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This article examines the philosophical perspective of Islamic education on the personality of Muslim educators. This study is important considering that the concept of education in the Islamic world is influenced by a secular Western worldview. In fact, Muslims have a distinctive worldview derived from the Qur'an, hadith and ijtihad of the scholars. The research method uses literature study research, which is a series of activities related to the method of collecting library data, reading, analyzing and managing information obtained from various literacy sources. The results of the study obtained an explanation related to the concept of educators in the perspective of Islamic educational philosophy which is divided into five classifications based on sources from the Qur'an, Hadith, opinions of scholars and educational figures. It is hoped that researchers can then study and develop educators even better by adjusting to the current developments in information and communication technology or the times.

Background: Syria is one of many Arab countries in the Middle East that are undergoing revolution and civil war. It was motivated by the authoritarian attitude of the government and the economic downturn that occurred until there was popular resistance to Bashar al-Assad's regime. This conflict in Syria has attracted worldwide attention, because one of these cases in Syria has entered into the most glaring case today, namely regarding human rights violations. Aim: This paper is intended to discuss the role of the United Nations (UN) in human rights violations in the Syrian conflict, the conflict in Syria the ruling government that uses the tools of the state (military) to deal with protests by its people, thus, triggers a domestic battle between the government (the ruling regime of Bashar al-Assad) and the civilians. Method: This paper uses qualitative research techniques with role theory analysis, with a realist theory approach, namely by describing the roles of international organizations (United Nations) where through secondary data, produce descriptive data according to analysis and existing facts of the subject or object observed. Findings: Efforts by the UN and the international community to uphold human rights in Syria are to send former UN secretary-general Kofi Annan to trade in Syria, as well as the Arab League, which calls for opposition groups to unite and proposes the establishment of a transitional government on the proposal of the UN.

Tujaun penelitian ini adalah ingin menganalisis Pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Dan Jumlah Penduduk Terhadap Kemiskinan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan jenis kuantitatif yang menekankan analisisnya pada data-data numerical (angka) yang diolah dengan metode statistika yang diolah dari kepustakaan (library reseach). Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan data sekunder dengan cara melakukan penelaahan terhadap beberapa buku yang berkaitan dengan indikator makro ekonomi yaitu pertumbuhan penduduk, pengangguran dan juga kemiskinan. Data dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Jawa Timur dan BPS Kabupaten Jomabng serta data dari jurnal dan artikel yang berkaitan dengan data pertumbuhan penduduk, pengangguran dan kemiskinan di Kecamatan Ngoro Kabupaten Jombang. Teknik Analisis Data menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian yang didapat ada pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi dan jumlah penduduk terhadap kemiskinan di Kecamatan Ngoro adalah ada pengaruh Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Dan Jumlah Penduduk Terhadap Kemiskinan Di Kecamatan Ngoro secarasignifikan.

Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dan dosen Universitas Darul ‘Ulum Jombang sebagai wujud tridarma perguruan tinggi. Program pengabdian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Sawiji Kecamatan Jogoroto Kabupaten Jombang oleh Kelompok KKM Universitas Darul ‘Ulum Jombang. Kegiatan ini bertujuan membantu anggota Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga (PKK) untuk mengembangkan program Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) di dalamnya terdapat tanaman toga. Metode yang digunakan adalah sosialisasi pembuatan jamu instan dan pendampingan proses produksi. Kurangnya pemahaman tentang manfaaat dan pengolahan tanaman toga sekarang ini maka perlu diadakan sosialisasi untuk anggota ibu-ibu PKK.

Membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) has been considered as an innovative technology to solve aeration issues in conventional bioreactors. MABR uses a membrane to supply oxygen to biofilm grown on the membrane surface. MABR can perform bubbleless aeration with high oxygen transfer rates, which can reduce energy requirements and expenses. In addition, a unique feature of counter-diffusion creates a stratified biofilm structure, allowing the simultaneous nitrification–denitrification process to take place in a single MABR. Controlling the biofilm is crucial in MABR operation, since its thickness significantly affects MABR performance. Several approaches have been proposed to control biofilm growth, such as increasing shear stress, adding chemical agents (e.g., surfactant), using biological predators to suppress microorganism growth, and introducing ultrasound cavitation to detach biofilm. Several studies also showed the important role of membrane properties and configuration in biofilm development. In addition, MABR demonstrates high removal rates of pollutants in various wastewater treatments, including in full-scale plants. This review presents the basic principles of MABR and the effect of operational conditions on its performance. Biofilm formation, methods to control its thickness, and membrane materials are also discussed. In addition, MABR performance in various applications, full-scale MBRs, and challenges is summarized.

Carbon dioxide capture from industrial gases (i.e., flue gases and natural gas) is a crucial process for reducing the environmental impacts of acid gas emissions. However, carbon dioxide capture th...

Agricultural development, extensive industrialization, and rapid growth of the global population have inadvertently been accompanied by environmental pollution. Water pollution is exacerbated by the decreasing ability of traditional treatment methods to comply with tightening environmental standards. This review provides a comprehensive description of the principles and applications of electrochemical methods for water purification, ion separations, and energy conversion. Electrochemical methods have attractive features such as compact size, chemical selectivity, broad applicability, and reduced generation of secondary waste. Perhaps the greatest advantage of electrochemical methods, however, is that they remove contaminants directly from the water, while other technologies extract the water from the contaminants, which enables efficient removal of trace pollutants. The review begins with an overview of conventional electrochemical methods, which drive chemical or physical transformations via Faradaic reactions at electrodes, and proceeds to a detailed examination of the two primary mechanisms by which contaminants are separated in nondestructive electrochemical processes, namely electrokinetics and electrosorption. In these sections, special attention is given to emerging methods, such as shock electrodialysis and Faradaic electrosorption. Given the importance of generating clean, renewable energy, which may sometimes be combined with water purification, the review also discusses inverse methods of electrochemical energy conversion based on reverse electrosorption, electrowetting, and electrokinetic phenomena. The review concludes with a discussion of technology comparisons, remaining challenges, and potential innovations for the field such as process intensification and technoeconomic optimization.

A molecularly imprinted affinity membrane (MIAM) can perform separation with high selectivity due to its unique molecular recognition introduced from the molecular-printing technique. In this way, a MIAM is able to separate a specific or targeted molecule from a mixture. In addition, it is possible to achieve high selectivity while maintaining membrane permeability. Various methods have been developed to produce a MIAM with high selectivity and productivity, with their respective advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, the MIAM is reviewed comprehensively, from the fundamentals of the affinity membrane to its applications. First, the development of a MIAM and various preparation methods are presented. Then, applications of MIAMs in sensor, metal ion separation, and organic compound separation are discussed. The last part of the review discusses the outlook of MIAMs for future development.

Penelitian ini membahas penggunaan aidoru otaku yougo yang digunakan dalam media sosial twitter. Fokus utama dari penelitian ini adalah jenis-jenis kelas kata, pembentukan kata, dan perubahan makna kata dari masing-masing aidoru otaku yougo yang terdapat dalam media sosial twitter dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan untuk pengumpulan data berdasarkan sumber data pustaka situs dengan menggunakan teori morfologi dan semantik. Hasil analisis penelitian ini adalah kelas kata meishi 41 istilah dan proses pembentukan pemajemukan kata berjumlah 20 istilah serta proses afiksasi merupakan pembentukan aidoru otaku yougo yang paling sedikit hanya terdapat satu istilah saja. Sedangkan aidoru otaku yougo juga mempunyai perubahan makna sebesar 26 istilah.

Chemical reactions are some of the most crucial processes in industry for creating various important products. Coupling a chemical reaction with membrane separation, also known as a membrane reactor (MR), has been demonstrated in numerous studies, and it has been shown that this strategy can successfully meet the goal of process intensification. Among the membrane materials used, crystalline zeolites display various advantages due to their tailorable pore sizes and physicochemical properties. The traditional applications of zeolite membranes in reactors can be advanced, as zeolites may catalytically convert molecules in a selective manner during equilibrium-controlled reactions. Zeolite membrane reactors (ZMRs) can withstand harsh conditions, allowing their operation over wide ranges of temperature and pressure. This paper reviews various aspects of ZMRs comprehensively, including separation performance, catalytic activity, preparation methods, and potential applications in various reactions. In addition, the final part of this paper also discusses a comparative study of zeolites with metal–organic frameworks to anticipate the future of ZMRs.

Membranes are considered promising tools for gas sweetening due to their lower footprint (i.e., area and energy requirement, considering elimination of solvent/absorbent and its associated regeneration procedures), and ease of scale-up. Performing membrane gas separation is strongly dependent on membrane materials. With a 0.38-nm pore size, the SAPO-34 membrane surpasses the upper bond limit for CO2/CH4 separation. However, preparing defect-free and high-performance zeolite membranes is quite challenging. This paper reviews gas transport and separation mechanisms in SAPO-34 membranes, and it discusses prospective approaches for obtaining membranes with defect-free selective layers and hence high separation performance. Highlights, as well as the authors’ perspectives on the future development of SAPO-34 membranes in the field of gas separation, are pointed out.

This paper reviews recent developments in membrane biosorption and focuses on features and performance of different configurations of membrane biosorption. Biofilm formation, its role, and optimization in biosorption application as well as challenges and strategies for future applications are also discussed. Biosorption has gained increasing attention for wastewater treatment process due to its advantages of high separation efficiency, environmentally friendly, high availability of biomass, and low cost. In addition, biosorbents are reusable since they can be regenerated by employing a wash solution. This also provides the possibility of recovering valuable sorbed components from the concentrated wash solution. It has been demonstrated in several studies that membrane can be used to improve the performance of sorption processes. Membrane biosorption displays interesting features including higher process efficiency and smaller footprint. The membrane enhances contact between the biosorbent and the sorbate (pollutant) resulting in an improved sorption kinetic. Membrane also helps to remove priority pollutant from a wastewater by providing a selective extraction and avoids the mixing between the biosorbent and wastewater. In addition, membrane can improve the contact between gas stream and biosorbent for gas removal from a waste gas stream. It is also possible for supplying bubble-less aeration which improves the biological growth of the biosorbent. Some reported studies show that combined membrane biosorption may allow one to achieve pollutant removal up to three times of the single biosorption process. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed for membrane biosorption application, including diffusion limitation in membrane and uncontrolled biofilm formation. Therefore, it is imperative to identify membranes with appropriate characteristics as well as biofilm control strategies.