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This article examines the effects of sowing time and plant spacing on the microclimate and yield of Bt cotton crops. The study found that temperature profiles varied throughout the day, with higher temperatures in the morning and lower temperatures in the evening. Late sowing and wider spacing resulted in higher temperature ranges and decreased yield. The study also found that intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) increased with crop growth, with the highest values in early sown and narrow spaced cotton crops. Overall, the article highlights the importance of considering microclimate factors in cotton cultivation to optimize yield. [Extracted from the article]

Climate change such as rising temperature, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, rainfall variability and altering soil physical, chemical and biological properties are observed all around the world. A review over impacts of clim ate change with relation to crops and soil health was done at Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU Hisar. IPCC, 2021 provides new estimates of the chances of crossing the global warming level of 1.5°C in the next decades and finds that unless there are immediate, rapid and large-scale reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, limiting warming to close to 1.5°C or even 2°C will be beyond reach. Impacts of climate change on soil properties are long time process as weather elements induce Physio-chemical reaction with soil which happens slowly in relation to weather elements. Climate change is generally expected to increase the crop yields due to CO2 fertilization, radiation use efficiency and longer growing season but on the other hand, beyond a critical limit it may develop stress conditions like water stress, sun burns, scorching, bark cracking, closure stomata, leaf senescence and abscission etc. that can decrease crop production. Acidification, sodicity and salinization problem can develop in soil due to increase in temperature and acidic rainfall. So it can be held that, climate change would have intensive impacts on cereal and horticulture crops health and production as well as on soil properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pigeonpea, a nutritious crop grown in wide range of environmental condition both in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Time of sowing, a non-monetary input, ensures the complete harmony between vegetative and reproductive phases on one hand whereas on the other hand it also maintain the rhythm of the climate with crop. Further cultivars under suitable environment conditions perform to its full potential and play a crucial role in its overall yield. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS HAU, Hisar, during Kharif season 2017 to evaluate the effect of sowing time and cultivars on growth, development and yield parameters of pigeonpea. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design. Result: Investigation revealed that leaf area index (LAI) and dry matter significantly decreased with delay in sowing at all growth intervals and found higher in crop sown on first fortnight of May. Among varieties, UPAS-120 produced higher LAI and dry matter at all growth intervals followed by Paras and Manak. Crop sown on first fortnight of May produced highest number of primary branches, secondary branches and pods per plant. Also there was a significant increase in seeds per pod, test weight, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index followed by first fortnight of June and second fortnight of June sown crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study aimed to estimate the potential evapotransportation in north-west India. The study was undertaken through giving consideration to the daily maximum and minimum temperature data recorded by the twenty two meteorological stations located in the region. Statistical measures were computed through the use of 'OP Stat' software.