author

Won Oh, Lee, Ki Hyun, Kim, Doo San, Kim, You Jin, Ji, Ji Eun, Kang, Hyun Woo, Tak, Jin Woo, Park, Han Dock, Song, Ki Seok, Kim, Byeong Ok, Cho, Young Lae, Kim, and Geun Young, Yeom

Abstract

Precise and selective removal of silicon nitride (SiN

Published
2021

41. Hemidiaphragmatic Paresis Following Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block With 2-Point Injection Technique

Author

Ki Seok, Kim, Jnug Hwan, Ahn, Ju Hyun, Yoon, Ho Tae, Ji, and Il Seok, Kim

Subjects
Paresis, Pain, Postoperative, Shoulder, Hand Strength, Oxygen Saturation, Humans, Prospective Studies, Anesthetics, Local, Brachial Plexus Block, Ultrasonography, Interventional
Abstract

An interscalene brachial plexus block is a commonly conducted nerve block for anesthesia and analgesia in shoulder surgery. Due to its proximity to the targeted nerve, the phrenic nerve, which innervates the diaphragm, is typically inadvertently blocked by ventral spread of the local anesthetic. Although hemidiaphragmatic paresis is tolerable in healthy patients, it would be an irreversible risk to patients with compromised lung reserve.To investigate the effect of interscalene brachial plexus block on hemidiaphragmatic paresis by comparing the conventional local anesthetic volume with a reduced experimental volume at a more specific position using an ultrasound-guided 2-point injection technique.Prospective, randomized controlled study registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of Korea (https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp. KCT0005575. 04/11/2020).This study was conducted at a single hospital affiliated with an academic institution between April and December 2020.Patients undergoing brisement manipulation and arthroscopic shoulder surgery were randomized to the experimental (10 mL of ropivacaine 0.5%) and control groups (15 mL of ropivacaine 0.5%). Fifty-two patients who received an interscalene brachial plexus block for anesthesia and analgesia in the shoulder region. The interscalene block was performed using a 2-point injection and observing the spread pattern of the local anesthetic. The primary outcome was the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paresis, estimated by the thickening fraction of the diaphragm. The secondary outcomes included oxygen saturation, presence of dyspnea, resting pain score, and handgrip strength score.Thickening fraction was significantly decreased in the control group compared with the experimental group (median [interquartile range], 13.9 [10.0-18.5] versus 28.5 [14.5-38.8], P0.001). The incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paresis was significantly higher in the control group than in the experimental group (92.3% versus 53.8%, P = 0.004). Handgrip strength was significantly reduced in the control group compared with the experimental group (P = 0.029).We did not perform a phrenic nerve conduction study, as it is rarely performed in routine clinical operations. We did not formally assess the distance and spatial relationship of the phrenic nerve to the targeted nerve. Outcome variables including pain assessment were limited to the immediate postoperative period.Reducing the local anesthetic volume by selective injection and observing the spread pattern resulted in a decreased incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paresis and preserved handgrip strength after interscalene block.

Published
2021

43. Effect of large work function modulation of MoS2 by controllable chlorine doping using a remote plasma

Author

Inyong Moon, Dong-Ho Kang, Geun Young Yeom, Won Jong Yoo, Kyong Nam Kim, Ki-Hyun Kim, You Jin Ji, Ki Seok Kim, Jin-Hong Park, and Keun Heo

Subjects
Kelvin probe force microscope, Materials science, Dopant, business.industry, Doping, Field effect, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Materials Chemistry, Remote plasma, Optoelectronics, Work function, Inductively coupled plasma, 0210 nano-technology, business, Molybdenum disulfide
Abstract

Adjusting the intrinsic properties of 2-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide materials is important for their various applications in electronic devices. Among them, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the most attractive layered 2D materials because of its excellent electrical properties as well as good thermal and oxidation stability. Controlling the doping process and analyzing how the dopant atoms affect the device properties are crucial for advanced applications of TMDs. In this study, a simple and controllable chlorine doping method of MoS2 using a remote inductively coupled plasma (ICP) was studied and the effect of doping on the properties of MoS2 was investigated by adjusting the work function of MoS2. Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) shows a gradual decrease of the work function with increasing chlorine radical treatment time. Chlorine doped MoS2 field effect transistors (FETs) exhibited improved electrical characteristics such as the field effect mobility and on current level as demonstrated by the transfer characteristics (Id–Vgs). Especially, the chlorine doped MoS2 FETs showed increased photoresponsivity by 1.94 times (from 424 to 824 A W−1) for green light (λ = 520 nm) and, much more interestingly, 8.59 times (from 37.6 to 323 A W−1) for near-infrared (NIR) light (λ = 785 nm).

Published
2020
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46. Nonlocal transport phenomena in Weyl metals beyond the mesoscopic scale

Author

Jinho Yang and Ki-Seok Kim

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), FOS: Physical sciences
Abstract

Axion electrodynamics governs electromagnetic properties of Weyl metals. Although transmission and reflection measurements of light have been proposed to confirm the axion electrodynamics, there are still lack of theoretical proposals for macroscopic nonlocal transport phenomena in Weyl metals. In this paper, we present nonlocal transport phenomena in time reversal symmetry-broken (TRSB) Weyl metals. Solving the axion electrodynamics numerically, we show that such nonlocal transport phenomena arise from the negative longitudinal magneto-resistivity (NLMR), combined with the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in the axion electrodynamics. Since this nonlocal transport occurs beyond the mesoscopic scale, we conclude that these nonlocal properties have nothing to do with Fermi arcs, regarded to be clear evidence of the axion electrodynamics in the bulk.

Published
2021

47. Yu-Shiba-Rusinov bound states studied by tuning the electron density at the Fermi energy

Author

Minseok Kim, Yun Sung Park, Sang Yong Song, Ki-Seok Kim, Yongchan Jeong, and Jungpil Seo

Subjects
Superconductivity, Physics, Work (thermodynamics), Electron density, Condensed matter physics, Scattering, Exchange interaction, Bound state, Fermi energy, Sign (mathematics)
Abstract

We studied the nature of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states in response to the potential scattering $U$ by tuning the electron density at the Fermi energy. By comparing two systems, Mn-phthalocyanine molecules on Pb(111) and Co atoms on PbSe/Pb(111), we demonstrate that the sign of $U$ can be unambiguously determined by varying the electron density at the Fermi energy. We further show that $U$ competes with the exchange interaction $JS$ in the formation of YSR bound states. Our work provides insights into the interactions between magnetic atoms and superconductors at a fundamental level.

Published
2021
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48. A Van Der Waals Reconfigurable Multi‐Valued Logic Device and Circuit Based on Tunable Negative‐Differential‐Resistance Phenomenon (Adv. Mater. 36/2022)

Author

Seunghwan Seo, Jeong‐Ick Cho, Kil‐Su Jung, Maksim Andreev, Ju‐Hee Lee, Hogeun Ahn, Sooyoung Jung, Taeran Lee, Byeongchan Kim, Seojoo Lee, Juncheol Kang, Kyeong‐Bae Lee, Ho‐Jun Lee, Ki Seok Kim, Geun Young Yeom, Keun Heo, and Jin‐Hong Park

Subjects
Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, General Materials Science
Published
2022
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49. Anticoagulant selection in relation to the SAMe-TT2R2 score in patients with atrial fibrillation. the GLORIA-AF registry

Author

George Ntaios, Menno V. Huisman, Hans-Christoph Diener, Jonathan L. Halperin, Christine Teutsch, Sabrina Marler, Venkatesh K. Gurusamy, Milla Thompson, Gregory Y.H. Lip, Brian Olshansky, Dzifa Wosornu Abban, Nasser Abdul, Atilio Marcelo Abud, Fran Adams, Srinivas Addala, Pedro Adragão, Walter Ageno, Rajesh Aggarwal, Sergio Agosti, Piergiuseppe Agostoni, Francisco Aguilar, Julio Aguilar Linares, Luis Aguinaga, Jameel Ahmed, Allessandro Aiello, Paul Ainsworth, Jorge Roberto Aiub, Raed Al-Dallow, Lisa Alderson, Jorge Antonio Aldrete Velasco, Dimitrios Alexopoulos, Fernando Alfonso Manterola, Pareed Aliyar, David Alonso, Fernando Augusto Alves da Costa, José Amado, Walid Amara, Mathieu Amelot, Nima Amjadi, Fabrizio Ammirati, Marianna Andrade, Nabil Andrawis, Giorgio Annoni, Gerardo Ansalone, M.Kevin Ariani, Juan Carlos Arias, Sébastien Armero, Chander Arora, Muhammad Shakil Aslam, M. Asselman, Philippe Audouin, Charles Augenbraun, S. Aydin, Ivaneta Ayryanova, Emad Aziz, Luciano Marcelo Backes, E. Badings, Ermentina Bagni, Seth H. Baker, Richard Bala, Antonio Baldi, Shigenobu Bando, Subhash Banerjee, Alan Bank, Gonzalo Barón Esquivias, Craig Barr, Maria Bartlett, Vanja Basic Kes, Giovanni Baula, Steffen Behrens, Alan Bell, Raffaella Benedetti, Juan Benezet Mazuecos, Bouziane Benhalima, Jutta Bergler-Klein, Jean-Baptiste Berneau, Richard A. Bernstein, Percy Berrospi, Sergio Berti, Andrea Berz, Elizabeth Best, Paulo Bettencourt, Robert Betzu, Ravi Bhagwat, Luna Bhatta, Francesco Biscione, Giovanni BISIGNANI, Toby Black, Michael J. Bloch, Stephen Bloom, Edwin Blumberg, Mario Bo, Ellen Bøhmer, Andreas Bollmann, Maria Grazia Bongiorni, Giuseppe Boriani, D.J. Boswijk, Jochen Bott, Edo Bottacchi, Marica Bracic Kalan, Drew Bradman, Donald Brautigam, Nicolas Breton, P.J.A.M. Brouwers, Kevin Browne, Jordi Bruguera Cortada, A. Bruni, Claude Brunschwig, Hervé Buathier, Aurélie Buhl, John Bullinga, Jose Walter Cabrera, Alberto Caccavo, Shanglang Cai, Sarah Caine, Leonardo Calò, Valeria Calvi, Mauricio Camarillo Sánchez, Rui Candeias, Vincenzo Capuano, Alessandro Capucci, Ronald Caputo, Tatiana Cárdenas Rizo, Francisco Cardona, Francisco Carlos da Costa Darrieux, Yan Carlos Duarte Vera, Antonio Carolei, Susana Carreño, Paula Carvalho, Susanna Cary, Gavino Casu, Claudio Cavallini, Guillaume Cayla, Aldo Celentano, Tae-Joon Cha, Kwang Soo Cha, Jei Keon Chae, Kathrine Chalamidas, Krishnan Challappa, Sunil Prakash Chand, Harinath Chandrashekar, Ludovic Chartier, Kausik Chatterjee, Carlos Antero Chavez Ayala, Aamir Cheema, Amjad Cheema, Lin Chen, Shih-Ann Chen, Jyh Hong Chen, Fu-Tien Chiang, Francesco Chiarella, Lin Chih-Chan, Yong Keun Cho, Jong-Il Choi, Dong Ju Choi, Guy Chouinard, Danny Hoi-Fan Chow, Dimitrios Chrysos, Galina Chumakova, Eduardo Julián José Roberto Chuquiure Valenzuela, Nicoleta Cindea Nica, David J. Cislowski, Anthony Clay, Piers Clifford, Andrew Cohen, Michael Cohen, Serge Cohen, Furio Colivicchi, Ronan Collins, Paolo Colonna, Steve Compton, Derek Connolly, Alberto Conti, Gabriel Contreras Buenostro, Gregg Coodley, Martin Cooper, Julian Coronel, Giovanni Corso, Juan Cosín Sales, Yves Cottin, John Covalesky, Aurel Cracan, Filippo Crea, Peter Crean, James Crenshaw, Tina Cullen, Harald Darius, Patrick Dary, Olivier Dascotte, Ira Dauber, Vicente Davalos, Ruth Davies, Gershan Davis, Jean-Marc Davy, Mark Dayer, Marzia De Biasio, Silvana De Bonis, Raffaele De Caterina, Teresiano De Franceschi, J.R. de Groot, José De Horta, Axel De La Briolle, Gilberto de la Pena Topete, Angelo Amato Vicenzo de Paola, Weimar de Souza, A. de Veer, Luc De Wolf, Eric Decoulx, Sasalu Deepak, Pascal Defaye, Freddy Del-Carpio Munoz, Diana Delic Brkljacic, N. Joseph Deumite, Silvia Di Legge, Igor Diemberger, Denise Dietz, Pedro Dionísio, Qiang Dong, Fabio Rossi dos Santos, Elena Dotcheva, Rami Doukky, Anthony D'Souza, Simon Dubrey, Xavier Ducrocq, Dmitry Dupljakov, Mauricio Duque, Dipankar Dutta, Nathalie Duvilla, A. Duygun, Rainer Dziewas, Charles B. Eaton, William Eaves, L.A. Ebels-Tuinbeek, Clifford Ehrlich, Sabine Eichinger-Hasenauer, Steven J. Eisenberg, Adnan El Jabali, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Mauro Esteves Hernandes, Ana Etxeberria Izal, Rudolph Evonich, Oksana Evseeva, Andrey Ezhov, Raed Fahmy, Quan Fang, Ramin Farsad, Laurent Fauchier, Stefano Favale, Maxime Fayard, Jose Luis Fedele, Francesco Fedele, Olga Fedorishina, Steven R. Fera, Luis Gustavo Gomes Ferreira, Jorge Ferreira, Claudio Ferri, Anna Ferrier, Hugo Ferro, Alexandra Finsen, Brian First, Stuart Fischer, Catarina Fonseca, Luísa Fonseca Almeida, Steven Forman, Brad Frandsen, William French, Keith Friedman, Athena Friese, Ana Gabriela Fruntelata, Shigeru Fujii, Stefano Fumagalli, Marta Fundamenski, Yutaka Furukawa, Matthias Gabelmann, Nashwa Gabra, Niels Gadsbøll, Michel Galinier, Anders Gammelgaard, Priya Ganeshkumar, Christopher Gans, Antonio Garcia Quintana, Olivier Gartenlaub, Achille Gaspardone, Conrad Genz, Frédéric Georger, Jean-Louis Georges, Steven Georgeson, Evaldas Giedrimas, Mariusz Gierba, Ignacio Gil Ortega, Eve Gillespie, Alberto Giniger, Michael C. Giudici, Alexandros Gkotsis, Taya V. Glotzer, Joachim Gmehling, Jacek Gniot, Peter Goethals, Seth Goldbarg, Ronald Goldberg, Britta Goldmann, Sergey Golitsyn, Silvia Gómez, Juan Gomez Mesa, Vicente Bertomeu Gonzalez, Jesus Antonio Gonzalez Hermosillo, Víctor Manuel González López, Hervé Gorka, Charles Gornick, Diana Gorog, Venkat Gottipaty, Pascal Goube, Ioannis Goudevenos, Brett Graham, G. Stephen Greer, Uwe Gremmler, Paul G. Grena, Martin Grond, Edoardo Gronda, Gerian Grönefeld, Xiang Gu, Ivett Guadalupe Torres Torres, Gabriele Guardigli, Carolina Guevara, Alexandre Guignier, Michele Gulizia, Michael Gumbley, Albrecht Günther, Andrew Ha, Georgios Hahalis, Joseph Hakas, Christian Hall, Bing Han, Seongwook Han, Joe Hargrove, David Hargroves, Kenneth B. Harris, Tetsuya Haruna, Emil Hayek, Jeff Healey, Steven Hearne, Michael Heffernan, Geir Heggelund, J.A. Heijmeriks, Maarten Hemels, I. Hendriks, Sam Henein, Sung-Ho Her, Paul Hermany, Jorge Eduardo Hernández Del Río, Yorihiko Higashino, Michael Hill, Tetsuo Hisadome, Eiji Hishida, Etienne Hoffer, Matthew Hoghton, Kui Hong, Suk keun Hong, Stevie Horbach, Masataka Horiuchi, Yinglong Hou, Jeff Hsing, Chi-Hung Huang, David Huckins, null kathy Hughes, A. Huizinga, E.L. Hulsman, Kuo-Chun Hung, Gyo-Seung Hwang, Margaret Ikpoh, Davide Imberti, Hüseyin Ince, Ciro Indolfi, Shujiro Inoue, Didier Irles, Harukazu Iseki, C. Noah Israel, Bruce Iteld, Venkat Iyer, Ewart Jackson-Voyzey, Naseem Jaffrani, Frank Jäger, Martin James, Sung-Won Jang, Nicolas Jaramillo, Nabil Jarmukli, Robert J. Jeanfreau, Ronald D. Jenkins, Carlos Jerjes Sánchez, Javier Jimenez, Robert Jobe, Tomas Joen-Jakobsen, Nicholas Jones, Jose Carlos Moura Jorge, Bernard Jouve, Byung Chun Jung, Kyung Tae Jung, Werner Jung, Mikhail Kachkovskiy, Krystallenia Kafkala, Larisa Kalinina, Bernd Kallmünzer, Farzan Kamali, Takehiro Kamo, Priit Kampus, Hisham Kashou, Andreas Kastrup, Apostolos Katsivas, Elizabeth Kaufman, Kazuya Kawai, Kenji Kawajiri, John F. Kazmierski, P. Keeling, José Francisco Kerr Saraiva, Galina Ketova, AJIT Singh Khaira, Aleksey Khripun, Doo-Il Kim, Young Hoon Kim, Nam Ho Kim, Dae Kyeong Kim, Jeong Su Kim, June Soo Kim, Ki Seok Kim, Jin bae Kim, Elena Kinova, Alexander Klein, James J. Kmetzo, G. Larsen Kneller, Aleksandar Knezevic, Su Mei Angela Koh, Shunichi Koide, Anastasios Kollias, J.A. Kooistra, Jay Koons, Martin Koschutnik, William J. Kostis, Dragan Kovacic, Jacek Kowalczyk, Natalya Koziolova, Peter Kraft, Johannes A. Kragten, Mori Krantz, Lars Krause, B.J. Krenning, F. Krikke, Z. Kromhout, Waldemar Krysiak, Priya Kumar, Thomas Kümler, Malte Kuniss, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Achim Küppers, Karla Kurrelmeyer, Choong Hwan Kwak, Bénédicte Laboulle, Arthur Labovitz, Wen Ter Lai, Andy Lam, Yat Yin Lam, Fernando Lanas Zanetti, Charles Landau, Giancarlo Landini, Estêvão Lanna Figueiredo, Torben Larsen, Karine Lavandier, Jessica LeBlanc, Moon Hyoung Lee, Chang-Hoon Lee, John Lehman, Ana Leitão, Nicolas Lellouche, Malgorzata Lelonek, Radoslaw Lenarczyk, T. Lenderink, Salvador León González, Peter Leong-Sit, Matthias Leschke, Nicolas Ley, Zhanquan Li, Xiaodong Li, Weihua Li, Xiaoming Li, Christhoh Lichy, Ira Lieber, Ramon Horacio Limon Rodriguez, Hailong Lin, Feng Liu, Hengliang Liu, Guillermo Llamas Esperon, Nassip Llerena Navarro, Eric Lo, Sergiy Lokshyn, Amador López, José Luís López-Sendón, Adalberto Menezes Lorga Filho, Richard S. Lorraine, Carlos Alberto Luengas, Robert Luke, Ming Luo, Steven Lupovitch, Philippe Lyrer, Changsheng Ma, Genshan Ma, Irene Madariaga, Koji Maeno, Dominique Magnin, Gustavo Maid, Sumeet K. Mainigi, Konstantinos Makaritsis, Rohit Malhotra, Rickey Manning, Athanasios Manolis, Helard Andres Manrique Hurtado, Ioannis Mantas, Fernando Manzur Jattin, Vicky Maqueda, Niccolo Marchionni, Francisco Marin Ortuno, Antonio Martín Santana, Jorge Martinez, Petra Maskova, Norberto Matadamas Hernandez, Katsuhiro Matsuda, Tillmann Maurer, Ciro Mauro, Erik May, Nolan Mayer, John McClure, Terry McCormack, William McGarity, Hugh McIntyre, Brent McLaurin, Feliz Alvaro Medina Palomino, Francesco Melandri, Hiroshi Meno, Dhananjai Menzies, Marco Mercader, Christian Meyer, Beat j. Meyer, Jacek Miarka, Frank Mibach, Dominik Michalski, Patrik Michel, Rami Mihail Chreih, Ghiath Mikdadi, Milan Mikus, Davor Milicic, Constantin Militaru, Sedi Minaie, Bogdan Minescu, Iveta Mintale, Tristan Mirault, Michael J. Mirro, Dinesh Mistry, Nicoleta Violeta Miu, Naomasa Miyamoto, Tiziano Moccetti, Akber Mohammed, Azlisham Mohd Nor, Michael Mollerus, Giulio Molon, Sergio Mondillo, Patrícia Moniz, Lluis Mont, Vicente Montagud, Oscar Montaña, Cristina Monti, Luciano Moretti, Kiyoo Mori, Andrew Moriarty, Jacek Morka, Luigi Moschini, Nikitas Moschos, Andreas Mügge, Thomas J. Mulhearn, Carmen Muresan, Michela Muriago, Wlodzimierz Musial, Carl W. Musser, Francesco Musumeci, Thuraia Nageh, Hidemitsu Nakagawa, Yuichiro Nakamura, Toru Nakayama, Gi-Byoung Nam, Michele Nanna, Indira Natarajan, Hemal M. Nayak, Stefan Naydenov, Jurica Nazli, Alexandru Cristian Nechita, Libor Nechvatal, Sandra Adela Negron, James Neiman, Fernando Carvalho Neuenschwander, David Neves, Anna Neykova, Ricardo Nicolás Miguel, George Nijmeh, Alexey Nizov, Rodrigo Noronha Campos, Janko Nossan, Tatiana Novikova, Ewa Nowalany-Kozielska, Emmanuel Nsah, Juan Carlos Nunez Fragoso, Svetlana Nurgalieva, Dieter Nuyens, Ole Nyvad, Manuel Odin de Los Rios Ibarra, Philip O'Donnell, Martin O'Donnell, Seil Oh, Yong Seog Oh, Dongjin Oh, Gilles O'Hara, Kostas Oikonomou, Claudia Olivares, Richard Oliver, Rafael Olvera Ruiz, Christoforos Olympios, null Anna omaszuk-Kazberuk, Joaquín Osca Asensi, null eena Padayattil jose, Francisco Gerardo Padilla Padilla, Victoria Padilla Rios, Giuseppe Pajes, A. Shekhar Pandey, Gaetano Paparella, F. Paris, Hyung Wook Park, Jong Sung Park, Fragkiskos Parthenakis, Enrico Passamonti, Rajesh J. Patel, Jaydutt Patel, Mehool Patel, Janice Patrick, Ricardo Pavón Jimenez, Analía Paz, Vittorio Pengo, William Pentz, Beatriz Pérez, Alma Minerva Pérez Ríos, Alejandro Pérez-Cabezas, Richard Perlman, Viktor Persic, Francesco Perticone, Terri K. Peters, Sanjiv Petkar, Luis Felipe Pezo, Christian Pflücke, David N. Pham, Roland T. Phillips, Stephen Phlaum, Denis Pieters, Julien Pineau, Arnold Pinter, Fausto Pinto, R. Pisters, Nediljko Pivac, Darko Pocanic, Cristian Podoleanu, Alessandro Politano, Zdravka Poljakovic, Stewart Pollock, Jose Polo Garcéa, Holger Poppert, Maurizio Porcu, Antonio Pose Reino, Neeraj Prasad, Dalton Bertolim Précoma, Alessandro Prelle, John Prodafikas, Konstantin Protasov, Maurice Pye, Zhaohui Qiu, Jean-Michel Quedillac, Dimitar Raev, Carlos Antonio Raffo Grado, Sidiqullah Rahimi, Arturo Raisaro, Bhola Rama, Ricardo Ramos, Maria Ranieri, Nuno Raposo, Eric Rashba, Ursula Rauch-Kroehnert, Ramakota Reddy, Giulia Renda, Shabbir Reza, Luigi Ria, Dimitrios Richter, Hans Rickli, Werner Rieker, Tomas Ripolil Vera, Luiz Eduardo Ritt, Douglas Roberts, Ignacio Rodriguez Briones, Aldo Edwin Rodriguez Escudero, Carlos Rodríguez Pascual, Mark Roman, Francesco Romeo, E. Ronner, Jean-Francois Roux, Nadezda Rozkova, Miroslav Rubacek, Frank Rubalcava, Andrea M. Russo, Matthieu Pierre Rutgers, Karin Rybak, Samir Said, Tamotsu Sakamoto, Abraham Salacata, Adrien Salem, Rafael Salguero Bodes, Marco A. Saltzman, Alessandro Salvioni, Gregorio Sanchez Vallejo, Marcelo Sanmartín Fernández, Wladmir Faustino Saporito, Kesari Sarikonda, Taishi Sasaoka, Hamdi Sati, Irina Savelieva, Pierre-Jean Scala, Peter Schellinger, Carlos Scherr, Lisa Schmitz, Karl-Heinz Schmitz, Bettina Schmitz, Teresa Schnabel, Steffen Schnupp, Peter Schoeniger, Norbert Schön, Peter Schwimmbeck, Clare Seamark, Greg Searles, Karl-Heinz Seidl, Barry Seidman, Jaroslaw Sek, Lakshmanan Sekaran, Carlo SERRATI, Neerav Shah, Vinay Shah, Anil Shah, Shujahat Shah, Vijay Kumar Sharma, Louise Shaw, Khalid H. Sheikh, Naruhito Shimizu, Hideki Shimomura, Dong-Gu Shin, Eun-Seok Shin, Junya Shite, Gerolamo Sibilio, Frank Silver, Iveta Sime, Tim A. Simmers, Narendra Singh, Peter Siostrzonek, Didier Smadja, David W. Smith, Marcelo Snitman, Dario Sobral Filho, Hassan Soda, Carl Sofley, Adam Sokal, Yannie Soo Oi Yan, Rodolfo Sotolongo, Olga Ferreira de Souza, Jon Arne Sparby, Jindrich Spinar, David Sprigings, Alex C. Spyropoulos, Dimitrios Stakos, Clemens Steinwender, George Stergiou, Ian Stiell, Marcus Stoddard, Anastas Stoikov, Witold Streb, Ioannis Styliadis, Guohai Su, Xi Su, Wanda Sudnik, Kai Sukles, Xiaofei Sun, H. Swart, Janko Szavits-Nossan, Jens Taggeselle, Yuichiro Takagi, Amrit Pal Singh Takhar, Angelika Tamm, Katsumi Tanaka, Tanyanan Tanawuttiwat, Sherman Tang, Aylmer Tang, Giovanni Tarsi, Tiziana Tassinari, Ashis Tayal, Muzahir Tayebjee, J.M. ten Berg, Dan Tesloianu, Salem H.K. The, Dierk Thomas, Serge Timsit, Tetsuya Tobaru, Andrzej R. Tomasik, Mikhail Torosoff, Emmanuel Touze, Elina Trendafilova, W. Kevin Tsai, Hung Fat Tse, Hiroshi Tsutsui, Tian Ming Tu, Ype Tuininga, Minang Turakhia, Samir Turk, Wayne Tcurner, Arnljot Tveit, Richard Tytus, C. 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Subjects
Oral, medicine.medical_specialty, anticoagulants, Vitamin K, medicine.drug_class, Medizin, Administration, Oral, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Antithrombotic treatment, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Antithrombotic, medicine, non-vitamin-K antagonist oral anticoagulant, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, Humans, SAMe-TT2R2, In patient, atrial fibrillation, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Registries, Medical prescription, business.industry, Anticoagulant, non-vitamin-K antagonist oral, Atrial fibrillation, medicine.disease, non-vitamin-K antagonist oral anticoagulants, Clinical trial, Stroke, Treatment Outcome, SAMe-TT, RC666-701, 2, R, vitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants, Administration, Settore MED/11 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO CARDIOVASCOLARE, SAMe-TT R, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

CA extern - Weitere Nicht-UDE-Autoren sind nicht genannt. Aim: The SAMe-TT2R2 score helps identify patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) likely to have poor anticoagulation control during anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and those with scores >2 might be better managed with a target-specific oral anticoagulant (NOAC). We hypothesized that in clinical practice, VKAs may be prescribed less frequently to patients with AF and SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 than to patients with lower scores. Methods and results: We analyzed the Phase III dataset of the Global Registry on Long-Term Oral Antithrombotic Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (GLORIA-AF), a large, global, prospective global registry of patients with newly diagnosed AF and ≥1 stroke risk factor. We compared baseline clinical characteristics and antithrombotic prescriptions to determine the probability of the VKA prescription among anticoagulated patients with the baseline SAMe-TT2R2 score >2 and ≤ 2. Among 17,465 anticoagulated patients with AF, 4,828 (27.6%) patients were prescribed VKA and 12,637 (72.4%) patients an NOAC: 11,884 (68.0%) patients had SAMe-TT2R2 scores 0-2 and 5,581 (32.0%) patients had scores >2. The proportion of patients prescribed VKA was 28.0% among patients with SAMe-TT2R2 scores >2 and 27.5% in those with scores ≤2. Conclusions: The lack of a clear association between the SAMe-TT2R2 score and anticoagulant selection may be attributed to the relative efficacy and safety profiles between NOACs and VKAs as well as to the absence of trial evidence that an SAMe-TT2R2-guided strategy for the selection of the type of anticoagulation in NVAF patients has an impact on clinical outcomes of efficacy and safety. The latter hypothesis is currently being tested in a randomized controlled trial. Clinical trial registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov//Unique identifier: NCT01937377, NCT01468701, and NCT01671007. © 2020 Hellenic Society of Cardiology

Published
2021

50. Negative Differential Resistance: Double Negative Differential Resistance Device Based on Hafnium Disulfide/Pentacene Hybrid Structure (Adv. Sci. 19/2020)

Author

Sungho Kim, Jeong Ho Cho, Keun Heo, Jin-Hong Park, Maksim Andreev, Ki Seok Kim, Kil-Su Jung, Min Je Kim, Jinok Kim, Seunghwan Seo, Kwan-Ho Kim, Ji‐Hye Lim, and Geun Yong Yeom

Subjects
Back Cover, Materials science, General Chemical Engineering, General Engineering, Double negative, Disulfide bond, General Physics and Astronomy, Medicine (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous), Hafnium, Pentacene, Crystallography, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, General Materials Science, Differential (mathematics)
Abstract

In article number 2000991, Jeong Ho Cho, Jin‐Hong Park, and co‐workers report a double negative differential resistance (D‐NDR) characteristic of a hybrid 2D van der Waals (2D vdW)/organic tunneling device consisting of a hafnium disulfide/pentacene heterojunction and a 3D pentacene resistor. This D‐NDR device technology based on a hybrid 2D vdW/organic heterostructure provides a scientific foundation for various circuit applications that require the NDR phenomenon. [Image: see text]

Published
2020

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