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Ibrahim M Gosadi,1 Mohammed M Abualgasem,2 Yasser A Sultan,3 Mohammed Y Bakri,3 Amal M Ageeli,4 Abdulaziz A Kaal,5 Rola A Khmees6 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 2Abu Arish General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 3Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Radiology, King Fahd Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 6Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ibrahim M Gosadi, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 2349, Jazan, 82621, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966562137711, Email gossady@hotmail.comPurpose: Assess adolescents’ body mass index (BMI) profile and the association between BMI category and social determinants.Methods: This cross-sectional study targeted adolescents aged between 12 and 19 from Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected via an online self-administered questionnaire during 2023. The tailored questionnaire measured items related to student demographics, their history of diagnosed chronic conditions, their familial history of chronic diseases, and their eating behavior. A standard chi-square test investigated the relationship between BMI category and social determinants.Results: Five hundred and seventy students completed the study’s questionnaire. The mean age of the sample was 16 (SD: 1.9), and most of the respondents were female (60%). Among the recruited sample, 107 students (20%) are categorized as underweight, while 121 students (22%) are classified as either overweight or obese according to their age. The respondents’ eating behavior indicated that the most frequently consumed meal was dinner, and the majority skipped breakfast some days of the week. Nearly one-third of the sample exhibited emotional eating. Low consumption of healthier food options, such as fruits, vegetables, low-fat products, and whole grain products among the adolescents was noted. An assessment of BMI level distribution among the respondents according to their demographic characteristics indicated a higher frequency of overweight and obesity among male adolescents, students in the secondary level, students living with a lower number of siblings, and students with a parental history of diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia (p values < 0.05).Conclusion: A high frequency of BMI abnormality among adolescents was detected. Dietary behavior among the respondents suggests the presence of several unhealthy behaviors. The results of the current study detected an important influence of the family on weight status among these adolescents.Keywords: BMI, adolescents, underweight, overweight, obesity

Mousa Ghazwani,1 Syed Esam Mahmood,2 Ibrahim M Gosadi,3 Ahmed A Bahri,3 Sulaiman H Ghazwani,4 Rola A Khmees3 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maternity and Children Hospital, Abha, Aseer, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Mousa Ghazwani, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Maternity and Children hospital, Abha, Aseer, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966598556587, Email Zidani120@gmail.comPurpose: To assess the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its determinants among adults in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia.Methods: This data was collected during interviews utilizing a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire measured the demographics, diagnosis with dyslipidemia, and distribution of dyslipidemia determinants among the sample, including dietary habits and lifestyle practices. A chi-square test was used to examine the statistical difference between the characteristics of individuals who had reported checking their lipid profile to those who reported never performing a lipid profile check-up among participants not diagnosed with dyslipidemia.Results: The current study included a total of 244 participants. The median age of the participants was 27 years, most participants were female (66.8%), and about 59% had a university education or above. Approximately 40% of the participants had ever had their lipid profile checked, 20.1% of the participants had been diagnosed with dyslipidemia, and 20.9% had family history of dyslipidemia. Most of the undiagnosed participants (79.9%) had more than one risk factor for developing dyslipidemia. All the participants without a dyslipidemia diagnosis had not been meeting the recommended levels of physical activity, and more than half consumed a high-fat diet. The results of the inferential analysis indicate that among those who had not been diagnosed with dyslipidemia, participants who were older than 27 years, male, unemployed, married, had a university education or above, and a minimum monthly income of 5000 Saudi Arabia Riyals were more likely to check their lipid profile compared to other groups (p-values < 0.05).Conclusion: The findings suggest that most of the participants who had not been diagnosed with dyslipidemia are at high risk of developing dyslipidemia. About 60% of the participants had never checked their lipid profile, suggesting a need to promote routine lipid profile check-ups among individuals at high-risk for dyslipidemia.Keywords: dyslipidemia, check-up, determinants, lipid, adult population, Saudi Arabia

Majed A Ryani,1 Ali Alshahrani,2 Rola A Khmees,3 Ibrahim M Gosadi1 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 2Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, Saudi Arabia; 3Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Majed A Ryani, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 2349, Jazan, 82621, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966593772077, Email majedryani@gmail.comPurpose: This study aims to investigate the potential association between use of WhatsApp in healthcare settings for work-related purposes and depression, stress, and anxiety levels among a sample of healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of healthcare employees working in different hospitals in Jazan. The data was collected via a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire with three components that measured the demographics of the sample; the presence of depression, anxiety, and stress; and their use of WhatsApp in the work environment. A multivariate regression analysis was carried out to estimate the statistical likelihood of depression, anxiety, and stress as a result of using WhatsApp and how these factors affected occupational and social relationships.Results: A total of 294 healthcare workers participated in the current study. The median age of the participants was 32 years, and the gender distribution was almost even. Over 90% of the participants stated that they were members of work-related WhatsApp groups, and nearly 70% agreed that use of WhatsApp in work-related settings could be stressful. Among the recruited sample, 48.6% exhibited abnormal levels of depression, 55.8% had abnormal levels of anxiety, and 63% showed abnormal levels of stress. The findings of the regression analysis (P values < 0.05) indicated that the likelihood of these participants suffering with depression, anxiety, and stress was high, with the participants themselves agreeing that using WhatsApp in work settings could be stressful and affect their relationships with colleagues, friends, and family members.Conclusion: The findings suggests the presence of a potential association between use of WhatsApp for work-related purposes and levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, especially among those who perceive its use as a stressor and influencer on occupational and social relationships.Keywords: WhatsApp, depression, stress, anxiety, healthcare, Saudi Arabia

Ibrahim M Gosadi,1 Atheer A AlTalhi,2 Amal J Alfaifi,3 Rola A Khmees,4 Norah M Qassadi4 1Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Dr.Soliman Fakeeh Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Family Medicine, Jazan Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; 4Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Ibrahim M Gosadi, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 2349, Jazan, 82621, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 562137711, Email gossady@hotmil.comPurpose: The Saudi Ministry of Health’s electronic health (e-health) initiative aims to promote the higher use of electronic medical records and has established multiple health applications to facilitate access to healthcare. The current investigation measured the satisfaction and experience of physicians concerning e-health systems and identified the factors associated with their satisfaction level.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional investigation targeting physicians working in primary healthcare centers and hospitals in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire between July and September 2022, which was distributed via online platforms. The questionnaire included sections measuring the physicians’ demographic data and their experiences with e-health systems, including information technology (IT) support, training, software design, workload, physician and patient support, and data quality. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were used to assess associations between physicians’ satisfaction levels and the measured demographics.Results: A total of 445 physicians participated in the current investigation. The median age of the participants was 27, and more than half (58.4%) were male. The median level of the satisfaction score was 4 and varied between – 30 (indicating the lowest satisfaction level) and 23 (indicating the highest satisfaction level). Employment rank and work settings were statistically associated with the level of satisfaction (P values < 0.05). The participating physicians were overall satisfied with the e-health systems’ impact on their clinical workflow and ability to reduce their work hours but were less satisfied with the training required to use these systems.Conclusion: A good overall satisfaction level with the established e-health systems in the Jazan region was detected. Senior physicians and physicians working in primary healthcare settings exhibited lower satisfaction levels, indicating a need for further investigations to identify the challenges of using e-health systems in these settings, especially among senior physicians.Keywords: e-health, experience, satisfaction, physicians, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Breast cancer (BC) screening is vital, as it is linked to a greater likelihood of survival, more effective treatment, and better quality of life. One of the most extensively applied models for conceptualizing probable barriers and facilitators to the adoption of desired health behavior is the health belief model (HBM). This study aimed to assess the impact of health perception and knowledge on breast self-examination intention (BSE) using HBM. HBM measures specific factors (perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers, benefits, cues to action, and self-efficacy) that impact one's intention to use BSE. Data were collected from female undergraduate students ( n = 680) using a cross-sectional design, stratified simple random sampling, and a self-administered structured online questionnaire. We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate our assumptions for students who intended to self-examine for BC. For demographic factors, we modified the multivariate model. Most respondents (93%) were under the age of 24 years. Female students from health colleges (48.5%), in their fourth academic year (42.6%), and from the southern region (57.6%) accounted for the majority of the sample. Respondents with a family history of BC were 9.7% of the total. Categories for age, college, region, residency, and BSE intention showed significant differences in their average knowledge scores. The survey revealed that 72.4% were aware of abnormal breast changes. Three constructs of the health belief model (perceived benefit, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy) are good predictors of BSE intention. Theory-based behavioral change interventions are urgently required for students to improve their prevention practices. Furthermore, these interventions will be effective if they are designed to remove barriers to BSE intention, improve female students' self-efficacy, and enlighten them on the benefits of self-examination.