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Hydropsyche obscura Navás 1928 = H. atlanta Botosaneanu 1975; synonymized by Malicky 2005. The larva of this species has been described and diagnosed by Bemmoussat et al. (2021) and Dakki & Tachet (1987). Algerian literature records. Chelif Basin, Ain Defla, Chorfa Wadi, upstream of Djendel; Chelif Basin, Relizane, downstream of Jdiouia (Arab 2004). Blida, Chiffa, Chiffa Wadi; Mazafran Watershed, upstream of El Affroun, Djer Wadi; Medea, Tamezghida, Mouzaia Wadi; Mazafran Watershed, El Hamdania, Chiffa and Sidi Si Baahloul Wadis (Arab 2004). Great Kabylia, Djurdjura Mountains, Tizi Ouzou (Sekhi et al. 2016). Tafna Watershed, Tlemcen, Chouly Wadi at Beny Ghazly (Bemmoussat et al. 2021). International literature records. MOROCCO (Ajakane 1988; Bouzidi 1989; Hajji et al. 2013; Lamri et al. 2016a, 2016b; Mabrouki et al. 2020). Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 22.iii.2013, 1 larva; 07.vi.2013, 1 larva (CSK24). Hammam Melouane, Seghir Wadi (S6) (36°28’52”N, 3°03’00”E), 300 m a.s.l.: 22.ii.2013, 4 larvae; 22.iii.2013, 9 larvae; 25.iv.2013, 1 larva (CSK25). Distribution. Algeria and Morocco. Comment. In Algeria, this north African endemic species was collected for the first time in the study area (Fig. 3), expanding its distribution in the country., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on pages 491-492, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Navas, L. (1928) Insectes Nevropteres et voisins de Barbarie. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord, 19, 183 - 191.","Botosaneanu, L. (1975) Trichopteres recueillis au Maroc par M. I. Miron. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 28 (2), 269 - 276.","Malicky, H. (2005) Einkommentiertes Verzeichnis der Kocherfliegen (Trichoptera) Europas und des Mediterrangebietes. LinzerBiologische Beitrage, 37 (1), 533 - 596. [in German] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4020 - 3026 - 0 _ 1","Dakki, M. & Tachet, H. (1987) Les larves d' Hydropsyche du Maroc (Trichopteres, Hydropsychidae. In: Bournaud, M. & Tachet, H. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Trichoptera. Series Entomologica. Vol. 39. Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 25 - 28. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 4043 - 7 _ 4","Sekhi, S., Haouchine, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., El Alami, M. & Lounaci, A. (2016) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres de Grande-Kabylie (Algerie) [Trichoptera]. Ephemera, 17 (1), 51 - 69. [in French]","Ajakane, A. (1988) Etude hydrobiologique du bassin versant de l'oued N'fis (Haut Atlas marocain). Biotypologie, dynamiquesaisonniere, impact de l'assechement sur les communautes benthiques. Thesis, University Caddi Ayad, Marrakech, 189 pp. [in French]","Bouzidi, A. (1989) Recherches hydrobiologiques sur les Cours d'Eau des Massifs du Haut Atlas (Maroc). Bio-ecologie des Macroinvertebres et Distribution spatiale des Peuplements. Thesis, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, 190 pp. [in French]","Hajji, K., El Alami, M., Bonada, N. & Zamora-Munoz, C. (2013) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres (Trichoptera) du Rif (nord du Maroc). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 37, 181 - 216. [http: // hdl. handle. net / 2445 / 59627 in French].","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Lamrioui, D., Belghyti, D. & Chahlaoui, A. (2016 a) Contribution a la connaissance de la diversite faunistique du bassin versant de la Moulouya (Maroc) [Contribution to the knowledge of faunal diversity in the Moulouya River Basin (Morocco)]. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 7 (6), 2034 - 2041. [http: // www. jmaterenvironsci. com in French]","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Chahlaoui, A. & Belghyti, D. (2016 b) Structure and macroinvertebrate diversity in the Moulouya River Basin, Morocco. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 4 (4), 1116 - 1121. [http: // www. entomoljournal. com /]","Mabrouki, Y., Taybi, A. F., El Alami, M., Wiggers, R. & Berrahou, A. (2020) New data on fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from northeastern Morocco with notes on chorology. Aquatic Insects, 41, 356 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2020.1797817"]}

Hydropsyche incognita Pitsch 1993a Hydropsyche incognita was first described from Germany (Pitsch 1993a). It is a known species with a large distribution in many European countries (Serafin & Cios 2005) but a new species for Algeria and for the Maghreb. It was recorded at two sites of the El Harrach Wadi. The larva of this species has been described and diagnosed by Fischer & Neu (2002), Múrria et al. (2010), Neu & Tobias (2004), Statzner & Mondy (2009), Vieira-Lanero (2000), Waringer & Graf (2011), and Zamora et al. (2017). Characteristic features of the larva of H. incognita are dark brown body color, a straight anterior edge of the frontoclypeal apotome, and a light oral spot and a clear dark Y-shaped patch in the central area of the frontcypeus. Hydropsyche incognita also has a submentum with its lateral lobes elongate and its anterior margin with a small protuberance. Posteroprosternites are darkly pigmented. Abdominal segment VII has gills. Although it is likely our larvae belong to H. incognita, we would like to see the identification confirmed by catching adults as well. International literature records. AUSTRIA (Waringer & Graf 1997). BULGARIA (Kumanski 2007). CZECH and SLOVAK REPUBLICS (Chvojka & Novàk 2001). GERMANY (Pitsch 1993b). HUNGARY (Andrikovics & Kiss 2000). ITALY (Valle & Lodovici 2018; Lodovici & Valle 2020). LUXEMBOURG (Schrankel et al. 2002). NETHERLANDS (Wiggers et al. 2006). POLAND (Serafin & Cios 2005). PORTUGAL (González & Menéndez 2011; Martínez et al. 2016; Terra 1994). ROMANIA (Dumbravă-Dodoacă et al. 2010). SPAIN (Bonada et al. 2004; González & Menéndez 2011; Múrria et al. 2010 Valladolid et al. 2007, 2011). SWITZERLAND (Lubini 2003). Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Hammam Melouane, Seghir Wadi (S6) (36°28’52”N, 3°03’00”E), 300 m a.s.l.: 22.iii.2013, 1 larva (CSK14). Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 22.ii.2013, 2 larvae; 22.iii.2013, 1 larva (CSK15). Distribution. Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula and central and southwestern Europe. So far in North Africa it has been found only in Algeria. Comment. The larva belongs to the H. pellucidula Group. During the sampling period, the species was found in coarse substrate biotopes associated with moderately to rapidly flowing water (Fig. 3)., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on page 489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Pitsch, T. (1993 a) Zur Kenntnis der Hydropsyche pellucidula - Gruppe in Mitteleuropa (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). Braueria, 20, 27 - 32. [in German]","Serafin, E. & Cios, S. (2005) Hydropsyche incognita Pitsch, 1993 (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae) - a new species of caddisfly for the fauna of Poland. Polish Journal of Entomology, 74, 53 - 55.","Fischer, J. & Neu, P. J. (2002) The larva of Hydropsyche botosaneanui Marinkovio Gob podnetic 1966 (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae). Lauterbornia, 43, 95 - 100.","Murria, C., Zamora-Munoz, C., Bonada, N., Ribera, C. & Prat, N. (2010) Genetic and morphological approaches to the problematic presence of three Hydropsyche species of the pellucidula group (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in the westernmost Mediterranean Basin. Aquatic Insects, 32 (2), 85 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2010.482939","Neu, P. J. & Tobias, W. (2004) Die Bestimmung der in Deutschland vorkommen den Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera). Lauterbornia, 51, 1 - 68. [www. biologiezentrum. att, in German]","Statzner, B. & Mondy, N. (2009) Variation of colour patterns in larval Hydropsyche (Trichoptera): Implications for species identifications and the phylogeny of the genus. Limnologica, 39, 177 - 183.","Vieira-Lanero, R. (2000) Las Larvas de los Tricopteros de Galicia (Insecta: Trichoptera). Thesis, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, 611 pp. [in Spanish]","Waringer, J. & Graf, W. (2011) Atlas of central European Trichoptera larvae. Erik Mauch Verlag, Dinkelscherben, 468 pp.","Waringer, J. & Graf, W. (1997) Atlas der osterreichischen Kocherfliegenlarven. Facultas Univeritatsverlag, Wien, 286 pp.","Kumanski, K. (2007) Second addition to volume 15 (Trichoptera: Annulipalpia) and volume 19 (Trichoptera: Integripalpia) of Fauna Bulgarica. Historia Naturalis Bulgarica, 18, 81 - 94.","Chvojka, P. & Novak, K. (2001) Additions and corrections to the checklist of Trichoptera (Insecta) from the Czech and Slovak Republics. Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B, Historia Naturalis, 56, 103 - 120. [2000]","Pitsch, T. (1993 b) Zur Larvaltaxonomie, Faunistik und Okologie mittel europaischer Fliesswasser-Kocherfliegen (Insecta: Trichoptera). Thesis, University of Berlin, Berlin. [unknown pagination, in German]","Andrikovics, S. & Kiss, O. (2000). Bioindication by macroinvertebrates in the Danube. 3. Investigations on the aquatic insect larvae in the Hungarian section of Danube. Hidrolegiai Kozlony, 80, 272 - 274.","Valle, M. & Lodovici, O. (2018) Tricotteri di Calabria (Insecta, Trichoptera). Rivista del Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali \" Enrico Caffi, \" Bergamo, 31, 139 - 186.","Lodovici, O. & Valle, M. (2020) Checklist dei Tricotteri Italiani. Available from: http: // www. trichoptera. it (accessed 1 July 2021)","Schrankel, I., Neu, P. J., Dohet, A. & Schoos, F. (2002) Die Kocherfliegen-Faunaim Grossherzogtum Luxemburg. Lauterbornia, 43, 47 - 64.","Wiggers, R., Hoek, T. H. van den, Maanen, B. van, Higler, L. W. G. & Kleef, H. van (2006) Some rare and new caddis flies recorded for the Netherlands (Trichoptera). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen, 25, 53 - 68.","Gonzalez, M. A. G. & Menendez, J. M. (2011) Checklist of the caddisflies of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (Trichoptera). In: Majecka, K., Majecki, J. & Morse, J. C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 13 th International Symposium on Trichoptera, Zoosymposia, 5 (1), pp. 115 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 5.1.10","Martinez, J., Martin, L. & Gonzalezn, M. A. (2016) New data on the caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) of Asturias (N. Spain). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola De Entomologia, 40 (1 - 2), 43 - 66.","Terra, L. S. W. da (1994) Atlas provisorio dos Tricopteros (Insecta: Trichoptera) de Portugal continental. In: Instituto Florestal (Ed.), Estudos e Informacao 306. Grafica Periferica, Lda., Lisbon, pp. 1 - 102.","Dumbrava-Dodoaca, M., Ogrin, M. F., Putzschler, J. A. & Parvulescu, L. (2010) The distribution of caddisfly fauna (insecta: Trichoptera) in Aninei Mountains (southwestern Romania). Analele Universitatii din Oradea Fascicula Biologie, 17 (1), 95 - 99.","Bonada, N., Zamora-Munoz, C., Rieradevall, M. & Prat, N. (2004) Trichoptera (Insecta) collected in Mediterranean river basins of the Iberian Peninsula: Taxonomic remarks and notes on ecology. Graellsia, 60 (1), 41 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2004. v 60. i 1.192","Valladolid, M., Martinez-Bastida, J. J. & Arauzo, M. (2007) Los Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) del rio Oja (La Rioja, Espana). Limnetica, 26 (1), 199 - 208. [in Spanish] https: // doi. org / 10.23818 / limn. 26.17","Valladolid, M., Martinez-Bastida, J. J. & Arauzo, M. (2011) The Trichoptera fauna of the Oja River (La Rioja, Spain). Zoosymposia, 5, 497 - 507. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 5.1.42","Lubini, V. (2003) Vorlaufige Checkliste der Schweizer Kocherfliegen (Trichoptera). Available from: http: // www. trichopterarpde / checkliste / trichoCheckliste _ Schweiz _ 04 - 03 - 2003 (accessed 1 July 2021)"]}

Hydropsyche sp. The larvae of many species of Hydropsyche have not yet been described and diagnosed. Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 29. v.2010, 1 larva; 07.vi.2013, 1 larva (CSK32). Maktaa Lazreg, Boumaane Wadi (S1) (36°27’27”N, 3°00’27”E), 270 m a.s.l.: 22.iii.2013, 1 larva (CSK33). MaktaaLazreg, El Aach Wadi (S4) (36°28’17”N, 3°00’30”E), 200 m a.s.l.: 02.xi.2012, 1 larva (CSK34). Hammam Melouane, Seghir Wadi (S6) (36°28’52”N, 3°03’00”E), 300 m a.s.l.: 22.ii.2013, 9 larvae; 22.iii.2013, 9 larvae; 25.iv.2013, 2 larvae (CSK35). Comment. The specimen was collected only in the tributaries of El Harrach Wadi between 200 and 410 m a.s.l. (Fig. 3). Adult specimens are needed to identify the species., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on page 492, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895

Hydropsyche resmineda Malicky 1977 The larva of this species was described and diagnosed by Allaya (2003), Bemmoussat et al. (2021), Dakki & Tachet (1987), Malicky & Lounaci (1987), and Samraoui et al. (2020). Algerian literature records. Tizi Ouzou, Aissi Wadi (Lounaci et al. 2000; Malicky & Lounaci 1987). Chelif Basin, Ain Defla, upstream of Djendel (Chorfa Wadi); Medea, Tamezghida, Mouzaia Wadi; and Mazafran Watershed, El Hamdania, Chiffa, and Sidi Si Baahloul Wadis (Arab 2004). Djurdjura Mountains, Tizi Ouzou (Sekhi et al. 2016). Annaba, Seybouse Wadi (Samraoui et al. 2020), Tlemcen, Khemis Wadi (Bemmoussat et al. 2021). International literature records. EUROPE (Malicky 1983). MOROCCO: Berrahou et al. 2001; Dakki 1978, Dakki & Tachet 1987; Fekhaoui et al. 1993; Hajji 2017; Hajji et al. 2013; Lamri et al. 2016a, 2016b; Mabrouki et al. 2020; Tobias & Tobias 2008; Zerrouk et al. 2021). TUNISIA (Allaya 2003; Boumaiza 1994; Kraiem1987). Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Maktaa Lazreg, Boumaane Wadi (S1) (36°27’27”N, 3°00’27”E), 270 m a.s.l.: 13.ix.2012, 2 larvae; 02.xi.2012, 15 larvae; 25.iv.2013, 1 larva (CSK26). Maktaa Lazreg, El Aach Wadi (S4) (36°28’17”N, 3°00’24”E), 200 m a.s.l.: 29.v.2010, 1 larva; 02.xi.2012, 6 larvae; 07.vi.2013, 4 larvae (CSK27). Larbaa, Djemaa Wadi (S10) (36°33’49”N, 3°08’11”E), 80 m a.s.l.: 25.iv.2013, 4 larvae; 07.vi.2013, 9 larvae (CSK28). Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 02.xi.2012, 3 larvae (CSK29). Hammam Melouane, El Harrach Wadi (S5) (36°28’35”N, 3°01’30”E), 180 m a.s.l.: 07.vi.2013, 3 larvae; 22.iii.2013, 3 adults ♂ (CSK30). Hammam Melouane, El Harrach Wadi (S7) (36°29’46”N, 3°02’47”E), 150 m a.s.l.: 02.xi.2012, 1 larva; 22.iii.2013, 1 larva (CSK31) Distribution. Algeria, Europe, Morocco, and Tunisia. Comment. The species is widely distributed in the watershed of El Harrach Wadi (Fig. 3) at altitudes between 80 and 410 m a.s.l., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on page 492, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Malicky, H. (1977) Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hydropsyche guttata - Gruppe (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 29, 1 - 28.","Allaya, W. (2003) Description de cinq larves de trichopteres du genre Hydropsyche recoltees en Tunisie. Braueria (Lunz am See, Austria), 30, 21 - 22. [in French]","Dakki, M. & Tachet, H. (1987) Les larves d' Hydropsyche du Maroc (Trichopteres, Hydropsychidae. In: Bournaud, M. & Tachet, H. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Trichoptera. Series Entomologica. Vol. 39. Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 25 - 28. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 4043 - 7 _ 4","Malicky, H. & Lounaci, A. (1987) Beitrag zur Taxonomie und Faunistik der Kocherfliegen von Tunesien, Algerien und Marokko (Trichoptera). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia, 14, 1 - 20. [in German]","Samraoui, B., Bouhala, Z., Garcia, A. R., Marquez-Rodriguez, J., Ferreras-Romero, M., El-Serehy, H. A. & Samraoui, F. (2020) Trichoptera and Plecoptera of the Seybouse River, northeast Algeria: Distribution, phenology and new records. Zootaxa, 4845 (4), 552 - 564. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4845.4.5","Lounaci, A., Brosse, S., Ait-Mouloud, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., Mebarki, N. & Thomas, A. (2000) Current knowledge of benthic invertebrate diversity in an Algerian stream: A species check-list of the Sebaou River Basin (Tizi Ouzou). Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, 136, 43 - 55.","Sekhi, S., Haouchine, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., El Alami, M. & Lounaci, A. (2016) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres de Grande-Kabylie (Algerie) [Trichoptera]. Ephemera, 17 (1), 51 - 69. [in French]","Malicky, H. (1983) Atlas der Europaischen Kocherfliegen. Junk, The Hague, 298 pp.","Berrahou, A., Cellot, B. & Richoux, P. (2001) Distribution longitudinale des macroinvertebres benthiques de la Moulouya et de ses principaux affluents (Maroc). Annales de Limnologie, 37, 223 - 235. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 2001020","Dakki, M. (1978) Le genre Hydropsyche au Maroc (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique, Rabat, 3, 111 - 120. [in French]","Fekhaoui, M., Dakki, M. & El Agbani, M. (1993) Faune benthique d'une riviere polluee: l'oued Sebou a l'aval de la ville de Fes (Maroc). Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique de Rabat, 17, 21 - 38. [in French]","Hajji, K. (2017) Les Trichopteres du Maroc: Atlas, biogeographie et degre de vulnerabilite. Thesis, Abdelmalek Essadi University, Tetouan, Morocco, 309 pp. [in French]","Hajji, K., El Alami, M., Bonada, N. & Zamora-Munoz, C. (2013) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres (Trichoptera) du Rif (nord du Maroc). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 37, 181 - 216. [http: // hdl. handle. net / 2445 / 59627 in French].","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Lamrioui, D., Belghyti, D. & Chahlaoui, A. (2016 a) Contribution a la connaissance de la diversite faunistique du bassin versant de la Moulouya (Maroc) [Contribution to the knowledge of faunal diversity in the Moulouya River Basin (Morocco)]. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 7 (6), 2034 - 2041. [http: // www. jmaterenvironsci. com in French]","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Chahlaoui, A. & Belghyti, D. (2016 b) Structure and macroinvertebrate diversity in the Moulouya River Basin, Morocco. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 4 (4), 1116 - 1121. [http: // www. entomoljournal. com /]","Mabrouki, Y., Taybi, A. F., El Alami, M., Wiggers, R. & Berrahou, A. (2020) New data on fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from northeastern Morocco with notes on chorology. Aquatic Insects, 41, 356 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2020.1797817","Tobias, W. & Tobias, D. (2008) Trichoptera Africana. Available from: http: // trichoptera. senckenberg. de / Trichoptera % 20 africana / index. htm (assessed 12 February 2022)","Zerrouk, M., Dakki, M., El Agbani, M. A., El Alami, M., Bennas, N., Qninba, A. & Himmi, O. (2021) Evolution of the benthic communities in a north-African river, the upper Sebou (Middle Atlas-Morocco) between 1981 and 2017: effects of global changes. Biologia, 76, 2973 - 2989. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11756 - 021 - 00787 - w","Boumaiza, M. (1994) Recherches sur les eaux courantes de Tunisie. Faunistique, ecologie et biogeographie. Thesis, Tunis University, Tunis, Tunisie, 429 pp. [in French]","Kraiem, M. M. (1987) Contribution a l \" hydrobiologie du reseau hydraulique de l \" Ichkeul (Tunisie). Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 64 (4), 463 - 475. [in French]"]}

Genus Hydropsyche Pictet, 1834 Seven species were collected during the present work in El Harrach Wadi., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on page 488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Pictet, F. J. (1834) Recherches pour servir a l'histoire et l'anatomie des Phryganides. A. Cherbuliez, Geneva, IV + 240 pp., XX pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8547"]}

Genus Rhyacophila F.J. Pictet 1834 Rhyacophila is the only genus of this family found in Algeria. Two species were found and identified, Rhyacophila munda McLachlan 1862 and Rhyacophila urgl Malicky & Lounaci 1987. Rhyacophila munda McLachlan 1862 = R. oreina Navás 1936, synonymized by Botosaneanu & Malicky, 1978. = R. atlantica Navás 1936, synonymized by Botosaneanu & Malicky, 1978. The larva of this species has been described and diagnosed by Viedma & Garcia de Jalón (1980) and Vieira-Lanero (2000). Algerian literature records. Tizi Ouzou, Aissi Wadi (Lounaci et al. 2000; Malicky & Lounaci 1987). Djurdjura Mountains (Sekhi et al. 2016). Tlemcen, Tafna Watershed (Bemmoussa & Abdellaoui-Hassaine 2017). International literature records. MOROCCO (Ajakane 1988; Alaoui 2006; Badri 1985; Bonada et al. 2008; Bouzidi 1989; Dakki 1986; El Agbani 1984; El Bazi et al. 2017; Guellaf et al. 2021; Hajji et al. 2012, 2013; Khadri 2018; Lamri et al. 2016a, 2016b; Mabrouki et al. 2020; Ouahsine 1993; Tayoub 1989; Zerrouk et al. 2021). PORTUGAL (González & Menéndez 2011). SPAIN (Bonada et al. 2004, 2008; González & Menéndez 2011; Martin et al. 2014; Ruiz-Garcia et al. 2006; Ruiz-Garcia & Ferreras-Romero 2008; Vieira-Lanero 2000). TUNISIA (Kraiem 1986; Kumanski 2006; Tobias & Tobias 2008). Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 29.v.2010, 1 larva; 25.vi.2013, 1 larva; 22.ii.2013, 1 larva (CSK01). Maktaa Lazreg, Boumaane Wadi (S1) (36°27’27”N, 3°00’27”E), 270 m a.s.l.: 07.vi.2013, 1 larva (CSK02). Maktaa Lazreg, El Aach Wadi (S4) (36°28’17”N, 3°00’24”E), 200 m a.s.l.: 07.vi.2013, 8 larvae; 25.vi.2013, 1 larva; 22.iii.2013, 1 larva (CSK03). Distribution. Algeria, Morocco, Portugal, Spain, and Tunisia. Comment. We found this West Paleartic species for the first time in the study area. It belongs to the Pararhyacophila Group (Döhler 1950). It was collected in fast-flowing biotopes in the tributaries of the El Harrach Wadi (Fig. 2) between only 200 and 410 m a.s.l., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on page 485, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Pictet, F. J. (1834) Recherches pour servir a l'histoire et l'anatomie des Phryganides. A. Cherbuliez, Geneva, IV + 240 pp., XX pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8547","McLachlan, R. (1862) Characters of new species of exotic Trichoptera; also of one new species inhabiting Britain. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, Series 3, 1, 301 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1862. tb 00608. x","Malicky, H. & Lounaci, A. (1987) Beitrag zur Taxonomie und Faunistik der Kocherfliegen von Tunesien, Algerien und Marokko (Trichoptera). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia, 14, 1 - 20. [in German]","Navas, L. (1936) Insectos de Berberia. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Espana, 18, 77 - 100. [in Spanish]","Botosaneanu, L. & Malicky, H. (1978) Trichoptera. In: Illies, J. (Ed.), Limnofauna Europaea. Eine Zusammenstellung aller die Europaischen Binnengewasser Bewohnenden Mehrzelligen Tierarten mit Angaben uber ihre Verbreitung und Okologie. Gustav Fischer Verlag & Swets Stuttgart and Zeitlinger B. V., Amsterdam, pp. 333 - 359.","Viedma, M. & Garcia de Jalon, D. (1980) Descriptions of four larvae of Rhyacophila (Pararhyacophila) from the Lozoya River, central Spain, and key to the species of the Iberian Peninsula (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae). Aquatic Insects, 2 (1), 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650428009361002","Vieira-Lanero, R. (2000) Las Larvas de los Tricopteros de Galicia (Insecta: Trichoptera). Thesis, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, 611 pp. [in Spanish]","Lounaci, A., Brosse, S., Ait-Mouloud, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., Mebarki, N. & Thomas, A. (2000) Current knowledge of benthic invertebrate diversity in an Algerian stream: A species check-list of the Sebaou River Basin (Tizi Ouzou). Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, 136, 43 - 55.","Sekhi, S., Haouchine, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., El Alami, M. & Lounaci, A. (2016) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres de Grande-Kabylie (Algerie) [Trichoptera]. Ephemera, 17 (1), 51 - 69. [in French]","Ajakane, A. (1988) Etude hydrobiologique du bassin versant de l'oued N'fis (Haut Atlas marocain). Biotypologie, dynamiquesaisonniere, impact de l'assechement sur les communautes benthiques. Thesis, University Caddi Ayad, Marrakech, 189 pp. [in French]","Alaoui, A. (2006) Trichopteres du Bassin de Oued Laou et la region de Fifi (Rif occidental). Thesis, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan, 84 pp. [in French]","Badri, A. (1985) Etude hydrobiologique d'un cours d'eau de plaine en zone semi-aride: Le Tensift. Impact des crues sur la biocenose. Thesis, University of Caddi Ayad, Marrakech, 192 pp. [in French]","Bonada, N., Zamora-Munoz, C., El Alami, M., Murria, C. & Prat, N. (2008) New records of Trichoptera in reference Mediterranean-climate rivers of the Iberian Peninsula and North of Africa: Taxonomical, faunistical and ecological aspects. Graellsia, 64, 189 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2008. v 64. i 2.32","Bouzidi, A. (1989) Recherches hydrobiologiques sur les Cours d'Eau des Massifs du Haut Atlas (Maroc). Bio-ecologie des Macroinvertebres et Distribution spatiale des Peuplements. Thesis, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, 190 pp. [in French]","Dakki, M. (1986) Recherches hydrobiologiques sur le haut Sebou (Moyen Atlas): Une contribution a la connaissance faunistique, ecologique et historique des eaux courantes Sud-mediterraneennes. Thesis, University Mohammed V, Rabat, 214 pp. [in French]","El Agbani, M. (1984) Le reseau hydrographique du bassin versant de l'oued Bou Regreg (plateau central marocain): Essai de biotypologie. Thesis, University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, 147 pp. [in French]","El Bazi, R., El Alami, M., Hajji, K., Errochdi, S., Khadri, O., Slimani, M., & Bennas, N. (2017) Contribution a l'etude de la biodiversite aquatique des aires protegees du Maroc. Les macroinvertebres aquatiques du projet du Parc Naturel de Bouhachem (Nord-Ouest du Maroc) II: Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Plecoptera. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 61, 55 - 66. [in French]","Guellaf, A., El Alami, M., Kassout, J., Errochdi, S., Khadri, O. & Kettani, K. (2021) Diversity and ecology of aquatic insects (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) in the Martil Basin (Northwestern Morocco). Community Ecology, 22, 331 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 42974 - 021 - 00058 - 3","Hajji, K., Zamora-Munoz, C., Bonada, N. & El Alami, M. (2012) Quelques notes sur l'ecologie et distribution des Rhyacophilidae (Trichoptera) du Rif (Nord du Maroc). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 50, 559 - 562. [in French]","Hajji, K., El Alami, M., Bonada, N. & Zamora-Munoz, C. (2013) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres (Trichoptera) du Rif (nord du Maroc). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 37, 181 - 216. [http: // hdl. handle. net / 2445 / 59627 in French].","Khadri, O. (2018) Etude de la Biodiversite et de l'Ecologie des Ephemeropteres, Plecopteres et Trichopteres (Cl. Hexapoda) des cours d'eau de la region ultramafique de Beni Bousera et des sites adjacents (Maroc Nord-occidental). Thesis, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, 205 pp. [in French]","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Lamrioui, D., Belghyti, D. & Chahlaoui, A. (2016 a) Contribution a la connaissance de la diversite faunistique du bassin versant de la Moulouya (Maroc) [Contribution to the knowledge of faunal diversity in the Moulouya River Basin (Morocco)]. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 7 (6), 2034 - 2041. [http: // www. jmaterenvironsci. com in French]","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Chahlaoui, A. & Belghyti, D. (2016 b) Structure and macroinvertebrate diversity in the Moulouya River Basin, Morocco. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 4 (4), 1116 - 1121. [http: // www. entomoljournal. com /]","Mabrouki, Y., Taybi, A. F., El Alami, M., Wiggers, R. & Berrahou, A. (2020) New data on fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from northeastern Morocco with notes on chorology. Aquatic Insects, 41, 356 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2020.1797817","Ouahsine, H. (1993) Les biocenoses d'Invertebres benthiques dans un Torrent du Haut Atlas (Maroc): Le Tiferguine. Structure et repartition du peuplement-Regime alimentaire. Thesis, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, 234 pp. [in French]","Tayoub, H. (1989) Etude hydrobiologique d'un Reseau hydrographique rifain, l'oued Laou: Typologie et Ecologie des Trichopteres. Thesis, University of Rabat, Sale, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region, 137 pp. [in French]","Zerrouk, M., Dakki, M., El Agbani, M. A., El Alami, M., Bennas, N., Qninba, A. & Himmi, O. (2021) Evolution of the benthic communities in a north-African river, the upper Sebou (Middle Atlas-Morocco) between 1981 and 2017: effects of global changes. Biologia, 76, 2973 - 2989. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11756 - 021 - 00787 - w","Gonzalez, M. A. G. & Menendez, J. M. (2011) Checklist of the caddisflies of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (Trichoptera). In: Majecka, K., Majecki, J. & Morse, J. C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 13 th International Symposium on Trichoptera, Zoosymposia, 5 (1), pp. 115 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 5.1.10","Bonada, N., Zamora-Munoz, C., Rieradevall, M. & Prat, N. (2004) Trichoptera (Insecta) collected in Mediterranean river basins of the Iberian Peninsula: Taxonomic remarks and notes on ecology. Graellsia, 60 (1), 41 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2004. v 60. i 1.192","Martin, L., Martinez, J. & Gonzalez, M. A. (2014) Observaciones sobre los tricopteros (Insecta: Trichoptera) de las montanas orientales de Galicia (Sierras de Ancares, Courel e Invernadeiro). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 38 (1 - 2), 67 - 90. [in Spanish]","Ruiz-Garcia, A., Herrera Grao, A. F. & Ferreras-Romero, M. (2006) Distribution of Trichoptera Communities in the Hozgarganta Catchment (Los Alcornocales Natural Park, SW Spain) International Review of Hydrobiology, 91 (1), 71 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 200510822","Ruiz-Garcia, A. & Ferreras-Romero, M. (2008) Distribution patterns of hydropsychids and rhyacophilids species (Trichoptera) in a not regulated Mediterranean river (SW Spain). Limnetica, 27 (2), 227 - 238. https: // doi. org / 10.23818 / limn. 27.18","Kraiem, M. M. (1986) Contribution a l'etude hydrobiologique de trois cours d'eau du Nord-Ouest de la Tunisie. Presentation, physico-chimie et apercu faunistique. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe. Linneenne de Lyon, 55 (3), 96 - 104. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1986.10751","Kumanski, K. (2006) Trichoptera from Tunisia collected by S. Beshkov & B. Schacht, 15 - 21. IV. 2006. Braueria (Lunz am See, Austria), 33, 17 - 19.","Tobias, W. & Tobias, D. (2008) Trichoptera Africana. Available from: http: // trichoptera. senckenberg. de / Trichoptera % 20 africana / index. htm (assessed 12 February 2022)","Dohler, W. (1950) Zur Kenntnis der Gattung Rhyacophila im mitteleuropaischen Raum (Trichoptera). Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, 44, 271 - 293. [in German]"]}

Family HYDROPTILIDAE Stephens 1836 In Algeria, this family is represented by 7 genera and 12 species., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on page 485, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Stephens, J. F. (1836 [1836 - 1837]) Illustrations of British Entomology; or a Synopsis of Indigenous Insects: Containing their Generic and Specific Distinctions; with an Account of their Metamorphoses, Times of Appearance, Localities, Food, and Economy, as far as Practicable. Mandibulata. Vol. VI. Baldwin & Craddock, London. [unknown pagination]"]}

Oxyethira sp. Diagnoses of larvae of most species of Oxyethira have not been published. Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 22.iv.2011, 1 larva; 22.iii.2013, 1 larva (CSK04). Comment. The genus is currently represented in Algeria by two species: Oxyethira unidentata McLachlan 1884 and Oxyethira falcata Morton 1893. The specimens were collected in a single moderately flowing site (S8) (Fig. 2). The species of the larvae cannot be identified; therefore, rearing or molecular sequencing should be performed to identify the species. Algerian literature records for O. unidentata: Tizi Ouzou, Aissi wadi (Malicky & Lounaci 1987; Lounaci et al. 2000) International literature records for O. unidentata: ITALY (Lodovici & Valle 2020). MOROCCO (Ajakane 1988; Dakki 1987; El Agbani 1984; El Alami & Dakki 1998; Hajji et al. 2013, 2017; Lamri et al. 2016a, 2016b; Mabrouki et al. 2020; Tayoub 1989). SPAIN, PORTUGAL, and the Balearic Islands (González & Menéndez 2011). TUNISIA (Tobias & Tobias 2008). Algerian literature records for O. falcata: Algiers, Setif (Lestage 1925; Tobias & Tobias 2008). International literature records for O. falcata: ITALY (Lodovici & Valle 2020). MOROCCO (Dakki 1987; Hajji et al. 2013, 2017; Lamri et al. 2016a, 2016b; Tobias & Tobias 2008). SPAIN, PORTUGAL, and the Balearic Islands (González & Menéndez 2011). TUNISIA (Malicky & Lounaci 1987; Tobias & Tobias 2008)., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on pages 485-486, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["McLachlan, R. (1884) A monographic revision and synopsis of the Trichoptera of the European fauna. First additional supplement (with seven plates). John van Voorst, London, iv + 76 pp.","Morton, K. J. (1893) Notes on Hydroptilidae belonging to the European fauna, with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 1893, 75 - 82, pls. 75 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1893. tb 02054. x","Malicky, H. & Lounaci, A. (1987) Beitrag zur Taxonomie und Faunistik der Kocherfliegen von Tunesien, Algerien und Marokko (Trichoptera). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia, 14, 1 - 20. [in German]","Lounaci, A., Brosse, S., Ait-Mouloud, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., Mebarki, N. & Thomas, A. (2000) Current knowledge of benthic invertebrate diversity in an Algerian stream: A species check-list of the Sebaou River Basin (Tizi Ouzou). Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, 136, 43 - 55.","Lodovici, O. & Valle, M. (2020) Checklist dei Tricotteri Italiani. Available from: http: // www. trichoptera. it (accessed 1 July 2021)","Ajakane, A. (1988) Etude hydrobiologique du bassin versant de l'oued N'fis (Haut Atlas marocain). Biotypologie, dynamiquesaisonniere, impact de l'assechement sur les communautes benthiques. Thesis, University Caddi Ayad, Marrakech, 189 pp. [in French]","El Agbani, M. (1984) Le reseau hydrographique du bassin versant de l'oued Bou Regreg (plateau central marocain): Essai de biotypologie. Thesis, University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, 147 pp. [in French]","El Alami, M. & Dakki, M. (1998) Peuplements d'Ephemeropteres et de Trichopteres de l'Oued Laou (Rif Occidentale, Maroc): Distribution longitudinale et biotypologie. Bulletin de l'Institut Scentifique de Rabat, 21, 51 - 70. [in French]","Hajji, K., El Alami, M., Bonada, N. & Zamora-Munoz, C. (2013) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres (Trichoptera) du Rif (nord du Maroc). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 37, 181 - 216. [http: // hdl. handle. net / 2445 / 59627 in French].","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Lamrioui, D., Belghyti, D. & Chahlaoui, A. (2016 a) Contribution a la connaissance de la diversite faunistique du bassin versant de la Moulouya (Maroc) [Contribution to the knowledge of faunal diversity in the Moulouya River Basin (Morocco)]. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 7 (6), 2034 - 2041. [http: // www. jmaterenvironsci. com in French]","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Chahlaoui, A. & Belghyti, D. (2016 b) Structure and macroinvertebrate diversity in the Moulouya River Basin, Morocco. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 4 (4), 1116 - 1121. [http: // www. entomoljournal. com /]","Mabrouki, Y., Taybi, A. F., El Alami, M., Wiggers, R. & Berrahou, A. (2020) New data on fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from northeastern Morocco with notes on chorology. Aquatic Insects, 41, 356 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2020.1797817","Tayoub, H. (1989) Etude hydrobiologique d'un Reseau hydrographique rifain, l'oued Laou: Typologie et Ecologie des Trichopteres. Thesis, University of Rabat, Sale, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region, 137 pp. [in French]","Gonzalez, M. A. G. & Menendez, J. M. (2011) Checklist of the caddisflies of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (Trichoptera). In: Majecka, K., Majecki, J. & Morse, J. C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 13 th International Symposium on Trichoptera, Zoosymposia, 5 (1), pp. 115 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 5.1.10","Tobias, W. & Tobias, D. (2008) Trichoptera Africana. Available from: http: // trichoptera. senckenberg. de / Trichoptera % 20 africana / index. htm (assessed 12 February 2022)","Lestage, J. A. (1925) Ephemeropteres, Plecopteres et Trichopteres recueillis en Algerie par M. H. Gauthier et liste des especes connues actuellement de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle d'Afrique du Nord, 16, 8 - 18. [in French]"]}

Family HYDROPSYCHIDAE Curtis 1835 Hydropsychidae appears to be a relatively well-diversified group in Algeria. Genera and species occupy a wide range of habitats from brooks to large rivers (Illies 1953). Three genera of this family are present in El Harrach Wadi: Cheumatopsyche Wallengren 1891, Diplectrona Westwood 1839, and Hydropsyche F.J. Pictet 1834., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on page 486, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Curtis, J. (1835) British Entomology - Being Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland; Containing Coloured Figures from Nature of the Most Rare and Beautiful Species, and in Many Instances of the Plants upon which They are Found. Vol. 12. Folio 544 text. Richard Taylor, London. [unknown pagination]","Illies, J. (1953) Die Besiedlung der Fulda (Insbes. das Benthos der Salmoniden-region) nach dem jetzigen Stand der Untersuchung. Berichte Limnologischen Flusstation Freudenthal, 5, 1 - 28. [in German]","Wallengren, H. D. J. (1891) Skandinaviens Neuroptera. Andra afdelningen. Svenska Akademien Handlingar, 24, 1 - 173.","Westwood, J. O. (1839) An Introduction to the Modern Classification of Insects Founded on Natural Habits and Corresponding Organisation of the Different Families. Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, xii + 462 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12455","Pictet, F. J. (1834) Recherches pour servir a l'histoire et l'anatomie des Phryganides. A. Cherbuliez, Geneva, IV + 240 pp., XX pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8547"]}

Hydropsyche fezana Navás 1932 Hydropsyche ouederoum Botosaneanu 1975 was synonymized with this species by Dakki (1978), but the synonymy was questioned by Botosaneanu (1999). Although Arab (2004), Bemmousset et al. (2021), and Sekhi et al. (2016) reported this species from Algeria, no taxonomical study was done. More study is needed to resolve this synonymy question. The larva of this species has been described and diagnosed by Bemmoussat et al. (2021) and Dakki & Tachet (1987). Algerian literature records. Medea, Tamezghida, Mouzaia Wadi, El Hamdania, Chiffa Wadi, Mazafran Watershed (Arab 2004). Tizi Ouzou, Djurdjura Mountains (Sekhi et al. 2016). Tlemcen, Chouly Wadi at Beni Ghazli (Bemmoussat et al. 2021). International literature records. MOROCCO (Alaoui 2006; Badri 1985; Bonada et al. 2008; Bouzidi 1989; Dakki 1986; El Alami & Dakki 1998; El Bazi et al. 2017; Giudicelli & Dakki 1984; Gellaf et al. 2021; Hajji et al. 2013; Lamri et al. 2016a, 2016b; Mabrouki et al. 2020; Mohati 1985; Múrria et al. 2010; Ouahsine 1993; Tayoub 1989; Zerrouk et al. 2021). Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Hammam Melouane, Seghir Wadi (S6) (36°28’52”N, 3°03’00”E), 300 m a.s.l.: 22.ii.2013, 3 larvae; 22.iii.2013, 5 larvae (CSK11). Maktaa Lazreg, El Aach Wadi (S4) (36°28’17”N, 3°00’24”E), 200 m a.s.l.: 07.vi.2013, 2 larvae (CSK12). Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 22.iii.2013, 1 larva (CSK13). Distribution. Algeria and Morocco. Comment. This is the first record of this West Palearctic species in the study area (Fig. 3). The species was collected in Algeria also in Mazafran Watershed (Arab 2004), in the Great Kabylia (Sekhi et al. 2016), and in northwestern Algeria (Bemmoussat et al. 2021)., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on pages 488-489, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Navas, L. (1932) Insectos de Berberia. Boletin de la Sociedad de Iberica Ciencias Naturales, 31, 106 - 112. [in Spanish]","Botosaneanu, L. (1975) Trichopteres recueillis au Maroc par M. I. Miron. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 28 (2), 269 - 276.","Dakki, M. (1978) Le genre Hydropsyche au Maroc (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique, Rabat, 3, 111 - 120. [in French]","Botosaneanu, L. (1999) Notes sur quelques Trichopteres espagnols ou marocains des collections du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Trichoptera). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 104, 113 - 116. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1999.16560","Sekhi, S., Haouchine, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., El Alami, M. & Lounaci, A. (2016) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres de Grande-Kabylie (Algerie) [Trichoptera]. Ephemera, 17 (1), 51 - 69. [in French]","Dakki, M. & Tachet, H. (1987) Les larves d' Hydropsyche du Maroc (Trichopteres, Hydropsychidae. In: Bournaud, M. & Tachet, H. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Trichoptera. Series Entomologica. Vol. 39. Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 25 - 28. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 4043 - 7 _ 4","Alaoui, A. (2006) Trichopteres du Bassin de Oued Laou et la region de Fifi (Rif occidental). Thesis, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan, 84 pp. [in French]","Badri, A. (1985) Etude hydrobiologique d'un cours d'eau de plaine en zone semi-aride: Le Tensift. Impact des crues sur la biocenose. Thesis, University of Caddi Ayad, Marrakech, 192 pp. [in French]","Bonada, N., Zamora-Munoz, C., El Alami, M., Murria, C. & Prat, N. (2008) New records of Trichoptera in reference Mediterranean-climate rivers of the Iberian Peninsula and North of Africa: Taxonomical, faunistical and ecological aspects. Graellsia, 64, 189 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2008. v 64. i 2.32","Bouzidi, A. (1989) Recherches hydrobiologiques sur les Cours d'Eau des Massifs du Haut Atlas (Maroc). Bio-ecologie des Macroinvertebres et Distribution spatiale des Peuplements. Thesis, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, 190 pp. [in French]","Dakki, M. (1986) Recherches hydrobiologiques sur le haut Sebou (Moyen Atlas): Une contribution a la connaissance faunistique, ecologique et historique des eaux courantes Sud-mediterraneennes. Thesis, University Mohammed V, Rabat, 214 pp. [in French]","El Alami, M. & Dakki, M. (1998) Peuplements d'Ephemeropteres et de Trichopteres de l'Oued Laou (Rif Occidentale, Maroc): Distribution longitudinale et biotypologie. Bulletin de l'Institut Scentifique de Rabat, 21, 51 - 70. [in French]","El Bazi, R., El Alami, M., Hajji, K., Errochdi, S., Khadri, O., Slimani, M., & Bennas, N. (2017) Contribution a l'etude de la biodiversite aquatique des aires protegees du Maroc. Les macroinvertebres aquatiques du projet du Parc Naturel de Bouhachem (Nord-Ouest du Maroc) II: Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Plecoptera. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 61, 55 - 66. [in French]","Giudicelli, J. & Dakki, M. (1984) Les sources du Moyen Atlas et du Rif: Faunistique (description de deux especes nouvelles de Trichopteres), ecologie, interet biogeographique. Bijdragen Tot De Dierkunde, 54 (1), 83 - 100. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 26660644 - 05401007","Hajji, K., El Alami, M., Bonada, N. & Zamora-Munoz, C. (2013) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres (Trichoptera) du Rif (nord du Maroc). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 37, 181 - 216. [http: // hdl. handle. net / 2445 / 59627 in French].","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Lamrioui, D., Belghyti, D. & Chahlaoui, A. (2016 a) Contribution a la connaissance de la diversite faunistique du bassin versant de la Moulouya (Maroc) [Contribution to the knowledge of faunal diversity in the Moulouya River Basin (Morocco)]. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 7 (6), 2034 - 2041. [http: // www. jmaterenvironsci. com in French]","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Chahlaoui, A. & Belghyti, D. (2016 b) Structure and macroinvertebrate diversity in the Moulouya River Basin, Morocco. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 4 (4), 1116 - 1121. [http: // www. entomoljournal. com /]","Mabrouki, Y., Taybi, A. F., El Alami, M., Wiggers, R. & Berrahou, A. (2020) New data on fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from northeastern Morocco with notes on chorology. Aquatic Insects, 41, 356 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2020.1797817","Mohati, A. (1985) Recherche hydrobiologique sur un cours d'eau du haut Atlas de Marrakech (Maroc): l'Oued Ourika, ecologie, biotypologie et impact des activites humainessur la qualite des eaux. Thesis, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, 108 pp. [in French]","Murria, C., Zamora-Munoz, C., Bonada, N., Ribera, C. & Prat, N. (2010) Genetic and morphological approaches to the problematic presence of three Hydropsyche species of the pellucidula group (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in the westernmost Mediterranean Basin. Aquatic Insects, 32 (2), 85 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2010.482939","Ouahsine, H. (1993) Les biocenoses d'Invertebres benthiques dans un Torrent du Haut Atlas (Maroc): Le Tiferguine. Structure et repartition du peuplement-Regime alimentaire. Thesis, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, 234 pp. [in French]","Tayoub, H. (1989) Etude hydrobiologique d'un Reseau hydrographique rifain, l'oued Laou: Typologie et Ecologie des Trichopteres. Thesis, University of Rabat, Sale, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region, 137 pp. [in French]","Zerrouk, M., Dakki, M., El Agbani, M. A., El Alami, M., Bennas, N., Qninba, A. & Himmi, O. (2021) Evolution of the benthic communities in a north-African river, the upper Sebou (Middle Atlas-Morocco) between 1981 and 2017: effects of global changes. Biologia, 76, 2973 - 2989. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11756 - 021 - 00787 - w"]}

Diplectrona sp. Only one unidentified species was collected. Diagnoses of larvae of most Diplectrona species have not been published. Algerian literature records. Medea, Mouzaia Wadi, Mazafran Watershed (Arab 2004). Tizi Ouzou, Aissi Wadi (Lounaci et al. 2000; Malicky & Lounaci 1987). Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 22.ii.2013, 3 larvae (CSK09). Maktaa Lazreg, El Aach Wadi (S4) (36°28’17”N, 3°00’30”E), 200 m a.s.l.: 07.vi.2013, 2 larvae (CSK10). Comment. Thirteen Diplectrona species occur in the European part of the West Palearctic Region but none of these are known in the Maghreb (Morse 2021, personal communication). We collected larvae of this genus in only two moderately flowing sites (Fig. 2) between 200 and 410 m a.s.l. We need adults to identify the Algerian species., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on page 488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Lounaci, A., Brosse, S., Ait-Mouloud, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., Mebarki, N. & Thomas, A. (2000) Current knowledge of benthic invertebrate diversity in an Algerian stream: A species check-list of the Sebaou River Basin (Tizi Ouzou). Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, 136, 43 - 55.","Malicky, H. & Lounaci, A. (1987) Beitrag zur Taxonomie und Faunistik der Kocherfliegen von Tunesien, Algerien und Marokko (Trichoptera). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia, 14, 1 - 20. [in German]","Morse, J. C. (2021) Trichoptera World Checklist. Available from: http: // entweb. clemson. edu / database / trichopt / index. htm (accessed 30 July 2021)"]}

Cheumatopsyche sp. The genus Cheumatopsyche is represented by only 2 species in Algeria: C. atlantis (Navás 1930) and C. lepida (F.J. Pictet 1834). Diagnoses of larvae of these species have not been published. Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Maktaa Lazreg, Boumaane Wadi (S1) (36°27’27”N, 3°00’27”E), 270 m a.s.l.: 07.vi.2013, 7 larvae; 22.ii.2013, 1 larva; 25.iv.2013, 2 larvae; 02.xi.2012, 16 larvae; 22.iii.2013, 5 larvae (CSK05). Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 25.iv.2013, 4 larvae; 22.ii.2013, 16 larvae; 22.iii.2013, 35 larvae; 02.xi.2012, 16 larvae; 07.vi.2013, 1 larva (CSK06). Maktaa Lazreg, El Aach Wadi (S4) (36°28’17”N, 3°00’24”E), 200 m a.s.l.: 22.ii.2013, 2 larvae; 22.iii.2013, 7 larvae; 02.xi.2012, 8 larvae; 07.vi.2013, 2 larvae (CSK07). Hammam Melouane, El Harrach Wadi (S7) (36°29’46”N, 3°02’47”E), 150 m a.s.l.: 25.iv.2013, 1 larva (CSK08). Algerian literature records for C. atlantis. Tizi Ouzou, Aissi Wadi (Lounaci et al. 2000; Malicky & Lounaci 1987). International literature records for C. atlantis. MOROCCO (Ajakane 1988; Badri 1985; Bonada et al. 2008; Dakki 1978, 1982; El Agbani 1984; El Alami & Dakki 1998; El Bazi et al. 2017; Fekhaoui et al. 1993; Gellaf et al. 2021; Hajji et al. 2013; Mabrouki et al. 2020; Tayoub 1989; Zerrouk et al. 2021). Algerian literature records for C. lepida. Mazafran Watershed: Blida, Chiffa Wadi; Djer Wadi. Medea, Mouzaia Wadi; Sidi Si Baahloul Wadi. Chelif Basin: Medea, Ksar El Boukhari. Ain Defla: Chorfa Wadi; Khemis Miliana (Arab 2004; Arab et al. 2004); (Tobias & Tobias 2008). International literature records for C. lepida. ITALY (Lodovici & Valle 2020). MOROCCO (Tobias & Tobias 2008). PORTUGAL (González & Menéndez 2011). SPAIN (Basaguren 1990; Bonada et al. 2004, 2008; García de Jalón 1986; González & Menéndez 2011). TUNISIA (Tobias & Tobias 2008). Distribution. Cheumatopsyche atlantis has been reported in Algeria and Morocco (♂); C. lepida in Algeria (♂), Italy (♂), Morocco (♂), Portugal (♂), Spain (♂) and Tunisia (♂). Comment. The genus Cheumatopsyche was described for the first time in North Africa by Lestage (1925). He identified larvae collected at Kerma Wadi near Algiers as “ Hydropsyche lepida.” Gauthier (1928) gave the same name to larvae from different Algerian wadis. Navás (1930) described a female of “ Hydropsychodes lepida ” found at Tinmel (western High Atlas, Morroco). Dakki (1982) reported only C. atlantis and signaled that C. lepida is much closer to the southern African species C. afra (Mosely 1935) than to the European species C. lepida. Lounaci et al. (2000) and Malicky & Lounaci (1987) sampled C. atlantis in the Great Kabylia (Aissi Wadi) and Arab et al. (2004) collected C. lepida in northwestern Algeria (Chelif Basin). Malicky (2005) has considered C. atlantis to be a synonym of C. lepida. Bonada et al. (2008) showed some differences: The hairy areas of C. atlantis are less conspicuous than in C. lepida and mostly limited to the anterior margin of the pronotum. Thus, they considered that C. atlantis is different from C. lepida, but more individuals need to be collected to ensure that C. atlantis is a valid species. During our survey, we were not able to identify the larvae to species. Catching mature pupae or matching identifiable imagoes with larvae using genetic methods will be necessary to identify them., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on pages 486-488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["Navas, L. (1930) Insectos del Museo de Paris. Broteria, Serie Zoologica, 26, 120 - 144. [in Spanish]","Pictet, F. J. (1834) Recherches pour servir a l'histoire et l'anatomie des Phryganides. A. Cherbuliez, Geneva, IV + 240 pp., XX pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8547","Lounaci, A., Brosse, S., Ait-Mouloud, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., Mebarki, N. & Thomas, A. (2000) Current knowledge of benthic invertebrate diversity in an Algerian stream: A species check-list of the Sebaou River Basin (Tizi Ouzou). Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, 136, 43 - 55.","Malicky, H. & Lounaci, A. (1987) Beitrag zur Taxonomie und Faunistik der Kocherfliegen von Tunesien, Algerien und Marokko (Trichoptera). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia, 14, 1 - 20. [in German]","Ajakane, A. (1988) Etude hydrobiologique du bassin versant de l'oued N'fis (Haut Atlas marocain). Biotypologie, dynamiquesaisonniere, impact de l'assechement sur les communautes benthiques. Thesis, University Caddi Ayad, Marrakech, 189 pp. [in French]","Badri, A. (1985) Etude hydrobiologique d'un cours d'eau de plaine en zone semi-aride: Le Tensift. Impact des crues sur la biocenose. Thesis, University of Caddi Ayad, Marrakech, 192 pp. [in French]","Bonada, N., Zamora-Munoz, C., El Alami, M., Murria, C. & Prat, N. (2008) New records of Trichoptera in reference Mediterranean-climate rivers of the Iberian Peninsula and North of Africa: Taxonomical, faunistical and ecological aspects. Graellsia, 64, 189 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2008. v 64. i 2.32","Dakki, M. (1978) Le genre Hydropsyche au Maroc (Trichoptera, Hydropsychidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique, Rabat, 3, 111 - 120. [in French]","Dakki M. (1982) Trichopteres du Maroc. Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique, Rabat, 6, 139 - 155. [in French]","El Agbani, M. (1984) Le reseau hydrographique du bassin versant de l'oued Bou Regreg (plateau central marocain): Essai de biotypologie. Thesis, University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, 147 pp. [in French]","El Alami, M. & Dakki, M. (1998) Peuplements d'Ephemeropteres et de Trichopteres de l'Oued Laou (Rif Occidentale, Maroc): Distribution longitudinale et biotypologie. Bulletin de l'Institut Scentifique de Rabat, 21, 51 - 70. [in French]","El Bazi, R., El Alami, M., Hajji, K., Errochdi, S., Khadri, O., Slimani, M., & Bennas, N. (2017) Contribution a l'etude de la biodiversite aquatique des aires protegees du Maroc. Les macroinvertebres aquatiques du projet du Parc Naturel de Bouhachem (Nord-Ouest du Maroc) II: Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Plecoptera. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 61, 55 - 66. [in French]","Fekhaoui, M., Dakki, M. & El Agbani, M. (1993) Faune benthique d'une riviere polluee: l'oued Sebou a l'aval de la ville de Fes (Maroc). Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique de Rabat, 17, 21 - 38. [in French]","Hajji, K., El Alami, M., Bonada, N. & Zamora-Munoz, C. (2013) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres (Trichoptera) du Rif (nord du Maroc). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 37, 181 - 216. [http: // hdl. handle. net / 2445 / 59627 in French].","Mabrouki, Y., Taybi, A. F., El Alami, M., Wiggers, R. & Berrahou, A. (2020) New data on fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from northeastern Morocco with notes on chorology. Aquatic Insects, 41, 356 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2020.1797817","Tayoub, H. (1989) Etude hydrobiologique d'un Reseau hydrographique rifain, l'oued Laou: Typologie et Ecologie des Trichopteres. Thesis, University of Rabat, Sale, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region, 137 pp. [in French]","Zerrouk, M., Dakki, M., El Agbani, M. A., El Alami, M., Bennas, N., Qninba, A. & Himmi, O. (2021) Evolution of the benthic communities in a north-African river, the upper Sebou (Middle Atlas-Morocco) between 1981 and 2017: effects of global changes. Biologia, 76, 2973 - 2989. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11756 - 021 - 00787 - w","Arab, A., Lek, S., Lounaci, A. & Park, Y. S. (2004) Spatial and temporal patterns of benthic invertebrate communities in an intermittent river (North Africa). Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology, 40, 317 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 20040299","Tobias, W. & Tobias, D. (2008) Trichoptera Africana. Available from: http: // trichoptera. senckenberg. de / Trichoptera % 20 africana / index. htm (assessed 12 February 2022)","Lodovici, O. & Valle, M. (2020) Checklist dei Tricotteri Italiani. Available from: http: // www. trichoptera. it (accessed 1 July 2021)","Gonzalez, M. A. G. & Menendez, J. M. (2011) Checklist of the caddisflies of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (Trichoptera). In: Majecka, K., Majecki, J. & Morse, J. C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 13 th International Symposium on Trichoptera, Zoosymposia, 5 (1), pp. 115 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 5.1.10","Basaguren, A. (1990) Distribucion de las especies pertenecientes a la familia Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera) en la cuenca de Lea (Pais Vasco). Scientia gerundensis, 16 (1), 43 - 52. [http: // hdl. handle. net / 10256.4 / 1770, in Spanish]","Bonada, N., Zamora-Munoz, C., Rieradevall, M. & Prat, N. (2004) Trichoptera (Insecta) collected in Mediterranean river basins of the Iberian Peninsula: Taxonomic remarks and notes on ecology. Graellsia, 60 (1), 41 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2004. v 60. i 1.192","Garcia de Jalon, D. (1986) Los Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera) de la Cuenca del Duero. Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 10, 127 - 138. [in Spanish]","McLachlan, R. (1862) Characters of new species of exotic Trichoptera; also of one new species inhabiting Britain. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, Series 3, 1, 301 - 311. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1862. tb 00608. x","Lestage, J. A. (1925) Ephemeropteres, Plecopteres et Trichopteres recueillis en Algerie par M. H. Gauthier et liste des especes connues actuellement de l'Afrique du Nord. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle d'Afrique du Nord, 16, 8 - 18. [in French]","Gauthier, H. (1928) Recherches sur la faune des eaux continentales de l'Algerie et de la Tunisie. Thesis, Minerva, Algiers, Algeria, 420 pp. [in French]","Mosely, M. E. (1935) New African Trichoptera. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 10, 15, 221 - 232. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933508654959","Malicky, H. (2005) Einkommentiertes Verzeichnis der Kocherfliegen (Trichoptera) Europas und des Mediterrangebietes. LinzerBiologische Beitrage, 37 (1), 533 - 596. [in German] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4020 - 3026 - 0 _ 1"]}

Hydropsyche lobata McLachlan 1884 = Hydropsyche inflata Navás 1917; synonymized by Botosaneanu (1999). The larva of this species has been described and diagnosed by Bemmoussat et al. (2021), Dakki & Tachet (1987), Samraoui et al. (2020), Vieira-Lanero (2000), and Zamora et al. (1995, 2017). Algerian literature records. Ain Defla, upstream of Djendel (Chorfa Wadi); Khemis Miliana, Chelif Basin (Arab 2004; Arab et al. 2004). Mazafran watershed, Blida, upstream of El Affroun, Djer Wadi; Medea, Ksar El Boukhari, Chelif Basin; Tamezghida, Mouzaia Wadi; Mazafran Watershed, El Hamdania, Chiffa and Sidi Si Baahloul Wadis (Arab 2004; Arab et al. 2004). Tizi Ouzou, Djurdjura Mountains (Sekhi et al. 2016). Annaba, Seybouse Wadi (Samraoui et al. 2020). Tlemcen, Chouly Wadi at Yebder and Khemis Wadi (Bemmoussat et al. 2021). The species was also collected in Belezma National Park in northeastern Algeria (Khettar unpublished data). International literature records. MOROCCO (Alaoui 2006; Berrahou et al. 2001; Bonada et al. 2008; Bouzidi 1989; Dakki & Tachet 1987; El Alami & Dakki 1998; El Bazi et al. 2017; Fekhaoui et al. 1993; Gellaf et al. 2021; Hajji et al. 2013; Lamri et al. 2016a, 2016b; Mabrouki et al. 2020; Tayoub 1989; Zerrouk et al. 2021). PORTUGAL (González & Menéndez 2011). SPAIN (Bonada et al. 2008; García de Jalón 1986; González & Menéndez 2011; Martin et al. 2014; Ruiz-Garcia & Ferreras-Romero 2008; Ruiz-Garcia et al. 2006; Valladolid et al. 2007, 2011; Zamora et al. 1995). Material studied. ALGERIA, Blida, Hammam Melouane, Badour Wadi (S8) (36°28’43”N, 3°04’07”E), 410 m a.s.l.: 29.vi.2010, 1 larva; 19.vi.2010, 1 larva; 22.iii.2013, 1 larva (CSK16). Hammam Melouane, El Harrach Wadi (S7) (36°29’46”N, 3°02’47”E), 150 m a.s.l.: 22.iii.2013, 1 larva; 25.iv.2013, 1 larva (CSK17). Maktaa Lazreg, Boumaane Wadi (S1) (36°27’27”N, 3°00’27”E), 270 m a.s.l.: 02.xi.2012, 1 larva; 22.iii.2013, 1 larva; 07.vi.2013, 1 larva (CSK18). Maktaa Lazreg, El Aach Wadi (S4) (36°28’17”N, 3°00’24”E), 200 m a.s.l.: 02.xi.2012, 9 larvae; 07.vi.2013, 12 larvae (CSK19). Distribution. Algeria, Morocco, Portugal, and Spain. Comment. The taxonomic status of the larvae of H. lobata McLachlan 1884 and H. artax Malicky & Lounaci 1987 is somewhat contentious. Botosaneanu (1999) synonymized H. artax with H. lobata, but Malicky (1999, 2004), Neu et al. (2018), Tobias & Tobias (2008), and Samraoui et al. (2020) considered both to be valid Maghrebian species occurring in Algeria. This Ibero-Maghrebian species is reported for the first time in El Harrach Wadi (Fig. 3)., Published as part of Khettar, Sihem, Haouchine-Bouzidi, Nawel, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Radi, Nora, Elalami, Majida & Beladjal, Lynda, 2022, Taxonomy and Distribution of Trichoptera in El Harrach Wadi (Northcentral Algeria) with the First Record of Hydropsyche incognita in North Africa, pp. 482-500 in Zootaxa 5120 (4) on pages 489-491, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5120.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6392895, {"references":["McLachlan, R. (1884) A monographic revision and synopsis of the Trichoptera of the European fauna. First additional supplement (with seven plates). John van Voorst, London, iv + 76 pp.","Navas, L. (1917) Trichoptere nouveau de l'Algerie. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle d'Afrique du Nord, 8, 15 - 17. [in French]","Botosaneanu, L. (1999) Notes sur quelques Trichopteres espagnols ou marocains des collections du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (Trichoptera). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 104, 113 - 116. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 1999.16560","Dakki, M. & Tachet, H. (1987) Les larves d' Hydropsyche du Maroc (Trichopteres, Hydropsychidae. In: Bournaud, M. & Tachet, H. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Trichoptera. Series Entomologica. Vol. 39. Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 25 - 28. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 009 - 4043 - 7 _ 4","Samraoui, B., Bouhala, Z., Garcia, A. R., Marquez-Rodriguez, J., Ferreras-Romero, M., El-Serehy, H. A. & Samraoui, F. (2020) Trichoptera and Plecoptera of the Seybouse River, northeast Algeria: Distribution, phenology and new records. Zootaxa, 4845 (4), 552 - 564. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4845.4.5","Vieira-Lanero, R. (2000) Las Larvas de los Tricopteros de Galicia (Insecta: Trichoptera). Thesis, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, 611 pp. [in Spanish]","Arab, A., Lek, S., Lounaci, A. & Park, Y. S. (2004) Spatial and temporal patterns of benthic invertebrate communities in an intermittent river (North Africa). Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology, 40, 317 - 327. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 20040299","Sekhi, S., Haouchine, S., Lounaci-Daoudi, D., El Alami, M. & Lounaci, A. (2016) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres de Grande-Kabylie (Algerie) [Trichoptera]. Ephemera, 17 (1), 51 - 69. [in French]","Navas, L. (1936) Insectos de Berberia. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Espana, 18, 77 - 100. [in Spanish]","Navas, L. (1928) Insectes Nevropteres et voisins de Barbarie. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire Naturelle de l'Afrique du Nord, 19, 183 - 191.","Malicky, H. (1977) Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Hydropsyche guttata - Gruppe (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae). Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osterreichischer Entomologen, 29, 1 - 28.","Alaoui, A. (2006) Trichopteres du Bassin de Oued Laou et la region de Fifi (Rif occidental). Thesis, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan, 84 pp. [in French]","Berrahou, A., Cellot, B. & Richoux, P. (2001) Distribution longitudinale des macroinvertebres benthiques de la Moulouya et de ses principaux affluents (Maroc). Annales de Limnologie, 37, 223 - 235. [in French] https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 2001020","Bonada, N., Zamora-Munoz, C., El Alami, M., Murria, C. & Prat, N. (2008) New records of Trichoptera in reference Mediterranean-climate rivers of the Iberian Peninsula and North of Africa: Taxonomical, faunistical and ecological aspects. Graellsia, 64, 189 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / graellsia. 2008. v 64. i 2.32","Bouzidi, A. (1989) Recherches hydrobiologiques sur les Cours d'Eau des Massifs du Haut Atlas (Maroc). Bio-ecologie des Macroinvertebres et Distribution spatiale des Peuplements. Thesis, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, 190 pp. [in French]","El Alami, M. & Dakki, M. (1998) Peuplements d'Ephemeropteres et de Trichopteres de l'Oued Laou (Rif Occidentale, Maroc): Distribution longitudinale et biotypologie. Bulletin de l'Institut Scentifique de Rabat, 21, 51 - 70. [in French]","El Bazi, R., El Alami, M., Hajji, K., Errochdi, S., Khadri, O., Slimani, M., & Bennas, N. (2017) Contribution a l'etude de la biodiversite aquatique des aires protegees du Maroc. Les macroinvertebres aquatiques du projet du Parc Naturel de Bouhachem (Nord-Ouest du Maroc) II: Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Plecoptera. Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, 61, 55 - 66. [in French]","Fekhaoui, M., Dakki, M. & El Agbani, M. (1993) Faune benthique d'une riviere polluee: l'oued Sebou a l'aval de la ville de Fes (Maroc). Bulletin de l'Institut Scientifique de Rabat, 17, 21 - 38. [in French]","Hajji, K., El Alami, M., Bonada, N. & Zamora-Munoz, C. (2013) Contribution a la connaissance des Trichopteres (Trichoptera) du Rif (nord du Maroc). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 37, 181 - 216. [http: // hdl. handle. net / 2445 / 59627 in French].","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Lamrioui, D., Belghyti, D. & Chahlaoui, A. (2016 a) Contribution a la connaissance de la diversite faunistique du bassin versant de la Moulouya (Maroc) [Contribution to the knowledge of faunal diversity in the Moulouya River Basin (Morocco)]. Journal of Materials and Environmental Science, 7 (6), 2034 - 2041. [http: // www. jmaterenvironsci. com in French]","Lamri, D., Hassouni, T., Loukili, A., Chahlaoui, A. & Belghyti, D. (2016 b) Structure and macroinvertebrate diversity in the Moulouya River Basin, Morocco. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 4 (4), 1116 - 1121. [http: // www. entomoljournal. com /]","Mabrouki, Y., Taybi, A. F., El Alami, M., Wiggers, R. & Berrahou, A. (2020) New data on fauna of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from northeastern Morocco with notes on chorology. Aquatic Insects, 41, 356 - 390. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01650424.2020.1797817","Tayoub, H. (1989) Etude hydrobiologique d'un Reseau hydrographique rifain, l'oued Laou: Typologie et Ecologie des Trichopteres. Thesis, University of Rabat, Sale, Rabat-Sale-Kenitra region, 137 pp. [in French]","Zerrouk, M., Dakki, M., El Agbani, M. A., El Alami, M., Bennas, N., Qninba, A. & Himmi, O. (2021) Evolution of the benthic communities in a north-African river, the upper Sebou (Middle Atlas-Morocco) between 1981 and 2017: effects of global changes. Biologia, 76, 2973 - 2989. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 11756 - 021 - 00787 - w","Gonzalez, M. A. G. & Menendez, J. M. (2011) Checklist of the caddisflies of the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (Trichoptera). In: Majecka, K., Majecki, J. & Morse, J. C. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 13 th International Symposium on Trichoptera, Zoosymposia, 5 (1), pp. 115 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 5.1.10","Garcia de Jalon, D. (1986) Los Hydropsychidae (Trichoptera) de la Cuenca del Duero. Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 10, 127 - 138. [in Spanish]","Martin, L., Martinez, J. & Gonzalez, M. A. (2014) Observaciones sobre los tricopteros (Insecta: Trichoptera) de las montanas orientales de Galicia (Sierras de Ancares, Courel e Invernadeiro). Boletin de la Asociacion Espanola de Entomologia, 38 (1 - 2), 67 - 90. [in Spanish]","Ruiz-Garcia, A. & Ferreras-Romero, M. (2008) Distribution patterns of hydropsychids and rhyacophilids species (Trichoptera) in a not regulated Mediterranean river (SW Spain). Limnetica, 27 (2), 227 - 238. https: // doi. org / 10.23818 / limn. 27.18","Ruiz-Garcia, A., Herrera Grao, A. F. & Ferreras-Romero, M. (2006) Distribution of Trichoptera Communities in the Hozgarganta Catchment (Los Alcornocales Natural Park, SW Spain) International Review of Hydrobiology, 91 (1), 71 - 85. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / iroh. 200510822","Valladolid, M., Martinez-Bastida, J. J. & Arauzo, M. (2007) Los Hydropsychidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) del rio Oja (La Rioja, Espana). Limnetica, 26 (1), 199 - 208. [in Spanish] https: // doi. org / 10.23818 / limn. 26.17","Valladolid, M., Martinez-Bastida, J. J. & Arauzo, M. (2011) The Trichoptera fauna of the Oja River (La Rioja, Spain). Zoosymposia, 5, 497 - 507. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zoosymposia. 5.1.42","Malicky, H. & Lounaci, A. (1987) Beitrag zur Taxonomie und Faunistik der Kocherfliegen von Tunesien, Algerien und Marokko (Trichoptera). Opuscula Zoologica Fluminensia, 14, 1 - 20. [in German]","Neu, P. J., Malicky, H., Graf, W. & Schmidt-Kloiber, A. (2018) Distribution Atlas of European Trichoptera. Conch Books, Harxheim, 891 pp.","Tobias, W. & Tobias, D. (2008) Trichoptera Africana. Available from: http: // trichoptera. senckenberg. de / Trichoptera % 20 africana / index. htm (assessed 12 February 2022)"]}

Haplodrassus pugnans (Simon, 1880) Drassus pugnans Simon, 1880: 118, pl. 3 figs 20‒21 (♂♀). Haplodrassus pugnans: Levy 2004: 20, figs 53‒56; Kovblyuk et al. 2012: 64, figs 7‒9, 13‒14. Types: 2♂ and 1♀ syntypes from China, Beijing, V. Collin de Plancy leg., Coll. Simon 363 (MNHN AR12808); MNHN, examined. The excellent description of Kovblyuk et al. (2012) corresponds clearly with the syntypes. Diagnosis and description. See Kovblyuk et al. (2012). Distribution. From Israel in the West to China and Japan in the East., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Simon, E. (1880) Etudes arachnologiques. 11 e Memoire. XVII. Arachnides recueillies aux environs de Pekin par M. V. Collin de Plancy. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, Series 5, 10, 97 - 128.","Levy, G. (2004) Spiders of the genera Drassodes and Haplodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 50, 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1560 / RUQP- 20 ML-VDBA- 3 GKX","Kovblyuk, M. M., Kastrygina, Z. A. & Omelko, M. M. (2012) A review of the spider genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in Crimea (Ukraine) and adjacent areas (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). ZooKeys, 205, 59 - 89 https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 205.3491"]}

Haplodrassus ponomarevi Kovblyuk & Seyyar, 2009 Figs 257���261 Haplodrassus ponomarevi Kovblyuk & Seyyar, in Kovblyuk et al., 2009: 177, figs 51���62 (♂ ♀). Types: ♂ holotype from Turkey, Adana, Saembeyli, Obruk waterfall, 1♂ 1♀ paratype from Turkey, Adana, Aladag, Meydan Plateau; NUAM; not examined. Material examined. GREECE: Peloponnisos, Achaia, Mesorougi (N38��1���10��� E22��14���18���), 1200m, 1♂, stones on abandoned terraces along river Styx, 13.IV.2000, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Diagnosis and description. See Kovblyuk et al. (2009). Distribution. Until now, this species was only known from the Adana province in the Asian part of Turkey (Kovblyuk et al. 2009). It is here cited for the first time in Greece and Europe., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Kovblyuk, M. M., Seyyar, O., Demir, H. & Topcu, A. (2009) New taxonomic and faunistic data on the gnaphosid spiders of Turkey (Aranei: Gnaphosidae). Arthropoda Selecta, 18, 169 - 187."]}

Haplodrassus macellinus (Thorell, 1871) Figs 232‒240, map 8 Drassus macellinus Thorell, 1871: 185 (♂♀). Drassus occcidentalis Thorell, 1871: 184 (♀) synonymy by Simon (1914). Drassus nyctalicus Thorell, 1871: 185 (♀) synonymy by Simon (1878). Drassus hebes O.P.- Cambridge, 1874: 390, pl. 51, fig. 15 (♂), syn. n. Drassus vicarius Simon, 1878: 132 (♀), synonymy with D. macellinus hebes by Simon (1914). Drassodes macellinus hebes: Simon 1914: 140, 209, fig. 248 (♂ ♀). Haplodrassus vignai Di Franco, 1996: 173, figs 1‒4 (♂ ♀), syn. n. Types: Type series of Drassus macellinus from France, Nice, containing 7♂ and 8 juveniles; NHRS 179a; examined. Holotype ♀ 1 subadult ♀ paratype of Drassus nyctalicus from France, Nice; NHRS 179b; examined. Holotype ♀ of Drassus vicarius from Corsica; not examined, inavailable. Holotype ♂ of Drassus hebes from France, Menton, J.T. Moggridge leg., II.1874; HECO; not examined. Holotype ♂, paratype ♀ of H. vignai from Italy, Lazio, Tuscolo; deposited at MZUR; not examined. Diagnosis. Males are closely related to H. securifer sp. n. but are easily distinguished by the much shorter and wider embolic apophysis (Figs 237 versus 128). Females are distinguished by the elongated epigyne with rounded, narrow hood, a relatively small areola and a longitudinal internal sclerite accompanying laterally the pro-fovea (Figs 238‒240, LS). However, this lateral sclerite was found to be absent in a few specimens. Remarks. According to the World Spider Catalog (2017), Haplodrassus macellinus is a West Mediterranean species. Various authors cited it frequently in France and Italy, and in the Maghreb (Denis 1937; Di Franco 1994; Pavesi 1884; Simon 1885, 1908). There are also two citations from Greece and Turkey (Caporiacco 1948; Karol 1966). One can wonder however how these specimens where identified, when the only available figure of H. macellinus is a simple sketch of a part of the male palp by Simon (1914), and the epigyne has never been figured at all. Simon (1914) already stated that the species is very variable, when he declared Drassus hebes O.P.- Cambridge, 1874, D. nyctalicus Thorell, 1871, D. occidentalis Thorell, 1871, D. typhon Simon, 1878 and D. vicarius Simon, 1878 all simple variations of D. macellinus (“des formes très variables”). The descriptions of all these species were carefully analysed by us and if possible, the type material was examined. The type material of H. macellinus from Nice, France, was found in the NHRS, which undoubtedly fixes the identity of the species. Thorell (1871) described the male and a juvenile female (“onne omnino adulta?”). The type series indeed contains adult males and only subadult females. In the same paper, Thorell described Drassus nyctalicus and D. occidentalis, of both only females and also from Nice. Examination of the type material of D. nyctalicus confirms it is the female of H. macellinus, as proposed by Simon (1878). Later, Simon (1914) considers D. occidentalis a simple variation of H. macellinus (“forme de D. macellinus ”). Type material of this species was not available, and Simon’s view is followed here. Drassus hebes O.P.- Cambridge, 1874, described from France, Menton, at 20 km from the type locality of H. macellinus, is another problematic species. Simon (1878) considered the species a synonym of H. macellinus and a subspecies in 1914. Type material was not available, but Cambridge’s figure 15 of the male palpal tibia of D. hebes agrees well the elongated palpal tibia of H. macellinus. Also the material of D. macellinus hebes examined in the MNHN is identical to H. macellinus. The evident conclusion is D. hebes is a junior synonym of H. macellinus. Drassus vicarius Simon, 1878 was described on a female from Corse. Simon (1914) considered it a synonym of D. macellinus hebes. Since the type material is not available, Simon’s vision is followed here and Drassus vicarius enters into the synonymy of H. macellinus. Drassus typhon Simon, 1878 was described on the syntypes male and female from the Pyrénées-Orientales. Simon (1914) considered it another synonym of H. macellinus. An adult female identified by Simon shows it is a distinct species and it is taken out of the synonymy of H. macellinus. It is described above. The synonymy of H. invalidus (O.P.- Cambridge, 1872) from Israel, Turkey and Azerbaijan with H. vignai Di Franco, 1996 from Italy as proposed by Levy (2004) is here rejected. Material of recently collected H. invalidus in Cyprus compared with material collected in Italy near the type locality of H. vignai shows clearly they are two different species. In H. invalidus, the tibial apophysis has a claw-like tip, and the embolus has an inner spur-like process, as excellently shown by Kovblyuk et al. (2012). These are both absent in H. vignai, as shown in Di Franco’s figures 1‒4 of H. vignai. Although the type material of H. vignai was not examined, H. vignai is considered here a junior synonym of H. macellinus. Description. Measurements: Male (n=7): Total length 4.4‒8.2; carapace 2.38‒3.74 long, 1.68‒2.69 wide. Female (n=1): Total length 11.0; carapace 3.71 long, 2.98 wide. Colour: Carapace brown to dark reddish brown, cephalic part infuscate; chelicerae dark brown; sternum yellowish to reddish brown, darkened to the margins; legs yellowish brown to reddish brown; abdomen grey to brown with paler venter. Male palp (Figs 235‒237): Tibial apophysis slender, as long as its diameter, constricted in the middle, with broadly truncate tip; embolar apophysis much shorter than embolus, with only slightly bent margins, getting somewhat broader distally, terminally bluntly pointed. Epigyne (Figs 238‒240): Elongated, 1.4 x longer than wide, with rounded hood, which is much narrower than the total epigyne; pro-fovea somewhat longer than fovea; lateral pockets sac-like. Further material examined. FRANCE, mixed unknown localities (‘Gallia Meridionalis’), one of them Alpes- Maritimes, Menton, 13♂ 16♀, as Drassodes macellinus hebes, Coll. Simon 2083 (MNHN AR9228), mixed unknown localities (‘Gallia Meridionalis, Corsica’), 20♂ 7♀, as Drassodes macellinus hebes, Coll. Simon 2058 (MNHN AR9229), unknown locality (‘France S.E.’), 2♂, as Drassodes macellinus, Coll. Dalmas M. 150 (MNHN AR9230), Alpes -Maritimes, Cannes, île de Saint-Honorat, 8.IV.2013, 1♂, P. Ponel leg. (CPO), Menton (N43°46’35” E7°30’15”), 1♀, L. Fage leg. (MNHN AR9223), Nice (43°42’11” E7°15’57”), 7♂, 8 juveniles (NHRS 179a), Nice, 1♀ 1 subadult♀ (as Drassus nyctalicus; NHRS 179b), Bouches -du -Rhône, La Ciotat, île Verte, 1♀, P. Ponel leg. (CPO), Vauvenargues, La Citadelle (N43°33’14”” E5°36’13”), 1♂♀, 19.V.2013, P. Ponel leg. (CPO), Drôme, Crozes- Hermitage, Plan d’eau de la Lône, stones in dry grassland, 13.II.2013, P. Dubois leg. (CPO), Var, Callian (N43°33’0” E6°50’0”), 1♀, Coll. Berland (MNHN AR9227), Ollières, Basses Selves (N43°28’58” E5°49’47”), 540m, dry grassland, 17.05.2012, P. Ponel leg. (CPP), Pontrève, 1♂, under stones, 2.V.2015, P. Oger leg. (CPO), Rians, 1♂, under stones, 1.V.2015, P. Oger leg. (CPO), Roquebrune-sur-Argens, 1♂, stones in maquis, 12.IV.2016, S. Lecigne leg. (CSL); Saint-Cyr-sur-Mer, Calanque de Port d’Alon (N43°8'48” E5°42'36”), 1♀, 6.VIII.1997 (NHML), Valcros (43°14’7”6°2’10”), 1♀, 22.III.1989, P. Poot leg. (CRB). ITALY, Toscana, Livorno, Isola di Capraia (N43°3’1” E9°48’52”), 1♂, 26.XI.1992, Pantini & Valle leg. (MCSNB). MAP 8. Distribution of Haplodrassus macellinus (Thorell). Distribution. According to the literature and the World spider Catalog (2017), the species occurs in the West European and African Mediterranean region. All material from the Maghreb identified as H. macellinus that could be examined appeared to be misidentified, and the species is not present in our abundant material. Only the records from France including Corsica, and Italy including Sicilia are confirmed here (map 8). Citations from Portugal and Spain are possibly correct but should be confirmed. Citations from Rhodes by Caporiacco (1948) and from Turkey by Karol (1966) are considered misidentifications., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on pages 54-59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Thorell, T. (1871) Remarks on synonyms of European spiders. Part II. C. J. Lundstrom, Uppsala, 312 pp. [pp. 97 - 228]","Simon, E. (1914) Les arachnides de France. Synopsis general et catalogue des especes francaises de l'ordre des Araneae. Tome VI. 1 re partie. Roret, Paris, 308 pp.","Simon, E. (1878) Les arachnides de France. Tome IV. Roret, Paris, 334 pp.","Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1874) On some new species of Drassides. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 42 (3), 370 - 419.","Di Franco, F. (1996) Gnaphosidae dei Colli Albani (Arachnida, Araneae). Fragmenta Entomologica, 28, 169 - 187.","World Spider Catalog (2017) World Spider Catalog. Version 18.0. Natural History Museum Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 15 June 2017)","Denis J., (1937) On a collection of spiders from Algeria. Proceedings of the zoological Society of London, 1937, 1027 - 1060.","Di Franco, F. (1994) Contributo alla conoscenza degli Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) del Maghreb. Animalia, 19, 193 - 211.","Pavesi, P. (1884) Materiali per lo studio della fauna tunisina raccolti da e L. Doria: Aracnidi. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova, 20, 446 - 486.","Simon, E. (1885) Etudes sur les Arachnides recueillis en Tunisie en 1883 et 1884 par MM. A. Letourneux, M. Sedillot et Valery Mayet, membres de la mission de l'Exploration scientifique de la Tunisie. In: Exploration scientifique de la Tunisie, publiee sous les auspices du Ministere de l'instruction publique. Zoologie-Arachnides, Paris, pp. 1 - 55.","Simon, E. (1908) Arachnides. In: Gadeau de Kerville, H. (Ed.), Voyage zoologique en Khroumirie. University of Michigan Library, Paris, pp. 51 - 56.","Karol, S. (1966) Spiders of Ankara and environs with a description of a new species Xysticus turcicus (Araneae, Thomisidae). Communications de la Faculte des Sciences de l'Universite d'Ankara, 11 (C), 15 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.1501 / Commuc _ 0000000151","Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1872) General list of the spiders of Palestine and Syria, with descriptions of numerous new species, and characters of two new genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 40 (1), 212 - 354.","Levy, G. (2004) Spiders of the genera Drassodes and Haplodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 50, 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1560 / RUQP- 20 ML-VDBA- 3 GKX","Kovblyuk, M. M., Kastrygina, Z. A. & Omelko, M. M. (2012) A review of the spider genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in Crimea (Ukraine) and adjacent areas (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). ZooKeys, 205, 59 - 89 https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 205.3491"]}

Haplodrassus dentifer Bosmans & Abrous, sp. n. Figs 30‒40, 49‒53, map 2 Types. Holotype ♂, paratypes 1♂ 2♀ from Morocco, Souss-Massa, between Aoulouz and Tallliouine (N30°34’41” W8°3’11”), 600m, stones in steppe, 4.II.1996, J. Van Keer leg.; deposited in RBINS. Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin noun dens (tooth) and the verb ferre (to wear) and refers to the presence of a tooth at the base of the embolus. Diagnosis. Haplodrassus dentifer sp. n. is closely related to H. rufipes. Males are at once recognized by the presence of a subterminal tooth at the prolateral margin of the embolic apophysis in H. rufipes (Figs 131, 142), absent in H. dentifer (Figs 35, 51), females by the converging, gradually narrowing antero-lateral branches of the areola (Figs 40, 52), straight and truncate in H. rufipes (Figs 132, 143). Description. Measurements: Male (n=5): Total length 5.6‒9,6 mm; carapace 1.22‒2.02 long, 0.99‒1.58 wide. Female (n=11): Total length 7.6‒9.6 mm; carapace 1.96‒2.44 long, 2.44‒3.12 wide. Colour: Carapace yellowish brown with darkened eye region; chelicerae dark brown; sternum and legs yellowish brown; abdomen grey. Male palp (Figs 32‒36, 49‒51): Tibia 2.5 times as long as wide, gradually narrowing, slightly widened before the rounded tip (Figs 33, 50); embolic apophysis nearly straight, without denticulations, with pointed tip; base of embolus with strong denticulate keel (Figs 36). Epigyne (Figs 38‒40, 52‒53): Anterior margin nearly as wide as areola; pro-fovea short, less than half the length of the fovea; foveal border marked by a strong medio-lateral tooth, but often obscured by the presence of concretions (compare Figs 39 and 40). Further material examined. AFRICA: ALGERIA, Laghouat, 20 km south of Laghouat (N33°38’41” E2°55’51”), 740m, 1♂, pitfalls under Zizyphus bushes in a daya, 14.V.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Ghardaia: Ksar el Atteuf (N32°28’30” E3°44’57”), 1♂, pitfalls in alfalfa cultures, 25.III.2015, Y. Alioua & A. Hadj Mhammed leg. (CYA), Tamanrasset, Issek (N22°34’35” E6°01’54”), 1200m, 1♀, II.1988, K. De Smet leg. (CRB). MOROCCO, Draâ-Tafilale t , Col de Tagalm, SE Zebzat, 1930m, 2♀, stone field, 19.IV.2012, R. Bosmans & J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK, CRB), Tinerhir 20 km E. (N31°30’36” W5°31’48”), 1350m, 1♂, litter in small palm yard, 6.II.1996, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Tizi ‘n Ikhsane (N30°26’56” W7°31’24”), 1650m, 1♀, stones in steppe, 6.II.1996, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Fès-Meknès, Missour (N33°2’56” W3°59’22”), 1♀, 7.XII.2001, 1♀, 7.III.2002, 2♀, 27.IV.2002, pitfalls in steppe, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Guelmim-Oued Noun, 10 km W. Taghjijt (N29°04’02” W9°17’52”), 650m, 1♀, stones in steppe, 13. II.2007, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Tata (N29°45’35” N7°58’57” E), 1♀, litter in palm yards, 14. II.2007, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Lâayoune- Saguia al Hamra, Tarfaya 40 km S., (N27°35'53” W12°57' 11'), 2♀, stony desert, 11. II.2007, R. Bosmans & J. Van Keer leg. (CRB), Marrakech-Safi, Imi n’Tanoute (N31°10’16” W8°50’43”), 1♀, Coll. Simon 25299 (MNHN AR15687). TUNISIA, Sousse, Hergla S. (N35°59’17” W10°30’41”), 10m, 1♂, pitfalls in salt marsh, 27.II‒8.III.2005, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK). EUROPE: SPAIN: Cádiz: Sierra de los Pinos, Villalengua del Rosario (N36°37’55” W5°22’33”), 1400m, 1♀, under stones in the crest of a limestone mountain, 16.II.2016, I. Sánchez leg. (CIS). Ecology. The specimens were collected in steppe vegetation, salt marshes, stony fields, dunes with scarce vegetation and palm yards, situated in the arid, semi-arid and desert climate zones of the Maghreb. Males and females were found from December to May. Distribution. This species occurs in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia and was once collected in the South of Spain (map 2).

Haplodrassus orientalis (L. Koch, 1866), comb. n. Figs 262‒270 Drassus orientalis L. Koch, 1866: 106, pl. 6 fig. 68 (♀). Haplodrassus isaevi Ponomarev & Tsvetkov, 2006: 9, figs 12–14 (♂ ♀); Piterkina & Ovtsharenko 2007: 1426, figs 1–6 (♂ ♀); Kovblyuk et al. 2012: 70 (♂ ♀), syn. n. Types: Holotype ♀ of Drassus orientalis from Russia, Volgogradskaya Oblast, labelled “ Sarepta (= Volgograd), 1890 7.1 788‒789, Keyserling leg.”; NHML, examined. Holotype ♂, 3♂ 1♀ paratypes of Haplodrassus isaevi from Russia, Orlovsky, Rostov reserve, 6.X.2002, A.V. Ponomarev leg.; deposited in SSCR and TNU; examined by Kovblyuk & Tsvetkov (2006). Diagnosis and description. See Kovblyuk et al. 2012, as H. isaevi. Remarks. Haplodrassus orientalis is a forgotten species described in 1866 from the Russian Federation. It has never been mentioned since. The type material could be examined and be compared with material of Haplodrassus isaevi Ponomarev & Tsvetkov, 2006 collected by us in Greece. Photos of the holotype female of Haplodrassus orientalis and the female from Greece are given in Figs 262‒270. The shape and the relative dimensions of the hood, the fovea and the areola are the same and H. isaevi is therefore considered a junior synonym of H. orientalis. The type localities of Haplodrassus orientalis and H. isaevi are about 390 km apart. Material examined. GREECE, Sterea Elada, Voiotia, between Kiriaki and Agia Anna, Oros Elikonas (N38°20'20” E22°49'49”), 1000m, 2♀, stones in Abies forest, 28.X.1999, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Distribution. First described from the Rostov Area in the Russian Federation (L. Koch 1866), and further mentioned from West Kazakhstan ((Piterkina & Ovtsharenko 2007), Ukraine (Crimea) (Kovblyuk et al. 2012), and the north of Greece (Makedonia) (Van Keer et al. 2010). A second locality in Central Greece is presented here.

Haplodrassus ovatus Bosmans & Herv��, sp. n. Figs 98���107, 113���117, map 3 Types: Holotype ♂, 3♂ 3♀ paratypes from Tunisia, Kebili, Nefzaoua (N33��23���0��� E7��48���0���), Vibert leg., Coll. Simon 12687 (MNHN AR15685); deposited in MNHN. Etymology. The species name refers to the oval form of the epigynal fovea. Diagnosis. Males of H. ovatus sp. n. differ from other species by the sickle-shaped embolic apophysis in the male (Figs 101, 115), females by the oval epigynal fovea, much more elongated than in the related H. signifer and H. pseudosignifer (Figs 105, 116). Description. Measurements: Male (n=4): Total length 6.2���8.0; carapace 2.66���3.44 long, 2.22���2.44 wide. Female (n=3): Total length 6.8���8.8 carapace 2.16���3.14 long, 2.08���2.36 wide. Colour: Carapace yellowish brown, eye region infuscate; chelicerae, labium and maxillae dark reddish brown; sternum orange brown with darker margins; legs yellowish brown; abdomen pale grey. Spinulation: General pattern, with metatarsi I spineless in all specimens examined and metatarsi II spineless in 1 female. Male palp (Figs 100���104, 113���115): Tibial apophysis as long as the tibia���s diameter, with nearly symmetric margins, with obtuse tip (Figs 100, 114); embolic apophysis with nearly straight retrolateral margin and strongly curved prolateral margin, at its base half as wide as in the middle, with subterminal prolateral angularity, terminally pointed (Figs 101, 115). Epigyne (Figs 105���106, 116���117): Hood much wider than fovea, weekly sclerotized, with protruding median margin; pro-fovea narrow; fovea oval (Figs 105, 116), basal margin with an angularity; lateral pockets elongated, at its base with supplementary pocket (Figs 106, 117). Further material examined. ALGERIA, Biskra, Biskra (N34��51���1��� E5��43���41���), 1♂, Coll. Simon 22881 (MNHN AR15686); idem, 1♂, Coll. Simon 25542 (MNHN AR15701), M���sila, Baniou S., Chott el Hodna (N35��24'55��� E4��20'39���), 1♀, 1.VII.1988, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). TUNISIA, Kairouan, Oglet Tarfa (N35��45'49��� E9��57'21���), 60m, 1♀, stones in dry river bed, 23.I.1995 (CRB). Ecology. The species was captured in chotts (inland salt marshes) and in a dry river bed in the semi-arid and arid climate zones of the Maghreb. Distribution. The species is known from two localities in the Nord East of Algeria, and two localities in central and southern Tunisia (map 3)., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080

Haplodrassus nigroscriptus (Simon, 1909), comb. n. Figs 67���76, 83���86, map 4 Drassodes nigroscriptus Simon, 1909: 16 (♂♀). Drassodes nigroscriptus deminutus Simon, 1909: 17 (♂♀), syn. n. Types. Type series of Drassodes nigroscriptus from Morocco, Marrakech-Safi, Mogador (= Essaouira) (N31��30���47��� W9��46���11���), containing 4♂ and 3♀, Martinez de la Escalera leg., 1907, Coll. Simon 23869 (MNHN AR14581); examined. Type series of Drassodes nigroscriptus deminutus from Morocco, Marrakech-Safi, Mogador (= Essaouira; N31��30���47��� W9��46���11���), containing 4♂ and 1 subadult ♀, Martinez de la Escalera leg., 1907, Coll. Simon 12232 (MNHN AR14582); MNHN, Coll. Simon; examined. Etymology. Simon (1909) obviously gave this name as a reference to the speckled abdomen of the species. Diagnosis. Haplodrassus nigroscriptus can at once be recognized by the speckled abdomen (Figs 67, 68). It is further remarkable in the male by the presence of abundant, strong spines on the cymbium (fig. 71), in the female by the more than 20 thick spines on the female palpal tarsus (fig. 73). The species can therefore not be confused with any other Haplodrassus species. Males can further be distinguished by the relatively small embolic apophysis (Figs 70, 83), females by the rounded anterior hood and the fovea with nearly parallel margins (Figs 74, 85). Remarks. There are no differences in the copulatory organs of the syntypes males and females of H. nigroscriptus nigroscriptus and H. nigroscriptus deminutus. They were collected at the same locality. Simon (1909) distinguished the two subspecies only by differences in size, colour and spinulation, but these are no diagnostic characters. We consider them synonyms. Description. Measurements: Male (n=8): total length 5.6���7.2; carapace 2.68���3.76 long, 2.12���2.72 wide. Female (n=9): total length 4.8���10.4; carapace 2.40���4.22 long, 1.64���3.32 wide. Colour: Carapace yellowish brown, cephalic part brown; chelicerae dark brown; sternum yellowish brown with darkened margins; legs pale yellowish brown; abdomen pale grey speckled with abundant, small dark grey spots or short stripes, rarely not present (Figs 67, 68). Spinulation: General pattern. Male palp: Tibia with 3 distinct spines at prolateral side; cymbium dorsally with about 20, scattered strong spines (fig. 71); tibial apophysis elongated, slightly curved with truncate tip (Figs 72, 84); embolic apophysis narrow and elongated, small relatively to the tegulum, without denticles and with rounded tip (Figs 70, 83). Epigyne: Almost twice as long as wide, with semi-circular anterior hood (Figs 74, 85); fovea with nearly parallel margins, without denticles; lateral pockets semi-circular (Figs 75���76, 86). Citations in the Maghreb. MOROCCO, Marrakech-Safi, Asni (N31��10���03��� W7��54���45���) (Caporiacco 1932). Further material examined. MOROCCO, Marrakech-Safi: Amizmiz (N31��13���26��� W8��15���2���), 1♀, 28.III.1952, J. Malhomme leg. (ISRM), Souss-Massa: N. Agadir, road Tamri���Tamanar, N. Tamri estuary (N30��44'20��� E9��50'6���), 90m, 5♀, pitfalls in dunes with scarce vegetation, 5���28.IV.2012, R. Bosmans & J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK, CRB), idem, Tamri estuary (N30��42'35��� E9��51'16���), 5m, 1♀, pitfalls in Tamarix marsh, 5���28.IV.2012, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Ecology. The species was collected in spring in an estuary and in neighbouring dunes. Distribution. Only known from a limited area in the south of Morocco (map 4). MAP 4. Distribution of Haplodrassus nigroscriptus (Simon) (squares), H. triangularis sp. n. (circles) and H. typhon (Simon) (triangles)., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on pages 22-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Simon, E. (1909) Etude sur les arachnides recueillis au Maroc par M. Martinez de la Escalera en 1907. Memorias de la real Sociedad espanola de Historia natural, Series 6, 1, 1 - 43.","Caporiacco, L. di (1932) Escursione zoologica all Oasi di Marrakesch. Aracnidi. Bolletino di Zoologia, Napoli, 3, 233 - 238. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250003209429227"]}

Haplodrassus securifer Bosmans & Abrous, sp. n. Figs 145‒153, 162‒166, map 7 Drassodes invalidus: Simon 1914: 138, 210, fig. 243 (only ♂, non ♀ = D. mediterraneus; misidentification). Haplodrassus macellinus hebes: Denis 1948: 146; Denis, 1967: 35 (misidentifications). MAP 7. Distribution of Haplodrassus securifer sp. n. Types. Holotype ♂, 3♂ paratypes from Algeria, Atlas of Blida, slopes to the gorge of Oued Chiffa (N36°23’38” E2°48’24”), 1000m, pitfalls in irrigated orchard, 27.VI.1989; ♂ holotype, 1 paratype: RBINS; 2 paratypes: MNHN (MNHN AR15709); 3♂ 2♀ paratypes from Algeria, Tamanrasset, Gara de l’Assekrem (N23°17’1” E5°36’32”), de Peyerimhoff leg., 3‒7.IV.1939 (Denis 1948, as Haplodrassus macellinus hebes) (MNHN AR9226). Diagnosis. Haplodrassus securifer sp. n. is closely related to H. macellinus Thorell, 1871. In males of H. macellinus the tibial apophysis is more elongate and more rounded terminally (fig. 237 versus Figs 147, 163). The length and shape of the embolic apophysis is more elongate in H. macelllinus than in H. securifer, and as long as the embolus in H. securifer sp. n. (Figs 149, 162), much shorter than the embolus in H. macellinus (fig. 236). Females are distinguished by the hood as wide as the areola in H. securifer sp. n. (Figs 151, 165), half as wide in H. macellinus (Figs 238, 239). Etymology. The species name is derived from the Latin noun securis (axe) and the verb ferre, to wear, and refers to the shape of the tibial apophysis resembling an axe. It also reminds the species names H. dentifer sp. n. and H. signifer. Description. Measurements: Male (n= 20): Total length 5.2‒6.5; carapace 2.1‒2.6 long, 1.7‒2.0 wide. Female (n= 10): Total length 6.0‒10.0; carapace 2.8‒2.9 long, 2.0‒2.2 wide. Colour: Carapace chestnut brown with darker eye region; chelicerae dark brown; legs yellowish brown; abdomen grey to pale grey, often dorsally pale grey with a darker grey pattern of stripes and chevrons: anteriorly with 3‒4 pairs of oblique stripes, posteriorly with 5‒6 chevrons; venter pale. Spination: Basal spination but ventral spines on Mt I and prolateral spines on Fe IV mostly missing. Male palp (Figs 147‒151, 162‒164): Tibial apophysis slightly curved, as long as the tibia’s diameter, very asymmetrical, dorsal margin strongly truncate in distal half (Figs 147, 163); median apophysis with relatively long hook; embolic apophysis curved a bit at base only, then almost straight, directed anteriorly, terminally pointed (Figs 149, 164); embolus hidden by large embolic apophysis. Epigyne: Epigyne slightly longer than wide, pro-fovea as long as fovea, anterior margin straight, poorly marked (Figs 151, 165); fovea somewhat longer than wide, pointed posteriorly; areola semi-circular, with anteromedian angularity; large and rounded lateral pockets, double the size of the receptacles (Figs 152‒153, 166). Further material examined. AFRICA: ALGERIA, Alger, Birtouta (N36°38'2” E2°56'56”), 1♂ 1♀, pitfalls in orange garden, V.2012, S. Bouseksou leg. (COA), Blida, Atlas Blidéen, Pic Abdelkader (N36°24’14” E2°50’6”), 1650m, 1♂, pitfalls in Cedrus atlantica forest, 27.VI.1989, idem, 1000m, 6♂, pitfalls in grassland in orchard, 27.VI.1989, O. Abrous leg. (CRB), M’sila, Aïn Oghrab (N35°0’52” E4°6’24”), 1♂, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 12794 (MNHN AR15710), Tizi Ouzou, Chabet El Ameur (N36°37'4” E3°44'9”), 250m, 1♂, stones in fields, 20.IV.1990, R. Bosmans leg (CRB). MOROCCO, Béni Mellal-Khénifra, Beni Mellal, Khemis des Oulad Ayad (N32°11'04” E6°55'45”), 400m, 2♂, stones in irrigated fields, 16.IV.2012, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Fès-Meknès, Missour (N33°2’24” W3°59’52”), 1♂, pitfalls in steppe, 24.IV.2002, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Souss-Massa, Agadir (N30°25’50” W9°37’24”), 220m, 1♂ 1♀, stones around old Kasbah, 28.IV.2012, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Igherm E. (N30°8’11” W8°23’38”), 1790m, 1♀, stony steppe, 24.IV.2012, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), TUNISIA, Beja, Nefza, road to Zouaraa beach (N36°59'30” E8°58' 2), 1♂, in maquis, 1.V.2006, P. Pantini & A. Sassu leg. (MCSNB), Gafsa, Djébel Biada, S. Sened (N34°24'44” E9°13'56”), 1100m, 1♂ 2♀, stones in steppe, 9.V.2006, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). EUROPE: PORTUGAL, Algarve, Castelo de Aljezur (N37°19'0” W8°48'47”), 1♂ 1♀, stones in grassland near castle, 22.V.2007, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). GIBRALTAR (N36°7'34” W5°20'43”), 2♂, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 14200 (MNHN AR15704). SPAIN, Málaga, Alozaina (N36°44'53” W4°50'33”), 200m, 1♂, stones in small Quercus suber forest, 9.IV.1999, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). ITALY, Puglia, Valenzano (N41°2’46” E16°53’1”), 1♂, pitfalls in olive grove, 5.VI.2003, R. Addante leg. (MCSNB), Sardinia, Sant’Antioco (N39°4’12” E8°27’8”), 1♂, 1970 (MCSNB), Sicilia, Palermo, Terrasini, Riserva Naturale Orientata Capo Rama (N38°8'22” E13°3’38”), 2♂ 1♀, 15‒25.V.2012, pitfalls in palm grove, C. Cusimano leg. (MCSNB). BELGIUM, Limburg, Waterschei (N51°0'36” E5°33'6”), 1♂, pitfalls on old mine slag-heap, 23.VIII.1992, M. Janssen leg. (CMJ). FRANCE, Haute-Corse, Scandola Reserve, Île de Gargalu, 42°21’25” E8°34’0”), 1♂, under stones, 2‒16.V.2014, P. Ponel leg. (CPO), Hérault: Clermont l’Hérault (N43°38’59” E3°23’26”), 175m, 1♂, stones in open grassland, 13.V.2015, P. Oger leg. (CPO), Pyrénées-Orientales, Banyuls-sur-Mer (42°28’54” E3°7’42”), 3♂ 1♀, as D. macellinus, Coll. Berland (MNHN AR9225), Corneilla de Conflent, Mas Forges, (N42°33’59” E2°22’50”), 750m, 1♂, pitfalls in deciduous forest, 8.VI‒8.VII.1982, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Distribution. Haplodrassus securifer sp. n. appears to have a large distribution area: Portugal, Spain, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, France, Belgium and Italy (map 7). In Algeria, it was recorded in the Central North but also in the Hoggar in the South, in Morocco in the North and in the South, in Spain in Andalucía, in France in the South and in Italy in Puglia, Sardinia and Sicilia. The only record in Belgium is remarkable and is probably an introduction. The species was found on an old slag-heap of charcoal enjoying an exceptional warm microclimate. Some other rare Belgian species were found there, such as Agroecina lineata (Simon, 1878) and Gnaphosa opaca Herman, 1879 (Janssen 1994). Although pitfalls traps were used during two consecutive years, only one male was found., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on pages 39-41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Simon, E. (1914) Les arachnides de France. Synopsis general et catalogue des especes francaises de l'ordre des Araneae. Tome VI. 1 re partie. Roret, Paris, 308 pp.","Denis, J. (1948) Araignees du Hoggar recoltees par M. de Peyerimhoff. Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire naturelle d'Afrique du Nord, 39, 146 - 149.","Denis, J. (1967) Quelques captures d'Araignees pyreneennes (III). Bulletin de la Societe d'Histoire naturelle de Toulouse, 103, 32 - 50.","Thorell, T. (1871) Remarks on synonyms of European spiders. Part II. C. J. Lundstrom, Uppsala, 312 pp. [pp. 97 - 228]","Simon, E. (1878) Les arachnides de France. Tome IV. Roret, Paris, 334 pp.","Janssen, M. (1994) Vier nieuwe spinnensoorten voor de Belgische fauna. Niewsbrief van de Belgische arachnologische Vereniging, 9, 82 - 83."]}

Haplodrassus invalidus (O.P.- Cambridge, 1872) Figs 223���231 Drassus invalidus O.P.- Cambridge, 1872: 237 (♂); Simon 1878: 135, figs 19, 19a (♂♀); Simon 1914: 138, fig. 243 (♂, not♀ = H. mediterraneus). Haplodrassus invalidus; Levy 2004: 31, figs 70���73 (♂♀); Kovblyuk et al. 2012: 68, figs 32���34 (♂). Types: Holotype ♂ of Drassus invalidus from the plain of the Jordan; HECO, B. 243, tube 54; examined by Levy (2004). Material examined. CYPRUS, Famagusta, Karpasia Peninsula, Moni Apostolou Andreas (N35��39'28��� E34��34'23���), 50m, 1♂, stones in wasteland, 16.V.2011 (CRB), Mersinlik (Flamouda) W. (N35��24'31��� E33��49'38���), 25m, 1♂ 1♀, pitfalls in short montane grassland, 25.V.2011 (CRB), Larnaca, Kornos picnic site (N34��55'25��� E33��24'19���), 350m, 1♂, stones in pine forest, 28.V.2011 (CRB), Pafos, Mavrokolymnos Dam, Potima NE (N34��51'31��� E32��24'26���), 150m, 1♂, stones along lake, 22.V.2011 (CRB). Remark. The synonymy of H. invalidus (O.P.- Cambridge, 1872) with H. vignai Di Franco, 1996 proposed by Levy (2004) is rejected (see under H. macellinus). Description. See Kovblyuk et al. 2012. Distribution. Egypt (O. P-Cambridge 1872), Israel (Levy 2004), Azerbaijan (Kovblyuk et al. 2012) and Cyprus (new record). Citations of H. invalidus in Italy (Di Franco 2001), Spain (Barriga et al. 2006; Lecigne, 2012) are considered to be incorrect, those in Greece (Chatzaki 2008; Schr��der et al. 2011) need confirmation., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1872) General list of the spiders of Palestine and Syria, with descriptions of numerous new species, and characters of two new genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 40 (1), 212 - 354.","Simon, E. (1878) Les arachnides de France. Tome IV. Roret, Paris, 334 pp.","Simon, E. (1914) Les arachnides de France. Synopsis general et catalogue des especes francaises de l'ordre des Araneae. Tome VI. 1 re partie. Roret, Paris, 308 pp.","Levy, G. (2004) Spiders of the genera Drassodes and Haplodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 50, 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1560 / RUQP- 20 ML-VDBA- 3 GKX","Kovblyuk, M. M., Kastrygina, Z. A. & Omelko, M. M. (2012) A review of the spider genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in Crimea (Ukraine) and adjacent areas (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). ZooKeys, 205, 59 - 89 https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 205.3491","Di Franco, F. (1996) Gnaphosidae dei Colli Albani (Arachnida, Araneae). Fragmenta Entomologica, 28, 169 - 187.","Di Franco, F. (2001) Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) della Riserva Naturale Orientata \" Oasi del Simeto \" (Catania). Naturalista Siciliano, 25, 195 - 215.","Barriga, J. C., Jimenez-Valverde, A., Morano, E., Moreno, A. G. & Melic, A. (2006) Aranas de la provincia de Ciudad Real (Arachnida: Araneae) (Castilla la Mancha, Espana). Revista Iberica de Aracnologia, 13, 125 - 142.","Lecigne, S. (2012) Inventaire araneologique (Arachnida, Araneae) dans la ville d'Estepona (Malaga, Espagne). Revista Iberica de Aracnologιa, 21, 161 - 167.","Chatzaki, M. (2008) A critical review of the spider family Gnaphosidae in Greece. In: Makarov, S. E. & Dimitrijevic, R. N. (Eds.), Advances in Arachnology and Developmental Biology. Papers dedicated to Prof. Dr. Bozidar Curcic. Monographs 12. Inst. Zool., Belgrade; BAS, Sofia; Fac. Life Sci., Vienna; SASA, Belgrade & UNESCO MAB Serbia, Vienna- Belgrade-Sofia, pp. 355 - 374."]}

Haplodrassus crassipes (Lucas, 1846), comb. n. Figs 1‒9, 18‒23, map 1 Drassus crassipes Lucas, 1846: 217, pl. 13 fig. 4 (♂♀). Drassus macellinus: Pavesi 1884: 467; Simon 1885: 39 (misidentifications). Drassodes macellinus: Simon 1908: 52; Simon 1914: 139; Denis 1937: 1035 (misidentifications). Haplodrassus macellinus: Di Franco 1994: 206 (misidentification). Haplodrassus macellinus hebes: Denis 1948: 146 (misidentification). Types. Lectotype ♂ (MNHN AR14576), paralectotype ♀ (MNHN AR14577) of Drassus crassipes, by present designation, from Algeria, La Calle (= El Kala); MNHN, Coll. Lucas; examined. Remarks. Type material of Drassus crassipes was discovered in the collection of the MNHN and could be compared with our material. It appears to be one of the most abundant Haplodrassus species in the Maghreb, in the past confused with H. macellinus. Diagnosis. Haplodrassus crassipes is the largest Haplodrassus species in North Africa, with males up to 10 mm and females up to 16 mm. Small specimens overlap however with other species, so size cannot be used as a sole diagnostic character. It differs from all other species in males by the S-shaped embolic apophysis with nearly parallel margins, terminally with a small dorsal tooth (Figs 4, 6, 19‒20). Females are most close to H. securifer sp. n. but differ by the epigyne being longer than wide (Figs 7, 22), as wide as long in H. securifer sp. n. (Figs. 145, 165). Description. Measurements: Male 5 (n=20): Total length 6.1‒10.3; carapace 2.8‒5.9 long, 2.2‒4.4 wide. Female (n=20): Total length 10.2 ‒ 16.4; carapace 3.4 ‒6.4 long, 2.2‒4.6 wide. Colour: Carapace brown to dark reddish brown, cephalic part infuscate; chelicerae dark brown; legs yellowish brown to dark reddish brown; abdomen dark brownish to dark greyish, venter pale. Spinulation: General pattern, but ventral spines on MtI and II sometimes missing and without prolateral spines on TiIV in all specimens examined. Male palp (Figs 3‒6, 18‒21): Tibial apophysis nearly twice as long as its diameter, distinctly constricted basally, distal part strongly asymmetric, with truncate dorsal margin; embolic apophysis S-shaped, with nearly parallel margins, terminally with a small dorsal nipple. Epigyne (Figs 7‒9, 22‒23): Distinctly longer than wide (1.3x); hood slightly narrower than areola, posterior margin nearly straight, with strongly recurved lateral parts; pro-fovea relatively large, as long as fovea, laterally with some longitudinal folds; fovea wider than long, elevated in the middle, antero-laterally with obtuse tooth, in most specimens hidden by concretions (compare Figs 7 & 8); areola oval, wider than long; receptacles large, touching; lateral pockets wide, semi-circular. Citations. ALGERIA, Annaba, Monts de l’Edough (36°55'38” E7°43'11”) (Di Franco 1994, as H. macellinus), El Tarf, El Kala (N36°53’44” E8°26’36”) (Lucas 1846), Jijel, Djébel Daya (N36°35’00” E6°11’00”) (Denis 1937, as D. macellinus, Souk-Ahras, Souk-Ahras (N36°17’11” E7°57’04”) (Simon 1885, as D. macellinus). TUNISIA, Beja, Aïn Draham (N36°46’43” E8°41’14”) (Simon 1908, as D. macellinus), Gabes, Gabes (N33°52’53” E10°05’54”) (Simon 1885, as D. macellinus), Tunis, Hammam-el-Lif (Simon 1885, as D. macellinus), Tunis, Porto Farina (N37°10’10” E10°11’26”) (Pavesi 1884, as D. macellinus). Further material examined. “ Algeria: Saïda! Djebel Maadid! Ouarsenis! Bône! (= Annaba) (E. Simon leg.), Theniet-el-Had (L. Bedel leg.). Tunisia ”, 1♂ 12♀, labelled D. macellinus, Coll. Simon 2916 (MNHN AR9216). ALGERIA, Alger, Bab Ezzouar (N36°42’45” E3°10’54”), 25m, 1♀, pitfalls in wasteland at University Campus, 29.IV.1987, 1♀, 15.III.1988, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), 4♂ 6♀, 7.VII.2008 ‒ 22.V.2009 (COA), Aïn Defla, Miliana, Djébel Zaccar (N36°20’0” E2°13’00”), 1000m, 1♂, stones in Quecus ilex forest, 23.IV.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Blida, Atlas Blidéen, Chréa, 1300m, 10♂, pitfalls in Cedrus atlantica forest, 27.VI.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Chréa, Djébel Ferroukha, Ghellaï (N36°28’10” E2°56’18”), 1350m, 1♂, sieving litter in Cedrus atlantica plantation, 20.X.1987, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Chréa, Pic E. Abdelkader (N36°24’14” E2°50’6”), 1520m, 1♂, pitfalls in Cedrus atlantica forest, 27.V.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), S. Meftah, Djébel Zerouela (N36°36’0” E3°15’00”), 1♂, stones in grassland, 7.IV.1987, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Bouira, Er Rich (N36°25’28” E3°51’ 19’), 450m, 1♂, under stones, 15.IV.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Massif du Djurdjura, Tikjda (N36°26'54” E4°7'44”), 1510m, 1♀, pitfalls in Cedrus atlantica forest, 11.VI.1988 and 1♂, 24.IV.1982, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Massif du Djurdjura, Tizi Boussouil (N36°27'37” E4°9'57”), 1720m, 4♂ 1♀, pitfalls in stony and spiny grassland, VIII.1990, O. Abrous leg. (COA, CRB), Massif du Djurdjura, Col de Tizi 'n Kouillal (N36°28'26” E4°14'9”), 1520m, 1♂, pitfalls in Amphelodesmus grassland, III.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Saharidj, 650m, 1♂, pitfalls in dense Pistacea lentisca maquis, 1.VI.1988, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Boumerdes, between Larba and Col des 2 Bassins (N36°31'33” E3°13'30”), 800m, 5♀, stones in open Quercus ilex forest, 21.V.1987, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), between Toulmout and Keddara (N36°37'17" E3°27'46”), 500m, 2♀, stony grassland near Ifri Nziri cave, 27.IV.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Chlef, Forêt de Tacheta, 850m, 2♂, pitfalls in Quercus faginea forest, 29.IX.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Sétif, Djébel Babor, N. slope (N31°30'35” E5°29'15”), 1600m, 1♂, stones in open Cedrus atlantica forest, 21.IV.1982, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Monts du Hodna, Djébel Bouthaleb (N35°43’25” E5°21’8”), 1450m, 1♀, pitfalls in Cedrus atlantica forest, 20.IV.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Tissemsilt, 5 km N. Théniet-el-Had (N35°53'38” E2°3'11”), 880m, 1♀, litter in irrigated garden, 20.IV.1984, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Tizi Ouzou, Chabet-el-Ameur (N36°37'17” E3°43'46”), 250m, 2♂, stones bordering fields, 20.IV.1990 (CRB), Mazer, 5 km E. Tigzirt (N36°53'38” E4°2'5”), 50m, 1♂, litter in Pistacea lentisca maquis, 27.IV.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), 5 km E. Tizi Ouzou, (N36°42'26” E4°10'20”), 180m, 1♂, herbs on damp slope, 25.I.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), forêt de Mizrana (N6°52' 5' E4°4'5”), 300m, 1♀, stones in Quercus suber forest, 26.I.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Massif du Djurdjura, Aït Ouabane (N36°28'1” E4°17'1”), 1♂, 1410m, pitfalls in Cedrus atlantica forest, 1.VI.1988, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Massif du Djurdjura, Tala Guilef (N36°28’36” E3°59'48”), 1420m, 29♂ 11♀, pitfalls in grassland, XI.1992 ‒ XI.1993, O. Abrous leg. (COA, CRB), Tirourda (N36°28'33” E4°20'9”), 1300m, 1♀, herbs at entrance of Maccabée cave (Ifri Megath), 27.IV.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Tizi Ouzou (N36°42'42” E4°2'37”), 195m, 1♂, stones near hotel Amraoua, 25.I.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Tlemcen, Mansourah, plateau de Lalla Setti (N36°4'52” E4°27'42”), 975m, 5♂ 3♀, litter in Pinus halepensis forest, 6.V.1984, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). MOROCCO, Fès-Meknès, N. Timahdite (N33°14'11” W5°3'31”), 1800m, 1♂ 1♀, stones in grassland, 7.II.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Marrakech-Safi, Marakech, Amizmiz (N31°13’26” W8°15’2”), 1♀, 7.II.1962, J. Malhomme leg. (ISRM). SPAIN, Melilla, 1♀, as Drassodes ariasi Simon nomen nudum, Arias leg., Coll. Simon 24784 (MNHN AR15691). Ecology. The species was mostly collected in forests at higher altitudes in the humid and subhumid climate zones of the Maghreb. Males were collected from September to June, females from January to June. Distribution. Tell Atlas in Algeria, Rif and Middle Atlas in Morocco (map 1). MAP 1. Distribution of Haplodrassus crassipes (Lucas).

Haplodrassus omissus (O.P.- Cambridge, 1872), stat. n. Figs 87‒97, 108‒112, map 5 Drassus omissus O.P.- Cambridge, 1872: 239, pl. 15 (♀). Drassus parvulus L. Koch, 1882: 632, pl. 20 figs 10‒11 (♂), syn. n. Drassodes acrotirius Roewer, 1928: 102, pl. 1, fig. 8 (♀); Chatzaki, Thaler & Mylonas 2002: 587, figs 62 A –B (♀), syn. n. Drassodes seditiosus Caporiacco, 1928a: 83, fig. 1 (♀), syn. n. Haplodrassus seditiosus; Caporiacco 1934: 9, fig. 3 (♂, tranfer). Drassodes parvicorpus Roewer, 1951: 443 (superfluous replacement name for Drassus parvulus). Haplodrassus maroccanus Denis, 1956: 196, figs 4‒6 (♂ ♀). Haplodrassus dalmatensis; Levy 2004: 24, figs 57‒59, 61 (misidentification). Haplodrassus parvicorpus; Bosmans & Van Keer 2012: 11, figs 27‒28 (♂; synonymy with H. dalmatensis rejected). Types. Holotype ♀ of Drassus omissus O.P.-Cambridge from Palestine, Hebron; HECO, Coll. O.P.-Cambridge; examined. Holotype ♂ of Drassus parvulus from Spain, Baleares, Mallorca, Rivera near Palma, 22.IV.1882, Schmalfüsz leg., examined; ZMB 7913. Holotype ♀ of Drassodes seditiosus from Lybia, Giarabub, XII.1926; MCSG, examined. Type series of Haplodrassus maroccanus from Morocco, Souss-Massa, Ouled Teima, according to Denis (1956) containing 1♂, 3 subadult♂, 1♀ and 1 subadult♀, 21.II.1954 and 1 subadult female from Amzou; not examined, not trackable in the MNHN. Holotype ♀, 1 subadult♂ of Drassodes acrotirius Roewer, 1928 from Greece, Crete, Akrotiri; examined; SMF Coll. Roewer 581. Diagnosis Haplodrassus omissus and H. dalmatensis are two closely related sibling species, both recognised by the presence of two retrolateral teeth on the embolic apophysis in the male and of a median septum in the epigyne of the female. In H. omissus males, the embolic apophysis is more elongated and terminally pointed (Figs 93, 108), more compact and terminally rounded in H. dalmatensis (Figs 14, 25). Females are separated by the fovea as long as wide in H. omissus (Figs 95, 111), longer than wide in H. dalmatensis (Figs 16, 28). Remarks. Levy (2004) considered Drassus omissus a junior synonym of D. morosus. According to him, the type is not in the Oxford Museum, where Cambridge normally deposited his specimens. However, one of us (CH) searched the collection of the Oxford Museum and discovered the missing types of several species, among them the type of Drassus omissus [also those of Drassus unicolor O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 and Hecaerge opiniosa (O. Pickard- Cambridge, 1872)]. Both Drassus omissus and D. unicolor were reported to be missing in the Oxford collection (Levy 2004). Although he apparently did not see the type, Levy considered Drassus omissus O.P.- Cambridge, 1872 a junior synonym of Drassus morosus O.P.- Cambridge, 1872. Examination of the holotype now shows this is incorrect and Drassus omissus is a valid species. Cambridge’s figure 17 shows the typical cross-like structure in the fovea of the epigyne that is also present in the fovea of Drassus parvulus, a junior synonym. This name was used for three different species in the past: Drassus parvulus Blackwall, 1833, Drassus parvulus Lucas, 1846 and Drassus parvulus L. Koch, 1882. Blackwall’s name is a synonym of Dictyna arundinacea (Linnaeus, 1758), Lucas’ species appeared to belong to Setaphis and was given the replacement name Setaphis lucasi by Roewer (1951), which action Platnick & Murphy (1996) in his turn called superfluous. Finally, L. Koch’s species appears to be a Haplodrassus species which was given the replacement name H. parvicorpus by Roewer (1951). Also, this name has no longer to be used, as it now appears to be a junior synonym of Haplodrassus omissus (O.P.- Cambridge, 1872). Caporiacco (1928a) described Drassodes seditiosus in a paper on the spiders of the Giarabub region in Lybia. Examination of the holotype female shows it is identical to H. omissus and H. seditiosus thus becomes a junior synonym of H. omissus. In a paper on the Haplodrassus species of Israel, Levy (2004) gave an excellent description of specimens he thought to be Haplodrassus dalmatensis. In the female, he distinguished two forms. Fig. 59 of the ‘common’ form corresponds with H. dalmatensis, fig. 60 of the ‘variation’ figures the epigyne of H. omissus. Figure 57 of the male palp clearly shows an elongated, terminally pointed embolic apophysis, as in H. omissus. MAP 5. Distribution of Haplodrassus omissus (O.P.-Cambridge). Description. Measurements: Male (n=20): Total length 6.6‒7.5; carapace 2.9‒3.3 long, 2.3‒2.7 wide. Female (n=20): Total length 4.9‒7.2; carapace 2.01‒2.84 long, 1.52‒2.36 wide. Colour: Carapace brown, cephalic part dark brown; legs pale yellowish; abdomen pale grey, with grey antero-median stripe and postero-dorsal chevrons. Spinulation: General pattern. Male palp (Figs 90‒94, 108‒110): Tibial apophysis shorter than the diameter of the segment, almost straight, gradually tapering, with antero-lateral concavity and truncate tip (Figs 91, 109); embolic apophysis oblique, elongated, with two strong teeth along its retrolateral margin, terminally sharply pointed (Figs 90, 110); embolus with short subdistal denticle. Epigyne (Figs 95‒97, 111‒112): Hood wider than fovea, protruding in the middle; pro-fovea relatively short, only 1/3 the length of fovea; fovea twice as wide in basal part as in median part, posteriorly with median septum; lateral pockets relatively narrow. Citations in the Maghreb. LIBYA, Shabiyat al Butnan, Al Jaghbub (as Giarabub) (N29°44’33” E24°31’0”) (as Drassodes seditiosus, Caporiacco 1928a, 1934). MOROCCO, Souss-Massa, Amzou, Ouled Teima (N30°23’40”W9°12’32”) (as H. maroccanus Denis 1956). Further material examined. AFRICA: ALGERIA, Alger, Bab Ezzouar (N36°42’45” E3°10’54”), 20m, 2♀, pitfalls in grassland near university, 9.V.1988, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Blida, Atlas Blidéen, Chréa, Pic Abdelkader (N36°24’14” E2°50’6”), 1520m, 2♀, sieving litter in Cedrus atlantica forest, 9.V.1988, 1♂, pitfalls in Cedrus atlantica forest, 20.VI.1997 ‒ 8.V.1998, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Djelfa, Hassi Babbah, El Mesrane (N34°54’59” E3°3’6”), 900m, 1♀, pitfalls in fixed dunes, 28.III.1989, 1♂, 3.XI.1989, R. Bosmans & N. Bouragba leg. (CRB), El Bayadh, Le Kreider (N34°8’41” E0°4’9”), 1♀, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 11933 (MNHN AR15697), M'sila, S. E. Bou Saada, Oued Temsa (35°9’34” E3°54’25”), 600m, 1♀, stones in dry river bed, 22.V.1988, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), between Aumale (= Sour-El Ghozlane) and Bou Saada (N35°20’36” E6°4’46”), Aïn Oghrab (N35°0’52” E4°6’24”), 2♀, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 12988 (MNHN AR15698), Aïn Oghrab (N35°0’52” E4°6’24”), 3♀, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 12794 (MNHN AR15699). MOROCCO, Casablanca-Settat, Mechra Benabou (32°’41’26” E9°19’14”), 400m, 1♀, stones in recent Pinus plantation, 9.II.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Drâa-Tafilalet, Timiderte, between Sidi Ifni and El Arba del Mesti (N29°19'45” W10°7'51”), 1♂, stones bordering fields, 10. II.2007, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Fès-Meknès, S. E. Taza, near gouffre de Friouatou (N34°6’15” W4°4’20”), 1550m, 1♀, stones in open Quercus ilex forest, 8.V.1984, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), SW Aïn Taoujdate (N33°56’8” W5°12’41"), 480m, 2♂, pitfalls in wheat fields, 30.IV.1997, S. Boksch leg. (CRB), Missour (N33°2’24” W3°59’52”), 1♂, pitfalls in steppe, 5.II.2002 (CRB), S. El Herri (N32°51’17” E5°36’52”), 850m, 2♀, stones bordering fields, 17.IV.2012, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Guelmim-Oued Noun, Guelmim, Station Abeino (N29°5’41” W10°1’5”), 1♂, 20.II.1954, G. Pasteur & J. B. Panouse leg. (ISRM), Marrakech-Safi, Essaouira, Aïn El Hayar, 1♂, as Drassodes nigropictus Simon nomen nudum, Coll. Simon 25076 (MNHN AR9368), surroundings of Marrakech (N31°31’3” W7°59’59”), 1♂, 02.I.1962 (ISRM), My Brahim, SE barrage Lala Takerkouste, Plateau du Kik (N31°15’ W8°50’), 1450m, 1♀, 29.IV.1962, J. Malhomme leg. (ISRM), Rabat-Salé-Kénitra, Forêt de Mamora, Sidi Allal Bahraoui (N34°2’41” W6°35’25”), 1♀, 29.V.1962 (ISRM), Souss-Massa, Agadir (N30°25’50” W9°37’24”), 220m, 1♂, 1♀, stones around old Kasbah, 28.IV.2012, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Igherm E. (N30°8’11” W8°23’38”), 1790m, 1♀, stony steppe, 24.IV.2012, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Sebt-Guerdane (N30°29’24” W9°37’48”), 200m, 1♂ 1♀, stones in abandoned fields, 4.II.1996, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK); Taourirt E., Irhahi (N36°35’00” W4°56’00”), 500m, 1♂ 1♀, stones in steppe, 23.IV.2012, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Sebt-Guerdane (N30°29’24” W9°37’48”), 200m, 1♂ 1♀, stones in abandoned fields, 4.II.1996, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK). TUNISIA, Nabeul, El Haouaria (36°41’36” E10°52’9”), 5♂ 1♀, litter in dunes, 19.IV.1993, K. De Smet leg. (CRB). EUROPE: SPAIN, Almería, Padules (37°0’20” W2°46’4”), 1♂, stones on a humid slope, 9.IV.1998, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK); Cádiz, Bolonia (36°5’20” W5°46’27”), 1♀, 8.V.1993, P. Poot leg., Tarifa (N36°0’50” W5°36’25”), 2♂ 5♀, IV.1992, P. Poot leg. (CRB), Baleares, Mallorca, Puig de Randa (N39°43'45” E2°57'23”), 520m, 1♂, stones in maquis, 5.IV.2003, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Ses Salines, salines des Calobrar (N39°21'11” E3°0' 51'), 30m, 1♂, stones and litter in salt marsh, 5.IV.2003, and 1♀, 31.III.2010, K. H. Kielhorn leg. (CKHK), Canary Islands, Gran Canaria, 4♂ 2♀ 3 juveniles, C. Alluaud leg., 1898, Coll. Simon 10285 (MNHN AR15700), Málaga, Málaga, 2♀, as Drassodes ictericus L. Koch nomen nudum, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 2050 (MNHN AR9444). PORTUGAL, Algarve, Albufeira (N37°5’0” W8°15’41”), 1♂, 9.III.1992, P. Poot leg. (CRB). GREECE, Dodekanisa, Rhodos, Ladiko Bay (N36°19'28” E28°12'52”), 1♀, stones in dunes, 15.V.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Peloponnisos, Achaia: Kalogria (N38°08'06” E21°22'34”), 5m, 1♂ 1♀, 27.IV.2006, P. Ponel leg. (CPP), Arkadia, Megalopoli, Thersileiou (N37°24'50” E22°7'35”), 385m, 1♀, G. Delmastro leg. (CRB)., Ilia, Simopoulo E. (N37°51'2” E21°36'14”), 350m, 1♀, litter in old Quercus forest, 30.V.1998, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Makedonia, Thessaloniki, Epanoumi (N40°25'15” E22°53'33”), 10m, 1♀, stones in camping site, 13.VI.1997, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). CYPRUS: Famagusta, Cape Greko, 1♀, Juniperus phoenicea forest, 1.V.2016 (CMH), Lefkosia: Lakamatia, 3♂ 1♀, olive groove and fields, 1.I‒1.X. 2016 (CMH, CRB). Distribution. The Mediterranean region from the Canary Islands to Israel (map 5).

Haplodrassus bohemicus Miller & Buchar, 1977 Figs 198���204 Haplodrassus bohemicus Miller & Buchar, 1977: 163, pl. II, figs 1���6 (♂♀); Stefanovska et al. 2008: 37, figs 10��� 15 (♂♀); Kovblyuk et al. 2012: 62, figs 1���6, 10���12 (♂♀). Types: Holotype female, paratype male from Czech Republic, Bohemia, Ran��, near Louny, Buchar leg.; not examined. Comments. Our specimens are tentatively identified as H. bohemicus and are described hereunder, because the existing drawings of the species by Miller & Buchar (1977), Stefanovska et al. (2008) and Kovblyuk et al. (2012) don���t seem to belong to the same species. The embolic apophysis is gradually narrowing in figs 1���2 of Miller & Buchar, and in figs 10���11 of Stefanovska et al., whereas it has a step-like prodorsal margin in figs 2���3, 5���6 of Kovblyuk et al. Further studies are required to solve this problem. Description. Measurements: Male (n=7): Total length 5.2���7.8 mm; carapace 2.2���2.8 long, 1.7���2.2 wide. Female (n=11): Total length 7.6���8.6 mm; carapace 2.8���3.2 long, 2.1���2.4 wide. Colour: Carapace yellowish brown to brown, in some specimens with darkened striae and margin; legs yellowish brown; abdomen greyish black, anterior part with 3 pairs of small longitudinal stripes, in females mostly followed by 6���7 pairs of chevrons. Male palp (Figs 200���203): Tibial apophysis relatively short, slightly widened before rounded tip; embolic apophysis thick, only slightly bent, gradually narrowing, distal part with slightly elevated crest, tip pointed. Epigyne (Fig. 204): Slightly longer than wide, with hood distinctly narrower than areola; fovea nearly rectangular, posterior margin poorly expressed; areola very wide. Material examined. GREECE, Ipeiros, Ionnanina, Vikos-Aoos National Park, Astraka (N39��57'54��� E20��47'31���), 1910m, 3♂ 7♀, pitfalls in stony grassland, 30.IV���12.VII.2007, B. Vandenberghe leg. (CRB), idem, 4♂ 4♀, stones in grassland, 30.IV.2007, B. Vandenberghe leg. (CRB). Distribution. Czech Republic (Miller & Buchar 1977), S. of European Russia (Ponomarev & Tsvetkov 2006), FYR Macedonia (Stefanovska et al. 2008), Greece (Van Keer et al. 2010) and Ukraine (Kovblyuk et al. 2012)., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Miller, F. & Buchar, J. (1977) Neue Spinnenarten aus der Gattung Zelotes Distel [sic] und Haplodrassus Chamberlin (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Acta Universitatis Carolinae Biologica (Biol.), 1974, 157 - 171.","Stefanovska, D., Naumova, M., Prelik, D., Deltshev, C. & Lazarov, S. (2008) Spiders from the Skopje Region: a faunistic and zoogeographical analysis. Historia Naturalis Bulgarica, 19, 35 - 49.","Kovblyuk, M. M., Kastrygina, Z. A. & Omelko, M. M. (2012) A review of the spider genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in Crimea (Ukraine) and adjacent areas (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). ZooKeys, 205, 59 - 89 https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 205.3491","Ponomarev, A. V. & Tsvetkov, A. S. (2006) New and rare spiders of family Gnaphosidae (Aranei) from a southeast of Europe. Caucasian entomological Bulletin, 2, 5 - 13.","Van Keer, J., Van Keer, K., De Koninck, H. & Ramel, G. (2010) The arachnofauna (Araneae) of wetland Kirkini (Macedonia- Northern Central Greece). Acta zoologica Bulgarica, 62, 141 - 160."]}

Haplodrassus creticus (Roewer, 1928) Figs 214‒222 Drassodes creticus Roewer, 1928: 104, pl. 1, fig. 9 (♂). Scotophaeus walteri Roewer, 1928: 107, pl. 1, fig. 18 (♀). Haplodrassus creticus: Chatzaki et al. 2002: 585, figs 55‒60 (♂ ♀; transfer to Haplodrassus). Types: Holotype ♂ and paratype ♂ of Drassodes creticus from Crete, Knossos; deposited in SMF; examined by Chatzaki et al. (2002). Material examined. GREECE, Crete, Chania, Agriles (N35°17'57” E23°47' 24'), 1♀, stones around spring, 7.IV.2002, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Archondiko N. (N35°19'41” E23°39' 14'), 785m, 2♀, stones in maquis, 5.IV.2002, R. Bosmans & J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK, CRB), Elafonisi (N35°16'24” E23°32'26”), 10m, 1♀, stones in degraded dunes, 6.IV.2002 (CRB), Imbros Gorge (N35°14'26” E24°10'00”), 770m, 1♀, stones in grassland, 9.IV.2002, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Omalos (N35°18'36” E23°53'53”), 2♀, open Juniperus forest, 8.IV.2002 (CJVK), Sougia (N35°14’58” E23°48’36”), 100m, 1♀, 12.IV.2000, K. De Smet leg. (CRB), Iraklio: Lentas (N34°55’49” E24°55’24”), 1♂ 1♀, stony slope near coast, 18.V.1994, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Rethimno: Agia Galini (N 35°05’49” E 24°41’17”), 25m, 1♂, 15.III.1978 (CRB), Rethimno (N35°22'06” E24°28'42”), 10m, 1♀, litter on the high beach, 11.IV.2002, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK). Description. See Chatzaki et al. (2002). Distribution. An endemic species of Crete., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Roewer, C. F. (1928) Zoologische Streifzuge in Attika, Morea, und besonders auf der Insel Kreta, II. Araneae. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen, 27, 92 - 123.","Chatzaki, M., Thaler, K. & Mylonas, M. (2002) Ground spiders (Gnaphosidae; Araneae) of Crete (Greece). Taxonomy and distribution. I. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 109, 559 - 601. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 79611"]}

Haplodrassus longivulva Bosmans & Hervé, sp. n. Figs 41‒48, 54‒57, map 3 Types: Holotype ♂, paratypes 2♀ from Algeria, Naama, Mecheria, Coll. Simon 6294 (MNHN AR15688); deposited in MNHN. Etymology. The name is a noun in apposition and refers to the shape of the vulva which is distinctly longer than wide. Diagnosis. Males of Haplodrassus longivulva sp. n. differ from other species by the absence of teeth on the slightly sigmoid embolic apophysis (Figs 45, 54) and by the gradually narrowing tibial apophysis with subterminal concavity (Figs 43, 55). Females are much easier distinguished by the elongated epigyne with large anterior hood (Figs 47, 56). Description. Measurements: Male (n=2): total length 2.5‒3.6; carapace 1.53‒1.94 long, 0.86‒1.14 wide. Female (n=5): total length 4.0‒6.6; carapace 1.44‒2.79 long, 0.96‒1.88 wide. Colour (based on recently collected material): Carapace pale yellowish, cephalic part brown to reddish brown, less so in females; chelicerae reddish brown; sternum yellowish red in male, pale yellowish in female; legs pale yellowish grey; abdomen pale grey. Male palp (Figs 43‒46, 54‒55): Tibial apophysis short, ventral margin straight, dorsal margin with small subterminal concavity at base, terminally slightly widening and bluntly pointed; embolic apophysis slightly sigmoid, with narrow base, shorter than embolus, terminally with rounded tip. Epigyne (Figs 47‒48, 56‒57): Distinctly longer than wide (ratio 1.4‒1.6), anteriorly with marked hood; profovea and fovea elongated, fovea rectangular, anterolaterally with an oblique groove continuing in the pro-fovea; lateral pockets reniform, with lateral chambers. Further material examined. MOROCCO, Fès-Meknès: Missour (N33°2’24” W3°59’52”), 1♂, 22.XII.2002, 1♀, 3.IV.2002, pitfalls in steppe, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Marrakech-Safi, Mogador (= Essaouira) (N31°30’47” W9°46’11”), 1♀, Martinez de la Escalera leg., 1907, Coll. Simon 13417 (MNHN AR15689), Rabat-Salé-Kénitra Forêt de Maâmora, Sidi Allal Bahraoui (N34°2'41” W6°35'25”), 1♀, litter in Quercus suber forest, 5.XII.1989, S. Benhalima leg. (CSB), Souss-Massa, between Aoulouz and Taliouine (N30°34'41" W8°3'11”), 600m, 1♂, stones in steppe with scattered Argania spinosa trees, 4.II.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Ecology. The species was found in steppe vegetation as well as in dry Quercus forest. Males were collected in December and February, females in December and April. Distribution. Central and South Morocco, NW Algeria (map 3).

Key to the Haplodrassus species of the Maghreb region MALES 1 Cymbium with abundant, strong spines (fig. 71)................................................... nigroscriptus - Cymbium with few, less strong spines (fig. 32).............................................................. 2 2(1) Embolic apophysis hooked (fig. 190)........................................................ triangularis sp. n. 2 Embolic apophysis sigmoid or nearly straight (Figs 4, 14, 35 …)................................................. 3 3(2) Embolic apophysis small, occupying only one third of tegulum (Figs 122, 136); tibial apophysis slender, with narrow base (Figs 120, 137)............................................................................... rhodanicus - Embolic apophysis large, occupying at least half of tegulum (Figs 4, 14, 35 …); tibial apophysis voluminous, with broad base (Figs 5, 12, 33 …)..................................................................................... 4 4(3) Embolic apophysis with dorsal keel (Figs 158, 169)..................................................... signifer - Embolic apophysis without dorsal keel (Figs 4, 14, 35 …)...................................................... 5 5(4) Embolic apophysis with 2 prolateral teeth (Figs 14, 26, 93, 110)................................................. 6 - Embolic apophysis without (Figs 4, 35, 103 …) or at most with 1 prolateral tooth (Figs 62, 129)....................... 7 6(5) Embolic apophysis slender, elongated and with pointed tip (Figs 93, 108).................................... omissus - Embolic apophysis compact, robust, with blunt tip (Figs 14, 25)........................................ dalmatensis 7(6) Embolic apophysis with one prolateral tooth (Figs 62, 77, 129, 140)............................................. 8 - Embolic apophysis without prolateral tooth (Figs 4, 35, 103 …)................................................. 9 8(7) Teeth on embolic apophysis equal, apophysis appearing bifid (Figs 62, 79)............................... lyndae sp. n. - Teeth on embolic apophysis not equal (fig. 129, 142).................................................... rufipes 9(8) Embolus with a strong retrolateral tooth at its base (Figs 49, 51)....................................... dentifer sp. n. - Embolus without retrolateral tooth at base (Figs 4, 45, 103 …)............................................ …….10 10(9) Tibial apophysis nearly symmetric (Figs 100, 114).................................................. ovatus sp. n. - Tibial apophysis strongly asymmetric (Figs 5, 43, 147, 186)................................................... 11 11(10) Tibial apophysis terminally strongly pointed (Figs 186, 195).............................................. typhon - Tibial apophysis bluntly pointed (Figs 5, 43, 147)........................................................... 12 12(11) Tibial apophysis gradually narrowing, with subterminal concavity (Figs 43, 55)....................... longivulva sp. n. - Tibial apophysis not gradually narrowing, with basal concavity (Figs 5, 147)..................................... 13 13(12) Embolic apophysis terminally with pointed nipple (Figs 6, 20)........................................... crassipes - Embolic apophysis terminally blunt (Figs 149, 164)............................................... securifer sp. n. FEMALES 1 Tarsus and tibia of palp with more than 20 ventral spines (fig. 73)..................................... nigroscriptus - Tarsus of palp with less than 10 ventral spines (fig. 37........................................................ 2 2(1) Fovea triangular (Figs 178, 192)............................................................ triangularis sp. n. - Fovea oval or rounded (Figs 7, 16, 38 …)................................................................... 3 3(2) Epigyne at least twice as long as wide (Figs 47, 64, 124)....................................................... 4 - Epigyne less elongate, at most 1.7 times as long as wide (Figs 7, 16, 38).......................................... 6 4(3) Fovea narrow anteriorly, widening distinctly to the back (Figs 64, 81)................................... lyndae sp. n. - Fovea more or less rectangular (Figs 47, 124)............................................................... 5 5(4) Lateral margin of fovea with median angularity (Figs 47, 56)...................................... longivulva sp. n. - Lateral margin of fovea with parallel margins (Figs 124, 138)........................................... rhodanicus 6(5) Fovea with postero-median septum (Figs 16, 95)............................................................. 7 - Fovea without postero-median septum (Figs 7, 38, 105)....................................................... 8 7(6) Fovea distinctly longer than wide (Figs 17, 28)..................................................... dalmatensis - Fovea as long as wide (Figs 95, 111)................................................................. omissus 8(7) Foveal margin with distinct median tooth in lateral margin, dividing fovea into a trapezoid or rectangular anterior part and a rounded posterior part (Figs 40, 132)...................................................................... 9 - Foveal margin without such tooth, fovea oval or rounded (Figs 7, 105, 151, 160, 187).............................. 10 9(8) Areola anteriorly truncate (Figs 132, 143)............................................................. rufipes - Areola anteriorly gradually narrowing (Figs 40, 52)................................................ dentifer sp. n. 10(9) Fovea longer than wide (Figs 105, 187)................................................................... 11 - Fovea as long as wide (Figs 7, 151, 160).................................................................. 12 11(10) Fovea oval, anterior margins converging (Figs 105, 116).............................................. ovatus sp. n. - Fovea not oval, anterior margins diverging (Figs 187, 196)................................................ typhon 12(11) Areola elongated, anteriorly continuing into a chitinised crest (Figs 160, 170)................................. signifer - Areola less elongated, anteriorly rounded (Figs 7, 151)....................................................... 13 13(12) Epigyne as long as wide (Figs 151, 165), lateral pockets nearly rounded (Figs 152, 166)................... securifer sp. n. - Epigyne longer than wide, (Figs 7, 22), lateral pockets more oval (Figs 9, 23)............................... crassipes

Haplodrassus typhon (Simon, 1878), comb. n. stat. n. Figs 181‒189, 194‒197, map 4 Drassus typhon Simon, 1878: 128, pl. 16, fig. 20 (♂♀). Drassodes macellinus: Simon, 1914: 209 (synonymy, here rejected). Types: Female lectotype from France, without further locality, Coll. Simon (MNHN AR9224); examined. Remarks. Drassus typhon was described on the male and female sex by Simon in 1878. Later, he placed it in the synonymy of D. macellinus, considering it “une variété non constante” (Simon 1914). The only material of this species in the MNHN is a female labelled “AR9224 Drassodes typhon Simon E. Simon det.”. It fits with the description of the epigyne given by Simon (1878) (“vide médian en ovale plus allongé”), which is one of the main differences to distinguish H. macellinus from H. typhon. We designate here this specimen as lectotype. The other examined material attributed by us to this species (see below) shows some variation but is treated here as the same species. The male and female described below were collected only once at the same site in Portugal by A. Grabolle and are considered conspecific. One further male was collected in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in France and several females without males in Algeria, Morocco, Spain and Italy. Diagnosis. Males of Haplodrassus typhon are easily distinguished by the elongated, pointed tibial apophysis (Figs 186, 195) and the nearly straight embolic apophysis (Figs 184, 194). Females are closely related to H. dentifer sp. n., H. ovatus sp. n. and H. rufipes. They differ from H. ovatus by the converging anterior margin of the fovea in H. ovatus (Fig. 105), diverging in H. typhon (Fig. 187), from H. dentifer and H. rufipes by the denticulate margin of the fovea (Figs 40, 132). Description. Measurements: Male (n=3): Total length 4.7‒6.0; carapace 2.18‒2.70 long, 2.0 wide. Female (n=9): Total length 6.2‒8.2; carapace 2.10‒2.90 long, 1.48‒2.30 wide. Colour: Thoracic part of carapace yellowish brown, cephalic part reddish brown; legs yellowish brown; sternum reddish brown; abdomen pale brown, some specimens with traces of dorsal chevrons. Male palp (Figs 183‒186, 194‒195): Tibial apophysis elongated, strongly asymmetric, with pointed tip; embolic apophysis nearly straight, shorter than embolus, with rounded top. Epigyne (Figs 187‒189, 196‒197): Hood weekly sclerotized, separated from pro-fovea by a straight line; profovea much shorter than the elongated fovea, with anterior margins diverging; areola wide, with large lateral pockets. Further material examined. AFRICA, ALGERIA, Annaba, Bône (= Annaba), 1♀, Bordj Bou Arreridj, 1♀, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 6073 (MNHN AR15715), El Bayadh, Le Kreider (N34°8’41” E0°4’9”), 1♀, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 11933 (MNHN AR15716), M'sila, Chott el Hodna, S. Baniou (N35°24'55” E4°20'39”), 400m, 2♀, pitfalls in dunes in salt marsh, 1.VII.1988 (CRB). TUNISIA, Medenine, Djerba, 1♀, Coll. Simon 12475 (MNHN AR15711). EUROPE, FRANCE, Bouches-du-Rhône, St-Antonin-sur-Bayon, Réserve Naturelle de Sainte Victoire (N43°31’44” E5°32’22”), 1♂, stones in low maquis, 4.V.2015 (CJVK), Hérault, Brenas, La Lieude (N43°37’54” E3°16’10”), 1♀, stones in maquis, 13.V.2001, P. Oger leg. (CPO). SPAIN, Ciudad Real, Pozuelo de Calatrava (N38°53’6” W3°50’53”), 1♀, J. M. de la Fuente leg., Coll. Simon 24173 (MNHN AR15712), Granada, Sierra Elvira (N37°13'54” W 3°43'24”), 3♀, 17.VI.1908, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 21738 (MNHN AR15713), Murcia, Cartagena (N37°36’18” W0°59’10”), 3♀, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 13414 (MNHN AR15714). PORTUGAL, Algarve, Pereiro (N37°26’54” W7°35’46”), 2♂ 1♀, stones in dry, open grassland, 21.IV.2012, A. Grabolle leg. (CAG). ITALY, Sardinia, Oristano, Sinis (N39°53’5” E8°26’8”), 1♀, Marcialis leg. (MCSNB). Distribution. N. Algeria, Tunisia, Spain, Portugal, S. France and Italy (map 4).

Haplodrassus signifer (C.L. Koch, 1839) Figs 154���161, 167���171 Drassus signifer C. L. Koch, 1839: 31, fig. 452 (♀). Drassodes troglodytes: Simon 1914: 122, 140, 209, Figs 249���250. Haplodrassus signifer: Grimm 1985: 147, figs 146���148, 170���171; Levy 2004: 19, figs 46���52. Types. Holotype female of Drassus signifer from Bohemia; not examined. Diagnosis. Males of this species are easily recognized by the presence of a distinct crest on the sigmoid embolic apophysis of the palp (Figs 158, 164) and the rounded dilatation of the tibial apophysis (Figs 159, 168). Females resemble H. securifer sp. n. but can be distinguished by the straight anterior margin of the pro-fovea (Figs 151, 165), curved in H. signifer (Figs 160, 170) and the more rounded lateral pockets (Figs 166 versus 171). Description. Measurements: Male (n=20): Total length 4.7���7.4; carapace 2.1���3.4 long, 1.7���2.7 wide. Female (n=20): Total length 5.1���11.8; carapace 2.1���5.5 long, 2.1���5.5 wide. Colour: Carapace reddish brown with darker cephalic part and radiating striae; legs yellowish brown; abdomen dark grey to black, often with obscure paler chevrons. Spinulation: General pattern, but ventral spines on Mt I often absent. Male palp (Figs 156���159, 167���169): Tibial apophysis distinctly constricted distally, then widening into a rounded knob (Figs 159, 168); embolic apophysis S-shaped, distal part with a distinct crest (Figs 158, 164). Epigyne (Figs 160���161, 170���171): As long as wide; hood strongly recurved laterally; pro-fovea short by the prolonged anterior margin of the areola, half the length of the fovea (Figs 160, 170); fovea often with median groove; lateral pockets reniform (Figs 161, 171). Citations in the Maghreb. TUNISIA, Tunis, La Mohammedia (Pavesi 1880), Tunis (Pavesi 1884), Kairouan, Kairouan (Pavesi 1880). Further material examined. AFRICA, ALGERIA, T��bessa, T��bessa, 1300m, for��t de Bekkaria (N35��21'20��� E8��14'40���), 2♂, pitfalls in Pinus halepensis forest, 1.V.1989 (CRB). MOROCCO, B��ni Mellal-Kh��nifra, Aguelmane Azigza, 1♂ 1♀, 6.IV.1950, Ch. Alluaud leg. (ISRM); Rabat-Sal��-K��nitra, Oulm��s S., ravin de l���Oued Assellalou (N33��25���25��� W 6��00��� 10), 1♀, 11.III.1955, J. B. Panouse leg. (ISRM). EUROPE, SPAIN, Alava, Salvatierra (N42��51'5��� W2��23'28���), 1♂ 2♀, stones in low maquis, 6.IV.1992 (CRB), Avila, Puerto del Pico (N40��19'16��� W5��0'46���), 1300m, 1♀, 15.V.1992, P. Poot leg. (CRB), Puerto de Menga (N40��28'36��� W5��0' 42""), 1570m, 1♀, stones in grassland, 1.IV.1997 (CRB), Burgos, Puerto de la Brugula (N42��25'49��� W3��30'11���), 990m, 2♀, stones in Pinus forest, 31.III.1997 (CRB), Cantabria, Puerto de San Glorio (N43��4'1��� W4��45'51���), 1500m, 1♂ 2♀, pitfalls in wasteland, 17.VII.1985 (CRB), Ciudad Real, Pozuelo de Calatrava (N38��53���6��� W3��50���53���), 2♀, J. M. de la Fuente leg, Coll. Simon 24235 (MNHN AR15705), Gerona, Collada de Toses (N42��19'50��� E2��2'10���), 1800m, 3♂, pitfalls in dry Pinus forest, 10.VII.1991 (CRB), M��laga, Casares (N36��26'48��� W5��17'8���), 2♀, V.1986, J. De Beir leg. (CRB), Palencia, Fuentes de Nava, Laguna de la Nava (N39��2���58��� W3��41���47���), 1♂ 1♀, IV.���XI.1996, U. Stengele leg. (CRB), Rioja, Navarrete (N42��25'41��� W2��33'49���), 420m, 1♂ 1♀, stones in grassland, 7.IV.1992 (CRB), Segovia, 10 km E. Casla (N41��7'20��� W3��41'52���), 1100m, 1♀, stones in grassland, 31.III.1997 (CRB), Toledo, Talavera la Nueva (N39��55'11��� W4��52'22���), 370m, 1♂, litter in forest along Rio Tajo, 1.IV.1997 (CRB). FRANCE, mixed unknown localities (��� Gallia Meridionalis���), one of them Alpes-Maritimes, Menton, 2♂ 1♀, as Drassodes macellinus hebes, Coll. Simon 2083 (MNHN AR15708), Haute-Corse, Calacuccia, Lozzi, road to Monte Cinto (N42��20'46��� E9��0'25���), 1200m, 2♀, stones in maquis, 25.V.1995 (CRB), 10 km from Calvi (N42��33���57��� E8��45���25���), 1♂ 2♀, pitfalls in maquis, 15. V.1982 (CRB), Col de Vergio (N42��17'24��� E8��52'39���), 1460m, 3♂ 1♀, stones in Juniperus forest, 24.V.1995 (CRB), Gorges de Restonica (N42��14'28��� E9��10'52���), 1300m, 1♂, stones in Pinus laricio forest, 26.V.1995 (CRB), E. Urtaca (N42��35'40��� E9��9' 57'), 1♂, stones in garrigue, 23.V.1995 (CRB), Haute -Savoie, Saint Julien-Mont-Denis (N45��14'48��� E6��25'30���), 750m, 1♀, pitfalls in grassland, 6.VI.1986 (CRB), Pyr��n��es-Orientales, Mont Canigou, Escala de l���Ours (N42��32'58��� E2��29'40���), 1400m, 1♂, 5.VII.1991 (CRB), Col de Puymorens, 1850m, 2♂ 1♀, pitfalls in dry grassland, 11. VI.1991 (CRB). ITALY, Sardinia, Carbonia-Iglesias, Fluminimaggiore S. (N39��24'38��� E8��29'26���), at entrance of Grotta su Manua, 200m, 1♂, seeving Quercus litter, 15.IV.2014 (CRB), Nuoro, Orgosolo N. (N40��13'6��� E9��22'47���), 610m, 1♀, seeving Quercus litter, 18.IV.2014 (CRB), Sassari, Alghero W., Parco di Porto (N40��36'59��� E8��9'51���), 1♂ 1♀, 10.IV.2014 (CRB). GREECE, Attiki-Saronic Islands, Attiki, Marathon, Enoee ruins (N38��9'28��� E23��56'1���), 80m, 1♂ 1♀, stones in phrygana, 19.IV.2000 (CRB), Oros Imittos, W. Peania (N37��56'47��� E23��50'0���), 450m, 1♀, 20.IV.2000 (CRB), Crete, Sitia, 2♀, as H. severus, Grimm det. (MCSNB), Ipeiros, Ioannina, Vikos-Aoos national park, Astraka (N39��57'54��� E20��47'31���), 1910m, 2♀, pitfalls in grassland, 12.VII.2007, B. Vandenberghe leg. (CRB), Evvoia- Voroies Sporades, Evvoia, Papades, Aghia Anna (N38��55'44��� E23��21'51���), 550m, 1♀, stones in grassland, 12.V.2001 (CRB), Evvoia, Prokopi-Nea Pagontas road (N38��42'38��� E23��30'57���), 700m, 1♂, stones in grassland, 10.V.2001 (CRB), Kyklades: Iraklia (N36��50���15��� E25��27���21���), 50m, 1♀, on walls of house, 6.III.2016, 1♀, 9.IV.2017, 1♂, in pitfals in phrygana, 20.IV.2017, Y. Gavalas leg. (CYG); Makedonia, Halkidiki, Monopigado (N40��26'4��� E23��8'5���), 400m, 1♂, pitfalls in Quercus forest, 22.III���12.VI.2004, L. Provoost leg. (CRB), Thessaloniki, NE. Thessaloniki (N40��42'20��� E22��58'58���), 200m, 1♂, pitfalls in dry Pinus forest, 7.II���6.VI.2004, L. Provoost leg. (CRB), Peloponnisos, Argolis, Achladokambos (N37��32'44��� E22��31'10���) 1000m, 2♀, under stones, 26.IV.2016 (CRB), Korinthia, Lake Stymphalia, (N37��50'39��� E22��27'15���), 615m, 1♂, pitfalls under Quercus bushes on slope to lake, 20.IV���27.IV.2016 (CRB), Sterea Elada , Etolio-Akarnania, Paleros S., Agios Dimitriou (N38��46'6��� E20��53'6���), 50m, 2♀, stones in quarry, 17.IV.2000 (CRB), Stanos S., lake Amvrakia (N38��46'51��� E21��11'17���), 20m, 1♂, stones in olive groove, 15.IV.2000 (CRB), Fokida, Lake Mornou (N38��31'06��� E22��09'06���), 440m, 1♀, 25.IV.2015, P. Ponel leg. (CPP), Voiotia, Oros Parnassos, Kalivia Arachovas (N38��31'24��� E22��32'49���), 900m, 1♀, pitfalls in grassland, 18.IV.2000 (CRB), Thiva (N38��19���30��� E23��19���08���), 200m, 1♀, 1998, L. Picard leg. (CRB). CYPRUS, Famagusta, B��y��kkonuk (Konik) (N35��24'32��� E33��59'28���), 150m, 1♂, pitfalls in Pinus forest, III���V.2011 (CRB), Yenibogazi��i (Agios Sergios) (N35��12'3��� E35��53'43���), 30m, 1♂, stones in phrygiana, 17.III.2011, 1♂, in pitfalls at same site, 15��� 27.V.2011 (CRB), Kyrenia, Kalkani (Kalo Chorio) (N35��15'27��� E33��2'22���), 100m, 1♀, stones in grassland, 20.III.2011 (CRB), Vouni ruins (N35��10'11��� E32��46'24���), 250m, 1♀, under stones, 20.IIII.2011 (CRB), Pafos, Kouklia-Pissoura road (34��40'27��� E32��37'06���), 150m, 1♀, stony slope to the sea, 22.III.2011 (CRB), Nicosia, Prodromos E., near Prodromos dam (N34��56'58��� E32��50'39���), 1550m, 1♀, stones in Pinus forest, 23.V.2001 (CRB). Distribution. Holarctic. In the Nearctic it is known from southern Canada, to central-S Mexico, in the Palaearctic up to 70��. In the Maghreb, the species appears to be rare. It is known from the NE of Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia and Libya., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on pages 42-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Koch, C. L. (1839) Die Arachniden. Funfter, Sechster & Siebenter Band. In der C. H. Zeh'schen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 34, 156 & 106 pp. [pp. 125 - 158, pp. 1 - 156 & pp. 1 - 106]","Simon, E. (1914) Les arachnides de France. Synopsis general et catalogue des especes francaises de l'ordre des Araneae. Tome VI. 1 re partie. Roret, Paris, 308 pp.","Grimm, U. (1985) Die Gnaphosidae Mitteleuropas (Arachnida, Araneae). Abhandlungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Hamburg, 26, 1 - 318.","Levy, G. (2004) Spiders of the genera Drassodes and Haplodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 50, 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1560 / RUQP- 20 ML-VDBA- 3 GKX","Pavesi, P. (1880) Studi sugli Aracnidi africani. I. Aracnidi di Tunisia. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova, 15, 283 - 388.","Pavesi, P. (1884) Materiali per lo studio della fauna tunisina raccolti da e L. Doria: Aracnidi. Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova, 20, 446 - 486."]}

Haplodrassus dalmatensis (L. Koch, 1866) Figs 10‒17, 24‒29 Drassus dalmatensis L. Koch, 1866: 89 (♀). Drassus minusculus L. Koch, 1866: 110, pl. 5, fig. 70 (♀). Drassus denotatus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874: 398, pl. 52, fig. 24 (♀). Drassus delinquens O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875: 245 (♀). Drassodes carinatus Strand, 1906: 609 (♂♀). Drassodes palaestinensis Strand, 1915: 137 (♂). Drassodes lithobius Roewer, 1928: 101, pl. 1, f. 7 (♀). Drassodes dalmatensis; Simon 1914: 137, 209, f. 237‒239. Haplodrassus dalmatensis; Grimm 1985: 138, figs 156, 164‒165; Levy 2004: 24, fig. 60 (“common form”, not figs 57‒59, 61 = H. omissus). Types. Female holotype of Drassus dalmatensis L. Koch from Croatia; not examined, depository unknown. Remarks. Levy (2004) redescribed Haplodrassus dalmatensis based on specimens from Israel. In the female, he distinguished ‘two forms’, a ‘common form’ (Figs 59 and 61) and ‘a variation’ (fig. 60). In fact, these forms are two separate species, the ‘common form’ corresponding with Haplodrassus dalmatensis, and the ‘variation’ with Drassus omissus Cambridge, 1872, a forgotten species described from Hebron, Israel. The male described by Levy is the male of Haplodrassus omissus comb. n. (see below). Diagnosis. Males of H. dalmatensis are easily separated by the robust embolic apophysis with two blunt teeth (Figs 14, 25‒26), elongated and with two sharp teeth in H. omissus (Figs 93, 108, 110). Females are very similar but can mostly been differentiated by the wider fovea and wider median septum (Figs 16, 28 versus 95‒111). Description. Measurements: Male (n=20): Total length 3.8‒6.5; carapace 1.61‒2.32 long, 1.42‒2.11 wide. Female (n=20): Total length 3.7‒8.0; carapace 1.62‒2.89 long, 1.29‒2.34 wide. Colour: Carapace yellowish brown, cephalic part darkened; legs yellowish brown; abdomen dark grey, spotted towards the back. Spinulation: General pattern, but ventral spines on MtI and prolateral spine on FeIV mostly absent, retrolateral spine on Fe IV often absent. Male palp (Figs 12‒15, 24‒27): Tibia nearly twice as long as wide, apophysis gradually narrowing with rounded dorsal margin and concave ventral margin (Figs 12, 27); embolic apophysis with narrow base and wider distal part, with two blunt teeth at retrolateral side, terminally bluntly pointed (Figs 14, 26). Epigyne (Figs 16‒17, 28‒29): Hood distinctly wider than areola; pro-fovea short, much shorter than fovea; fovea with small postero-median septum; lateral pockets wide, nearly rounded, with small baso-lateral rounded extensions (Figs 17, 29). Citations in the Maghreb. ALGERIA, Laghouat, between Laghouat and Metlili (Simon 1899). MOROCCO, Fès-Meknès, Ifrane, Cascade des Vierges (Jocqué 1977), Nzala des Beni Ammar (Di Franco 1994); Marrakech-Safi, Mogador (= Essaouira) (N31°30’47” W9°46’11”) (Simon 1909). Further material examined. AFRICA: ALGERIA, Alger, El Harrach (N36°42’46” E3°8’56”), 25m, 1♂, pitfalls in garden, 2.V.1985, idem, 1♂, pitfalls in wheat fields, 10.V.2001, O. Abrous leg. (COA) Béchar, Taghit (N30°55’12” W2°1’47”), 630m, 1♂, gardens of palm yard, 3.IV.1989, and 1♂, 18.XI.2013, O. Abrous leg. (CRB), Blida: Atlas Blidéen, E. of Chréa, Pic Fertasse (N36°28’10” E2°56’18”), 1450m, 1♂, pitfalls in Cedrus forest, 23.V.1987, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Chréa E., Pic E. Abdelkader (N36°24’14” E2°50’6”), 1520m, 3♂, pitfalls in Cedrus forest with undergrowth of Berberis, 20.VI.1987 ‒ 9.V.1988, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Bouira, Massif du Djurdjura, Tikjda, 1750m (N36°27'27” E4°6'22”), 1♂, stones in alpine grassland, 11.VI.1984, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), idem, Tizi Boussouil (N36°27'37” E4°9'57”), 1720m, 1♂, pitfall in stony grassland, 15.III.1990, O. Abrous leg. (COA), El Bayadh, NE. Aflou (N34°8’32” E2°8’39”), 1450m, 1♂ 1♀, stones in abandoned fields, 22.V.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), El Tarf, E. El Kala, Cap Rosa (N36°56’53” E8°14’25”), 50m, 1♂, pitfalls in dune maquis, 29.III.1988, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), M’sila, Aïn Oghrab (N35°0’52” E4°6’24”), 1♀, Coll. Simon 12794 (MNHN AR15692), Tamanrasset, Tit n’Afara (N23°44’6” E7°3’51”), 1♀, stones along oued bordered with Acacia, 13.III.2005, K. De Smet leg. (CRB), Tébessa, Tébessa, forêt de Bekkaria (N35°21’20” E8°14’40”), 1100m, 2♂, pitfalls in Pinus halepensis forest, 15.VI.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), E. Tébessa, plain of the Merdja (N35°26’ 0” E8°6’0”), 960m, 1♂, along an oued, 2.III.1989, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Tipasa, Zeralda (N36°43’19” E2°52’16”), 15m, 1♂ 2♀, pitfalls in pear garden, 17.IV.2009, O. Abrous leg. (COA), Tizi Ouzou, Massif du Djurdjura, Tala Guilef (N36°28’36” E3°59’48”), 1420m, 39♂ 25♀, pitfalls in montane grassland, XI.1992 ‒ XI.1994, O. Abrous leg. (COA), idem, Tala Guilef (N36°28’36” E3°59’48”), 2100m, 1♂, stones in montane grassland, 30.IV.1984, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Tlemcen, Ghazaouet (=Nemours) (N35°6’8” W1°51’24”), 2♀, Coll. Simon 11829 (MNHN AR15693), Mansourah, plateau de Lalla Setti (N36°4’52” E4°27’42”), 975m, 1♂, stones and litter in Pinus halepensis forest, 6.V.1984, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). MOROCCO, Casablanca-Settat, Mechra Bennabou (32°’41’26” E9°19’14”), 400m, 1♀, stones in young Pinus plantation, 9.II.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Drâa-Tafilalet, Timiderte, Oued Drâa (N30°40’16” E6°19’47”), 880m, 1♀, litter in sandy river border, 22.IV.2012, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Fès-Meknès, road Ifrane-Michlifen (N33°30’34” E5°6’12”), 1750m, 1♂, stones in grassland along rivulet, 18.IV.2012, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Missour (N33°2’24” W3°59’52”), 1♂, pitfalls in steppe, 7.III.2002, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Guelmim-Oued Noun, Tan Tan plage 10 km S. (N28°26’38” W11°22’17”), 1♀, stones in grassland, 11. II.2007, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). EUROPE: SPAIN, Albacete, Los Yesares (N39°8’37” W1°45’50”), 620m, 1♀, stones in degraded Quercus suber forest, 8.IV.1997, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Tarazona de la Mancha S. (N39°12’ 44’ W1°56’56”), 600m, stones in degraded Quercus ilex forest along Rio Valdemembra, 8.IV.1997, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Alicante, Aspe (N38°19’47” W0°46’29”), 250m, 2♀, under stones and waste in maquis, 4.IV.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Almería, Cabo de Gata (N36°44’5” W2°12’22”), 1♂, pitfalls in coastal dunes, 9.IV.1998, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Cuevas del Almanzora (N37°17’36” W1°50’28”), 90m, 2♂, stones in dry river bed, 4.IV.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Badajoz, Zafra SW (N38°18’26” W6°33’6”), 1♂, stones in small valley of Rio Bodión, 2.IV.1997, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Baleares, Mallorca, Arta NW, Pas de Mellera (N39°44’14” E3°18’41”), 1♂, stones in Ampelodesma grassland, 6.IV.2004, P. Selden leg. (NHML), Embassament de Cuber (N39°46’49” E2°46’58”), 850m, 3♂, stones in grassland, 2.IV.2003, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Burgos, E. Posa del Sal (42°39’29” W3°28’54”), 1050m, 1♂, 8.VII.1985, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Ciudad Real, Laguna del Camino de Villa Franca, 1♂, 3♀, grassland along a lake, 13.IV.1998, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Granada, Sierra Elvira (N37°13’54” W3°43’24”), 1♀, 17.VI.1908, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 21738 (MNHN AR15694), Madrid, Robledo de Chavela (N40°29’28” W4°14’14”), 1♀, Mazarredo leg., Coll. Simon 6059 (MNHN AR15695), Málaga, Campillos E., Laguna Dulce (N37°03’08” W4°50’04”), 450m, 1♀, stones in wasteland, 11.IV.1999 (CRB), Murcia, Cartagena (N37°36’18” W0°59’10”), 1♀, Coll. Simon 13414 (MNHN AR15706), Palencia, Fuentes de Nava, Laguna de la Nava (N39°2’58” W3°41’47”), 1♂, U. Stengele leg. (CRB), Toledo, El Pinar de Almorox (N40°14’58” W4°23’2”), 600m, 1♀, stones in Pinus halepensis forest, 13.IV.1999, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Zaragoza, Escatron, Monasterio de Rueda (N41°19’23” W0°20’37”), 225m, 1♂, stones in open Pinus halepensis forest, 1.IV.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). FRANCE, Corse-du-Sud, Col de Vizzanova (N42°07’29” W9°8’00”), 1170m, 2♂, stones in Fagus forest, 28.V.1995, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Haute-Corse, Porri, Col de St. Agostino (N42°26’58” E9°25’5”), 600m, 2♂, stones in Castanea sativa forest, 22.V.1995, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). ITALY, Sardinia, Sassari, Monte Limbara (N40°51’12” E9°10’1”), 1250m, 1♂, stones in clearing in Pinus forest, 11.IV.2014, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). GREECE, Attiki, Oros Imittos (N37°56’47” E23°50’0”), above Peania, 1♀, stones in maquis, 20.IV.2000 (CRB), Schinias, 1♂, pitfalls in Phragmites marsh, 8‒16.V.2001 (CRB), Crete, Chania, Elafonisi (N35°16’24” E23°32'26”), 10m, 3♂ 3♀, stones in degraded dunes, 6.IV.2002, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Evvoia-Voroies Sporades, Evvoia, Paralia Aghia Anna (N38°50'57” E23°27'7”), 10m, 1♀, litter in Pinus forest, 12.V.2001, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Stira-Marmari road (N38°06'08” E24°15'33”), 500m, 1♀, stones in grassland, 14.V.2001 (CRB), Kyklades: Iraklia (N36°50’15” E25°27’21”), 50m, 1♂, on walls of house, 17.III.2016, Y. Gavallas (CYG); Milos, Plaka (N36°44'30” E24°25'21”), 1♂, stones around amphitheatre, 28.IV.2010, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Makedonia, Florina, N. Lake Mikri Prespa, NE. Pili (N40°46'35” E21°3'3”), 800m, 1♂ 1♀, slopes to the lake, 12.VI.1997, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Halkidiki, Armenistis (N40°9'27” E23°54'54”), 2♂, pitfalls in dry Pinus forest, 8.V‒17.VI.2004, L. Provoost leg. (CRB), between Fourka and Skala Fourkas (N40°0'15” E23°24'18”), 50m, 1♂ 1♀, pitfalls in dry river bed, 22.III‒12.VI.2004, L. Provoost leg. (CRB), around Vourvourou (N40°10'59” E23°47'19”), 2♂, 14.V‒12.VI.2004, L. Provoost leg. (CRB), Peloponnisos, Argolis, Thermissa (N37°24’43” E23°19’28”), 1♀, pitfalls in maquis, 25.VI.1993, N. Chatelet leg. (CRB), Arachneo S. (N37°38'57” E22°55'2”), 1♀, stones in grassland, 24.V.1998, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Sterea Elada, Voiotia, Moscopodi, 1♂ 1 subadult ♀, 1998, L. Picard leg.. (CRB), Thessalia, Trikala, Kastraki (N39°43'21” E21°37'38”), 250m, 1♀, near fountain in Fagus forest 11.IV.1997, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Ecology. The species occurs in all kinds of habitats at different altitudes. Distribution. Europe except the north, Atlantic Islands, North Africa, Turkey, Israel. Earlier citations of H dalmatensis in the Mediterranean region cannot be thrusted due to confusion with its sibling species H. omissus. In this region, verified material comes from Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Morocco and Algeria., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on pages 12-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Koch, L. (1866) Die Arachniden - Familie der Drassiden. Hefte 1 - 6. Lotzbeck, Nurnberg, 304 pp.","Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1874) On some new species of Drassides. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 42 (3), 370 - 419.","Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1875) Notes and descriptions of some new and rare British spiders. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 4, 16, 237 - 260. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937508681166","Strand, E. (1906) Diagnosen nordafrikanischer, hauptsachlich von Carlo Freiherr von Erlanger gesammelter Spinnen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 30, 604 - 637, 655 - 690.","Strand, E. (1915) Dritte Mitteilung uber Spinnen aus Palastina, gesammelt von Herrn Dr J. Aharoni. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 81 (A 2), 134 - 171.","Roewer, C. F. (1928) Zoologische Streifzuge in Attika, Morea, und besonders auf der Insel Kreta, II. Araneae. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Bremen, 27, 92 - 123.","Simon, E. (1914) Les arachnides de France. Synopsis general et catalogue des especes francaises de l'ordre des Araneae. Tome VI. 1 re partie. Roret, Paris, 308 pp.","Grimm, U. (1985) Die Gnaphosidae Mitteleuropas (Arachnida, Araneae). Abhandlungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Hamburg, 26, 1 - 318.","Levy, G. (2004) Spiders of the genera Drassodes and Haplodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 50, 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1560 / RUQP- 20 ML-VDBA- 3 GKX","Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1872) General list of the spiders of Palestine and Syria, with descriptions of numerous new species, and characters of two new genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 40 (1), 212 - 354.","Simon, E. (1899) Liste des arachnides recueillis en Algerie par M. P. Lesne et description d'une espece nouvelle. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris, 1899, 82 - 87.","Jocque, R. (1977) Sur une collection estivale d'araignees du Maroc. Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique, 113, 321 - 337.","Di Franco, F. (1994) Contributo alla conoscenza degli Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) del Maghreb. Animalia, 19, 193 - 211.","Simon, E. (1909) Etude sur les arachnides recueillis au Maroc par M. Martinez de la Escalera en 1907. Memorias de la real Sociedad espanola de Historia natural, Series 6, 1, 1 - 43.","Piterkina, T. V. & Ovtsharenko, V. I. (2007) Interesting findings of spiders of the families Gnaphosidae and Liocranidae (Aranei) from semi-desert of the northern Caspian lowland. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 86, 1425 - 1432."]}

Haplodrassus rhodanicus (Simon, 1914), comb. n. Figs 118���125, 136���139, map 3 Drassodes rhodanicus Simon, 1914: 122, 134, 208 (♂). Types. Male syntypes from France, Ard��che, Bourg St.-And��ol (N44��22���32��� E4��38���33���) and Gard, Pont-St-Esprit (44��15���17��� E4��38���50���); not examined, missing in MNHN where the type material normally should be hosted. Remark. The male of this species is illustrated for the first time, and the female is described for the first time. Diagnosis. This species is easily recognised in the male by the narrow, truncate tibial apophysis (Figs 120, 137) and the narrow embolic apophysis and embolus (Figs 122, 136). The female is recognized by the elongate epigyne and is clearly related to Haplodrassus longivulva sp. n., from which it differs by the straight lateral margins of the fovea (Figs 124, 138). Description. Measurements: Male (n=12): Total length 2.3���5.2; carapace 1.20���2.12 long, 0.96���1.73 wide. Female (n=3): Total length 2.9���3.4; carapace 1.14���1.33 long, 0.91���0.98 wide. Colour: Carapace yellowish brown with darkened eye region; chelicerae brown to dark brown; sternum yellowish brown with brown margins; legs yellowish brown; abdomen grey, anterior half often with three pairs of drop-like spots. Spinulation: General pattern, but all metatarsi spineless and lateral spines on Fe III���IV missing. Male palp (Figs 120���123, 136���137): Tibia much longer than wide (ratio 2.6), apophysis shorter than tibia���s diameter (ratio 0.6), narrow from its base, terminally truncate with blunt tip (Figs 120, 137); embolic apophyis small and elongated, terminally bluntly pointed; embolus narrow, with subterminal denticle (Figs 122, 136). Epigyne (Figs 124���125, 138���139): Strongly elongated, nearly twice as wide as long, with rounded anterior hood; fovea rectangular, with straight margins (Figs 124, 138); receptacles small and touching, with anterolaterally directed ducts (Figs 125, 139). Further material examined. AFRICA, TUNISIA, Jendouba, Hammam Bourguiba (N36��46'32��� E8��36'35���), 350m, 1♂, stones in Quercus suber forest, 9.V.2006, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). EUROPE, PORTUGAL, Setubal, Alcochete NW (N38��45'37��� W8��56���6���), 5m, 5♂, pitfalls in salt marsh, 14���22.IV.2013, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). SPAIN, Baleares, Mallorca, Sa Rapita W., Punta Negra (N39��21'22" E'2��54'43'), 10m, 1♀, stones in small lagoon near the sea, 5.IV.2003, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), M��laga, M��laga (N36��43���12��� W4��25���13���), 2♂ 1♀, as Drassus scenicus L. Koch nomen nudum, E. Simon leg., Coll. Simon 2051 (MNHN AR9377), Palencia, Laguna de la Nava (N39��2���58��� W3��41���47���), 670m, 2♂, 24.VI.1996, U. Stengele leg. (CRB), Valencia, Embalse de Cofrentes (N39��14'31��� W1��3'37���), 375m, 2♂ 1♀, in Tamarix and Phragmites litter near the water, 3.IV.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). FRANCE, Aude, La Palme near Leucate (N42��58���53��� E3��1���01���), 1♀, stones in salt marsh, 9.V.2015, J. Van Keer leg. (CJVK), Leucate, Chemin de Las Pichinos (N42��56���10��� E3��1���8���), 4♂, pitfalls in salt marsh, 9���26.V.2015 (CJVK), Bouches-du-Rhone, Petite Camargue (N43��30'0��� E4��19'0���), 1♂ 1♀, 15.V.1989, P. Poot leg. (CRB), Haute-Corse: Etang de Biguglia near Borgo (N42��38���23��� E9��26���39���), 15m, 1♀, pitfalls in Phragmites stand bordering the lake, 28.V.1995, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). ITALY, Sardinia, Medio Campidano, Montevecchio, Piccalinna (N39��33'24��� E8��34'6���), 1♂, pitfalls in garrigue, 3.VI.2009, M. Verdinelli & A. Sassu leg. (MCSNB). Ecology. The species was mostly collected in marshy areas: lagoons near the sea, inland salt marshes, along inside lakes and reservoirs. Males were found from April to June, females in April and May. Distribution. Haplodrassus rhodanicus was first described from the south of France (Simon 1914) and later only cited from Croatia, Dubrovnik - Pobrezje (Nikolic & Polenec 1981). The species now appears to have a much larger distribution area, with first records in Tunisia, Spain, Portugal and Italy. It was mostly collected in marshes (map 3)., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on pages 29-33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Simon, E. (1914) Les arachnides de France. Synopsis general et catalogue des especes francaises de l'ordre des Araneae. Tome VI. 1 re partie. Roret, Paris, 308 pp.","Nikolic, F. & Polenec, A. (1981) Catalogus faunae Jugoslaviae. III / 4 Aranea. Academia Scientiarum et Artium Slovenica, Ljubljana, 135 pp."]}

Genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 Type species: Haplodrassus hiemalis (Emerton, 1909). Diagnosis. Kovblyuk et al. (2012) provided an excellent diagnosis of the genus. It actually counts 72 species (World Spider Catalog 2017), of which 8 have been cited in the Maghreb. Diagnostic characters of the species of the genus Haplodrassus. Size. Small to medium-sized, often robust gnaphosids. This is a very variable character in Haplodrassus. Size categories are small (2.3‒5 mm), medium-sized (4‒7 mm) or medium sized to large 6‒15 mm. The largest species are the most variable in size. Variation in size of the different species of the Maghreb is listed in Table 1. Spinulation. Generally, the spinulation of the legs is as in Table 2 (grouped spines between brackets): Femora I‒II with 2 dorsal and 1 prolateral spines, femora III‒IV with supplementary pro- and retrolateral spines. Tibia I‒II spineless, tibiae III‒IV with numerous spines. Metatarsi I‒II with 1 proventral and 1 retroventral spine, metatarsi III‒IV with abundant spines. It appeared that even in the same population, variations can occur. The ventral spines on Mt I‒II are often absent, some additional spines can be present on TiI-II and there is variation in the number and disposition of the spines on Tibiae III‒IV and Metatarsi III‒IV. Spinulation thus cannot be used to separate species, H. nigroscriptus being the only exception with additional spines present on the palpi (see diagnosis of this species). Genital organs. The morphological characters of male and female copulatory organs are the most important diagnostic characters, as in most other spiders. The most important ones are shown in Figs 13‒14 in the male palp and Figs 16 – 17 in the epigyne and vulva. The nomenclature follows Omelko & Marusik (2012). The retrolateral tibial apophysis (RTA) of the male palp is a very important character. The relative length, the presence of dorsal or ventral concavities at pro- or retrolateral side, the presence of keels and the shape of the tip are important. The tegulum always carries a median apophysis (MA) at its prolateral side. It is connected to the bulbus by a membrane. Its orientation can therefore be variable and can depend on the fixation conditions of the spider. Its general shape is hook-like and it shows practically no variation throughout the genus. The embolic apophysis (EA)— Simon’s “lame sigmoide” (1914) — has a medio-distal position in the palp and is another very important diagnostic character. It is an elongated, more or less curved sclerite with pro- or retrolateral concavities, eventually provided with teeth or keels and with a more or less pointed tip. At its prolateral side, the embolic apophyis is connected to the embolus. The embolus (E) is a gently curved sclerite at the retrolateral side of the bulbus, often partly covered by the embolic apophysis. A basal tooth can be present and at its retrolateral margin, subterminal denticles can be present. A detailed study of the embolus is not included in this work. Females have an epigyne with a plate that can be as wide as long or longer than wide, expressed as the ratio length/width. The anterior margin can be well sclerotized or poorly sclerotized, and can be straight or curved; it covers a hood (H) of variable size. The epigyne has a large atrium which is divided into an unchitinised upper or anterior part which is laterally in open connection with the integument of the abdomen, called pro-fovea (PF) here, and a well-defined basal or posterior part, the fovea (F), and its ratio can be relevant. The upper part is whitish and can be wrinkled, the basal part is a generally pale depression with lateral margins which can be denticulate. Laterally, the fovea is flanked by a brown to dark brown area, the areola (A)— Simon’s “pièce en fer-à-cheval”- that can be denticulate. The vulva consists of basal receptacles (Re), lateral pockets (LP) bordering the median fovea and copulatory and fertilisation ducts. The presence of an exudate in the lateral part of the fovea can deform the whole appearance of the epigyne and vulva. It can have the same colour of the areola and may obscure teeth or denticles, often leading to misidentifications., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Kovblyuk, M. M., Kastrygina, Z. A. & Omelko, M. M. (2012) A review of the spider genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in Crimea (Ukraine) and adjacent areas (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). ZooKeys, 205, 59 - 89 https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 205.3491","World Spider Catalog (2017) World Spider Catalog. Version 18.0. Natural History Museum Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 15 June 2017)","Omelko, M. M. & Marusik, Y. M. (2012) A review of the Haplodrassus montanus - group (Aranei: Gnaphosidae) in the east Paleartic and preliminary grouping of the genus. Arthropoda Selecta, 21, 339 - 348."]}

Haplodrassus triangularis Bosmans, sp. n. Figs 172���180, 190���193, map 4 Types: Holotype ♂, paratype ♀ from Morocco, F��s-Mekn��s, Sidi Harazem (N34��1���38��� W4��53���00���), 250m, pitfalls in wheat fields, 23.VI.1997, S. Boksch leg.; deposited in RBINS. Etymology. The species name refers to the triangular shape of the fovea. Diagnosis. This species is easily distinguished from all other species by the J-shaped embolic apophysis (Figs 175, 190) in the male and the triangular fovea in the female (Figs 178, 192). Description. Measurements: Male (n=2): Total length 2.9���3.1; carapace 1.23���1.46 long, 0.94���1.12 wide. Female (n=2): Total length 3.1���4.8; carapace 1.31���1.60 long, 1.01���1.26 wide. Colour: The type material is decoulored, with pale yellowish-brown carapace and legs and abdomen nearly white. In the recently collected male from Tunisia, the carapace has the thoracic part yellowish brown, the cephalic part brown, the foveal region and radiating striae greyish, the legs yellowish brown and the abdomen grey with a row of paired chevrons in its distal two third. Spinulation: General pattern, but femora I without prolateral spine. Male palp (Figs 174���177, 190���191): Tibial apophysis as long as the tibia���s diameter, terminally truncate, top rounded at retrolateral side, angular at proventral side; embolic apophysis very peculiar, J-shaped; embolus nearly semi-circular; Epigyne (Figs 178���180, 192���193): Hood and pro-fovea much wider than fovea; fovea triangular, much narrower than pro-fovea; areola oblique; lateral pockets with some basal pouches; receptacles separated by 0.25 diameters. Further material examined. MOROCCO, F��s-Mekn��s, A��n Taoujdate (N33��56���8��� W5��12���41"), 480m, 1♀, pitfalls in wheat fields, 30.IV.1997, S. Boksch leg. (CRB). TUNISIA: Kasserine, Haidra S. (N35��36���1��� E8��23���53���), 950m, 1♂, stones in Pinus forest, 4.III.2005 (CRB). Distribution. The Northern part of Morocco and Tunisia (map 4)., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on pages 44-49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080

Haplodrassus mediterraneus Levy, 2004 Figs 241���251 Haplodrassus mediterraneus Levy, 2004: 28, figs 66���69 (♂ ♀); Seyyar 2011: 126, figs 1���6 (♂ ♀). Types: Holotype ♂, ♀ paratype from Israel, Sede Boqer, 6.I.1990, Y. Lubin leg.; HUJ, not examined. Material examined. JORDAN, Al Karak: Sjhawbak castle (N30��31���56��� E35��33���39���), 1♂, stones on slope to the castle, 17.XI.2007, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), Madaba: El Alia aeroport W. (N31��43'21��� E35��59'5���), 1♂, under stones, 12.XI.2007, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). ��� SYRIA ���, without precise locality, 1♂ 1♀, C. Piochard de La Br��lerie leg., Coll. Simon 12885 (MNHN AR15690). LEBANON, B��qaa, Qoussaya, 1♂ 1♀, pitfalls, 8���15.XI.1983, F. Assi leg. (MNHN Coll. Ledoux). Diagnosis and description. See Levy (2004). Distribution. Israel (Levy 2004), Turkey (Seyyar 2011) and here recorded for the first time in Jordan, Lebanon and Syria., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Levy, G. (2004) Spiders of the genera Drassodes and Haplodrassus (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 50, 1 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1560 / RUQP- 20 ML-VDBA- 3 GKX","Seyyar, O. (2011) Some faunistical remarks on spiders of the genus Haplodrassus (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Turkey. Archives of Biological Science Belgrade, 63, 1245 - 1249. https: // doi. org / 10.2298 / ABS 1104245 S"]}

Haplodrassus minor (O.P.- Cambridge, 1879) Figs 252���256 Drassus minor O.P.- Cambridge, 1879: 192 (♀). Haplodrassus minor: Grimm 1985: 144, figs 176���178 (♂♀); Kovblyuk et al. 2012: 43 ���49, 52���65 (♂♀). Types: 1 ♀, 2 immature ♀ syntypes of Drassus minor from United Kingdom, Dorset, Portland, Chesil Beach, 6.VI.1879; not examined. Material examined. FRANCE, Haute-Corse: Etang de Biguglia near Borgo (N42��38���23��� E9��26���39���), 15m, 4♂, pitfalls in Phragmites stand bordering the lake, 28.V.1995, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). GREECE, Attiki, Rhamnous W. (N38��13���24��� E24��1���37���), 50m, 1♀, stones in maquis, 8.V.2001, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Diagnosis and description. See Kovblyuk et al. 2012. Distribution. Central and southern Europe, but not yet found in Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Bosnia- Hercegovina, Albania, FYR Macedonia and Turkey (Nentwig et al. 2017). It is rarely captured and mentioned here for the first time in France., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Pickard-Cambridge, O. (1879) On some new and rare British spiders, with characters of a new genus. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 4, 190 - 215. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937908679818","Grimm, U. (1985) Die Gnaphosidae Mitteleuropas (Arachnida, Araneae). Abhandlungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Hamburg, 26, 1 - 318.","Kovblyuk, M. M., Kastrygina, Z. A. & Omelko, M. M. (2012) A review of the spider genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in Crimea (Ukraine) and adjacent areas (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). ZooKeys, 205, 59 - 89 https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 205.3491","Nentwig, W., Blick, T., Gloor, D., Hanggi, A. & Kropf, C. (2017) Spiders of Europe. Available from: http: // www. araneae. unibe. ch. (accessed 15 June 2017)"]}

Haplodrassus umbratilis (L. Koch, 1866) Drassus umbratilis L. Koch, 1866: 113, pl. 5, fig. 71 (♀). Haplodrassus umbratilis: Grimm 1985: 156, figs 150, 158‒159; Kovblyuk et al. 2012: 84, figs 79‒83. Types: Females syntypes from Gernamy, Bavaria, Nürenberg; not examined, deposition unknown. Material examined. SPAIN, Gerona, Collada de Tosas (N42°19'50” E2°2'10”), 1800m, 1♂ 1♀, pitfalls in Pinus forest, 10.VII.1991, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Description. See Kovblyuk et al. (2012). Distribution. Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, South Siberia (Kovblyuk et al. 2012)., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Koch, L. (1866) Die Arachniden - Familie der Drassiden. Hefte 1 - 6. Lotzbeck, Nurnberg, 304 pp.","Grimm, U. (1985) Die Gnaphosidae Mitteleuropas (Arachnida, Araneae). Abhandlungen des naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins zu Hamburg, 26, 1 - 318.","Kovblyuk, M. M., Kastrygina, Z. A. & Omelko, M. M. (2012) A review of the spider genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in Crimea (Ukraine) and adjacent areas (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). ZooKeys, 205, 59 - 89 https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 205.3491"]}

Haplodrassus ibericus Melic, Silva & Barrientos, 2016 Haplodrassus ibericus Melic et al., 2016: 108, figs 1a���g (♂ ♀). Types: Holotype ♂, paratype ♂ of Haplodrassus ibericus from Portugal, Alentejo, P��vao de S��o Miguel, 1♀ paratype from Portugal, Alentejo, Moura, 1♀ paratype from Spain, Murcia, Laguna Costera el Mar Menor; deposited in MNCN; not examined. Material examined. PORTUGAL, Algarve, Barragem de Beliche, 1♀, marshy area with Typha, 18.II.2006 (CRB). SPAIN, Cadiz, Tarifa, 1♂ 3♀, V.1994, P. Poot leg. (CRB). Diagnosis and description. See Melic et al. (2016). Distribution. Only known from the Iberian Peninsula., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Sou��d & Herv��, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Melic, A., Silva, A., Patanita, M. I., Santos, S. A. P., Benhadi-Marin, J. & Barrientos, J. A. (2016) Three new species of Gnaphosidae (Arachnida, Araneae) collected in Iberian Peninsula. Revista Iberica de Aracnoligιa, 28, 107 - 113."]}

Haplodrassus spinicrus (Caporiacco, 1928), nomen dubium Drassodes spinicrus Caporiacco, 1928a: 84. Types. Holotype subadult male from Libya, Shabīyat al Buţnān, Porto Bardia, XI.1926; MCSG, examined. Remarks. According to the World Spider Catalogue (2017), only the male of this species is known but is not indicated it is not adult. In his original description, Caporiacco (1928a) indeed states the holotype is not yet adult (“nondum adultum sit”) and related to Drassodes signifer (“ab omnibus speciebus D. signifero similibus”), so the species must be transferred to Haplodrassus. A description at species level is not possible and H. spinicrus is declared a nomen dubium., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, Benhalima, Souâd & Hervé, Christophe, 2018, The genus Haplodrassus Chamberlin, 1922 in the Mediterranean and the Maghreb in particular (Araneae: Gnaphosidae), pp. 1-67 in Zootaxa 4451 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4451.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1445080, {"references":["Caporiacco, L. di (1928 a) Aracnidi di Giarabub e di Porto Bardia (Tripolis). Annali del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Genova, 53, 77 - 107."]}

An odonatological study was carried out during six successive months, from May to October 2013, at Wadi Isser located in the practically unexplored Central North of Algeria. A total of 19 species of Odonata were recorded during the monthly sampling of six stations. Noteworthy was the record of Lestes numidicus and Platycnemis subdilatata, both Maghrebian endemics. Our results extend considerably towards the west the known distribution of L. numidicus, a data deficient (DD) species on the Mediterranean IUCN Red-List. In the light of the present study, no changes in the IUCN Red List classification is proposed with the exception of L. numidicus which should be classified as Near-Threatened (NT), pending further investigations. Results also suggest that the variation of the species richness along Wadi Isser may be related to environmental factors. Species richness was positively associated to the density of the riverine vegetation. In contrast, species richness could also be negatively correlated to pollution, an important and recurrent factor of the erosion of biodiversity of Maghrebian watercourses., Les Odonates de l’Oued Isser (Kabylie, Algérie) : statut et déterminants environnementaux de leur distribution. Une étude odonatologique a été réalisée durant six mois successifs, de mai à octobre 2013 à l’Oued Isser, situé dans le nord centre algérien, une région pratiquement inexplorée auparavant. Un total de 19 espèces d’Odonates a été enregistré durant l’échantillonnage mensuel de six stations. Il est à noter la présence de Lestes numidicus et de Platycnemis subdilatata, endémiques du Maghreb. Nos résultats étendent considérablement vers l’ouest la distribution connue de L. numidicus, ayant un statut «données insuffisantes» (DD) sur la liste rouge de l’UICN. À la lumière de la présente étude, on ne propose aucun changement de la classification de la Liste Rouge de l’IUCN à l’exception de L. numidicus qui devrait être classé comme quasi menacé (NT), dans l’attente de nouvelles prospections. Les résultats suggèrent également que la richesse spécifique varierait positivement le long de l’Oued Isser avec la densité de la végétation riveraine. À l’opposé, elle pourrait également être négativement corrélée à la pollution, un facteur important et récurrent de l’érosion de la biodiversité des cours d’eau maghrébins., Bouchelouche Djaouida,Kherbouche-Abrous Ourida,Mebarki Mohamed,Arab Abdeslem,Samraoui Boudjéma. The Odonata of Wadi Isser (Kabylia, Algeria): status and environmental determinants of their distribution. In: Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie), tome 70, n°3, 2015. pp. 248-260.

Clubiona vegeta Simon, 1918 (Figs 42���44, 45���51, 64���67, 77���79; Map 3) Clubiona parvula Lucas, 1846: 205, pl. 12, fig. 2 (♂, ♀ syntypes from Algeria, around Alger; not examined, probably in MNHNP; preoccupied by Clubiona parvula Blackwall, 1833); Simon 1899: 84 (cit.); Simon 1909: 32 (cit.). Clubiona vegeta Simon, 1918 (nom. n.). Diagnosis. Clubiona vegeta and C. genevensis are sister species which are difficult to separate by the genital organs, especially the females. Males of C. vegeta mainly differ from C. genevensis by the strongly protruding and dark chelicerae in (Figs 43, 44). Females of C. genevensis are separated by the usually narrower atria (Figs 26, 27) and copulatory ducts (Figs 30, 32). In C. vegeta, those are larger (Figs 47���51). Description. Last described by Sterghiu (1985). For another relevant description, see Helsdingen (1979). Previous citations in the Maghreb. ALGERIA: Alger: Surroundings of Alger (Lucas, 1846, sub C. parvula). Djelfa: Takersan (Simon, 1899, sub C. parvula). MOROCCO: Marrakech-Safi: Essaouira (as Mogador; Simon 1909, sub C. parvula). New records. AFRICA: ALGERIA: S��tif: Bir el Arche, 900m, 3 ♀♀, under stones in cultivated fields, 27. II.1990 (CRB). Skikda: Ben Azouz, 200m, 1 ♂, litter in Eucalyptus plantation, 2.III.1990, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Tipasa: Sidi Fredj, 10m, 1 ♂, under stones in dunes with maquis, 18.XII.1986, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). MOROCCO: Rabat-Sal��-Kh��nitra: Rabat, Ma��mora forest, Sidi Amira, 145m, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, 1.III.1989, S. Benhalima leg. (CSB). Souss-Massa: between Tamri and Tamanar, 1 ♀, pitfalls in coastal dunes, 15-28. IV.2012, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). TUNISIA: Bizerte: Utique, 6 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀, litter in Euphorbia hedge, 29.I.2003, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Nabeul: Tazerka, 4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, border of salt marsh and dunes, 26.I.2003, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Tunis: la Goulette, 1 ♀, under stones in Pinus plantation, 30.I.2003, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Medenine: Djerba, Midoun, 1 ♀, litter in dunes, 15.XII.2014, K. De Smet leg. (CRB). EUROPE: PORTUGAL: Ėvora: Ribera do Almugro, 1 ♀, litter in Eucalyptus plantation, 8.IV.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Beja: Serpa W., near Rio Guadiana, 1 ♀, beating trees, 24.V.2007, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Faro: Luz, W. Lagos, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, under stones along fields, 15.II.2006, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). SPAIN: Alava: Salvatierra, 1 ♀, under stones in low maquis, 6. IV.1992, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Albacete: Almansa, 950m, 1 ♀, under stones in maquis, 3.IV.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Alicante: Crevillente, 1 ♀, litter in wasteland, 8.IV.1998, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Almeria: Cabo de Gata, 1 ♂, pitfalls in dunes, IV.1999, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB); Vera, Rio Antas, 1 ♀, litter along river, 8.IV.1999, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Islas Baleares: Mallorca: Cala Vicente, 3 ♀♀, 9.III.1971, D. J. Clark leg. (NHML); Ibiza: Ses Feixes, pitfalls, 28.XII-8.I.2010, J. Hernandez leg. (CJH). C��diz: Tarifa, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, IV.1991, P. Poot leg. (CRB). Murcia: Sierra de la Tercia, Totana W., 2 ♀♀, under under stones in maquis, 4.IV.1996, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). FRANCE: Haute-Corse: Calacuccia, Lozzi, track to Monte Cinto, 1200m, 1 ♀, under stones in open maquis, 25.V.1995, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Bouches-du-Rh��ne: Chateauneuf-le-Rouge, 233m, 1 ♀, open Quercus maquis, 1.V.2015, P. Oger leg. (CPO); Pyr��n��es-Orientales; Argel��s-sur-Mer, Chemin du Pas Den Diego, 4m, 3 ♀♀, along Mas Larrieu, 18.V.2015, P. Oger leg. (CPO); Baixas, 130m, 2 ♀♀, under stones on a slope, 17.V.2015, P. Oger leg. (CPO); Ortaffa, La Polleda, 28m, 4 ♀♀, under stones in dry grassland, 25.V.2015, P. Oger leg. (CPO). ITALY: Foggia: Lesina, La Porcareccia dunes, 1 ♂, pitfalls, 5.XII.2003, S. Biserni & A. Renzi leg., P. Pantini det. (CMB). Palermo: Roccella Valdemone, torrente Roccella, 1 ♂, at light trap, 28.XI.1995, P. Pantini & M. Valli leg., P. Pantini det. (CMB); Terrasini, riserva naturale Orientata Caporama, 2 ♀♀, 14. IV.2012, pitfalls in palm grove, C. Cusimano leg., P. Pantini det. (CMB). GREECE: Peloponnisos: Lakonia: Vathia N., 1 ♀, phrygana along dry rivulet, 22.V.1998, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB), 1 ♀, 14. IV.2012, pitfalls in palm grove, C. Cusimano leg., P. Pantini det. (CMB). Ecology. In the Maghreb, C. vegeta was collected in various, often man-influenced habitats such as Eucalyptus and Pinus plantations, secondary maquis, coastal dunes, salt marshes and cultivated fields. Adult specimens of both sexes were found from December to April. Distribution. C. vegeta was found in Algeria and Morocco and for the first time in Tunisia. It occurs much more to the south than other Clubiona species, in coastal dunes, in Morocco in the region of Agadir and in Tunisia on the island Djerba. It occurs further in Europe, Central Asia, and the Canary Islands (Helsdingen 2017). MAP 3. Records of Clubiona vegeta Simon, 1918 in the Maghreb., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Henrard, Arnaud, Benhalima, Sou��d & Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, 2017, The genus Clubiona Latreille, 1904 (Araneae: Clubionidae) in the Maghreb, with notes on the genevensis group and new records from the Mediterranean Region, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 4353 (1) on pages 13-17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4353.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1064416, {"references":["Lucas, H. (1846) Histoire naturelle des animaux articules. In: Exploration scientifique de l'Algerie pendant les annees 1840, 1841, 1842 publiee par ordre du Gouvernement et avec le concours d'une commission academique. Paris, Sciences physiques, Zoologie, 1, 89 - 271.","Simon, E. (1899) Liste des arachnides recueillis en Algerie par M. P. Lesne et description d'une espece nouvelle. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 5, 82 - 87.","Simon, E. (1909) Etude sur les arachnides recueillis au Maroc par M. Martinez de la Escalera en 1907. Memorias de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural, 6 (1), 1 - 43.","Sterghiu, C. (1985) Fam. Clubionidae. In: Fauna Republicii Socialiste Romania: Arachnida, Vol. V. Fascicula 4. Academia Republicii Socialiste Romania, Bucharest, pp. 1 - 165.","Helsdingen, P. J. van (1979) Remarks concerning Clubionidae. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 4, 298 - 302.","Mikhailov, K. G. (1990) The spider genus Clubiona Latreille, 1804 in the Caucasus, USSR (Arachnida: Araneae: Clubionidae). Senckenbergiana biologica, 70, 299 - 322.","Mikhailov, K. G. (2012) Reassesment of the spider genus Clubiona (Aranei, Clubionidae). Vestnik Zoologii, 46, 177 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.2478 / v 10058 - 012 - 0015 - z","Mikhailov, K. G. (1992) The spider genus Clubiona Latreille, 1804 (Arachnida Aranei Clubionidae) in the USSR fauna: a critical review with taxonomical remarks. Arthropoda Selecta, 1 (3), 3 - 34.","Helsdingen, P. J. van (2017) Fauna Europaea: spiders. Version 2017.1. Available from: https: // fauna-eu. org (accessed 1 March 2017)"]}

Clubiona diversa O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1862 New records. SPAIN: Gerona: Puerto de Tosas, 1 ♂, near fountain in Pinus forest, 10.VII.1991, R. Bosmans leg. (CRB). Distribution. South, Central and North Europe, Russia, Mongolia, Korea, Japan (Helsdingen 2017)., Published as part of Bosmans, Robert, Henrard, Arnaud, Benhalima, Sou��d & Kherbouche-Abrous, Ourida, 2017, The genus Clubiona Latreille, 1904 (Araneae: Clubionidae) in the Maghreb, with notes on the genevensis group and new records from the Mediterranean Region, pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 4353 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4353.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1064416, {"references":["Helsdingen, P. J. van (2017) Fauna Europaea: spiders. Version 2017.1. Available from: https: // fauna-eu. org (accessed 1 March 2017)"]}